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Flebus B, Grundler D, Rana B, Otani Y, Barsukov I, Barman A, Gubbiotti G, Landeros P, Akerman J, Ebels U, Pirro P, Demidov VE, Schultheiss K, Csaba G, Wang Q, Ciubotaru F, Nikonov DE, Che P, Hertel R, Ono T, Afanasiev D, Mentink J, Rasing T, Hillebrands B, Kusminskiy SV, Zhang W, Du CR, Finco A, van der Sar T, Luo YK, Shiota Y, Sklenar J, Yu T, Rao J. The 2024 magnonics roadmap. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:363501. [PMID: 38565125 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad399c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Magnonicsis a research field that has gained an increasing interest in both the fundamental and applied sciences in recent years. This field aims to explore and functionalize collective spin excitations in magnetically ordered materials for modern information technologies, sensing applications and advanced computational schemes. Spin waves, also known as magnons, carry spin angular momenta that allow for the transmission, storage and processing of information without moving charges. In integrated circuits, magnons enable on-chip data processing at ultrahigh frequencies without the Joule heating, which currently limits clock frequencies in conventional data processors to a few GHz. Recent developments in the field indicate that functional magnonic building blocks for in-memory computation, neural networks and Ising machines are within reach. At the same time, the miniaturization of magnonic circuits advances continuously as the synergy of materials science, electrical engineering and nanotechnology allows for novel on-chip excitation and detection schemes. Such circuits can already enable magnon wavelengths of 50 nm at microwave frequencies in a 5G frequency band. Research into non-charge-based technologies is urgently needed in view of the rapid growth of machine learning and artificial intelligence applications, which consume substantial energy when implemented on conventional data processing units. In its first part, the 2024 Magnonics Roadmap provides an update on the recent developments and achievements in the field of nano-magnonics while defining its future avenues and challenges. In its second part, the Roadmap addresses the rapidly growing research endeavors on hybrid structures and magnonics-enabled quantum engineering. We anticipate that these directions will continue to attract researchers to the field and, in addition to showcasing intriguing science, will enable unprecedented functionalities that enhance the efficiency of alternative information technologies and computational schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Flebus
- Department of Physics, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States of America
| | - Dirk Grundler
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Magnonics, Institute of Materials (IMX), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering (IEM), EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Bivas Rana
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information (ISQI), Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - YoshiChika Otani
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Igor Barsukov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, United States of America
| | - Anjan Barman
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pedro Landeros
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Johan Akerman
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ursula Ebels
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, SPINTEC, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Philipp Pirro
- Fachbereich Physik and Landesforschungszentrum OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | | | - Gyorgy Csaba
- Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Dmitri E Nikonov
- Components Research, Intel Corp., Hillsboro, OR 97124, United States of America
| | - Ping Che
- Laboratoire Albert Fert, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - Riccardo Hertel
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Teruo Ono
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Center for Spintronics Research Network, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Dmytro Afanasiev
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Mentink
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Rasing
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Burkard Hillebrands
- Fachbereich Physik and Landesforschungszentrum OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Silvia Viola Kusminskiy
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachen and Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America
| | - Chunhui Rita Du
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Aurore Finco
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Toeno van der Sar
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Yunqiu Kelly Luo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States of America
- Kavli Institute at Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - Yoichi Shiota
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Joseph Sklenar
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Rao
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Pan XF, Li PB, Hei XL, Zhang X, Mochizuki M, Li FL, Nori F. Magnon-Skyrmion Hybrid Quantum Systems: Tailoring Interactions via Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:193601. [PMID: 38804949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.193601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Coherent and dissipative interactions between different quantum systems are essential for the construction of hybrid quantum systems and the investigation of novel quantum phenomena. Here, we propose and analyze a magnon-skyrmion hybrid quantum system, consisting of a micromagnet and nearby magnetic skyrmions. We predict a strong-coupling mechanism between the magnonic mode of the micromagnet and the quantized helicity degree of freedom of the skyrmion. We show that with this hybrid setup it is possible to induce magnon-mediated nonreciprocal interactions and responses between distant skyrmion qubits or between skyrmion qubits and other quantum systems like superconducting qubits. This work provides a quantum platform for the investigation of diverse quantum effects and quantum information processing with magnetic microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Peng-Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Lei Hei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xichao Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masahito Mochizuki
- Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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Xu J, Zhong C, Zhuang S, Qian C, Jiang Y, Pishehvar A, Han X, Jin D, Jornet JM, Zhen B, Hu J, Jiang L, Zhang X. Slow-Wave Hybrid Magnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:116701. [PMID: 38563939 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.116701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cavity magnonics is an emerging research area focusing on the coupling between magnons and photons. Despite its great potential for coherent information processing, it has been long restricted by the narrow interaction bandwidth. In this Letter, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel approach to achieve broadband photon-magnon coupling by adopting slow waves on engineered microwave waveguides. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that slow wave is combined with hybrid magnonics. Its unique properties promise great potentials for both fundamental research and practical applications, for instance, by deepening our understanding of the light-matter interaction in the slow wave regime and providing high-efficiency spin wave transducers. The device concept can be extended to other systems such as optomagnonics and magnomechanics, opening up new directions for hybrid magnonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changchun Zhong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Shihao Zhuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Amin Pishehvar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Xu Han
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Dafei Jin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Josep M Jornet
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Bo Zhen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jiamian Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Xu HP, Wang Y, Gao JM, Zhang AX, Xue JK, Yu ZF. Kerr nonlinearity assisted magnetically induced transparency in cavity magnon polaritons. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:367-370. [PMID: 38194570 DOI: 10.1364/ol.506465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
We investigate optical transmission in cavity magnon polaritons and discover a complex multi-window magnetically induced transparency and a bistability with magnetic and optical characteristics. With the regulation of Kerr nonlinear effects and driven fields, a complex multi-window resonant transmission with fast and slow light effects appears, which includes transparency and absorption windows. The magnetically induced transparency and absorption can be explained by the destructive and constructive interference between different excitation pathways. Moreover, we demonstrate the bistability of magnons and photons with a hysteresis loop, where magnetic and optical bistabilities can induce and control each other. Our results pave a new way, to the best of our knowledge, for implementing a room-temperature multiband quantum memory.
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Römling ALE, Vivas-Viaña A, Muñoz CS, Kamra A. Resolving Nonclassical Magnon Composition of a Magnetic Ground State via a Qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:143602. [PMID: 37862662 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.143602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently gained insights into equilibrium squeezing and entanglement harbored by magnets point toward exciting opportunities for quantum science and technology, while concrete protocols for exploiting these are needed. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that a direct dispersive coupling between a qubit and a noneigenmode magnon enables detecting the magnonic number states' quantum superposition that forms the ground state of the actual eigenmode-squeezed magnon-via qubit excitation spectroscopy. Furthermore, this unique coupling is found to enable control over the equilibrium magnon squeezing and a deterministic generation of squeezed even Fock states via the qubit state and its excitation. Our work demonstrates direct dispersive coupling to noneigenmodes, realizable in spin systems, as a general pathway to exploiting the equilibrium squeezing and related quantum properties thereby motivating a search for similar realizations in other platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Luisa E Römling
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vivas-Viaña
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Sánchez Muñoz
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Akashdeep Kamra
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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