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Mahmoud AM, Reyad AM, Khalaf MH, Sheteiwy MS, Dawood MFA, El-Sawah AM, Shaban Ahmed E, Malik A, Al-Qahtani WH, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Mousa NHS, Alyafei M, AbdElgawad H. Investigating the Endophyte Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 Strain as a Potential Bioinoculant to Enhance the Yield, Nutritive Value, and Chemical Composition of Different Cultivars of Anise ( Pimpinella anisum L.) Seeds. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:553. [PMID: 39194491 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds have various nutritional and therapeutic benefits and are thus considered a valuable addition to animal and human health. Hence, in this study, we aimed to induce the nutritive and biological value of anise seeds. To this end, the potential biofortification effect of the endophytic Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 strain, isolated during the fall of 2023 from the medicinal plant Achyranthes aspera, exhibiting natural distribution in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia, was investigated in four varieties of anise seeds from Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, and Morocco. Results revealed significant increments (p < 0.05) in the seed dry weight percentage (DW%) and oil yields. In line with increased biomass accumulation, the metabolism of the primary and secondary metabolites was increased. There were differential increases in proteins, sugars, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, vitamins (e.g., β-carotene, ascorbic acid), and essential oil components (e.g., phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes), along with their precursor phenylalanine. Consistently, the activity of L-phenylalanine aminolyase (PAL) was increased in the Egyptian and Tunisian varieties at 83.88% and 77.19%, respectively, while 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) activity increased in all varieties, with a significant 179.31% rise in the Egyptian variety. These findings highlight the beneficial effects of Actinomycetota sp. JW0824 as a bioinoculant for anise seeds, suggesting its potential application in agricultural practices to improve seed yield and quality. Further field trials are recommended to assess the commercial viability of this endophyte for enhancing anise seed production and potentially benefiting other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mahmoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Reyad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Maha H Khalaf
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mona F A Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Sawah
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Enas Shaban Ahmed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 270677, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 270677, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 270677, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nermien H S Mousa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alyafei
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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Han K, Lai M, Zhao T, Yang X, An X, Chen Z. Plant YABBY transcription factors: a review of gene expression, biological functions, and prospects. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38830825 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2344576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors often contain several different functional regions, including DNA-binding domains, and play an important regulatory role in plant growth, development, and the response to external stimuli. YABYY transcription factors are plant-specific and contain two special domains (N-terminal C2C2 zinc-finger and C-terminal helix-loop-helix domains) that are indispensable. Specifically, YABBY transcription factors play key roles in maintaining the polarity of the adaxial-abaxial axis of leaves, as well as in regulating: vegetative and reproductive growth, hormone response, stress resistance, and secondary metabolite synthesis in plants. Recently, the identification and functional verification of YABBY transcription factors in different plants has increased. On this basis, we summarize recent advances in the: identification, classification, expression patterns, and functions of the YABBY transcription factor family. The normal expression and function of YABBY transcription factors rely on a regulatory network that is established through the interaction of YABBY family members with other genes. We discuss the interaction network of YABBY transcription factors during leaf polarity establishment and floral organ development. This article provides a reference for research on YABBY function, plant genetic improvement, and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Han
- State Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lai
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin An
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Mu Z, Liang Z, Yang J, Wei S, Zhao Y, Zhou H. Identification and analysis of MATE protein family in Gleditsia sinensis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23249. [PMID: 38621016 DOI: 10.1071/fp23249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) is a new secondary transporter family that plays a key role in secondary metabolite transport, the transport of plant hormones and disease resistance in plants. However, detailed information on this family in Gleditsia sinensis has not yet been reported. In the present study, a total of 45 GsMATE protein members were identified and analysed in detail, including with gene classification, phylogenetic evaluation and conserved motif determination. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GsMATE proteins were divided into six subfamilies. Additionally, in order to understand these members' regulatory roles in growth and development in G. sinensis , the GsMATEs expression profiles in different tissues and different developmental stages of thorn were examined in transcriptome data. The results of this study demonstrated that the expression of all MATE genes varies in roots, stems and leaves. Notably, the expression levels of GsMATE26 , GsMATE32 and GsMATE43 differ most in the early stages of thorn development, peaking at higher levels than in later stages. Our results provide a foundation for further functional characterisation of this important class of transporter family in G. sinensis .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisiye Mu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhun Liang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shixiang Wei
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Heying Zhou
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Liu H, An X, Liu X, Yang S, Liu Y, Wei X, Li X, Chen Q, Wang J. Molecular mechanism of salinity and waterlogging tolerance in mangrove Kandelia obovata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1354249. [PMID: 38384752 PMCID: PMC10879410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1354249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Mangrove forests are colloquially referred to as "Earth's kidneys" and serve many important ecological and commercial functions. Salinity and waterlogging stress are the most important abiotic stressors restricting the growth and development of mangroves. Kandelia obovata (K. obovata) is the greatest latitudinally-distributed salt mangrove species in China.Here, morphology and transcriptomics were used to study the response of K. obovata to salt and waterlogging stress. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis of the combined gene expression and phenotypic datasets was used to identify core salinity- and waterlogging-responsive modules. In this study, we observed that both high salinity and waterlogging significantly inhibited growth and development in K. obovata. Notably, growth was negatively correlated with salt concentration and positively correlated with waterlogging duration, and high salinity was significantly more inhibitive than waterlogging. A total of 7, 591 salt-responsive and 228 waterlogging-responsive differentially expressed genes were identified by RNA sequencing. Long-term salt stress was highly correlated with the measured physiological parameters while long-term waterlogging was poorly correlated with these traits. At the same time, 45 salinity-responsive and 16 waterlogging-responsive core genes were identified. All 61 core genes were mainly involved in metabolic and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathways. This study provides valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of salinity and waterlogging tolerance in K. obovata, as well as a useful genetic resource for the improvement of mangrove stress tolerance using molecular breeding techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizi Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xia An
- Zhejiang Xiaoshan Institute of Cotton and Bast Fiber Crops, Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Chen
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinwang Wang
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
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Brahim Mahamat O, Younes S, Otchom BB, Franzel S, Ouchar Mahamat Hidjazi AD, Soumaya EI. A Review on Medicinal and Ethnomedicinal Uses, Biological Features, and Phytochemical Constituents of Sesbania sesban L. Merr., A Nitrogen-Fixing Plant Native to the Republic of Chad. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:1225999. [PMID: 38268744 PMCID: PMC10807938 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1225999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reports on a literature review of the leguminous tree Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr which is found in the N'djamena region, the Republic of Chad. The study focused on S. sesban's medicinal and ethnomedicinal uses, biological features, and phytochemical constituents to assist in future evaluations. A literature review was conducted using academic websites, such as Science Direct and Springer, online international plant databases, and data from national herbaria. S. sesban is a perennial shrub or tree that measures 3-4 m in height. This species is becoming rare in N'djamena but can be found in the rainy season, while in winter, it occurs mainly in ponds (called the Chadian dialect "Bouta") and on the shores of the Chari and Logone rivers. The local inhabitants in Chad use the species as medicine, livestock feed, and fuelwood and for improving soil fertility and repelling desert encroachment. Traditional healers use its leaves to treat breast cancer and edema. S. sesban is an essential species native to the Republic of Chad that needs conservation and valorization. Viewing its importance and rarity in N'djamena , a strategy for replanting the species in gardens, homes, and fields around N'djamena and other regions of Chad is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousman Brahim Mahamat
- Laboratory of Biology, Ecology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco
- National Federation Associations of Healers and Practitioners of Medicine, The Ministry of Public Health of Chad, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - Saoud Younes
- Laboratory of Biology, Ecology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Brahim Boy Otchom
- Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FSSH), University of N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Chad
- Toumaï University of N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Chad
| | | | - Al-Djazouli Ouchar Mahamat Hidjazi
- Faculty of Exact Applied Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, N'Djamena University, N'Djamena, Chad
- Laboratory of Geology and Oceanology, Geology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - El ismaili Soumaya
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, Civil Engineering Department, National School of Applied Sciences ENSA-Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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Yang X, Nabi Mandal MS, Diao H, Du J, Pu X, Li X, Yang J, Zeng Y, Li Z, Li J, Hossain A, Ali MK. Geographic differences and variation of functional components of brown rice in 690 mini-core collections from global germplasms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23035. [PMID: 38149206 PMCID: PMC10750027 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To understand the geographic differences and variations in the functional components of brown rice cores collected from global rice germplasms. Methods Four functional components, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), resistant starch (RS), total flavonoids, and alkaloids, in brown rice from 690 mini-core collections from 31 countries from five continents and the International Rice Research Institute, were analyzed using a spectrophotometry colorimetric method, and the results were statistically validated. Conclusion The highest average amounts of functional components were obtained in Asian germplasms, except for GABA, and total flavonoids were highest in brown rice from Europe and Oceania, followed by Asia. The highest coefficient of variation for GABA was observed in Asia; that for RS and total flavonoids was observed in Africa, followed by Asia; and that for alkaloids was observed in America, followed by Asia. Overall, Asian countries were the most prominent and representative zones with the highest genotypic potential for functional components of brown rice. Forty-one rice accessions with enriched functional components originated mostly from biodiversity-rich areas in China, followed by those in the Philippines. Late sowing favored the enrichment of these components in brown rice. The current study provides a reference for rice breeding with enriched functional constituents, and guidelines for screening functional rice that could be used for human chronic disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Md Siddikun Nabi Mandal
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
- Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Henan Diao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, Heilongjiang, 164300, China
| | - Juan Du
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Xia Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Scientific Observation Station of Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Zichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Kazim Ali
- Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
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Yuan Y, Zhang W, Pang J, Zhou M, Liu J, Zhao J, Sui J, Huang D, Yang M. Integrated physiological and metabolomic analyses reveal changes during the natural senescence of Quercus mongolica leaves. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289272. [PMID: 37611226 PMCID: PMC10446833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercus mongolica is a common landscape, afforestation, and construction timber species in northern China with high ecological, economic, and ornamental value. Leaf senescence is a complex process that has important implications for plant growth and development. To explore changes of metabolites during the ageing of Quercus mongolica leaves, we investigated physiological responses and metabolite composition in ageing leaves harvested from 15-20-year-old Quercus mongolica. Leaf samples of Q. mongolica were collected when they were still green (at maturity) (stage 1), during early senescence (stage 2), and during late senescence (stage 3). These leaves were then subjected to physiological index and metabolome sequencing analyses. The physiological analysis showed that the leaves of Q. mongolica changed from green to yellow during senescence, which induced significant accumulation of soluble sugar and significant reductions in the concentration of soluble protein and chlorophyll. Peroxidase and catalase were the main antioxidant enzymes mitigating leaf senescence. Metabolomic analysis identified 797 metabolites during leaf senescence. Compared to stage 1, 70 differential metabolites were screened in stage 2 and 72 were screened in stage 3. Differential metabolites in the two senescent stages were principally enriched in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The contents of N-oleoylethanolamine and N, N-dimethylglycine were significantly increased only in stage 2, while the contents of trifolin, astragalin, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and citric acid were significantly increased only in stage 3. Histidine, homoserine, tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, norleucine, N-glycyl-L-leucine, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, gallic acid, 3-indoleacrylic acid, 3-amino-2-naphthoic acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentane-1,5-dioic acid, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, trifolin, astragalin, DL-2-aminoadipic acid, pinoresinol dimethyl ether, dimethylmatairesinol, and lysophosphatidylcholine increased during both stage 2 and stage 3. Increasing contents of these metabolites may constitute the main mechanism by which Q. mongolica leaves adapt to senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchen Yuan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jiushuai Pang
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jianying Liu
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jinming Sui
- Meteorological Bureau of Yi County, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Dazhuang Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- College of Forestry, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Abdelgawad SM, Hetta MH, Ibrahim MA, Fawzy GA, El-Askary HI, Ross SA. Holistic Overview of the Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities of Egyptian Riverhemp [ Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.]: A Review. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231160882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. (Family: Fabaceae), commonly known as Egyptian riverhemp, is a well-known plant widely distributed through Egypt, the rest of Africa and Asia. S. sesban leaves have been traditionally used as an anthelmintic, demulcent, purgative, and anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of eczema, in addition to its agricultural uses. Objective: The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive account of the isolated constituents from S. sesban leaves, along with the correlation between those constituents and the reported biological activities. Methods: This search was performed using SciFinder, Google, Google Scholar, and CrossRef websites using the following keywords: “ Sesbania sesban,” “ Sesbania aegyptiaca,” “Egyptian riverhemp,” “phytochemistry,” “phytochemical constituents,” “isolation,” “steroids,” “triterpenoids,” “saponins,” “coumarins,” “lipoidal contents,” “pharmacological properties,” “biological activities,” “therapeutic uses,” and “review.” Results: S. sesban leaves exhibited several therapeutic potentials such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anthelmintic, molluscicidal, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, anticancer, antianxiety, and mosquito repellant properties. An updated chemical study of S. sesban leaves has provided a variety of essential metabolites belonging to different chemical classes including steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, coumarins, lipids, and other miscellaneous compounds. The correlations between biological activities and phytoconstituents are discussed. Conclusion: This article represents an updated comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical and biological studies of S. sesban leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M. Abdelgawad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mona H. Hetta
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Ghada A. Fawzy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hesham I. El-Askary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samir A. Ross
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Juwitaningsih T, Roza D, Silaban S, Hermawati E, Windayani N. Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity of Coffee parasite acetone extract (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb). PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e91427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to perform a phytochemical screening and test the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of acetone extracts of the Coffee parasite (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb). A phytochemical screen was performed using specific reagents. Antimicrobial testing was performed using the paper disc diffusion method. The antioxidant activity test used the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Anticancer activity test against HeLa and A549 cells based on the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay method. Acetone extract L. ferrugineus Roxb contains alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins compounds. The acetone extract of L. ferrugineus Roxb showed activity against all the bacteria tested, with the inhibition zone diameter ranging from 6.2 mm - 11.1 mm. Acetone extract of L. Ferrugineus Roxb had a very strong antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 = 48.7122 µg/mL. The anticancer activity test showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with a value of IC50 = 47.62 µg/mL and for A549 cells with a value of IC50 = 192.83 µg/mL.
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Tian L, Shi J, Yang L, Wei A. Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis of DXS and FPS Genes from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121746. [PMID: 35741944 PMCID: PMC9223008 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. (Z. bungeanum) has attracted attention for its rich aroma. The aroma of Z. bungeanum is mainly volatile terpenes synthesized by plant terpene metabolic pathways. However, there is little information on Z. bungeanum terpene metabolic gene. In this study, the coding sequence of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) were cloned from Z. bungeanum cv. 'Fengxiandahongpao.' ZbDXS and ZbFPS genes from Z. bungeanum with CDS lengths of 2172 bp and 1029 bp, respectively. The bioinformatics results showed that Z. bungeanum was closely related to citrus, and it was deduced that ZbFPS were hydrophilic proteins without the transmembrane domain. Subcellular localization prediction indicated that ZbDXS was most likely to be located in chloroplasts, and ZbFPS was most likely to be in mitochondria. Meanwhile, the 3D protein structure showed that ZbDXS and ZbFPS were mainly composed of α-helices, which were folded into a single domain. In vitro enzyme activity experiments showed that purified proteins ZbDXS and ZbFPS had the functions of DXS enzyme and FPS enzyme. Transient expression of ZbDXS and ZbFPS in tobacco significantly increased tobacco's terpene content. Moreover, ZbDXS and ZbFPS were expressed in different tissues of Z. bungeanum, and the relative expression of the two genes was the highest in fruits. Therefore, this suggests that ZbDXS and ZbFPS are positively related to terpene synthesis. This study could provide reference genes for improving Z. bungeanum breeding as well as for the Rutaceae research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (L.T.); (J.S.); (L.Y.)
- Research Centre for Engineering and Technology of Zanthoxylum State Forestry Administration, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jingwei Shi
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (L.T.); (J.S.); (L.Y.)
- Research Centre for Engineering and Technology of Zanthoxylum State Forestry Administration, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (L.T.); (J.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Anzhi Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (L.T.); (J.S.); (L.Y.)
- Research Centre for Engineering and Technology of Zanthoxylum State Forestry Administration, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8708-2211
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Atak A, Göksel Z, Yılmaz Y. Changes in Major Phenolic Compounds of Seeds, Skins, and Pulps from Various Vitis spp. and the Effect of Powdery and Downy Mildew Diseases on Their Levels in Grape Leaves. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122554. [PMID: 34961024 PMCID: PMC8703439 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to determine the contents of 3 major phenolic compounds (gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin) in 22 different grape cultivars/hybrids obtained from 2 different breeding programs. Additionally, changes in these phenolic components in the grape leaves of some resistant/tolerant species were determined in relation to powdery and downy mildew diseases in viticulture. The skin, pulp, and seeds of grape berries were analysed over two years, while changes in the phenolic contents of grape leaves were determined before and after these diseases for two years. The major phenolic contents of new hybrids/cultivars were compared with those of popular cultivars in different parts of the grapes, and significant differences in phenolic contents were found among hybrids/cultivars and different grape parts. Variations in the contents of phenolics in grape seeds, skins, and pulp were high, but seeds contained higher levels of these phenolics than pulp and skin. Analyses of the relationship between two viticultural diseases and phenolic changes in resistant/tolerant cultivars in relation with the susceptible "Italia" cultivar revealed that an increase in the content of the phenolic compounds was found after powdery mildew disease. Hybrids/cultivars with high phenolic contents are recommended to develop new superior cultivars, which are resistant to grape fungal diseases, in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Atak
- Department of Viticulture, Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Yalova 77102, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Göksel
- Department of Food Quality, Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Yalova 77102, Turkey;
| | - Yusuf Yılmaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15030, Turkey;
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Ceravolo IP, Aguiar AC, Adebayo JO, Krettli AU. Studies on Activities and Chemical Characterization of Medicinal Plants in Search for New Antimalarials: A Ten Year Review on Ethnopharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:734263. [PMID: 34630109 PMCID: PMC8493299 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.734263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is an endemic disease that affected 229 million people and caused 409 thousand deaths, in 2019. Disease control is based on early diagnosis and specific treatment with antimalarial drugs since no effective vaccines are commercially available to prevent the disease. Drug chemotherapy has a strong historical link to the use of traditional plant infusions and other natural products in various cultures. The research based on such knowledge has yielded two drugs in medicine: the alkaloid quinine from Cinchona species, native in the Amazon highland rain forest in South America, and artemisinin from Artemisia annua, a species from the millenary Chinese medicine. The artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), proven to be highly effective against malaria parasites, and considered as “the last bullet to fight drug-resistant malaria parasites,” have limited use now due to the emergence of multidrug resistance. In addition, the limited number of therapeutic options makes urgent the development of new antimalarial drugs. This review focuses on the antimalarial activities of 90 plant species obtained from a search using Pubmed database with keywords “antimalarials,” “plants” and “natural products.” We selected only papers published in the last 10 years (2011–2020), with a further analysis of those which were tested experimentally in malaria infected mice. Most plant species studied were from the African continent, followed by Asia and South America; their antimalarial activities were evaluated against asexual blood parasites, and only one species was evaluated for transmission blocking activity. Only a few compounds isolated from these plants were active and had their mechanisms of action delineated, thereby limiting the contribution of these medicinal plants as sources of novel antimalarial pharmacophores, which are highly necessary for the development of effective drugs. Nevertheless, the search for bioactive compounds remains as a promising strategy for the development of new antimalarials and the validation of traditional treatments against malaria. One species native in South America, Ampelozyzyphus amazonicus, and is largely used against human malaria in Brazil has a prophylactic effect, interfering with the viability of sporozoites in in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela P Ceravolo
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anna C Aguiar
- Departamento de Biociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Joseph O Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Antoniana U Krettli
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Ombito JO, Chi GF, Wansi JD. Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the genus Vepris (Rutaceae): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113622. [PMID: 33246126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of the genus Vepris are used in traditional African pharmacopeia for the treatment of various conditions, including chronic diseases and other parasitic. Further uses are against whooping cough and colic in children and as an antidote against snakebite. Data presented will enable the interested scientists to work on this genus applying the so-called "ethnopharmacologic approach", which may lead towards the discovery of the effective, safe plant medicinal products. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review article aims to collate and analyse the available information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicological aspects of Vepris species in order to explore the trends and perspectives for further studies. METHODOLOGY The present review paper collected the literature published prior to August 2020 on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the genus Vepris. The available information about the genus Vepris was collected via Google Books, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Web of Science, and other internet sources. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org), Plants of the world online (www.plantsoftheworldonline.org), and The Plant List (www.theplantlist.org) databases were used to verify the scientific names and provide distribution information of Vepris species. RESULTS Comprehensive analysis of the literature provided information on ethnopharmacological uses of 30 species out of 83 members in the genus. A total of 213 compounds - predominantly alkaloids - were reported together with results from antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial, antidiabetic, antipyretic, analgesic, insect antifeedant, and toxicity assays. Arborinine (49) and skimmianine (4) isolated from the leaves of V. trichocarpa were tested toxic in rat skeletal myoblast cell line L6, a stable skeletal muscle progenitor cell line, while the leaves of V. heterophylla, the stem bark of V. louisii, and the roots of V. uguenensis were shown to be toxic against model organisms T. castaneum (Tenebrionidae), H. bakeri (Trychostrongylidae), and M. domestica (Muscidae), respectively. In addition, 6,7-methylenedioxy-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-dictamnine (40) isolated from the leaves of a combined sample of V. renieri + V. suaveolens displayed an extremely low IC50 of 0.67 μM against the normal fibroblastic lung cell line MRC-5 indicating high toxicity. Thus, medical use of these plant parts, as well of the stem bark of V. verdoorniana used locally in poison fishing, should be avoided if alternative treatments exist. Furthermore, a good number of significantly in vitro bioactive compounds have been reported from the genus Vepris: against malaria and against microbial infections. CONCLUSIONS Various Vepris species were found to be used in traditional African pharmacopeia. However, few of these species were studied for their bioactive chemical constituents with even fewer bioassay-guided isolation studies being reported. Moreover, detailed pharmacological studies in animal models to explore their mode of action were not reported. Therefore, future studies should focus on these aspects. In addition, we would like to recommend further research on some significantly bioactive crude extracts that were identified in this review: V. leandriana; V. lanceolata; V. nobilis; and V. trichocarpa, as well as those plants reported to be used against chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japheth Omollo Ombito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Godloves Fru Chi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Duplex Wansi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
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Reprogramming plant specialized metabolism by manipulating protein kinases. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:226-239. [PMID: 34377580 PMCID: PMC8209778 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to balance between growth and defense to survive in the harsh environment. The transition from growth to defense is commonly achieved by factors, such as protein kinases (PKs) and transcription factors, that initiate signal transduction and regulate specialized metabolism. Plants produce an array of lineage-specific specialized metabolites for chemical defense and stress tolerance. Some of these molecules are also used by humans as drugs. However, many of these defense-responsive metabolites are toxic to plant cells and inhibitory to growth and development. Plants have, thus, evolved complex regulatory networks to balance the accumulation of the toxic metabolites. Perception of external stimuli is a vital part of the regulatory network. Protein kinase-mediated signaling activates a series of defense responses by phosphorylating the target proteins and translating the stimulus into downstream cellular signaling. As biosynthesis of specialized metabolites is triggered when plants perceive stimuli, a possible connection between PKs and specialized metabolism is well recognized. However, the roles of PKs in plant specialized metabolism have not received much attention until recently. Here, we summarize the recent advances in understanding PKs in plant specialized metabolism. We aim to highlight how the stimulatory signals are transduced, leading to the biosynthesis of corresponding metabolites. We discuss the post-translational regulation of specialized metabolism and provide insights into the mechanisms by which plants respond to the external signals. In addition, we propose possible strategies to increase the production of plant specialized metabolites in biotechnological applications using PKs.
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15
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Zhang X, Chen L, Leng R, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yang S, He K, Huang B. Mechanism study of the beneficial effect of sodium selenite on metabolic disorders in imidacloprid-treated garlic plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110736. [PMID: 32450438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an effective neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI) has been widely used in crop production, but its residue affects normal plant growth. Selenium (Se) is a non-essential mineral nutrient in higher plants, that acts as the active centre of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), which removes harmful peroxides. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which selenium improves the growth status of IMI-treated garlic plants through analyses of apparent morphology and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as the dynamic changes in nutrients and metabolites in the plants. The results showed that 80 μg/kg Na2SeO3 had a strong effect on alleviating the damage in garlic plants exposed to IMI (1.2 mg/kg) by increasing the absorption of mineral elements to enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll and antioxidant enzymes. A nontarget metabolomics analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that the addition of Na2SeO3 to IMI-treated garlic could reconstruct the plant metabolic distribution by enhancing the nitrogen and indole metabolism, maintaining lower concentrations of secondary metabolites and maintaining the balance of the plant energy metabolism. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which garlic plants responds to IMI exposure and suggests the use of selenium with IMI-contaminated plants as a solution for the advancement of sustainable agricultural pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ruyue Leng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Anhui Province Huaxin Biological Medical Co. Ltd., Jieshou, 236501, Anhui, China
| | - Silin Yang
- Anhui Province Huaxin Biological Medical Co. Ltd., Jieshou, 236501, Anhui, China
| | - Kan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Jurić S, Sopko Stracenski K, Król-Kilińska Ż, Žutić I, Uher SF, Đermić E, Topolovec-Pintarić S, Vinceković M. The enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. by encapsulated bioactive agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3737. [PMID: 32111947 PMCID: PMC7048752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulated bioactive agents applied to the Lactuca sativa L. present an innovative approach to stimulate the production of plant secondary metabolites increasing its nutritive value. Calcium and copper ions were encapsulated in biopolymeric microparticles (microspheres and microcapsules) either as single agents or in combination with biocontrol agents, Trichoderma viride spores, a fungal plant growth mediator. Both, calcium and copper ions are directly involved in the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites and alongside, Trichoderma viride can provide indirect stimulation and higher uptake of nutrients. All treatments with microparticles had a positive effect on the enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. The highest increase of chlorophylls, antioxidant activity and phenolic was obtained by calcium-based microparticles in both, conventionally and hydroponically grown lettuces. Non-encapsulated fungus Trichoderma viride enhanced the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites only in hydroponics cultivation signifying the importance of its encapsulation. Encapsulation proved to be simple, sustainable and environmentally favorable for the production of lettuce with increased nutritional quality, which is lettuce fortified with important bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaven Jurić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Żaneta Król-Kilińska
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ivanka Žutić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edyta Đermić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marko Vinceković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Zhao T, Xie Q, Li C, Li C, Mei L, Yu JZ, Chen J, Zhu S. Cotton roots are the major source of gossypol biosynthesis and accumulation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:88. [PMID: 32103722 PMCID: PMC7045692 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gossypol is a specific secondary metabolite in Gossypium species. It not only plays a critical role in development and self-protection of cotton plants, but also can be used as important anti-cancer and male contraceptive compound. However, due to the toxicity of gossypol for human beings and monogastric animals, the consumption of cottonseeds was limited. To date, little is known about the gossypol metabolism in cotton plants. RESULTS In this study, we found that cotyledon was the primary source of gossypol at the seed germination stage. But thereafter, it was mainly originated from developing roots. Grafting between glanded and glandless cotton as well as sunflower rootstocks and cotton scion revealed that gossypol was mainly synthesized in the root systems of cotton plants. And both glanded and glandless cotton roots had the ability of gossypol biosynthesis. But the pigment glands, the main storage of gossypol, had indirect effects on gossypol biosynthesis. In vitro culture of root and rootless seedling confirmed the strong gossypol biosynthesis ability in root system and the relatively weak gossypol biosynthesis ability in other organs of the seedling. Expression profiling of the key genes involved in the gossypol biosynthetic pathway also supported the root as the major organ of gossypol biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study provide evidence that the cotton root system is the major source of gossypol in both glanded and glandless cottons, while other organs have a relatively weak ability to synthesize gossypol. Gossypol biosynthesis is not directed related to the expression of pigment glands, but the presence of pigment glands is essential for gossypol accumulation. These findings can not only clarify the complex regulation network of gossypol metabolism, but it could also accelerate the crop breeding process with enhanced commercial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlun Zhao
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianwen Xie
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Mei
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - John Z Yu
- USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Silva JPRE, Reis MMLD, Santana CP, Medeiros ACDD, Alves HDS. Tacinga inamoena vegetal drug characterization using phytochemistry, pharmacopoeial methods and thermoanalytical techniques. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000118394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Yuan Y, Zhang J, Kallman J, Liu X, Meng M, Lin J. Polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway profiling and putative gene mining of Dendrobium moniliforme using RNA-Seq in different tissues. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:521. [PMID: 31775630 PMCID: PMC6882186 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendrobium moniliforme (Linnaeus) Swartz is a well-known plant used in traditional Chinese medicine due to bioactive constituents. Polysaccharides are the main medicinal ingredients, yet no studies have been published on polysaccharide biosynthesis in D. moniliforme. To comprehensively investigate the polysaccharide at the transcription level, we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for the first time to produce a comprehensive transcriptome of D. moniliforme. RESULTS In our study, a database of 562,580 unigenes (average length = 1115.67 bases) was generated by performing transcriptome sequencing. Based on the gene annotation of the transcriptome, we identified 1204 carbohydrate-active related unigenes against CAZy database, including 417 glycosyltransferase genes (GTs), 780 glycoside hydrolases (GHs), 19 carbohydrate esterases (CEs), 75 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), and 44 polysaccharide lyases (PLs). In the cellulose synthase family, 21 differential expression genes (DEGs) related to polysaccharide were identified. Subsequently, the tissue-specific expression patterns of the genes involved in polysaccharide pathway were investigated, which provide understanding of the biosynthesis and regulation of DMP at the molecular level. The two key enzyme genes (Susy and SPS) involved in the polysaccharide pathway were identified, and their expression patterns in different tissues were further analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. CONCLUSIONS We determined the content of polysaccharides from Dendrobium moniliforme under different tissues, and we obtained a large number of differential genes by transcriptome sequencing. This database provides a pool of candidate genes involved in biosynthesis of polysaccharides in D. moniliforme. Furthermore, the comprehensive analysis and characterization of the significant pathways are expected to give a better insight regarding the diversity of chemical composition, synthetic characteristics, and the regulatory mechanism which operate in this medical herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Yuan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Jinchi Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | | | - Xin Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Miaojing Meng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Jie Lin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
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Fay JV, Watkins CJ, Shrestha RK, Litwiñiuk SL, Talavera Stefani LN, Rojas CA, Argüelles CF, Ferreras JA, Caccamo M, Miretti MM. Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis, A. St.-Hil.) de novo transcriptome assembly based on tissue specific genomic expression profiles. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:891. [PMID: 30526481 PMCID: PMC6286616 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most common infusion in southern Latin-American countries is prepared with dried leaves of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., an aboriginal ancestral beverage known for its high polyphenols concentration currently consumed in > 90% of homes in Argentina, in Paraguay and Uruguay. The economy of entire provinces heavily relies on the production, collection and manufacture of Ilex paraguariensis, the fifth plant species with highest antioxidant activity. Polyphenols are associated to relevant health benefits including strong antioxidant properties. Despite its regional relevance and potential biotechnological applications, little is known about functional genomics and genetics underlying phenotypic variation of relevant traits. By generating tissue specific transcriptomic profiles, we aimed to comprehensively annotate genes in the Ilex paraguariensis phenylpropanoid pathway and to evaluate differential expression profiles. Results In this study we generated a reliable transcriptome assembly based on a collection of 15 RNA-Seq libraries from different tissues of Ilex paraguariensis. A total of 554 million RNA-Seq reads were assembled into 193,897 transcripts, where 24,612 annotated full-length transcripts had complete ORF. We assessed the transcriptome assembly quality, completeness and accuracy using BUSCO and TransRate; consistency was also evaluated by experimentally validating 11 predicted genes by PCR and sequencing. Functional annotation against KEGG Pathway database identified 1395 unigenes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, 531 annotated transcripts corresponded to the phenylpropanoid pathway. The top 30 differentially expressed genes among tissue revealed genes involved in photosynthesis and stress response. These significant differences were then validated by qRT-PCR. Conclusions Our study is the first to provide data from whole genome gene expression profiles in different Ilex paraguariensis tissues, experimentally validating in-silico predicted genes key to the phenylpropanoid (antioxidant) pathway. Our results provide essential genomic data of potential use in breeding programs for polyphenol content. Further studies are necessary to assess if the observed expression variation in the phenylpropanoid pathway annotated genes is related to variations in leaves’ polyphenol content at the population scale. These results set the current reference for Ilex paraguariensis genomic studies and provide a substantial contribution to research and biotechnological applications of phenylpropanoid secondary metabolites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5240-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica V Fay
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Christopher J Watkins
- The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,Present address: Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Ram K Shrestha
- The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,Present address: Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Sergio L Litwiñiuk
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Liliana N Talavera Stefani
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Cristian A Rojas
- Universidad Federal de la Integración Latinoamericana, Foz de Iguazú, PR, Brazil
| | - Carina F Argüelles
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Julian A Ferreras
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Mario Caccamo
- The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,Present address: NIAB, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Marcos M Miretti
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS UNaM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Jujuy 1745, CP3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
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Ke S, Liu XJ, Luan X, Yang W, Zhu H, Liu G, Zhang G, Wang S. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling provides insights into panicle development of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Gene 2018; 675:285-300. [PMID: 29969697 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Panicle architecture is an important component of agronomic trait in rice, which is also a key ingredient that could influence yield and quality of rice. In the panicle growth and development process, there are a series of complicated molecular and cellular events which are regulated by many interlinking genes. In this study, to explore the potential mechanism and identify genes and pathways involved in the formation of rice panicle, we compared the transcriptional profile of rice panicles (NIL-GW8 and NIL-gw8Amol) at three different stages of panicle development: In5 (formation of higher-order branches), In6 (differentiation of glumes) and In7 (differentiation of floral organs). A range of 40.5 to 54.1 million clean reads was aligned to 31,209 genes in our RNA-Seq analysis. In addition, we investigated transcriptomic changes between the two rice lines during different stages. A total of 726, 1121 and 2584 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at stages 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Based on an impact analysis of the DEGs, we hypothesize that MADS-box gene family, cytochrome P450 (CYP) and pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein and various transcription factors may be involved in regulation of panicle development. Further, we also explored the functional properties of DEGs by gene ontology analysis, and the results showed that different numbers of DEGs genes were associated with 53 GO groups. In KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, many DEGs related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and plant hormone signal transduction, suggesting their important roles during panicle development. This study provides the first examination of changes in gene expression between different panicle development stages in rice. Our results of transcriptomic characterization provide important information to elucidate the complex molecular and cellular events about the panicle formation in rice or other cereal crops. Also, the findings will be helpful for the further identification of the genes related to panicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanwen Ke
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin Luan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guifu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guiquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China..
| | - Shaokui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China..
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Pilatti DM, Fortes AMT, Jorge TCM, Boiago NP. Comparison of the phytochemical profiles of five native plant species in two different forest formations. BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 79:233-242. [PMID: 29924133 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.179526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of chemical compounds by individual plants of the same species in different locations may be affected by abiotic factors resulting in differences in the production of allelopathic compounds. The objective of this study was to compare the phytochemical profiles of plant species from two different forest formations in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The forest formations were Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (SSF) and Lowland Ombrophilous Dense Forest (LODF), and the five study species were Jacaranda micrantha, Cecropia pachystachya, Mimosa bimucronata, Schinus terebinthifolius and Cedrela fissilis. Secondary metabolites were extracted by exhaustive extraction with methanol, and the crude extract was fractionated using column chromatography. The fractions were used to calculate the retention factor of the main compounds using thin layer chromatography and phytochemical tests. The classes of compounds identified were practically the same among the analyzed species, however, at different levels of concentration. The type of tannins found in S. terebinthifolius differed between the two forest formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Pilatti
- Grupo de Pesquisa Plasticidade Fenotípica em Plantas, Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular e Parasitologia Evolutiva, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Av. Coronel. Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100, Jardim das Américas, CEP 81530-000, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - A M T Fortes
- Grupo de Pesquisa Monitoramento e Preservação de Ecossistemas, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Programa de Pós-graduação em Conservação e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - Unioeste, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, CEP 85819-110, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
| | - T C M Jorge
- Grupo de Pesquisa Prospecção de Microrganismos e Substâncias Bioativas com Aplicações em Saúde, Laboratório de Química, Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - Unioeste, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, CEP 85819-110, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
| | - N P Boiago
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Otimização de Sistemas Agroindustriais do Oeste do Paraná, Laboratório de Controle de qualidade de produtos agrícolas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - Unioeste, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, CEP 85819-110, Cascavel, PR, Brasil
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Bosquiroli LSS, dos Santos Ferreira AC, Farias KS, da Costa EC, Matos MDFC, Kadri MCT, Rizk YS, Alves FM, Perdomo RT, Carollo CA, Pinto de Arruda CC. In Vitro antileishmania activity of sesquiterpene-rich essential oils from Nectandra species. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2285-2291. [PMID: 29185382 PMCID: PMC6130651 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1407803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT New antileishmanias are needed because of toxicity, high cost and resistance problems associated with available drugs. Nectandra (Lauraceae) produces several classes of compounds but its essential oil has not previously been reported to have antileishmania activity. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the cytotoxicity and antileishmania activity of essential oils from Nectandra amazonum Nees, N. gardneri Meisn., N. hihua (Ruiz & Pav.) Rohwer and N. megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nectandra oils were extracted from stem bark/leaves by hydrodistillation and compounds were identified by GC-MS. Oils were tested against Leishmania infantum and L. amazonensis intracellular amastigotes and nitric oxide production was evaluated. Cytotoxicity was achieved on NIH/3T3 and J774.A1 cells for the selectivity index (SI). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Nectandra gardneri was active against L. infantum and L. amazonensis (IC50 = 2.7 ± 1.3/2.1 ± 1.06 μg/mL) and contained 85.4% sesquiterpenes, of which 58.2% was intermediol. Besides low cytotoxicity (SI >11.3), N. gardneri induced a significant increase in NO production by L. infantum-infected macrophages. Nectandra hihua had the best activity on L. infantum amastigotes (IC50 = 0.2 ± 1.1 μg/mL). This oil was 89.0% sesquiterpenes, with 28.1% bicyclogermacrene. The two specimens of N. megapotamica had different activities on amastigotes. The one richer in sesquiterpenes (49.9%) was active against both species (IC50 = 12.5 ± 1.4/21.3 ± 1.2) and had phenylpropanoid E-asarone as the main compound (42.4%). Nectandra amazonum showed moderate activity on both the species (IC50 = 31.9 ± 2.0/22.1 ± 1.3 μg/mL) and low selectivity (0.9 < SI >2.6), probably due to the major presence of β-caryophyllene (28.5%). CONCLUSIONS Our data identify compounds that can now be isolated and used for the development of new antileishmanias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Serpa Silva Bosquiroli
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Ana Caroline dos Santos Ferreira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Katyuce Souza Farias
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas – LaPNEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Eduarda Carneiro da Costa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Maria de Fátima Cepa Matos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Culturas Celulares, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Mônica Cristina Toffoli Kadri
- Laboratório de Biofisiofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Yasmin Silva Rizk
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Flávio Macedo Alves
- Herbário CG-MS, CCBS, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Renata Trentin Perdomo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Culturas Celulares, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas – LaPNEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Carla Cardozo Pinto de Arruda
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
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TEDESCO MARÍLIA, KUHN ANDRIELLEW, FRESCURA VIVIANEDALSOUTO, BOLIGON ALINEA, ATHAYDE MARGARETHL, TEDESCO SOLANGEB, SILVA ANTONIOCDA. Assessment of the antiproliferative and antigenotoxic activity and phytochemical screening of aqueous extracts of Sambucus australis Cham. & Schltdl. (ADOXACEAE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 89:2141-2154. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720150138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zou T, Li S, Liu M, Wang T, Xiao Q, Chen D, Li Q, Liang Y, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Wang L, Li P. An atypical strictosidine synthase, OsSTRL2, plays key roles in anther development and pollen wall formation in rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6863. [PMID: 28761138 PMCID: PMC5537339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Strictosidine synthase (STR) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) and is expressed in a range of active meristematic tissues of higher plants. STR proteins are involved in different physiological and biochemical pathways. However, the function of STR proteins in rice development remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified 21 possible STR-like (OsSTRL) family members in rice genome and found that only one gene, OsSTRL2, exhibited a pre-emergency specific florescence expression pattern. Tissue-specific expression profile analysis, β-glucuronidase histochemical (GUS) staining and RNA in situ hybridization confirmed that OsSTRL2 was highly expressed in tapetal cells and microspores. Comparative protein sequence analysis indicated that OsSTRL2 lacked the key catalytic residue found in a typical STR (STR1), although it possessed conserved β-propellers and α-helices formed the basic structure of STR1. OsSTRL2 knockout mutant resulted to male sterility because of the defects in anther development and pollen wall formation. Subcellular localization of OsSTRL2-YFP revealed that the OsSTRL2 protein was primarily localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Therefore, OsSTRL2 is an atypical strictosidine synthase that plays crucial roles in regulating anther development and pollen wall formation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China.
| | - Mingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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Ghimire BK, Son NY, Kim SH, Yu CY, Chung IM. Evaluating water deficit and glyphosate treatment on the accumulation of phenolic compounds and photosynthesis rate in transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata (Siebold & Zucc.) Trautv. over-expressing γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-tmt) gene. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:167. [PMID: 28660450 PMCID: PMC5489442 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of water stress and herbicide treatment on the phenolic compound concentration and photosynthesis rate in transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata plants over-expressing the γ-tmt gene was investigated and compared to that in control non-transgenic C. lanceolata plants. The total phenolic compound content was investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection in C. lanceolata seedlings 3 weeks after water stress and treatment with glyphosate. Changes in the composition of phenolic compounds were observed in leaf and root extracts from transformed C. lanceolata plants following water stress and treatment with glyphosate. The total concentration of phenolic compounds in the leaf extracts of transgenic samples after water stress ranged from 3455.13 ± 40.48 to 8695.00 ± 45.44 µg g-1 dry weight (DW), whereas the total concentration phenolic compound in the leaf extracts of non-transgenic control samples was 5630.83 ± 45.91 µg g-1 DW. The predominant phenolic compounds that increased after the water stress in the transgenic leaf were (+) catechin, benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, rutin, vanillic acid, and veratric acid. The total concentration of phenolic compounds in the leaf extracts of transgenic samples after glyphosate treatment ranged from 4744.37 ± 81.81 to 12,051.02 ± 75.00 µg g-1 DW, whereas the total concentration of the leaf extracts of non-transgenic control samples after glyphosate treatment was 3778.28 ± 59.73 µg g-1 DW. Major phenolic compounds that increased in the transgenic C. lanceolata plants after glyphosate treatment included kaempherol, gallic acid, myricetin, p-hydroxybenzjoic acid, quercetin, salicylic acid, t-cinnamic acid, catechin, benzoicacid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, veratric acid, and vanillic acid. Among these, vanillic acid showed the greatest increase in both leaf and root extracts from transgenic plants relative to those from control C. lanceolata plants following treatment with glyphosate, which could affect the 5-enol-pyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, an enzyme in the shikimate pathway. We observed enhanced stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthesis rate (A) in the transgenic plants treated with water stress and glyphosate treatment. The results of this study demonstrated large variations in the functioning of secondary metabolites pathway in response glyphosate and water stress in transgenic C. lanceolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Kumar Ghimire
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05025, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Son
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05025, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05025, South Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Ill-Min Chung
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05025, South Korea.
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Dasgupta K, Thilmony R, Stover E, Oliveira ML, Thomson J. Novel R2R3-MYB transcription factors from Prunus americana regulate differential patterns of anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco and citrus. GM CROPS & FOOD 2017; 8:85-105. [PMID: 28051907 PMCID: PMC5443614 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2016.1267897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The level of anthocyanins in plants vary widely among cultivars, developmental stages and environmental stimuli. Previous studies have reported that the expression of various MYBs regulate anthocyanin pigmentation during growth and development. Here we examine the activity of 3 novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) genes, PamMybA.1, PamMybA.3 and PamMybA.5 from Prunus americana. The anthocyanin accumulation patterns mediated by CaMV double35S promoter (db35Sp) controlled expression of the TFs in transgenic tobacco were compared with citrus-MoroMybA, Arabidopsis-AtMybA1 and grapevine-VvMybA1 transgenics during their entire growth cycles. The db35Sp-PamMybA.1 and db35Sp-PamMybA.5 constructs induced high levels of anthocyanin accumulation in both transformed tobacco calli and the regenerated plants. The red/purple color pigmentation induced in the PamMybA.1 and PamMybA.5 lines was not uniformly distributed, but appeared as patches in the leaves, whereas the flowers showed intense uniform pigmentation similar to the VvMybA1 expressing lines. MoroMybA and AtMybA1 showed more uniform pink coloration in both vegetative and reproductive tissues. Plant morphology, anthocyanin content, seed viability, and transgene inheritance were examined for the PamMybA.5 transgenic plants and compared with the controls. We conclude that these TFs alone are sufficient for activating anthocyanin production in plants and may be used as visible reporter genes for plant transformation. Evaluating these TFs in a heterologous crop species such as citrus further validated that these genes can be useful for the metabolic engineering of anthocyanin production and cultivar enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Dasgupta
- Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Roger Thilmony
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Ed Stover
- USDA-ARS Subtropical Insects and Horticulture Research Unit, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Maria Luiza Oliveira
- USDA-ARS Subtropical Insects and Horticulture Research Unit, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - James Thomson
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, CA, USA
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Hua Z, Wu C, Fan G, Tang Z, Cao F. The antibacterial activity and mechanism of ginkgolic acid C15:1. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:5. [PMID: 28088196 PMCID: PMC5237537 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the antibacterial activity and underlying mechanisms of ginkgolic acid (GA) C15:1 monomer using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled bacteria strains. RESULTS GA presented significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria but generally did not affect the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. The studies of the antibacterial mechanism indicated that large amounts of GA (C15:1) could penetrate GFP-labeled Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a short period of time, and as a result, led to the quenching of GFP in bacteria. In vitro results demonstrated that GA (C15:1) could inhibit the activity of multiple proteins including DNA polymerase. In vivo results showed that GA (C15:1) could significantly inhibit the biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and B. amyloliquefaciens proteins. CONCLUSION We speculated that GA (C15:1) achieved its antibacterial effect through inhibiting the protein activity of B. amyloliquefaciens. GA (C15:1) could not penetrate Gram-negative bacteria in large amounts, and the lipid soluble components in the bacterial cell wall could intercept GA (C15:1), which was one of the primary reasons that GA (C15:1) did not have a significant antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhebin Hua
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Caie Wu
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Gongjian Fan
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Zhenxing Tang
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
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Ethylene-Induced Vinblastine Accumulation Is Related to Activated Expression of Downstream TIA Pathway Genes in Catharanthus roseus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3708187. [PMID: 27314017 PMCID: PMC4903123 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3708187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We selected different concentrations of ethephon, to stress C. roseus. We used qRT-PCR and HPLC followed by PCA to obtain comprehensive profiling of the vinblastine biosynthesis in response to ethephon. Based on our findings, the results showed that the high concentration of ethephon had a positive effect at both transcriptional and metabolite level. Meanwhile, there was a remarkable decrease of hydrogen peroxide content and a promoted peroxidase activity in leaves. The loading plot combination with correlation analysis suggested that CrPrx1 could be regarded as a positive regulator and interacts with ethylene response factor (ERF) to play a key role in vinblastine content and peroxidase (POD) activity. This study provides the foundation for a better understanding of the regulation and accumulation of vinblastine in response to ethephon.
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Paredes PFM, Vasconcelos FR, Paim RTT, Marques MMM, De Morais SM, Lira SM, Braquehais ID, Vieira ÍGP, Mendes FNP, Guedes MIF. Screening of Bioactivities and Toxicity of Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:7930563. [PMID: 27293464 PMCID: PMC4880675 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7930563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, is one of the most endangered vegetation systems in the planet. To be exploited rationally, its potential needs to be scientifically demonstrated. Among these is the faveleira, used in northeastern Brazil. It stands out for its extraordinary drought resistance and medicinal properties. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of compounds extracted from Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl in preventing disease and its rational use as a herbal therapeutic tool. The methodology began with the collection and herborization of the plant material, to obtain the chemical compounds, preliminary phytochemical analysis, and extraction of the constituents of the active extracts. To determine the biological activities the authors conducted investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, inhibition capacity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, and initial assessment of toxicity of the extracts. The results demonstrated great potential as an antimicrobial agent, an important antioxidant capacity, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition response with no significant difference compared with the reference drug. The authors expect to develop a new herbal product, resulting in lower production costs and that, consequently, could be commercialized in more accessible form to the population, highlighting the risk reduction of contraindication of this category of medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Fernando Machado Paredes
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio Roger Vasconcelos
- Phytopathology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical (EMBRAPA), Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60455-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel Teixeira Terceiro Paim
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria Mendes Marques
- Degree Course in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia De Morais
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Course of Chemistry, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Sandra Machado Lira
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Isabel Desidério Braquehais
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Izabel Florindo Guedes
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Campus do Itaperi, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Dos Santos AH, Ramos AC, Silveira KM, Kiss ACI, Longhini R, Diniz A, de Mello JCP, Gerardin DCC. The exposure to Trichilia catigua (catuaba) crude extract impairs fertility of adult female rats but does not cause reproductive damage to male offspring. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 166:86-91. [PMID: 25792016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trichilia catigua is broadly used in folk medicine due to its mental and physical tonic activities and stimulant effects. In animal models, its antidepressant-like effects have been associated with the dopaminergic (DA) system modulation, which has an important role on maternal behavior and male offspring reproductive development. AIM OF THE STUDY Since little is known about the adverse effects of the exposure to T. catigua crude extract (CAT) in rats, specially regarding maternal homeostasis and offspring development, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether CAT exposure may influence maternal toxicity parameters and behavior or disrupt male offspring physical and reproductive development. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dams were treated daily (by gavage) with 400mg/kg of CAT or vehicle (control=CTR) throughout pregnancy and lactation. Fertility and maternal behavior tests were conducted in dams. Male offspring reproductive and behavioral parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Dams exposed to CAT showed increased pre- and post-implantation losses rates when compared to CTR group. No significant changes regarding maternal behavior or male offspring parameters were observed. CONCLUSION In conclusion, maternal exposure to CAT interfered with implantation during the initial phases of pregnancy but did not induce changes on maternal behavior or male offspring reproductive and behavioral parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hartmann Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, BR-86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline Camargo Ramos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, BR-86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kennia Moura Silveira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, BR-86051-980 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Longhini
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Diniz
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, BR-87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Pereira Filho AA, França CRC, Oliveira DDS, Mendes RJDA, Gonçalves JDRS, Rosa IG. Evaluation of the molluscicidal potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of Jatropha gossypiifolia Linnaeus, 1753 on Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818). Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2015; 56:505-10. [PMID: 25351545 PMCID: PMC4296871 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652014000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The action of extracts from the stem, leaves, and fruit of
Jatropha gossypiifolia on Biomphalaria
glabrata was studied by analyzing survival, feeding capacity and
oviposition ability. The extracts were obtained by macerating the plant parts in
92% ethanol, which were then evaporated until a dry residue was obtained
and phytochemically studied. The molluscicidal activity on B.
glabrata was investigated using the procedures recommended by WHO
(1965). The amount of food ingested and oviposition were measured
during each experiment. The extract of leaves from J.
gossypiifolia was shown to be a strong molluscicidal agent, causing
100% mortality of B. glabrata, even in the lowest
concentration tested, of 25 ppm. Regarding the fruit extract, there was
variation in the mortality, depending on the concentration used (100, 75,
50 and 25 ppm). The snails that were in contact with the fruit extract had
significant reduction in feeding and number of embryos in comparison to the
control. The stem extract did not present molluscicidal activity nor had any
influence on the feeding and oviposition abilities of B.
glabrata, in the concentrations tested. In conclusion, the extracts
of leaves and fruits of J. gossypiifolia investigated in this
work show molluscicidal effect and may be sources of useful compounds for the
schistosomiasis control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ivone Garros Rosa
- Núcleo de Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Biologia, UFMA, MA, Brazil
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Santoro MV, Cappellari L, Giordano W, Banchio E. Systemic Induction of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Medicinal Aromatic Plants Mediated by Rhizobacteria. SOIL BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13401-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Feijó EVDS, de Oliveira RA, Costa LCDB. Light affects Varronia curassavica essential oil yield by increasing trichomes frequency. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lee DK, Yoon MH, Kang YP, Yu J, Park JH, Lee J, Kwon SW. Comparison of primary and secondary metabolites for suitability to discriminate the origins of Schisandra chinensis by GC/MS and LC/MS. Food Chem 2013; 141:3931-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Marakaev OA, Celebrowsky MV, Nikolaeva TN, Zagoskina NV. Some aspects of underground organs of spotleaf orchis growth and phenolic compounds accumulation at the generative stage of ontogenesis. BIOL BULL+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359013030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang J, Sun X, Zhang Z, Ni Y, Zhang Q, Liang X, Xiao H, Chen J, Tokuhisa JG. Metabolite profiling of Arabidopsis seedlings in response to exogenous sinalbin and sulfur deficiency. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2011; 72:1767-78. [PMID: 21726880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine how plant uptake of a sulfur-rich secondary metabolite, sinalbin, affects the metabolic profile of sulfur-deficient plants, gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), in combination with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), was used to survey the metabolome of Arabidopsis seedlings grown in nutrient media under different sulfur conditions. The growth media had either sufficient inorganic sulfur for normal plant growth or insufficient inorganic sulfur in the presence or absence of supplementation with organic sulfur in the form of sinalbin (p-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate). A total of 90 metabolites were identified by GC-TOF-MS and their levels were compared across the three treatments. Of the identified compounds, 21 showed similar responses in plants that were either sulfur deficient or sinalbin supplemented compared to sulfur-sufficient plants, while 12 metabolites differed in abundance only in sulfur-deficient plants. Twelve metabolites accumulated to higher levels in sinalbin-supplemented than in the sulfur-sufficient plants. Secondary metabolites such as flavonol conjugates, sinapinic acid esters and glucosinolates, were identified by LC-MS and their corresponding mass fragmentation patterns were determined. Under sinalbin-supplemented conditions, sinalbin was taken up by Arabidopsis and contributed to the endogenous formation of glucosinolates. Additionally, levels of flavonol glycosides and sinapinic acid esters increased while levels of flavonol diglycosides with glucose attached to the 3-position were reduced. The exogenously administered sinalbin resulted in inhibition of root and hypocotyl growth and markedly influenced metabolite profiles, compared to control and sulfur-deficient plants. These results indicate that, under sulfur deficient conditions, glucosinolates can be a sulfur source for plants. This investigation defines an opportunity to elucidate the mechanism of glucosinolate degradation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiu Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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A possible role for exocytosis in aflatoxin export in Aspergillus parasiticus. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2010; 9:1724-7. [PMID: 20870882 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00118-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi synthesize bioactive secondary metabolites with major human health and economic impacts. Little is known about the mechanisms that mediate the export of these metabolites to the cell exterior. Aspergillus parasiticus synthesizes aflatoxin, a secondary metabolite that is one of the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens known. We previously demonstrated that aflatoxin is synthesized and compartmentalized in specialized vesicles called aflatoxisomes and that these subcellular organelles also play a role in the export process. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that aflatoxisomes fuse with the cytoplasmic membrane to facilitate the release of aflatoxin into the growth environment. Microscopic analysis of A. parasiticus grown under aflatoxin-inducing and non-aflatoxin-inducing conditions generated several lines of experimental evidence that supported the hypothesis. On the basis of the evidence, we propose that export of the mycotoxin aflatoxin in Aspergillus parasiticus occurs by exocytosis, and we present a model to illustrate this export mechanism.
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Pérez-Bermúdez P, García AAM, Tuñón I, Gavidia I. Digitalis purpurea P5 beta R2, encoding steroid 5 beta-reductase, is a novel defense-related gene involved in cardenolide biosynthesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 185:687-700. [PMID: 19895417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The stereospecific 5 beta-reduction of progesterone is a required step for cardiac glycoside biosynthesis in foxglove plants. Recently, we have isolated the gene P5 beta R, and here we investigate the function and regulation of P5 beta R2, a new progesterone 5 beta-reductase gene from Digitalis purpurea. P5 beta R2 cDNA was isolated from a D. purpurea cDNA library and further characterized at the biochemical, structural and physiological levels. Like P5 beta R, P5 beta R2 catalyzes the 5 beta-reduction of the Delta(4) double bond of several steroids and is present in all plant organs. Under stress conditions or on treatment with chemical elicitors, P5 beta R expression does not vary, whereas P5 beta R2 is highly responsive. P5 beta R2 expression is regulated by ethylene and hydrogen peroxide. The correlation between P5 beta R2 expression and cardenolide formation demonstrates the key role of this gene in cardenolide biosynthesis, and therefore in the chemical defense of foxglove plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pérez-Bermúdez
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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Shi LL, Wang L, Zhang YX, Liu YJ. Approaches to biosynthesis of salidroside and its key metabolic enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11632-007-0047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Agati G, Galardi C, Gravano E, Romani A, Tattini M. Flavonoid Distribution in Tissues of Phillyrea latifolia L. Leaves as Estimated by Microspectrofluorometry and Multispectral Fluorescence Microimaging¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760350fditop2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Schmidt DD, Voelckel C, Hartl M, Schmidt S, Baldwin IT. Specificity in ecological interactions: attack from the same lepidopteran herbivore results in species-specific transcriptional responses in two solanaceous host plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 138:1763-73. [PMID: 15980198 PMCID: PMC1176444 DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Model systems have proven enormously useful in elucidating the biochemical function of plant genes. However their ecological function, having been sculpted by evolutionary forces specific to a species, may be less conserved across taxa. Responses to wounding and herbivore attack differ among plant families and are known to be mediated by oxylipin, ethylene, and systemin-signaling networks. We analyzed transcriptional responses of two native Solanaceous species to the attack of an herbivore whose elicitors are known not to be influenced by diet. With The Institute for Genomic Research 10k-cDNA potato (Solanum tuberosum) microarray, we compared the transcriptional responses of Nicotiana attenuata with those of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) when both were attacked by the Solanaceous generalist herbivore, Manduca sexta. Based on an NADH dehydrogenase subunit F phylogeny, S. nigrum is more closely related to potato than N. attenuata but responded significantly less to M. sexta attack. Apart from transcriptional differences anticipated from their differences in secondary metabolism, both species showed distinct transcriptional patterns (with only 10% overlap in significantly regulated genes), which point to fundamental differences in the signaling cascades and downstream genes mediating herbivore resistance. The lackluster transcriptional response of S. nigrum could not be attributed to its inability to respond to elicitation, because methyl jasmonate elicitation of S. nigrum resulted in a strong transcriptional response. Given that attack from the same herbivore elicits profoundly different responses in two Solanaceaous taxa, we conclude that blueprints for commonly regulated responses to plant-herbivore interactions appear unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik D Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Beutenberg Campus, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Vázquez-Flota F, Carrillo-Pech M, Minero-García Y, De Lourdes Miranda-Ham M. Alkaloid metabolism in wounded Catharanthus roseus seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2004; 42:623-8. [PMID: 15331091 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2004.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2003] [Accepted: 06/25/2004] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of mechanical wounding on alkaloid metabolism was analyzed in Catharanthus roseus seedlings. Wounding induced an increase in ajmalicine accumulation, whereas catharanthine remained unaffected. A positive dual effect on vindoline was noticed. Short and mid-term effects were detected between 12 and 24 h after mechanical damage was inflicted, and apparently resulted from the accelerated transformation of the tabersonine intermediaries to vindoline. Long-term effects involved a generalized increase in carbon flux towards alkaloid synthesis. Exposure to ethylene (1 ppm) produced similar results to those observed in wounded seedlings, suggesting that it might be mediating the wound-induced increase in alkaloid synthesis. No synergistic or additive effects were observed when wounded seedlings were exposed to ethylene or jasmonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Vázquez-Flota
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 n degrees. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97200 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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von Roepenack-Lahaye E, Degenkolb T, Zerjeski M, Franz M, Roth U, Wessjohann L, Schmidt J, Scheel D, Clemens S. Profiling of Arabidopsis secondary metabolites by capillary liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2004; 134:548-59. [PMID: 14966245 PMCID: PMC523888 DOI: 10.1104/pp.103.032714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale metabolic profiling is expected to develop into an integral part of functional genomics and systems biology. The metabolome of a cell or an organism is chemically highly complex. Therefore, comprehensive biochemical phenotyping requires a multitude of analytical techniques. Here, we describe a profiling approach that combines separation by capillary liquid chromatography with the high resolution, high sensitivity, and high mass accuracy of quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. About 2000 different mass signals can be detected in extracts of Arabidopsis roots and leaves. Many of these originate from Arabidopsis secondary metabolites. Detection based on retention times and exact masses is robust and reproducible. The dynamic range is sufficient for the quantification of metabolites. Assessment of the reproducibility of the analysis showed that biological variability exceeds technical variability. Tools were optimized or established for the automatic data deconvolution and data processing. Subtle differences between samples can be detected as tested with the chalcone synthase deficient tt4 mutant. The accuracy of time-of-flight mass analysis allows to calculate elemental compositions and to tentatively identify metabolites. In-source fragmentation and tandem mass spectrometry can be used to gain structural information. This approach has the potential to significantly contribute to establishing the metabolome of Arabidopsis and other model systems. The principles of separation and mass analysis of this technique, together with its sensitivity and resolving power, greatly expand the range of metabolic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edda von Roepenack-Lahaye
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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Bode HB, Müller R. Possibility of bacterial recruitment of plant genes associated with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2003; 132:1153-61. [PMID: 12857798 PMCID: PMC526270 DOI: 10.1104/pp.102.019760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2002] [Revised: 03/08/2003] [Accepted: 04/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helge Björn Bode
- German Research Centre Biotechnology-Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung, Mascheroder Weg 1, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Gonzalez Ureña A, Orea JM, Montero C, Jiménez JB, González JL, Sánchez A, Dorado M. Improving postharvest resistance in fruits by external application of trans-resveratrol. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:82-89. [PMID: 12502389 DOI: 10.1021/jf020663v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As it is well-known, one of the main problems of modern agriculture is the postharvest fruit losses due to pathogen's attack and natural senescence during storage. Well established solutions to improve this situation, such as, for example, storage under controlled conditions and the use of synthetic pesticides, are not free of problems due to human health risks and environmental effects caused by chemical pesticides. A new strategy to solve these problems consists of developing methods to improve the natural plant resistance by using, upon their identification, the plant's own defense molecules, in other words, applying methods based on the plant's own natural processes of pest suppression to control spoilage. This requires the identification of components of the natural defense response in plants, which, in turn, demands highly sensitive, fast, and versatile analytical methods especially for trace, nonvolatile, compounds. In this work a laser-based technique has been applied for screening the postharvest elicitation of resveratrol by Botrytis cinerea in grapes. Besides antifungal character, resveratrol is known to present important antioxidant properties, which could also have positive effects on fruit conservation during storage. Consequently, several experiments were carried out in which exogenous application of resveratrol to several fruits maintained their postharvest quality. The quality of both resveratrol-treated and untreated fruits has been studied by the assessment of the biochemical composition and sensory analysis. Indeed, the present work demonstrates that the external application of resveratrol does not alter the sensorial and biochemical properties of the fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gonzalez Ureña
- Cayacea S.A., Miguel Yuste 12, 4 degrees, E-28037 Madrid, Spain.
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Agati G, Galardi C, Gravano E, Romani A, Tattini M. Flavonoid distribution in tissues of Phillyrea latifolia L. leaves as estimated by microspectrofluorometry and multispectral fluorescence microimaging. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 76:350-60. [PMID: 12403458 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0350:fditop>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new method for detecting the tissue-specific distribution of flavonoids has been developed by coupling microspectrofluorometry and multispectral fluorescence microimaging techniques. Fluorescence responses of cross sections taken from 1 year old Phillyrea latifolia leaves exposed to full (sun leaves) or 15% (shade leaves) solar radiation in a coastal area of Southern Tuscany were analyzed. Fluorescence spectra of different tissue layers, each normalized at its fluorescence maximum, that were stained or not stained with Naturstoff reagent A (in ethanol), under excitation with UV light (lambdaexc = 365 nm) or blue light (lambdaexc = 436 nm) were recorded. The shape of the fluorescence spectra of tissue layers from shade and sun leaves differed only under UV excitation. The fluorescence of stained cross sections from sun and shade leaves as well as from different layers of sun leaves received a markedly different contribution from the blue (470 nm) and the yellow-red (580 nm) wavebands. Such changes in tissue fluorescence signatures were related to light-induced changes of extractable caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoid glycosides, namely quercetin 3-O-rutinoside and luteolin 7-O-glucoside. Wall-bound phenolics, i.e. hydroxycinnamic acids (p-coumaric, ferulic and caffeic acid) and flavonoids (apigenin and luteolin derivatives), did not substantially differ between sun and shade leaves. A Gaussian deconvolution analysis of fluorescence spectra was subsequently performed to estimate the contribution of flavonoids (emitting at 600 nm, F600 [red fluorescence contribution = signal integrated over a Gaussian band centered at about 600 nm]) relative to the tissue fluorescence (Ftot [total fluorescence = signal integrated over the whole fluorescence spectrum]). The F600/ Ftot ratios sharply differed between analogous tissues of sun and shade leaves, as well as among tissue layers within each leaf type. A highly resolved picture of the tissue flavonoid distribution was finally provided through a fluorescence microimaging technique by acquiring fluorescence images at the blue (fluorescence at about 470 nm [F470]) and yellow-red (fluorescence at about 580 nm [F580]) wavelengths and correcting the F580 image for the contribution of nonflavonoids to the fluorescence at 580 nm. Monochrome images were elaborated by adequate computing functions to visualize the exclusive accumulation of flavonoids in different layers of P. latifolia leaves. Our data show that in shade leaves flavonoids almost exclusively occurred in the adaxial epidermal layer. In sun leaves flavonoids largely accumulated in the adaxial epidermal and subepidermal cells and followed a steep gradient passing from the adaxial epidermis to the inner spongy layers. Flavonoids also largely occurred in the abaxial epidermal cells and constituted the exclusive class of phenylpropanoids synthesized by the cells of glandular trichomes. The proposed method also allowed for the discrimination of the relative abundance of hydroxycinnamic derivatives and flavonoids in different layers of the P. latifolia leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Agati
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata N. Carrara, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sezione INFM di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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Zhang J, Pontoppidan B, Xue J, Rask L, Meijer J. The third myrosinase gene TGG3 in Arabidopsis thaliana is a pseudogene specifically expressed in stamen and petal. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2002; 115:25-34. [PMID: 12010464 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1150103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Genomic clones and full-length cDNA for the myrosinase gene TGG3 from Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia were sequenced. The TGG3 gene was similar with the earlier described myrosinase genes and shared the conserved intron/exon splice sites but had an insertion of one nucleotide in exon 5, a deletion of two nucleotides in exon 6 and a deletion of approximately 210 nucleotides in exon 12. These mutations shifted the open reading frame in exon 5 and resulted in a truncated protein. Analysis of the TGG3 DNA sequence from five other Arabidopsis ecotypes showed polymorphisms, but in no case did a functional TGG3 gene appear to be present. Although TGG3 apparently is a pseudogene, it was expressed specifically in stamen and petal according to RT-PCR analysis, while TGG1 and TGG2 transcripts were present in most of the tested tissues. Western blot analysis showed only one myrosinase band of 68 kDa corresponding to TGG1 and TGG2 in flower samples, while no band corresponding to TGG3 was encountered. Apparently only two functional myrosinases are present in this gene family in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, Genetics Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7080, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre, Box 582, Uppsala University, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden 1Present address: National Key Biotechnology Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Chengxi, Haikou, 571101, China
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