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Bao H, Cui Y, Ge L, Li Y, Xu X, Tang M, Yi Y, Chen L. OsGEX3 affects anther development and improves osmotic stress tolerance in rice. PLANTA 2024; 259:68. [PMID: 38337086 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04342-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Overexpression and loss of function of OsGEX3 reduce seed setting rates and affect pollen fertility in rice. OsGEX3 positively regulates osmotic stress response by regulating ROS scavenging. GEX3 proteins are conserved in plants. AtGEX3 encodes a plasma membrane protein that plays a crucial role in pollen tube guidance. However, the function of its homolog in rice, OsGEX3, has not been determined. Our results demonstrate that OsGEX3 is localized in the plasma membrane and the nucleus as shown by a transiently transformed assay using Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The up-regulation of OsGEX3 was detected in response to treatments with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, hydrogen peroxide, and abscisic acid (ABA) via RT-qPCR analysis. Interestingly, we observed a significant decline in the seed setting rates of OsGEX3-OE lines and mutants, compared to the wild type. Further investigations reveal that overexpression and loss of function of OsGEX3 affect pollen maturation. TEM observation revealed a significant decrease in the fertile pollen rates of OsGEX3-OE transgenic lines and Osgex3 mutants due to a delay in pollen development at the late vacuolated stage. Overexpression of OsGEX3 improved osmotic stress and oxidative stress tolerance by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging in rice seedlings, whereas Osgex3 mutants exhibited an opposite phenotype in osmotic stress. These findings highlight the multifunctional roles of OsGEX3 in pollen development and the response to abiotic stress. The functional characterization of OsGEX3 provides a fundamental basis for rice molecular breeding and can facilitate efforts to cultivate drought resistance and yield-related varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yuchao Cui
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Li Ge
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yan Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xiaorong Xu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yin Yi
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Gutiérrez Pinzón Y, González Kise JK, Rueda P, Ronceret A. The Formation of Bivalents and the Control of Plant Meiotic Recombination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:717423. [PMID: 34557215 PMCID: PMC8453087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.717423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
During the first meiotic division, the segregation of homologous chromosomes depends on the physical association of the recombined homologous DNA molecules. The physical tension due to the sites of crossing-overs (COs) is essential for the meiotic spindle to segregate the connected homologous chromosomes to the opposite poles of the cell. This equilibrated partition of homologous chromosomes allows the first meiotic reductional division. Thus, the segregation of homologous chromosomes is dependent on their recombination. In this review, we will detail the recent advances in the knowledge of the mechanisms of recombination and bivalent formation in plants. In plants, the absence of meiotic checkpoints allows observation of subsequent meiotic events in absence of meiotic recombination or defective meiotic chromosomal axis formation such as univalent formation instead of bivalents. Recent discoveries, mainly made in Arabidopsis, rice, and maize, have highlighted the link between the machinery of double-strand break (DSB) formation and elements of the chromosomal axis. We will also discuss the implications of what we know about the mechanisms regulating the number and spacing of COs (obligate CO, CO homeostasis, and interference) in model and crop plants.
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Zhang T, Jing JL, Liu L, He Y. ZmRAD17 Is Required for Accurate Double-Strand Break Repair During Maize Male Meiosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:626528. [PMID: 33719299 PMCID: PMC7952653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.626528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RAD17, a replication factor C (RFC)-like DNA damage sensor protein, is involved in DNA checkpoint control and required for both meiosis and mitosis in yeast and mammals. In plant, the meiotic function of RAD17 was only reported in rice so far. Here, we identified and characterized the RAD17 homolog in maize. The Zmrad17 mutants exhibited normal vegetative growth but male was partially sterile. In Zmrad17 pollen mother cells, non-homologous chromosome entanglement and chromosome fragmentation were frequently observed. Immunofluorescence analysis manifested that DSB formation occurred as normal and the loading pattern of RAD51 signals was similar to wild-type at the early stage of prophase I in the mutants. The localization of the axial element ASY1 was normal, while the assembly of the central element ZYP1 was severely disrupted in Zmrad17 meiocytes. Surprisingly, no obvious defect in female sterility was observed in Zmrad17 mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that ZmRAD17 is involved in DSB repair likely by promoting synaptonemal complex assembly in maize male meiosis. These phenomena highlight a high extent of divergence from its counterpart in rice, indicating that the RAD17 dysfunction can result in a drastic dissimilarity in meiotic outcome in different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ju-Li Jing
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang C, Zhang F, Cheng X, Liu K, Tang J, Li Y, Tang D, Cheng Z, Yu H. OsATM Safeguards Accurate Repair of Meiotic Double-Strand Breaks in Rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:1047-1057. [PMID: 32404412 PMCID: PMC7333689 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ATAXIA TELANGIECTASIA-MUTATED (ATM) protein has been well studied for its roles in the DNA damage response. However, its role in meiosis has not been fully explored. Here, we characterized the functions of the rice (Oryza sativa) ATM homolog during meiosis. Aberrant chromosome associations and DNA fragmentations were observed after the completion of homologous pairing and synapsis in Osatm pollen mother cells (PMCs). Aberrant chromosome associations disappeared in Osspo11-1 Osatm-1 double mutants and more severe defects were observed in Osdmc1 Osatm, suggesting that OsATM functions downstream of OsSPO11-1-catalyzed double-strand break formation and in parallel with OsDMC1-mediated homologous recombination. We further demonstrated that phosphorylation of H2AX in PMCs did not depend on OsATM, in contrast to the situation in somatic cells. Moreover, the removal of OsDMC1 from chromosomes in Osatm PMCs was delayed and the number of HEI10 foci (markers of interference-sensitive crossover intermediates) decreased. Together, these findings suggest that OsATM plays important roles in the accurate repair of meiotic double-strand breaks in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fanfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinjie Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yafei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ding Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhukuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hengxiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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ZmRAD51C is Essential for Double-Strand Break Repair and Homologous Recombination in Maize Meiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215513. [PMID: 31694261 PMCID: PMC6861927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation sensitive 51 (RAD51) recombinases play crucial roles in meiotic double-strand break (DSB) repair mediated by homologous recombination (HR) to ensure the correct segregation of homologous chromosomes. In this study, we identified the meiotic functions of ZmRAD51C, the maize homolog of Arabidopsis and rice RAD51C. The Zmrad51c mutants exhibited regular vegetative growth but complete sterility for both male and female inflorescence. However, the mutants showed hypersensitivity to DNA damage by mitomycin C. Cytological analysis indicated that homologous chromosome pairing and synapsis were rigorously inhibited, and meiotic chromosomes were often entangled from diplotene to metaphase I, leading to chromosome fragmentation at anaphase I. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that although the signals of the axial element absence of first division (AFD1) and asynaptic1 (ASY1) were normal, the assembly of the central element zipper1 (ZYP1) was severely disrupted. The DSB formation was normal in Zmrad51c meiocytes, symbolized by the regular occurrence of γH2AX signals. However, RAD51 and disrupted meiotic cDNA 1 (DMC1) signals were never detected at the early stage of prophase I in the mutant. Taken together, our results indicate that ZmRAD51C functions crucially for both meiotic DSB repair and homologous recombination in maize.
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Hu Q, Zhang C, Xue Z, Ma L, Liu W, Shen Y, Ma B, Cheng Z. OsRAD17 Is Required for Meiotic Double-Strand Break Repair and Plays a Redundant Role With OsZIP4 in Synaptonemal Complex Assembly. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1236. [PMID: 30210516 PMCID: PMC6123563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The repair of SPO11-dependent double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR) ensures the correct segregation of homologous chromosomes. In yeast and human, RAD17 is involved in DNA damage checkpoint control and DSB repair. However, little is known about its function in plants. In this study, we characterized the RAD17 homolog in rice. In Osrad17 pollen mother cells (PMCs), associations between non-homologous chromosomes and chromosome fragmentation were constantly observed. These aberrant chromosome associations were dependent on the formation of programmed DSBs. OsRAD17 interacts with OsRAD1 and the meiotic phenotype of Osrad1 Osrad17 is indistinguishable from the two single mutants which have similar phenotypes, manifesting they could act in the same pathway. OsZIP4, OsMSH5 and OsMER3 are members of ZMM proteins in rice that are required for crossover formation. We found that homologous pairing and synapsis, which was roughly unaffected in Oszip4 and Osrad17 single mutant, was severely disturbed in the Oszip4 Osrad17 double mutant. Similar phenotypes were observed in the Osmsh5 Osrad17 and Osmer3 Osrad1 double mutants, suggesting the cooperation between the checkpoint proteins and ZMM proteins in assuring accurate HR in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bojun Ma
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhukuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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