1
|
Ju J, Ge X, Zhang W, Dang F, Zhou Y, Yang F, Yuan C, Cheng X, Zhang Q, He J. Coherent Combining of Phase-Steerable High Power Microwaves Generated by Two X-Band Triaxial Klystron Amplifiers with Pulsed Magnetic Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:085002. [PMID: 36898115 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.085002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of coherent combining of phase-steerable high power microwaves (HPMs) generated by X-band relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier modules under the guidance of pulsed magnetic fields. Electronically agile manipulation of the HPM phase is achieved with a mean discrepancy of 4° at the gain level of 110 dB, and the coherent combining efficiency has reached as high as 98.4%, leading to combined radiations with equivalent peak power of 4.3 GW and average pulse duration of 112 ns. The underlying phase-steering mechanism during the nonlinear beam-wave interaction process is furthermore explored by particle-in-cell simulation and theoretical analysis. This Letter paves the way for high power phase array in large scale and may stimulate new interest in research of phase-steerable high power masers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Ju
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xingjun Ge
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Fangchao Dang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Fuxiang Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Chengwei Yuan
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xinbing Cheng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Juntao He
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hannasch A, Laso Garcia A, LaBerge M, Zgadzaj R, Köhler A, Couperus Cabadağ JP, Zarini O, Kurz T, Ferrari A, Molodtsova M, Naumann L, Cowan TE, Schramm U, Irman A, Downer MC. Compact spectroscopy of keV to MeV X-rays from a laser wakefield accelerator. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14368. [PMID: 34257331 PMCID: PMC8277848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We reconstruct spectra of secondary X-rays from a tunable 250-350 MeV laser wakefield electron accelerator from single-shot X-ray depth-energy measurements in a compact (7.5 × 7.5 × 15 cm), modular X-ray calorimeter made of alternating layers of absorbing materials and imaging plates. X-rays range from few-keV betatron to few-MeV inverse Compton to > 100 MeV bremsstrahlung emission, and are characterized both individually and in mixtures. Geant4 simulations of energy deposition of single-energy X-rays in the stack generate an energy-vs-depth response matrix for a given stack configuration. An iterative reconstruction algorithm based on analytic models of betatron, inverse Compton and bremsstrahlung photon energy distributions then unfolds X-ray spectra, typically within a minute. We discuss uncertainties, limitations and extensions of both measurement and reconstruction methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hannasch
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA
| | - A Laso Garcia
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M LaBerge
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Zgadzaj
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA
| | - A Köhler
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - J P Couperus Cabadağ
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - O Zarini
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Kurz
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Ferrari
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Molodtsova
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Naumann
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - T E Cowan
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Irman
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M C Downer
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schächter L. High-efficiency beam-wave interaction in quasiperiodic structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:2037-2044. [PMID: 9963623 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
5
|
Lawson W, Matthews HW, Lee MK, Calame JP, Hogan B, Cheng J, Latham PE, Granatstein VL, Reiser M. High-power operation of a K-band second-harmonic gyroklystron. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:456-459. [PMID: 10055275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
6
|
Colombant DG, Lau YY. Maximum microwave conversion efficiency from a modulated intense relativistic electron beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1992; 45:2179-2182. [PMID: 9907235 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.r2179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
7
|
Lawson W, Calame JP, Hogan B, Latham PE, Read ME, Granatstein VL, Reiser M, Striffler CD. Efficient operation of a high-power X-band gyroklystron. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:520-523. [PMID: 10044915 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
9
|
Whittum DH, Sessler AM, Neil VK. Transverse resistive wall instability in the two-beam accelerator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 43:294-303. [PMID: 9904782 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|