1
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Junglas B, Kartte D, Kutzner M, Hellmann N, Ritter I, Schneider D, Sachse C. Structural basis for Vipp1 membrane binding: from loose coats and carpets to ring and rod assemblies. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01399-z. [PMID: 39379528 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1 (Vipp1) is critical for thylakoid membrane biogenesis and maintenance. Although Vipp1 has recently been identified as a member of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport III superfamily, it is still unknown how Vipp1 remodels membranes. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of Synechocystis Vipp1 interacting with membranes: seven structures of helical and stacked-ring assemblies at 5-7-Å resolution engulfing membranes and three carpet structures covering lipid vesicles at ~20-Å resolution using subtomogram averaging. By analyzing ten structures of N-terminally truncated Vipp1, we show that helix α0 is essential for membrane tubulation and forms the membrane-anchoring domain of Vipp1. Lastly, using a conformation-restrained Vipp1 mutant, we reduced the structural plasticity of Vipp1 and determined two structures of Vipp1 at 3.0-Å resolution, resolving the molecular details of membrane-anchoring and intersubunit contacts of helix α0. Our data reveal membrane curvature-dependent structural transitions from carpets to rings and rods, some of which are capable of inducing and/or stabilizing high local membrane curvature triggering membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - David Kartte
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mirka Kutzner
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ilona Ritter
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Ostermeier M, Garibay-Hernández A, Holzer VJC, Schroda M, Nickelsen J. Structure, biogenesis, and evolution of thylakoid membranes. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:4014-4035. [PMID: 38567528 PMCID: PMC11448915 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and chloroplasts of algae and plants harbor specialized thylakoid membranes (TMs) that convert sunlight into chemical energy. These membranes house PSII and I, the vital protein-pigment complexes that drive oxygenic photosynthesis. In the course of their evolution, TMs have diversified in structure. However, the core machinery for photosynthetic electron transport remained largely unchanged, with adaptations occurring primarily in the light-harvesting antenna systems. Whereas TMs in cyanobacteria are relatively simple, they become more complex in algae and plants. The chloroplasts of vascular plants contain intricate networks of stacked grana and unstacked stroma thylakoids. This review provides an in-depth view of TM architectures in phototrophs and the determinants that shape their forms, as well as presenting recent insights into the spatial organization of their biogenesis and maintenance. Its overall goal is to define the underlying principles that have guided the evolution of these bioenergetic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Schroda
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, TU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jörg Nickelsen
- Molecular Plant Science, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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3
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Junglas B, Hudina E, Schönnenbeck P, Ritter I, Heddier A, Santiago-Schübel B, Huesgen PF, Schneider D, Sachse C. Structural plasticity of bacterial ESCRT-III protein PspA in higher-order assemblies. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7. [PMID: 39152237 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic members of the endosome sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) family have been shown to form diverse higher-order assemblies. The bacterial phage shock protein A (PspA) has been identified as a member of the ESCRT-III superfamily, and PspA homo-oligomerizes to form rod-shaped assemblies. As observed for eukaryotic ESCRT-III, PspA forms tubular assemblies of varying diameters. Using electron cryo-electron microscopy, we determined 61 Synechocystis PspA structures and observed in molecular detail how the structural plasticity of PspA rods is mediated by conformational changes at three hinge regions in the monomer and by the fixed and changing molecular contacts between protomers. Moreover, we reduced and increased the structural plasticity of PspA rods by removing the loop connecting helices α3/α4 and the addition of nucleotides, respectively. Based on our analysis of PspA-mediated membrane remodeling, we suggest that the observed mode of structural plasticity is a prerequisite for the biological function of ESCRT-III members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Esther Hudina
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Schönnenbeck
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilona Ritter
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anja Heddier
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beatrix Santiago-Schübel
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Aging-related Disorders (CECAD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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4
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Chen W, Motsinger MM, Li J, Bohannon KP, Hanson PI. Ca 2+-sensor ALG-2 engages ESCRTs to enhance lysosomal membrane resilience to osmotic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318412121. [PMID: 38781205 PMCID: PMC11145288 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318412121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are central players in cellular catabolism, signaling, and metabolic regulation. Cellular and environmental stresses that damage lysosomal membranes can compromise their function and release toxic content into the cytoplasm. Here, we examine how cells respond to osmotic stress within lysosomes. Using sensitive assays of lysosomal leakage and rupture, we examine acute effects of the osmotic disruptant glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide (GPN). Our findings reveal that low concentrations of GPN rupture a small fraction of lysosomes, but surprisingly trigger Ca2+ release from nearly all. Chelating cytoplasmic Ca2+ makes lysosomes more sensitive to GPN-induced rupture, suggesting a role for Ca2+ in lysosomal membrane resilience. GPN-elicited Ca2+ release causes the Ca2+-sensor Apoptosis Linked Gene-2 (ALG-2), along with Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) proteins it interacts with, to redistribute onto lysosomes. Functionally, ALG-2, but not its ESCRT binding-disabled ΔGF122 splice variant, increases lysosomal resilience to osmotic stress. Importantly, elevating juxta-lysosomal Ca2+ without membrane damage by activating TRPML1 also recruits ALG-2 and ESCRTs, protecting lysosomes from subsequent osmotic rupture. These findings reveal that Ca2+, through ALG-2, helps bring ESCRTs to lysosomes to enhance their resilience and maintain organelle integrity in the face of osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Madeline M. Motsinger
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Jiaqian Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Kevin P. Bohannon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Phyllis I. Hanson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
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5
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Mehrez M, Romand S, Field B. New perspectives on the molecular mechanisms of stress signalling by the nucleotide guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), an emerging regulator of photosynthesis in plants and algae. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1086-1099. [PMID: 36349398 PMCID: PMC10107265 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotides guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate (together (p)ppGpp) are found in a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms where they are associated with stress signalling. In this review, we will discuss recent research highlighting the role of (p)ppGpp signalling as a conserved regulator of photosynthetic activity in the chloroplasts of plants and algae, and the latest discoveries that open up new perspectives on the emerging roles of (p)ppGpp in acclimation to environmental stress. We explore how rapid advances in the study of (p)ppGpp signalling in prokaryotes are now revealing large gaps in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of signalling by (p)ppGpp and related nucleotides in plants and algae. Filling in these gaps is likely to lead to the discovery of conserved as well as new plant- and algal-specific (p)ppGpp signalling mechanisms that will offer new insights into the taming of the chloroplast and the regulation of stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mehrez
- Aix‐Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR726513009MarseilleFrance
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and BiotechnologyUniversity of Tunis El Manar2092TunisTunisia
| | - Shanna Romand
- Aix‐Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR726513009MarseilleFrance
| | - Ben Field
- Aix‐Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR726513009MarseilleFrance
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6
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Ohnishi N, Sugimoto M, Kondo H, Shioya KI, Zhang L, Sakamoto W. Distinctive in vitro ATP Hydrolysis Activity of AtVIPP1, a Chloroplastic ESCRT-III Superfamily Protein in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:949578. [PMID: 35903241 PMCID: PMC9315428 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle-inducing protein in plastid 1 (VIPP1), characteristic to oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, is a membrane-remodeling factor that forms homo-oligomers and functions in thylakoid membrane formation and maintenance. The cyanobacterial VIPP1 structure revealed a monomeric folding pattern similar to that of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) III. Characteristic to VIPP1, however, is its own GTP and ATP hydrolytic activity without canonical domains. In this study, we found that histidine-tagged Arabidopsis VIPP1 (AtVIPP1) hydrolyzed GTP and ATP to produce GDP and ADP in vitro, respectively. Unexpectedly, the observed GTPase and ATPase activities were biochemically distinguishable, because the ATPase was optimized for alkaline conditions and dependent on Ca2+ as well as Mg2+, with a higher affinity for ATP than GTP. We found that a version of AtVIPP1 protein with a mutation in its nucleotide-binding site, as deduced from the cyanobacterial structure, retained its hydrolytic activity, suggesting that Arabidopsis and cyanobacterial VIPP1s have different properties. Negative staining particle analysis showed that AtVIPP1 formed particle or rod structures that differed from those of cyanobacteria and Chlamydomonas. These results suggested that the nucleotide hydrolytic activity and oligomer formation of VIPP1 are common in photosynthetic organisms, whereas their properties differ among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Ohnishi
- Institute for Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Manabu Sugimoto
- Institute for Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Institute for Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shioya
- Institute for Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Lingang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Institute for Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
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7
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Cackett L, Luginbuehl LH, Schreier TB, Lopez-Juez E, Hibberd JM. Chloroplast development in green plant tissues: the interplay between light, hormone, and transcriptional regulation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:2000-2016. [PMID: 34729790 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are best known for their role in photosynthesis, but they also allow nitrogen and sulphur assimilation, amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide and hormone synthesis. How chloroplasts develop is therefore relevant to these diverse and fundamental biological processes, but also to attempts at their rational redesign. Light is strictly required for chloroplast formation in all angiosperms and directly regulates the expression of hundreds of chloroplast-related genes. Light also modulates the levels of several hormones including brassinosteriods, cytokinins, auxins and gibberellins, which themselves control chloroplast development particularly during early stages of plant development. Transcription factors such as GOLDENLIKE1&2 (GLK1&2), GATA NITRATE-INDUCIBLE CARBON METABOLISM-INVOLVED (GNC) and CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR 1 (CGA1) act downstream of both light and phytohormone signalling to regulate chloroplast development. Thus, in green tissues transcription factors, light signalling and hormone signalling form a complex network regulating the transcription of chloroplast- and photosynthesis-related genes to control the development and number of chloroplasts per cell. We use this conceptual framework to identify points of regulation that could be harnessed to modulate chloroplast abundance and increase photosynthetic efficiency of crops, and to highlight future avenues to overcome gaps in current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Cackett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Leonie H Luginbuehl
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Tina B Schreier
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Enrique Lopez-Juez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Julian M Hibberd
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
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8
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Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhou Y, Wang S, Zhang B, Kong J, Zheng S, Yang N. PLDα1 and GPA1 are involved in the stomatal closure induced by Oridonin in Arabidopsis thaliana. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:1005-1016. [PMID: 34167638 DOI: 10.1071/fp21156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oridonin is an important diterpenoid, which plays an important role in plant growth and development. PLDα1 and GPA1 are involved in many biotic or abiotic stresses. In this study, using the seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana L. wild type (WT), PLDα1 defective mutant (pldα1), GPA1 defective mutant (gpa1) and pldα1/gpa1 double mutant as materials, the effect of stomatal apertures responding to Oridonin and the functions of PLDα1 and GPA1 in this response were investigated. The results showed that 60 μmol·L-1 of Oridonin induced stomatal closure and significantly increased the relative expression levels of GPA1 and PLDα1. Oridonin increased H2O2 accumulation in guard cells by inhibiting the antioxidant enzymes. The increase of H2O2 caused the expression of OST1, which is a positive regulatory gene for stomatal closure. Both PLDα1 and GPA1 were involved in Oridonin-induced stomatal closure and PLDα1 acted downstream of GPA1. The results suggested that Oridonin caused stomatal closure by affecting GPA1 and promoting PLDα1 to produce PA, and further accumulating H2O2 to upregulate gene OST1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bianfeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Juantao Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; and Corresponding author.
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9
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Gupta TK, Klumpe S, Gries K, Heinz S, Wietrzynski W, Ohnishi N, Niemeyer J, Spaniol B, Schaffer M, Rast A, Ostermeier M, Strauss M, Plitzko JM, Baumeister W, Rudack T, Sakamoto W, Nickelsen J, Schuller JM, Schroda M, Engel BD. Structural basis for VIPP1 oligomerization and maintenance of thylakoid membrane integrity. Cell 2021; 184:3643-3659.e23. [PMID: 34166613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1 (VIPP1) is essential for the biogenesis and maintenance of thylakoid membranes, which transform light into life. However, it is unknown how VIPP1 performs its vital membrane-remodeling functions. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy to determine structures of cyanobacterial VIPP1 rings, revealing how VIPP1 monomers flex and interweave to form basket-like assemblies of different symmetries. Three VIPP1 monomers together coordinate a non-canonical nucleotide binding pocket on one end of the ring. Inside the ring's lumen, amphipathic helices from each monomer align to form large hydrophobic columns, enabling VIPP1 to bind and curve membranes. In vivo mutations in these hydrophobic surfaces cause extreme thylakoid swelling under high light, indicating an essential role of VIPP1 lipid binding in resisting stress-induced damage. Using cryo-correlative light and electron microscopy (cryo-CLEM), we observe oligomeric VIPP1 coats encapsulating membrane tubules within the Chlamydomonas chloroplast. Our work provides a structural foundation for understanding how VIPP1 directs thylakoid biogenesis and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilak Kumar Gupta
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sven Klumpe
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Karin Gries
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Steffen Heinz
- Department of Molecular Plant Sciences, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wojciech Wietrzynski
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Norikazu Ohnishi
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Justus Niemeyer
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Benjamin Spaniol
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Miroslava Schaffer
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna Rast
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Department of Molecular Plant Sciences, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Ostermeier
- Department of Molecular Plant Sciences, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mike Strauss
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 17C, Canada
| | - Jürgen M Plitzko
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Till Rudack
- Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Jörg Nickelsen
- Department of Molecular Plant Sciences, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jan M Schuller
- SYNMIKRO Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Schroda
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Benjamin D Engel
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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10
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Siebenaller C, Schlösser L, Junglas B, Schmidt-Dengler M, Jacob D, Hellmann N, Sachse C, Helm M, Schneider D. Binding and/or hydrolysis of purine-based nucleotides is not required for IM30 ring formation. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1876-1885. [PMID: 34060653 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
IM30, the inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa, is conserved in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. Although its exact physiological function is still mysterious, IM30 is clearly essential for thylakoid membrane biogenesis and/or dynamics. Recently, a cryptic IM30 GTPase activity has been reported, albeit thus far no physiological function has been attributed to this. Yet, it is still possible that GTP binding/hydrolysis affects formation of the prototypical large homo-oligomeric IM30 ring and rod structures. Here, we show that the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 IM30 protein in fact is an NTPase that hydrolyzes GTP and ATP, but not CTP or UTP, with about identical rates. While IM30 forms large oligomeric ring complexes, nucleotide binding and/or hydrolysis are clearly not required for ring formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlösser
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C-3/Structural Biology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt-Dengler
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Jacob
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C-3/Structural Biology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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11
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Sakamoto W. Editorial Feature: Meet the PCP Editor-In-Chief-Wataru Sakamoto. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:222-223. [PMID: 33493292 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sakamoto
- Okayama University, Institute of Plant Science and Resources
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12
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Micol-Ponce R, García-Alcázar M, Capel C, Yuste-Lisbona FJ, Pineda B, Atarés A, García-Sogo B, Capel J, Moreno V, Lozano R. The Tomato SlVIPP1 Gene Is Required for Plant Survival Through the Proper Development of Chloroplast Thylakoid Membrane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1305. [PMID: 32983195 PMCID: PMC7479267 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since membranes play essential roles in all living beings, all cells have developed mechanisms for efficient and fast repair of membrane damage. In Escherichia coli, the Phage shock stress A (PspA) protein is involved in the maintenance of the integrity of its inner membrane in response to the damage produced by exposure to stress conditions. A role in thylakoid membrane maintenance and reorganization has been proposed for Vesicle Inducing Protein in Plastid 1 (VIPP1), the putative PspA ortholog in Arabidopsis thaliana. While some membranes of plant cells have been extensively studied, the biosynthesis and maintenance of chloroplast thylakoid membrane remains poorly known. Here, we report the cloning and functional characterization of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) ortholog of Escherichia coli PspA and Arabidopsis thaliana VIPP1, which we dubbed SlVIPP1. Our genetic and molecular characterization of slvipp1, an insertional mutant, allowed us to conclude that the tomato SlVIPP1 gene is needed for development, as Arabidopsis VIPP1, but not Escherichia coli PspA. Homozygous slvipp1 tomato plants are albino and exhibit early lethality and highly aberrant chloroplast development with almost complete absence of thylakoids. The phenotype of tomato RNAi lines and that of additional slvipp1 alleles generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology confirmed that the morphological and histological aberrations shown by slvipp1 homozygotes are caused by VIPP1 lack of function. We also found that tomato SlVIPP1 overexpression does not cause any visible effect on plant morphology and viability. Our work with slvipp1 plants evidences that SlVIPP1 is an essential gene required for tomato survival, since its function is crucial for the proper formation and/or maintenance of thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Micol-Ponce
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel García-Alcázar
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Carmen Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Benito Pineda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Atarés
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña García-Sogo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Vicente Moreno
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Lozano
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
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13
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Junglas B, Siebenaller C, Schlösser L, Hellmann N, Schneider D. GTP hydrolysis by Synechocystis IM30 does not decisively affect its membrane remodeling activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9793. [PMID: 32555292 PMCID: PMC7299955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of IM30 (also known as Vipp1) is linked to protection and/or remodeling of the thylakoid membrane system in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. Recently, it has been revealed that the Arabidopsis IM30 protein exhibits GTP hydrolyzing activity in vitro, which was unexpected, as IM30 does not show any classical GTPase features. In the present study, we addressed the question, whether an apparent GTPase activity is conserved in IM30 proteins and can also be observed for IM30 of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We show that Synechocystis IM30 is indeed able to bind and hydrolyze GTP followed by the release of Pi. Yet, the apparent GTPase activity of Synechocystis IM30 does not depend on Mg2+, which, together with the lack of classical GTPase features, renders IM30 an atypical GTPase. To elucidate the impact of this cryptic GTPase activity on the membrane remodeling activity of IM30, we tested whether GTP hydrolysis influences IM30 membrane binding and/or IM30-mediated membrane fusion. We show that membrane remodeling by Synechocystis IM30 is slightly affected by nucleotides. Yet, despite IM30 clearly catalyzing GTP hydrolysis, this does not seem to be vital for its membrane remodeling function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlösser
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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14
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Hertle AP, García-Cerdán JG, Armbruster U, Shih R, Lee JJ, Wong W, Niyogi KK. A Sec14 domain protein is required for photoautotrophic growth and chloroplast vesicle formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:9101-9111. [PMID: 32245810 PMCID: PMC7183190 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916946117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, the conversion of solar into chemical energy occurs in thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast. How thylakoid membranes are formed and maintained is poorly understood. However, previous observations of vesicles adjacent to the stromal side of the inner envelope membrane of the chloroplast suggest a possible role of membrane transport via vesicle trafficking from the inner envelope to the thylakoids. Here we show that the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has a chloroplast-localized Sec14-like protein (CPSFL1) that is necessary for photoautotrophic growth and vesicle formation at the inner envelope membrane of the chloroplast. The cpsfl1 mutants are seedling lethal, show a defect in thylakoid structure, and lack chloroplast vesicles. Sec14 domain proteins are found only in eukaryotes and have been well characterized in yeast, where they regulate vesicle budding at the trans-Golgi network. Like the yeast Sec14p, CPSFL1 binds phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) and phosphatidic acid (PA) and acts as a phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in vitro, and expression of Arabidopsis CPSFL1 can complement the yeast sec14 mutation. CPSFL1 can transfer PIP into PA-rich membrane bilayers in vitro, suggesting that CPSFL1 potentially facilitates vesicle formation by trafficking PA and/or PIP, known regulators of membrane trafficking between organellar subcompartments. These results underscore the role of vesicles in thylakoid biogenesis and/or maintenance. CPSFL1 appears to be an example of a eukaryotic cytosolic protein that has been coopted for a function in the chloroplast, an organelle derived from endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Hertle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
| | - José G García-Cerdán
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Ute Armbruster
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102
| | - Robert Shih
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jimmy J Lee
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102
| | - Winnie Wong
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Krishna K Niyogi
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
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15
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Siebenaller C, Junglas B, Schneider D. Functional Implications of Multiple IM30 Oligomeric States. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1500. [PMID: 31824532 PMCID: PMC6882379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa (IM30), also known as the vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1 (Vipp1), is essential for photo-autotrophic growth of cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants. While its exact function still remains largely elusive, it is commonly accepted that IM30 is crucially involved in thylakoid membrane biogenesis, stabilization and/or maintenance. A characteristic feature of IM30 is its intrinsic propensity to form large homo-oligomeric protein complexes. 15 years ago, it has been reported that these supercomplexes have a ring-shaped structure. However, the in vivo significance of these ring structures is not finally resolved yet and the formation of more complex assemblies has been reported. We here present and discuss research on IM30 conducted within the past 25 years with a special emphasis on the question of why we potentially need IM30 supercomplexes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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16
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Lellis AD, Patrick RM, Mayberry LK, Lorence A, Campbell ZC, Roose JL, Frankel LK, Bricker TM, Hellmann HA, Mayberry RW, Zavala AS, Choy GS, Wylie DC, Abdul-Moheeth M, Masood A, Prater AG, Van Hoorn HE, Cole NA, Browning KS. eIFiso4G Augments the Synthesis of Specific Plant Proteins Involved in Normal Chloroplast Function. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:85-96. [PMID: 31308150 PMCID: PMC6716253 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The plant-specific translation initiation complex eIFiso4F is encoded by three genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)-genes encoding the cap binding protein eIFiso4E (eifiso4e) and two isoforms of the large subunit scaffolding protein eIFiso4G (i4g1 and i4g2). To quantitate phenotypic changes, a phenomics platform was used to grow wild-type and mutant plants (i4g1, i4g2, i4e, i4g1 x i4g2, and i4g1 x i4g2 x i4e [i4f]) under various light conditions. Mutants lacking both eIFiso4G isoforms showed the most obvious phenotypic differences from the wild type. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to identify changes in protein levels in plants lacking eIFiso4G. Four of the proteins identified as measurably decreased and validated by immunoblot analysis were two light harvesting complex binding proteins 1 and 3, Rubisco activase, and carbonic anhydrase. The observed decreased levels for these proteins were not the direct result of decreased transcription or protein instability. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction experiments indicated altered quinone reduction kinetics for the double and triple mutant plants with significant differences observed for absorbance, trapping, and electron transport. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the chloroplasts in mutant plants showed impaired grana stacking and increased accumulation of starch granules consistent with some chloroplast proteins being decreased. Rescue of the i4g1 x i4g2 plant growth phenotype and increased expression of the validated proteins to wild-type levels was obtained by overexpression of eIFiso4G1. These data suggest a direct and specialized role for eIFiso4G in the synthesis of a subset of plant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Lellis
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Ryan M Patrick
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Laura K Mayberry
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas 72467
| | - Zachary C Campbell
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas 72467
| | - Johnna L Roose
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - Laurie K Frankel
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - Terry M Bricker
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - Hanjo A Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236
| | - Roderick W Mayberry
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Ana Solis Zavala
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Grace S Choy
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Dennis C Wylie
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Mustafa Abdul-Moheeth
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Adeeb Masood
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Amy G Prater
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Hailey E Van Hoorn
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Nicola A Cole
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Karen S Browning
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
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17
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VIPP1 rods engulf membranes containing phosphatidylinositol phosphates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8725. [PMID: 31217458 PMCID: PMC6584618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In cyanobacteria and plants, VIPP1 plays crucial roles in the biogenesis and repair of thylakoid membrane protein complexes and in coping with chloroplast membrane stress. In chloroplasts, VIPP1 localizes in distinct patterns at or close to envelope and thylakoid membranes. In vitro, VIPP1 forms higher-order oligomers of >1 MDa that organize into rings and rods. However, it remains unknown how VIPP1 oligomerization is related to function. Using time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, we show here that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii VIPP1 binds strongly to liposomal membranes containing phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P). Cryo-electron tomography reveals that VIPP1 oligomerizes into rods that can engulf liposomal membranes containing PI4P. These findings place VIPP1 into a group of membrane-shaping proteins including epsin and BAR domain proteins. Moreover, they point to a potential role of phosphatidylinositols in directing the shaping of chloroplast membranes.
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18
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Mechela A, Schwenkert S, Soll J. A brief history of thylakoid biogenesis. Open Biol 2019; 9:180237. [PMID: 30958119 PMCID: PMC6367138 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The thylakoid membrane network inside chloroplasts harbours the protein complexes that are necessary for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Cellular processes for building and altering this membrane network are therefore essential for life on Earth. Nevertheless, detailed molecular processes concerning the origin and synthesis of the thylakoids remain elusive. Thylakoid biogenesis is strongly coupled to the processes of chloroplast differentiation. Chloroplasts develop from special progenitors called proplastids. As many of the needed building blocks such as lipids and pigments derive from the inner envelope, the question arises how these components are recruited to their target membrane. This review travels back in time to the beginnings of thylakoid membrane research to summarize findings, facts and fictions on thylakoid biogenesis and structure up to the present state, including new insights and future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Mechela
- Department Biologie I, Botanik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Serena Schwenkert
- Department Biologie I, Botanik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Soll
- Department Biologie I, Botanik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
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19
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Niu Y, Xiang Y. An Overview of Biomembrane Functions in Plant Responses to High-Temperature Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:915. [PMID: 30018629 PMCID: PMC6037897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological membranes are highly ordered structures consisting of mosaics of lipids and proteins. Elevated temperatures can directly and effectively change the properties of these membranes, including their fluidity and permeability, through a holistic effect that involves changes in the lipid composition and/or interactions between lipids and specific membrane proteins. Ultimately, high temperatures can alter microdomain remodeling and instantaneously relay ambient cues to downstream signaling pathways. Thus, dynamic membrane regulation not only helps cells perceive temperature changes but also participates in intracellular responses and determines a cell's fate. Moreover, due to the specific distribution of extra- and endomembrane elements, the plasma membrane (PM) and membranous organelles are individually responsible for distinct developmental events during plant adaptation to heat stress. This review describes recent studies that focused on the roles of various components that can alter the physical state of the plasma and thylakoid membranes as well as the crucial signaling pathways initiated through the membrane system, encompassing both endomembranes and membranous organelles in the context of heat stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Niu
- *Correspondence: Yue Niu, Yun Xiang,
| | - Yun Xiang
- *Correspondence: Yue Niu, Yun Xiang,
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