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Cao J, Wang BY, Yang H, Fan ZJ, Su Z, Rui J, Zhao B, Pan JW. Observation of Photoassociation Resonances in Ultracold Atom-Molecule Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:093403. [PMID: 38489622 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.093403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
We report on the observation of photoassociation resonances in ultracold collisions between ^{23}Na^{40}K molecules and ^{40}K atoms. We perform photoassociation in a long-wavelength optical dipole trap to form deeply bound triatomic molecules in electronically excited states. The atom-molecule Feshbach resonance is used to enhance the free-bound Franck-Condon overlap. The photoassociation into well-defined quantum states of excited triatomic molecules is identified by observing resonantly enhanced loss features. These loss features depend on the polarization of the photoassociation lasers, allowing us to assign rotational quantum numbers. The observation of ultracold atom-molecule photoassociation resonances paves the way toward preparing ground-state triatomic molecules, provides a new high-resolution spectroscopy technique for polyatomic molecules, and is also important to atom-molecule Feshbach resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Bo-Yuan Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Fan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Zhen Su
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jun Rui
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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2
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Bai S, Han X, Bai J, Jiao Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Jia S. Observation of photoassociation spectroscopy of ultralong 37D 5/2 + 6S 1/2Cs 2 Rydberg molecules. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:084302. [PMID: 32113370 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an experimental observation of 37D5/2 + 6S1/2Cs2 Rydberg-ground molecules by employing a two-photon photoassociation method. Two distinct Rydberg-ground molecular signals, deep and shallow bound molecules, are observed at the red detuning of atomic line. In theory, the model of scattering interaction between the Rydberg electron and ground-state atom is used to simulate the experiments. Two potential energy curves with energy minimum, deep pure triplet 3Σ and shallow hyperfine-mixed singlet-triplet 1,3Σ potentials, refer to the attained Rydberg-ground molecular signals, respectively. Calculations of the binding energy of triplet 3Σ and mixed 1,3Σv = 0 states are compared with the measurements. The agreement between the calculated and measured values of the binding energy yields zero-energy scattering lengths as T(0) = -19.2a0 and as S(0) = -1.3a0, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jingxu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuechun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jianming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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3
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Liu Y, Grimes DD, Hu MG, Ni KK. Probing ultracold chemistry using ion spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:4861-4874. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp07015j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions between KRb molecules at sub-microkelvin temperatures were probed using ion spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Physics
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
| | - David D. Grimes
- Department of Physics
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
| | - Ming-Guang Hu
- Department of Physics
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Physics
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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4
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Jellali S, Habli H, Mejrissi L, Oujia B, Gadéa FX. Adiabatic and Diabatic Investigation of Numerous Electronic States for the Alkali Dimer FrNa. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:544-555. [PMID: 30586312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The current paper reports a global investigation of all excited states below the ionic limit Fr+Na- of FrNa molecule following diabatic and adiabatic representations. The adiabatic and diabatic potential energy curves (PECs) for Σ+, Π, and Δ symmetries have been calculated for a dense grid of internuclear distances. The transition and permanent dipole moments (TDM and PDM) have been reported for both representations. Regarding the pseudopotential approach and full valence configuration interaction (FCI), the ab initio computation has been performed. Furthermore, the diabatization method was achieved by the use of the variational effective Hamiltonian theory (VEH). This latter served to assess the nonadiabatic coupling between the treated adiabatic states and to eliminate it employing a suitable unitary transformation matrix. The detailed computation of the PECs and PDM and TDM curves of the ground and excited states play a key role to coordinate experimental efforts in order to create cold and ultracold molecules in their ground stable rovibrational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soulef Jellali
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et Statistique, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir , Université de Monastir , Avenue de l'Environnement , 5019 Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Héla Habli
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et Statistique, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir , Université de Monastir , Avenue de l'Environnement , 5019 Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Leila Mejrissi
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et Statistique, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir , Université de Monastir , Avenue de l'Environnement , 5019 Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Brahim Oujia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science , University of Jeddah , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Florent Xavier Gadéa
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantique , UMR5626 du CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 , Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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5
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Wu J, Liu W, Wang X, Ma J, Li D, Sovkov VB, Xiao L, Jia S. Observation of photoassociation of ultracold sodium and cesium at the asymptote Na (3S 1/2) + Cs (6P 1/2). J Chem Phys 2018; 148:174304. [PMID: 29739213 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the production of ultracold heteronuclear NaCs* molecules in a dual-species magneto-optical trap through photoassociation. The electronically excited molecules are formed below the Na (3S1/2) + Cs (6P1/2) dissociation limit. 12 resonance lines are detected using trap-loss spectroscopy based on a highly sensitive modulation technique. The highest observed rovibrational level exhibits clear hyperfine structure, which is detected for the first time. This structure is simulated within a simplified model consisting of 4 coupled levels belonging to the initially unperturbed Hund's case "a" electronic states, which have been explored in our previous work that dealt with the Na (3S1/2) + Cs (6P3/2) asymptote [W. Liu et al., Phys. Rev. A 94, 032518 (2016)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Vladimir B Sovkov
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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6
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Shundalau M, Pitsevich G, Malevich A, Hlinisty A, Minko A, Ferber R, Tamanis M. Ab initio multi-reference perturbation theory calculations of the ground and low-lying electronic states of the KRb molecule. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Jendoubi I, Ghanmi C, Berriche H. Adiabatic and quasi-diabatic study of FrRb: structure, spectroscopy and dipole moments. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Deng L, Gou D, Chai J. The theoretical study of the ground-state polar chromium-alkali-metal-atom molecules. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Pototschnig JV, Hauser AW, Ernst WE. Electric dipole moments and chemical bonding of diatomic alkali-alkaline earth molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:5964-73. [PMID: 26837666 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06598d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the properties of alkali-alkaline earth diatomic molecules in the lowest Σ(+) states of the doublet and quartet multiplicity by ab initio calculations. In all sixteen cases studied, the permanent electric dipole moment points in opposite directions for the two spin states. This peculiarity can be explained by molecular orbital theory. We further discuss dissociation energies and bond distances. We analyze trends and provide an empirically motivated model for the prediction of the permanent electric dipole moment for combinations of alkali and alkaline earth atoms not studied in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann V Pototschnig
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Andreas W Hauser
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang E Ernst
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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10
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Pazyuk EA, Zaitsevskii AV, Stolyarov AV, Tamanis M, Ferber R. Laser synthesis of ultracold alkali metal dimers: optimization and control. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Wang H, Yang Y, Xiao L, Jia S. A full dimensional investigation of infrared spectroscopy of the RbCs dimer using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:244309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4856095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Banerjee J, Rahmlow D, Carollo R, Bellos M, Eyler EE, Gould PL, Stwalley WC. Spectroscopy and applications of the 3 3Σ+ electronic state of 39K85Rb. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:174316. [PMID: 24206307 DOI: 10.1063/1.4826653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We report new results on the spectroscopy of the 3 (3)Σ(+) electronic state of (39)K(85)Rb. The observations are based on resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of ultracold KRb molecules starting in vibrational levels v'' = 18-23 of the a (3)Σ(+) state and ionized via the intermediate 3 (3)Σ(+) state. The a-state ultracold molecules are formed by photoassociation of ultracold (39)K and (85)Rb atoms to the 3(0(+)) state of KRb followed by spontaneous emission. We discuss the potential applications of this state to future experiments, as a pathway for populating the lowest vibrational levels of the a state as well as the X state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayita Banerjee
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Lemeshko
- a ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
| | - Roman V. Krems
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
- d Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , BC V6T 1Z1, Vancouver , Canada
| | - John M. Doyle
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- e Departments of Chemistry and Physics , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , 47907 , USA
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14
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Banerjee J, Rahmlow D, Carollo R, Bellos M, Eyler EE, Gould PL, Stwalley WC. Spectroscopy of the double minimum 3 (3)ΠΩ electronic state of 39K85Rb. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:164302. [PMID: 23635133 DOI: 10.1063/1.4801441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the observation and analysis of the 3 (3)ΠΩ double-minimum electronic excited state of (39)K(85)Rb. The spin-orbit components (0(+), 0(-), 1, and 2) of this state are investigated based on potentials developed from the available ab initio potential curves. We have assigned the vibrational levels v' = 2-11 of the 3 (3)Π1,2 potentials and v' = 2-12 of the 3(3)Π0(+/-) potential. We compare our experimental observations of the 3 (3)ΠΩ state with predictions based on theoretical potentials. The observations are based on resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of ultracold KRb in vibrational levels v" = 14-25 of the a (3)Σ(+) state. These a-state ultracold molecules are formed by photoassociation of ultracold (39)K and (85)Rb atoms to the 5(1) state of KRb followed by spontaneous emission to the a state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayita Banerjee
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA.
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15
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Ulmanis J, Deiglmayr J, Repp M, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Ultracold Molecules Formed by Photoassociation: Heteronuclear Dimers, Inelastic Collisions, and Interactions with Ultrashort Laser Pulses. Chem Rev 2012; 112:4890-927. [PMID: 22931226 DOI: 10.1021/cr300215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juris Ulmanis
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Deiglmayr
- Laboratorium für Physikalische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse
10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Repp
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Weidemüller
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Goulven Quéméner
- JILA, University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO 80309-0440, United States
| | - Paul S. Julienne
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST
and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8423,
United States
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17
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Yang Y, Liu X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Jia S. Rovibrational Dynamics of RbCs on its Lowest 1,3Σ+ Potential Curves Calculated by Coupled Cluster Method with All-Electron Basis Set. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11101-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp303975x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics
and Quantum
Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics
and Quantum
Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yanting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics
and Quantum
Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics
and Quantum
Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics
and Quantum
Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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18
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Stwalley WC, Bellos M, Carollo R, Banerjee J, Bermudez M. Shortcuts for understanding rovibronic spectroscopy of ultracold alkali metal diatomic molecules. Mol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.676680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Huber SD, Büchler HP. Dipole-interaction-mediated laser cooling of polar molecules to ultracold temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:193006. [PMID: 23003035 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.193006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to design a finite decay rate for excited rotational states in polar molecules. The setup is based on a hybrid system of polar molecules with atoms driven into a Rydberg state. The atoms and molecules are coupled via the strong dipolar exchange interaction between two rotation levels of the polar molecule and two Rydberg states. Such a controllable decay rate opens the way to optically pump the hyperfine levels of polar molecules and it enables the application of conventional laser cooling techniques for cooling polar molecules into quantum degeneracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Huber
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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20
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Ashman S, McGeehan B, Wolfe CM, Faust C, Richter K, Jones J, Hickman AP, Huennekens J. Experimental studies of the NaCs 5(3)Π0 and 1(a)3Σ+ states. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:114313. [PMID: 22443770 DOI: 10.1063/1.3689388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report high resolution measurements of 372 NaCs 5(3)Π(0)(v, J) ro-vibrational level energies in the range 0 ≤ v ≤ 22. The data have been used to construct NaCs 5(3)Π(0) potential energy curves using the Rydberg-Klein-Rees and inverted perturbation approximation methods. Bound-free 5(3)Π(0)(v, J) → 1(a)(3)Σ(+) emission has also been measured, and is used to determine the repulsive wall of the 1(a)(3)Σ(+) state and the 5(3)Π(0) → 1(a)(3)Σ(+) relative transition dipole moment function. Hyperfine structure in the 5(3)Π(0) state has not been observed in this experiment. This null result is explained using a simple vector coupling model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashman
- Department of Physics, 16 Memorial Dr. East, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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21
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Kim JT, Lee Y, Kim B, Wang D, Stwalley WC, Gould PL, Eyler EE. Spectroscopic analysis of the coupled 1(1)Π, 2(3)Σ+ (Ω = 0-, 1), and b(3)Π (Ω = 0±, 1, 2) states of the KRb molecule using both ultracold molecules and molecular beam experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18755-61. [PMID: 21829828 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the spectroscopic characterization of excited electronic states of KRb by combining spectra from molecular beam (MB) experiments with those from ultracold molecules (UM) formed by photoassociation (PA) of ultracold atoms. Spectra involving the 1(1)Π, 2(3)Σ(+), and b(3)Π states in a strongly perturbed region have been identified. This approach provides a powerful method to identify the vibrational levels of the excited electronic states perturbed globally by neighboring electronic states. This is because the two sets of spectra from the UM and the MB experiments probe the same energy region from very different initial electronic states. The UM experiments utilize high v'' levels of the a(3)Σ(+) state with large internuclear separations, while the MB experiments utilize low v'' levels of the ground X(1)Σ(+) state with near-equilibrium internuclear separations. Only the Ω = 1 levels of the 2(3)Σ(+) and b(3)Π states are observed in the MB spectra, while the Ω = 0(-), 1 levels of the 2(3)Σ(+) state and the Ω = 0(±), 1, 2 levels of the b(3)Π state are observed in the UM spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Dept. of Photonic Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea.
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22
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Dalmonte M, Zoller P, Pupillo G. Trimer liquids and crystals of polar molecules in coupled wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:163202. [PMID: 22107379 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.163202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate pairing and crystalline instabilities of bosonic and fermionic polar molecules confined to a ladder geometry. Combining analytical and numerical techniques, we show that gases of composite molecular dimers as well as trimers can be stabilized as a function of the density difference between the wires. A shallow optical lattice can pin both liquids, realizing crystals of composite bosons and fermions. We show that these exotic quantum phases are robust against conditions of confinement of the molecular gas to harmonic finite-size potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dalmonte
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bologna and INFN, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Ivanova M, Stein A, Pashov A, Knöckel H, Tiemann E. The X 1Σ+ state of LiRb studied by Fourier-transform spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:024321. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3524312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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24
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Tomza M, Pawłowski F, Jeziorska M, Koch CP, Moszynski R. Formation of ultracold SrYb molecules in an optical lattice by photoassociation spectroscopy: theoretical prospects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18893-904. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21196j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Dalmonte M, Pupillo G, Zoller P. One-dimensional quantum liquids with power-law interactions: the Luttinger staircase. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:140401. [PMID: 21230815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.140401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We study one-dimensional fermionic and bosonic gases with repulsive power-law interactions 1/|x|(β), with β>1, in the framework of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) theory. We obtain an accurate analytical expression linking the TLL parameter to the microscopic Hamiltonian, for arbitrary β and strength of the interactions. In the presence of a small periodic potential, power-law interactions make the TLL unstable towards the formation of a cascade of lattice solids with fractional filling, a "Luttinger staircase." Several of these quantum phases and phase transitions are realized with ground state polar molecules and weakly bound magnetic Feshbach molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dalmonte
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bologna and INFN, via Irnerio 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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26
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Capogrosso-Sansone B, Trefzger C, Lewenstein M, Zoller P, Pupillo G. Quantum phases of cold polar molecules in 2D optical lattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:125301. [PMID: 20366541 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.125301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We study the quantum phases of hard-core bosonic polar molecules on a two-dimensional square lattice interacting via repulsive dipole-dipole interactions. In the limit of small tunneling, we find evidence for a devil's staircase, where Mott solids appear at rational fillings of the lattice. For finite tunneling, we establish the existence of extended regions of parameters where the ground state is a supersolid, obtained by doping the solids either with particles or vacancies. We discuss the effects of finite temperature and finite-size confining potentials as relevant to experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Capogrosso-Sansone
- ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center of Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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27
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Abstract
This review summarizes progress in coherent control as well as relevant recent achievements, highlighting, among several different schemes of coherent control, wave-packet interferometry (WPI). WPI is a fundamental and versatile scenario used to control a variety of quantum systems with a sequence of short laser pulses whose relative phase is finely adjusted to control the interference of electronic or nuclear wave packets (WPs). It is also useful in retrieving quantum information such as the amplitudes and phases of eigenfunctions superposed to generate a WP. Experimental and theoretical efforts to retrieve both the amplitude and phase information are recounted. This review also discusses information processing based on the eigenfunctions of atoms and molecules as one of the modern and future applications of coherent control. The ultrafast coherent control of ultracold atoms and molecules and the coherent control of complex systems are briefly discussed as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ohmori
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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28
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29
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Grochola A, Pashov A, Deiglmayr J, Repp M, Tiemann E, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Photoassociation spectroscopy of the B [sup 1]Π state of LiCs. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:054304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3180820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Ospelkaus S, Ni KK, de Miranda MHG, Neyenhuis B, Wang D, Kotochigova S, Julienne PS, Jin DS, Ye J. Ultracold polar molecules near quantum degeneracy. Faraday Discuss 2009; 142:351-9; discussion 429-61. [DOI: 10.1039/b821298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Ni KK, Ospelkaus S, Nesbitt DJ, Ye J, Jin DS. A dipolar gas of ultracold molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:9626-39. [DOI: 10.1039/b911779b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Gorshkov AV, Rabl P, Pupillo G, Micheli A, Zoller P, Lukin MD, Büchler HP. Suppression of inelastic collisions between polar molecules with a repulsive shield. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:073201. [PMID: 18764530 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.073201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We propose and analyze a technique that allows one to suppress inelastic collisions and simultaneously enhance elastic interactions between cold polar molecules. The main idea is to cancel the leading dipole-dipole interaction with a suitable combination of static electric and microwave fields in such a way that the remaining van der Waals-type potential forms a three-dimensional repulsive shield. We analyze the elastic and inelastic scattering cross sections relevant for evaporative cooling of polar molecules and discuss the prospect for the creation of stable crystalline structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Gorshkov
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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33
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Ferber R, Klincare I, Nikolayeva O, Tamanis M, Knöckel H, Tiemann E, Pashov A. The ground electronic state of KCs studied by Fourier transform spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:244316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2943677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Kollath C, Meyer JS, Giamarchi T. Dipolar bosons in a planar array of one-dimensional tubes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:130403. [PMID: 18517922 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.130403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 12/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate bosonic atoms or molecules interacting via dipolar interactions in a planar array of one-dimensional tubes. We consider the situation in which the dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the tubes by an external field. We find various quantum phases reaching from a "sliding Luttinger liquid" phase to a two-dimensional charge density wave ordered phase. Two different kinds of charge density wave order occur: a stripe phase in which the bosons in different tubes are aligned and a checkerboard phase. We further point out how to distinguish the occurring phases experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kollath
- DPMC-MaNEP, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland and Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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35
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Pupillo G, Griessner A, Micheli A, Ortner M, Wang DW, Zoller P. Cold atoms and molecules in self-assembled dipolar lattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:050402. [PMID: 18352346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.050402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study the realization of lattice models, where cold atoms and molecules move as extra particles in a dipolar crystal of trapped polar molecules. The crystal is a self-assembled floating mesoscopic lattice structure with quantum dynamics given by phonons. We show that within an experimentally accessible parameter regime extended Hubbard models with tunable long-range phonon-mediated interactions describe the effective dynamics of dressed particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pupillo
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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36
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Kleinert J, Haimberger C, Zabawa PJ, Bigelow NP. Trapping of ultracold polar molecules with a thin-wire electrostatic trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:143002. [PMID: 17930666 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.143002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe the realization of a dc electric-field trap for ultracold polar molecules, the thin-wire electrostatic trap (TWIST). The thin wires that form the electrodes of the TWIST allow us to superimpose the trap onto a magneto-optical trap (MOT). In our experiment, ultracold polar NaCs molecules in their electronic ground state are created in the MOT via photoassociation, achieving a continuous accumulation in the TWIST of molecules in low-field seeking states. Initial measurements show that the TWIST trap lifetime is limited only by the background pressure in the chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kleinert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and The Laboratory for Laser Energetics, The University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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37
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Soldán P, Spirko V. Tuning ab initio data to scattering length: The aΣ+3 state of KRb. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:121101. [PMID: 17902885 DOI: 10.1063/1.2790004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interaction energies for the lowest triplet state a (3)Sigma(+) of KRb are calculated using high level ab initio methods. The interaction energies are then morphed so that the resulting potential energy curve yields 32 bound states and the correct scattering length for (40)K(87)Rb. Calculated vibrational spacings are shown to be in very good agreement with the available experimental Fourier transform and photoassociation vibrational data, but a different numbering scheme has to be used for the experimental vibrational assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Soldán
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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38
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Jing H, Cheng J, Meystre P. Coherent atom-trimer conversion in a repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:133002. [PMID: 17930584 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.133002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We show that the use of a generalized atom-molecule dark state permits the enhanced coherent creation of triatomic molecules in a repulsive atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, with further enhancement being possible in the case of heteronuclear trimers via the constructive interference between two chemical reaction channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jing
- B2 Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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39
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Iskin M, Sá de Melo CAR. Ultracold heteronuclear molecules and ferroelectric superfluids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:110402. [PMID: 17930415 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.110402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the possibility of a ferroelectric transition in heteronuclear molecules consisting of Bose-Bose, Bose-Fermi, or Fermi-Fermi atom pairs. This transition is characterized by the appearance of a spontaneous electric polarization below a critical temperature. We discuss the existence of a ferroelectric Fermi liquid phase for Fermi molecules and the existence of a ferroelectric superfluid phase for Bose molecules characterized by the coexistence of ferroelectric and superfluid orders. Lastly, we propose an experiment to detect ferroelectric correlations through the observation of coherent dipole radiation pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iskin
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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40
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Sawyer BC, Lev BL, Hudson ER, Stuhl BK, Lara M, Bohn JL, Ye J. Magnetoelectrostatic trapping of ground state OH molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:253002. [PMID: 17678020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.253002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We report magnetic confinement of neutral, ground state OH at a density of approximately 3 x 10(3) cm(-3) and temperature of approximately 30 mK. An adjustable electric field sufficiently large to polarize the OH is superimposed on the trap in various geometries, making an overall potential arising from both Zeeman and Stark effects. An effective molecular Hamiltonian is constructed, with Monte Carlo simulations accurately modeling the observed single-molecule dynamics in various trap configurations. Magnetic trapping of cold polar molecules under adjustable electric fields may enable study of low energy dipolar interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Sawyer
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Colorado, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
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41
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Büchler HP, Demler E, Lukin M, Micheli A, Prokof'ev N, Pupillo G, Zoller P. Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: controlling the shape of the interaction potential. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:060404. [PMID: 17358920 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.060404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We discuss techniques to tune and shape the long-range part of the interaction potentials in quantum gases of bosonic polar molecules by dressing rotational excitations with static and microwave fields. This provides a novel tool towards engineering strongly correlated quantum phases in combination with low-dimensional trapping geometries. As an illustration, we discuss the 2D superfluid-crystal quantum phase transition for polar molecules interacting via an electric-field-induced dipole-dipole potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Büchler
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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42
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Beuc R, Movre M, Horvatić B, Pichler G. Predictions of absorption bands for RbCs on helium clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Papp SB, Wieman CE. Observation of heteronuclear Feshbach molecules from a 85Rb-87Rb gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:180404. [PMID: 17155521 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.180404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of ultracold heteronuclear Feshbach molecules. Starting with a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate and a cold atomic gas of 85Rb, we utilize previously unobserved interspecies Feshbach resonances to create up to 25,000 molecules. Even though the 85Rb gas is nondegenerate, we observe a large molecular conversion efficiency due to the presence of a quantum degenerate 87Rb gas; this represents a key feature of our system. We compare the molecule creation at two different Feshbach resonances with different magnetic-field widths. The two Feshbach resonances are located at 265.44+/-0.15 G and 372.4+/-1.3 G. We also directly measure the small binding energy of the molecules through resonant magnetic-field association.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Papp
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
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44
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Zaharova J, Nikolayeva O, Tamanis M, Auzinsh M, Ferber R, Zaitsevskii A, Pazyuk EA, Stolyarov AV. Experimental and theoretical studies of Λ doublings and permanent electric dipoles in the low-lying Π1 states of NaCs. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:184318. [PMID: 16709117 DOI: 10.1063/1.2196407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present experimental data on the electric permanent dipole moments d(v',J') and lambda splittings (q factors) in the quasidegenerate (3) 1pi(e/f) state of the NaCs molecule over a wide range of the vibrational (v') and rotational (J') quantum numbers by using the combination of dc Stark mixing and electric radio frequency-optical double resonance methods. Within the experimental (3) 1pi state v' ranged from v' = 0 to 34, q values exhibited a pronounced decrease from 7.91x10(-6) to 0.47x10(-6) cm(-1), while absolute value(d) values varied between 8.0 and 5.0 D. Experimental evaluation yielded small d values about 1 D for D2 1pi state v' < 3 levels. The experiment is supported by ab initio electronic structure calculations performed for the (1-3) 1pi states of NaCs by means of the many-body multipartitioning perturbation theory of potential energy curves, permanent dipole, and angular coupling matrix elements for the lowest singlet states. The predicted d values reproduce their experimental counterparts within the measurement errors while theoretical q factors reproduce the measured v' dependence being, however, systematically overestimated by ca. 1x10(-6) cm(-1). The present NaCs data are compared with those of the NaK and NaRb molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zaharova
- Department of Physics, University of Latvia, Riga LV-1586, Latvia
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45
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Docenko O, Tamanis M, Zaharova J, Ferber R, Pashov A, Knöckel H, Tiemann E. High resolution spectroscopy and potential determination of the (3)Π1 state of NaCs. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:174310. [PMID: 16689574 DOI: 10.1063/1.2189237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The (3)(1)Pi state of the NaCs molecule was studied by high resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. The (3)(1)Pi-->X (1)Sigma(+) laser induced fluorescence was excited by an Ar(+) ion laser or by a single-mode frequency-doubled cw Nd:YAG laser. The presence of argon buffer gas yielded rich rotational relaxation spectra allowing to enlarge the data set for the (3)(1)Pi state term values, as well as to observe Lambda splittings in a wide range of vibrational (v(')) and rotational (J(')) quantum numbers. The data field includes about 820 energy levels of (3)(1)Pi NaCs in the range from v(')=0 to 37 and from J(')=3 to 190, which corresponds to ca. 95% of the potential well depth. Direct fit of the potential energy curve to the level energies is realized using the inverted perturbation approach method; a set of Dunham coefficients is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Docenko
- Department of Physics, University of Latvia, Rainis Boulevard 19, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia
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46
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Brown BL, Dicks AJ, Walmsley IA. Coherent control of ultracold molecule dynamics in a magneto-optical trap by use of chirped femtosecond laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:173002. [PMID: 16712293 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the effects of chirped femtosecond laser pulses on the formation of ultracold molecules in a Rb magneto-optical trap. We have found that application of chirped femtosecond pulses suppressed the formation of (85)Rb and (87)Rb(2) a(3)sigma(+)(u) molecules in contrast to comparable nonchirped pulses, cw illumination, and background formation rates. Variation of the amount of chirp indicated that this suppression is coherent in nature, suggesting that coherent control is likely to be useful for manipulating the dynamics of ultracold quantum molecular gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Brown
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK.
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47
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Zahzam N, Vogt T, Mudrich M, Comparat D, Pillet P. Atom-molecule collisions in an optically trapped gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:023202. [PMID: 16486571 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.023202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cold inelastic collisions between confined cesium (Cs) atoms and Cs2 molecules are investigated inside a CO2 laser dipole trap. Inelastic atom-molecule collisions can be observed and measured with a rate coefficient of approximately 2.6 x 10(-11) cm3 s(-1), mainly independent of the molecular rovibrational state populated. Lifetimes of purely atomic and molecular samples are essentially limited by rest gas collisions. The pure molecular trap lifetime ranges 0.3-1 s, 4 times smaller than the atomic one, as is also observed in a pure magnetic trap. We give an estimation of the inelastic molecule-molecule collision rate to be approximately 10(-11) cm3 s(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zahzam
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Campus d'Orsay Bâtiment 505, 91405 Orsay, France
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48
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Pedri P, Santos L. Two-dimensional bright solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:200404. [PMID: 16384040 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the physics of bright solitons in 2D dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. These solitons, which are not possible in short-range interacting gases, constitute the first realistic proposal of fully mobile stable 2D solitons in ultracold gases. In particular, we discuss the necessary conditions for the existence of stable 2D bright solitary waves by means of a 3D analysis of the lowest-lying excitations. We show that the anisotropy of the dipolar potential is crucial, since sufficiently large dipolar interactions can destabilize the 2D soliton. Additionally, we study the scattering of solitary waves, which, contrary to the contact-interacting case, is inelastic and could lead to fusion of the waves. Finally, the experimental possibilities for observability are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pedri
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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49
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Kotochigova S, Tiesinga E. Ab initio relativistic calculation of the RbCs molecule. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:174304. [PMID: 16375525 DOI: 10.1063/1.2107607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We apply the relativistic configuration-interaction valence-bond method to calculate various characteristics of the alkali-metal RbCs dimer. These include the electronic potentials and transition dipole moments between the ground and first excited states and permanent dipole moments of the X 1sigma+ and a 3sigma+ states of the ground configuration. In addition, we estimate the lifetime of the rovibrational levels of the X state due to blackbody radiation. These data can help experimentalists to optimize photoassociative formation of ultracold RbCs molecules and their longevity in a trap or in an optical lattice. Extended basis sets, constructed from Dirac-Fock and Sturm's orbitals, have been used to ensure convergence of our calculations. We compare our data with other theoretical and experimental results when they were available.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kotochigova
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
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50
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Rieger T, Junglen T, Rangwala SA, Pinkse PWH, Rempe G. Continuous loading of an electrostatic trap for polar molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:173002. [PMID: 16383826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A continuously operated electrostatic trap for polar molecules is demonstrated. The trap has a volume of approximately 0.6 cm3 and holds molecules with a positive Stark shift. With deuterated ammonia from a quadrupole velocity filter, a trap density of approximately 10(8) cm(-3) is achieved with an average lifetime of 130 ms and a motional temperature of approximately 300 mK. The trap offers good starting conditions for high-precision measurements, and can be used as a first stage in cooling schemes for molecules and as a "reaction vessel" in cold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rieger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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