1
|
Yu Z, Fang B, Liu P, Chen S, Bao G, Yuan CH, Chen L. Sensing the performance enhancement via asymmetric gain optimization in the atom-light hybrid interferometer. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:11514-11523. [PMID: 35473094 DOI: 10.1364/oe.453551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The SU (1,1)-type atom-light hybrid interferometer (SALHI) is a kind of interferometer that is sensitive to both the optical phase and atomic phase. However, the loss has been an unavoidable problem in practical applications and greatly limits the use of interferometers. Visibility is an important parameter to evaluate the performance of interferometers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the mitigating effect of the loss on visibility of the SALHI via asymmetric gain optimization, where the maximum threshold of loss to visibility close to 100% is increased. Furthermore, we theoretically find that the optimal condition for the largest visibility is the same as that for the enhancement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to the best value with the existence of the losses using the intensity detection, indicating that visibility can act as an experimental operational criterion for SNR improvement in practical applications. Improvement of the interference visibility means achievement of SNR enhancement. Our results provide a significant foundation for practical application of the SALHI in radar and ranging measurements.
Collapse
|
2
|
Ming H, Wang Y, Zhu L, Wang G, Jia A, Li Q, Zhang X, Zhang H, Yan S, Yang J. A simple method to generate arbitrary laser shapes for stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:063206. [PMID: 34243555 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is an effective technique to transfer state coherently with the features of both high fidelity and robustness in the field of quantum information and quantum precise measurement. In this note, we present a simple method to generate arbitrary laser shapes for STIRAP by controlling the modulation depth of the electro-optic modulator (EOM) and the diffraction efficiency of the acoustic-optic modulator (AOM) simultaneously. The EOM and AOM are used to control the power ratio between the two Raman lasers (pumping laser and Stokes laser) and the total power, respectively. Compared with the traditional method by combining two Raman lasers separated in space, this method has the advantage of simple structure and insensitivity to the environment disturbance, which would degrade the relative phase noise between two Raman lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Ming
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Guochao Wang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Aiai Jia
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Qixue Li
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Huankai Zhang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Shuhua Yan
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Kotru K, Butts DL, Kinast JM, Stoner RE. Large-Area Atom Interferometry with Frequency-Swept Raman Adiabatic Passage. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:103001. [PMID: 26382675 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate light-pulse atom interferometry with large-momentum-transfer atom optics based on stimulated Raman transitions and frequency-swept adiabatic rapid passage. Our atom optics have produced momentum splittings of up to 30 photon recoil momenta in an acceleration-sensitive interferometer for laser cooled atoms. We experimentally verify the enhancement of phase shift per unit acceleration and characterize interferometer contrast loss. By forgoing evaporative cooling and velocity selection, this method lowers the atom shot-noise-limited measurement uncertainty and enables large-area atom interferometry at higher data rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krish Kotru
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The C. S. Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - David L Butts
- The C. S. Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Joseph M Kinast
- The C. S. Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Richard E Stoner
- The C. S. Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bergmann K, Vitanov NV, Shore BW. Perspective: Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage: The status after 25 years. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:170901. [PMID: 25956078 DOI: 10.1063/1.4916903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first presentation of the STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) technique with proper theoretical foundation and convincing experimental data appeared 25 years ago, in the May 1st, 1990 issue of The Journal of Chemical Physics. By now, the STIRAP concept has been successfully applied in many different fields of physics, chemistry, and beyond. In this article, we comment briefly on the initial motivation of the work, namely, the study of reaction dynamics of vibrationally excited small molecules, and how this initial idea led to the documented success. We proceed by providing a brief discussion of the physics of STIRAP and how the method was developed over the years, before discussing a few examples from the amazingly wide range of applications which STIRAP now enjoys, with the aim to stimulate further use of the concept. Finally, we mention some promising future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Bergmann
- Fachbereich Physik und Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Nikolay V Vitanov
- Department of Physics, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, James Bourchier 5 Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bruce W Shore
- 618 Escondido Circle, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li LH, Han YC, Cong SL. Steering Vibrational Population Transfer via Double-∑-Type Laser Scheme. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/28/cjcp1410186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
7
|
Chen X, Lizuain I, Ruschhaupt A, Guéry-Odelin D, Muga JG. Shortcut to adiabatic passage in two- and three-level atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:123003. [PMID: 20867634 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.123003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method to speed up adiabatic passage techniques in two-level and three-level atoms extending to the short-time domain their robustness with respect to parameter variations. It supplements or substitutes the standard laser beam setups with auxiliary pulses that steer the system along the adiabatic path. Compared to other strategies, such as composite pulses or the original adiabatic techniques, it provides a fast and robust approach to population control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Departamento de Química-Física, UPV-EHU, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lévèque T, Gauguet A, Michaud F, Pereira Dos Santos F, Landragin A. Enhancing the area of a Raman atom interferometer using a versatile double-diffraction technique. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:080405. [PMID: 19792699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.080405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we demonstrate a new scheme for Raman transitions which realize a symmetric momentum-space splitting of 4 Planck's constant k, deflecting the atomic wave packets into the same internal state. Combining the advantages of Raman and Bragg diffraction, we achieve a three pulse state labeled an interferometer, intrinsically insensitive to the main systematics and applicable to all kinds of atomic sources. This splitting scheme can be extended to 4N Planck's constant k momentum transfer by a multipulse sequence and is implemented on a 8 Planck's constant k interferometer. We demonstrate the area enhancement by measuring inertial forces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Lévèque
- LNE-SYRTE, UMR 8630 CNRS, UPMC, Observatoire de Paris, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Müller H, Chiow SW, Herrmann S, Chu S. Atom interferometers with scalable enclosed area. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:240403. [PMID: 19658985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.240403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bloch oscillations (i.e., coherent acceleration of matter waves by an optical lattice) and Bragg diffraction are integrated into light-pulse atom interferometers with large momentum splitting between the interferometer arms, and hence enhanced sensitivity. Simultaneous acceleration of both arms in the same internal states suppresses systematic effects, and simultaneously running a pair of interferometers suppresses the effect of vibrations. Ramsey-Bordé interferometers using four such Bloch-Bragg-Bloch beam splitters exhibit 15% contrast at 24variant Planck's over 2pik splitting, the largest so far (variant Planck's over 2pik is the photon momentum); single beam splitters achieve 88variant Planck's over 2pik. The prospects for reaching 100 s of variant Planck's over 2pik and applications such as gravitational wave sensors are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Müller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cladé P, Guellati-Khélifa S, Nez F, Biraben F. Large momentum beam splitter using Bloch oscillations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:240402. [PMID: 19658984 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.240402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of an inertial sensor based on an atomic interferometer is proportional to the velocity separation of atoms in the two arms of the interferometer. In this Letter we describe how Bloch oscillations can be used to increase this separation and to create a large momentum transfer (LMT) beam splitter. We experimentally demonstrate a separation of 10 recoil velocities. Light shifts during the acceleration introduce phase fluctuations which can reduce the fringes contrast. We precisely calculate this effect and demonstrate that it can be significantly reduced by using a suitable combination of LMT pulses. We finally show that this method seems to be very promising to realize a LMT beam splitter with several tens of recoils and a very good efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cladé
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Müller H, Chiow SW, Long Q, Herrmann S, Chu S. Atom interferometry with up to 24-photon-momentum-transfer beam splitters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:180405. [PMID: 18518355 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.180405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present up to 24-photon Bragg diffraction as a beam splitter in light-pulse atom interferometers to achieve the largest splitting in momentum space so far. Relative to the 2-photon processes used in the most sensitive present interferometers, these large momentum transfer beam splitters increase the phase shift 12-fold for Mach-Zehnder (MZ) and 144-fold for Ramsey-Bordé (RB) geometries. We achieve a high visibility of the interference fringes (up to 52% for MZ or 36% for RB) and long pulse separation times that are possible only in atomic fountain setups. As the atom's internal state is not changed, important systematic effects can cancel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Müller
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Arvanitaki A, Dimopoulos S, Geraci AA, Hogan J, Kasevich M. How to test atom and neutron neutrality with atom interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:120407. [PMID: 18517846 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.120407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We propose an atom-interferometry experiment based on the scalar Aharonov-Bohm effect which detects an atom charge at the 10{-28}e level, and improves the current laboratory limits by 8 orders of magnitude. This setup independently probes neutron charges down to 10{-28}e, 7 orders of magnitude below current bounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asimina Arvanitaki
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oberst M, Münch H, Halfmann T. Efficient coherent population transfer among three states in NO molecules by Stark-Chirped rapid adiabatic passage. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:173001. [PMID: 17995324 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present the experimental demonstration of a novel, efficient, and selective technique to prepare population inversion. The technique is an extension of Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage (SCRAP), i.e., SCRAP among three states. In this process a Lambda-type quantum system is driven by two laser pulses, the pump and Stokes pulses, which are appropriately detuned from transition frequencies. A third laser pulse induces a dynamic Stark shift in the upper energy level, and the timing of all three pulses is controlled in order to prepare population inversion between the two lower states in the Lambda-type level scheme. Our data on population transfer in nitric oxide (NO) molecules clearly show that SCRAP among three states provides an advantageous alternative to such techniques as stimulated Raman adiabatic passage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Oberst
- Institute for Applied Physics, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 7, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dimopoulos S, Graham PW, Hogan JM, Kasevich MA. Testing general relativity with atom interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:111102. [PMID: 17501039 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented precision of atom interferometry will soon lead to laboratory tests of general relativity to levels that will rival or exceed those reached by astrophysical observations. We propose such an experiment that will initially test the equivalence principle to 1 part in 10(15) (300 times better than the current limit), and 1 part in 10(17) in the future. It will also probe general relativistic effects - such as the nonlinear three-graviton coupling, the gravity of an atom's kinetic energy, and the falling of light - to several decimals. In contrast with astrophysical observations, laboratory tests can isolate these effects via their different functional dependence on experimental variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savas Dimopoulos
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang M, Zhang P, Chapman MS, You L. Controlled splitting of an atomic wave packet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:070403. [PMID: 17026215 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.070403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a simple scheme capable of adiabatically splitting an atomic wave packet using two independent translating traps. Implemented with optical dipole traps, our scheme allows a high degree of flexibility for atom interferometry arrangements and highlights its potential as an efficient and high fidelity atom optical beam splitter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- Center for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lamine B, Hervé R, Lambrecht A, Reynaud S. Ultimate decoherence border for matter-wave interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:050405. [PMID: 16486909 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves are intrinsic fluctuations of spacetime which lead to an unavoidable decoherence mechanism. This mechanism manifests itself as a degradation of the contrast of quantum interferences. It defines an ultimate decoherence border for matter-wave interferometry using larger and larger molecules. We give a quantitative characterization of this border in terms of figures involving the gravitational environment as well as the sensitivity of the interferometer to gravitational waves. The known level of gravitational noise determines the maximal size of the molecular probe for which interferences may remain observable. We discuss the relevance of this result in the context of ongoing progresses towards more and more sensitive matter-wave interferometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Lamine
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case74, Campus Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Malinovsky VS, Sola IR. Quantum phase control of entanglement. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:190502. [PMID: 15600818 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.190502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A method of phase control of entanglement in two-qubit systems is proposed. We show that by changing a relative phase of the pulses that drive the transitions in a two-qubit system with closed-loop couplings, one can control entanglement at will. The method relies on adiabatic dynamics via time-delayed pulse sequences and can be implemented with both resonant and nonresonant transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S Malinovsky
- Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics & FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Battesti R, Cladé P, Guellati-Khélifa S, Schwob C, Grémaud B, Nez F, Julien L, Biraben F. Bloch oscillations of ultracold atoms: a tool for a metrological determination of h/m Rb. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:253001. [PMID: 15245001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.253001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We use Bloch oscillations in a horizontal moving standing wave to transfer a large number of photon recoils to atoms with a high efficiency (99.5% per cycle). By measuring the photon recoil of 87Rb, using velocity-selective Raman transitions to select a subrecoil velocity class and to measure the final accelerated velocity class, we have determined h/m(Rb) with a relative precision of 0.4 ppm. To exploit the high momentum transfer efficiency of our method, we are developing a vertical standing wave setup. This will allow us to measure h/m(Rb) better than 10(-8) and hence the fine structure constant alpha with an uncertainty close to the most accurate value coming from the (g-2) determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Battesti
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-UMR 8552, UPMC, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Freegarde T, Segal D. Algorithmic cooling in a momentum state quantum computer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:037904. [PMID: 12906457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.037904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe a quantum computer based upon the coherent manipulation of two-level atoms between discrete one-dimensional momentum states. Combinations of short laser pulses with kinetic energy dependent free phase evolution can perform the logical invert, exchange, controlled-NOT, and Hadamard operations on any qubits in the binary representation of the momentum state, as well as conditional phase inversion. These allow a binary right rotation, which halves the momentum distribution in a single coherent process. Fields for the coherent control of atomic momenta may thus be designed as quantum algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Freegarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Unanyan RG, Vitanov NV, Bergmann K. Preparation of entangled states by adiabatic passage. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:137902. [PMID: 11580627 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.137902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel technique for the creation of entangled pairs of two-state systems based upon adiabatic passage induced by a suitably crafted time-dependent external field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G Unanyan
- Fachbereich Physik der Universität Kaiserslautern, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vitanov NV, Halfmann T, Shore BW, Bergmann K. Laser-induced population transfer by adiabatic passage techniques. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2001; 52:763-809. [PMID: 11326080 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.52.1.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 822] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We review some basic techniques for laser-induced adiabatic population transfer between discrete quantum states in atoms and molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Vitanov
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, PL 9, 00014 Finland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Houde O, Kadio D, Pruvost L. Cold atom beam splitter realized with two crossing dipole guides. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:5543-5546. [PMID: 11136042 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cold rubidium atoms, coupled and guided in a vertical laser beam by the dipole force, have been split into two atomic beams, by using a second time-dependent laser beam crossing the vertical one at a 0.12 rad angle. Transfer efficiency as large as 40% has been obtained. At 10 mm below the cold atom source, the two atomic beams have a few hundred micron size and are more than one millimeter apart from each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Houde
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS II, bâtiment 505, Campus d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
McGuirk JM, Snadden MJ, Kasevich MA. Large area light-pulse atom interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:4498-4501. [PMID: 11082580 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the experimental demonstration of a large area atom interferometer based on extended sequences of light pulses. We characterize the interferometer through measurement of the acceleration due to gravity and demonstrate a threefold enhancement in intrinsic acceleration sensitivity. The technique is applicable to many atom interferometer configurations, including those used for measurement of rotations, gravity gradients, and Planck's over 2pi/m.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JM McGuirk
- Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Truscott AG, Friese ME, Hensinger WK, Wiseman HM, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H, Heckenberg NR. Coherent atomic beam splitter using transients of a chaotic system. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:4023-4026. [PMID: 10990601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.4023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A coherent atomic beam splitter can be realized using the transient dynamics of a chaotic system. We have experimentally observed such an effect using ultracold rubidium atoms. Our experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations of the Schrodinger equation for the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AG Truscott
- Department of Physics, Centre for Laser Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072 Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Comparat D, Drag C, Fioretti A, Dulieu O, Pillet P. Photoassociative Spectroscopy and Formation of Cold Molecules in Cold Cesium Vapor: Trap-Loss Spectrum versus Ion Spectrum. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 1999; 195:229-235. [PMID: 10329266 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on the experimental spectra of all the optically accessible long-range attractive molecular states of the Cs2 dimer below the 6s2S1/2 + 6p2P3/2 dissociation limit by molecular photoassociation of cold Cs atoms. The spectra are obtained by the usual trap-loss method as well as by pulsed-laser photoionization of Cs2 molecules into Cs+2 ions. The two spectra present markedly different features. While the 1g, 0(+)u, and 0(-)g vibrational progressions are present in the trap-loss spectrum, the Cs+2 ion spectrum presents only the 0(-)g and 1u vibrational progressions. Those states (0(-)g and 1u) lead to the formation of the translationally cold Cs2 ground state molecules at temperatures in the 100 µK range, to our knowledge the lowest molecular temperature reported up until now. The C3 asymptotic coefficients for the 0(+)u and 1g states are determined through a fit of the experimental energy levels. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Comparat
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton,1, CNRS II, Bât. 505, Campus d'Orsay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morigi G, Featonby P, Summy G, Foot C. Calculation of the efficiencies and phase shifts associated with an adiabatic transfer atom interferometer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/1355-5111/8/3/024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
27
|
Abstract
The techniques of optical trapping and manipulation of neutral particles by lasers provide unique means to control the dynamics of small particles. These new experimental methods have played a revolutionary role in areas of the physical and biological sciences. This paper reviews the early developments in the field leading to the demonstration of cooling and trapping of neutral atoms in atomic physics and to the first use of optical tweezers traps in biology. Some further major achievements of these rapidly developing methods also are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ashkin
- Research Department, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies (retired), Room 4B-405, Holmdel, NJ 07733-3030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Weitz M, Heupel T, Hänsch TW. Multiple Beam Atomic Interferometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:2356-2359. [PMID: 10061933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.2356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
29
|
Korsunsky E. Laser cooling during velocity-selective adiabatic population transfer. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:R1773-R1776. [PMID: 9913761 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.r1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
30
|
Martin J, Shore BW, Bergmann K. Coherent population transfer in multilevel systems with magnetic sublevels. III. Experimental results. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:1556-1569. [PMID: 9913626 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
31
|
Poyatos JF, Cirac JI, Blatt R, Zoller P. Trapped ions in the strong-excitation regime: Ion interferometry and nonclassical states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:1532-1540. [PMID: 9913623 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
32
|
Halfmann T, Bergmann K. Coherent population transfer and dark resonances in SO2. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
33
|
Featonby PD, Summy GS, Martin JL, Wu H, Zetie KP, Foot CJ, Burnett K. Adiabatic transfer for atomic interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:373-380. [PMID: 9912893 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
34
|
Giltner DM, McGowan RW, Lee SA. Atom interferometer based on Bragg scattering from standing light waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:2638-2641. [PMID: 10059367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
35
|
Weitz M, Huber A, Schmidt-Kaler F, Leibfried D, Vassen W, Zimmermann C, Pachucki K, Hänsch TW, Julien L, Biraben F. Precision measurement of the 1S ground-state Lamb shift in atomic hydrogen and deuterium by frequency comparison. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:2664-2681. [PMID: 9912548 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.2664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
36
|
Johnson KS, Chu A, Lynn TW, Berggren KK, Shahriar MS, Prentiss M. Demonstration of a nonmagnetic blazed-grating atomic beam splitter. OPTICS LETTERS 1995; 20:1310-1312. [PMID: 19859509 DOI: 10.1364/ol.20.001310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a coherent atomic beam splitter for metastable helium atoms, based on the diffraction of atomic matter waves from a blazed phase grating. The beam splitter is created by driving the two transitions of a three-level V system with differentially detuned standing light waves that have a relative spatial phase shift of pi/2. The light f ields create a potential that is approximately triangular as a function of position in the laser field. Splittings of 38 times the photon momentum have been observed.
Collapse
|