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Ping X, Khan RAA, Chen S, Jiao Y, Zhuang X, Jiang L, Song L, Yang Y, Zhao J, Li Y, Mao Z, Xie B, Ling J. Deciphering the role of rhizosphere microbiota in modulating disease resistance in cabbage varieties. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:160. [PMID: 39215347 PMCID: PMC11363401 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabbage Fusarium wilt (CFW) is a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc). One of the optimal measures for managing CFW is the employment of tolerant/resistant cabbage varieties. However, the interplay between plant genotypes and the pathogen Foc in shaping the rhizosphere microbial community, and the consequent influence of these microbial assemblages on biological resistance, remains inadequately understood. RESULTS Based on amplicon metabarcoding data, we observed distinct differences in the fungal alpha diversity index (Shannon index) and beta diversity index (unweighted Bray-Curtis dissimilarity) within the rhizosphere of the YR (resistant to Foc) and ZG (susceptible to Foc) cabbage varieties, irrespective of Foc inoculation. Notably, the Shannon diversity shifts in the resistant YR variety were more pronounced following Foc inoculation. Disease-resistant plant variety demonstrate a higher propensity for harboring beneficial microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas, and exhibit superior capabilities in evading harmful microorganisms, in contrast to their disease-susceptible counterparts. Furthermore, the network analysis was performed on rhizosphere-associated microorganisms, including both bacteria and fungi. The networks of association recovered from YR exhibited greater complexity, robustness, and density, regardless of Foc inoculation. Following Foc infection in the YR rhizosphere, there was a notable increase in the dominant bacterium NA13, which is also a hub taxon in the microbial network. Reintroducing NA13 into the soil significantly improved disease resistance in the susceptible ZG variety, by directly inhibiting Foc and triggering defense mechanisms in the roots. CONCLUSIONS The rhizosphere microbial communities of these two cabbage varieties are markedly distinct, with the introduction of the pathogen eliciting significant alterations in their microbial networks which is correlated with susceptibility or resistance to soil-borne pathogens. Furthermore, we identified a rhizobacteria species that significantly boosts disease resistance in susceptible cabbages. Our results indicated that the induction of resistance genes leading to varied responses in microbial communities to pathogens may partly explain the differing susceptibilities of the cabbage varieties tested to CFW. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Raja Asad Ali Khan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, YaZhou, 572024, China
| | - Shumin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xia Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liqun Song
- Microbial Research Institute of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chaoyang, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Bingyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Wang HL, Chen ZZ, Koski TM, Zhang B, Wang XF, Zhang RB, Li RQ, Wang SX, Zeng JY, Li HP. Emerald Ash Borer Infestation-Induced Elevated Negative Correlations and Core Genera Shift in the Endophyte Community of Fraxinus bungeana. INSECTS 2024; 15:534. [PMID: 39057267 PMCID: PMC11277034 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Endophytes, prevalent in plants, mediate plant-insect interactions. Nevertheless, our understanding of the key members of endophyte communities involved in inhibiting or assisting EAB infestation remains limited. Employing ITS and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, along with network analysis techniques, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the reaction of endophytic fungi and bacteria within F. bungeana phloem by comparing EAB-infested and uninfected samples. Our findings reveal that EAB infestation significantly impacts the endophytic communities, altering both their diversity and overall structure. Interestingly, both endophytic fungi and bacteria exhibited distinct patterns in response to the infestation. For instance, in the EAB-infested phloem, the fungi abundance remained unchanged, but diversity decreased significantly. Conversely, bacterial abundance increased, without significant diversity changes. The fungi community structure altered significantly, which was not observed in bacteria. The bacterial composition in the infested phloem underwent significant changes, characterized by a substantial decrease in beneficial species abundance, whereas the fungal composition remained largely unaffected. In network analysis, the endophytes in infested phloem exhibited a modular topology, demonstrating greater complexity due to an augmented number of network nodes, elevated negative correlations, and a core genera shift compared to those observed in healthy phloem. Our findings increase understanding of plant-insect-microorganism relationships, crucial for pest control, considering endophytic roles in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ling Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Chen
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | | | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue-Fei Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Rui-Bo Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Ruo-Qi Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shi-Xian Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jian-Yong Zeng
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Germplasm Resources and Protection of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Hui-Ping Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
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Li L, Liu J, Zhou JM. From molecule to cell: the expanding frontiers of plant immunity. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:680-690. [PMID: 38417548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the field of plant immunity has witnessed remarkable breakthroughs. During the co-evolution between plants and pathogens, plants have developed a wealth of intricate defense mechanisms to safeguard their survival. Newly identified immune receptors have added unexpected complexity to the surface and intracellular sensor networks, enriching our understanding of the ongoing plant-pathogen interplay. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of resistosome shapes our understanding of these mysterious molecules in plant immunity. Moreover, technological innovations are expanding the horizon of the plant-pathogen battlefield into spatial and temporal scales. While the development provides new opportunities for untangling the complex realm of plant immunity, challenges remain in uncovering plant immunity across spatiotemporal dimensions from both molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China.
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Chang YL, Chang YC, Kurniawan A, Chang PC, Liou TY, Wang WD, Chuang HW. Employing Genomic Tools to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms behind the Enhancement of Plant Growth and Stress Resilience Facilitated by a Burkholderia Rhizobacterial Strain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6091. [PMID: 38892282 PMCID: PMC11172717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The rhizobacterial strain BJ3 showed 16S rDNA sequence similarity to species within the Burkholderia genus. Its complete genome sequence revealed a 97% match with Burkholderia contaminans and uncovered gene clusters essential for plant-growth-promoting traits (PGPTs). These clusters include genes responsible for producing indole acetic acid (IAA), osmolytes, non-ribosomal peptides (NRPS), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), siderophores, lipopolysaccharides, hydrolytic enzymes, and spermidine. Additionally, the genome contains genes for nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization, as well as a gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. The treatment with BJ3 enhanced root architecture, boosted vegetative growth, and accelerated early flowering in Arabidopsis. Treated seedlings also showed increased lignin production and antioxidant capabilities, as well as notably increased tolerance to water deficit and high salinity. An RNA-seq transcriptome analysis indicated that BJ3 treatment significantly activated genes related to immunity induction, hormone signaling, and vegetative growth. It specifically activated genes involved in the production of auxin, ethylene, and salicylic acid (SA), as well as genes involved in the synthesis of defense compounds like glucosinolates, camalexin, and terpenoids. The expression of AP2/ERF transcription factors was markedly increased. These findings highlight BJ3's potential to produce various bioactive metabolites and its ability to activate auxin, ethylene, and SA signaling in Arabidopsis, positioning it as a new Burkholderia strain that could significantly improve plant growth, stress resilience, and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Long Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Andi Kurniawan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
- Department of Agronomy, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Liou
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Der Wang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Huey-wen Chuang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
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Nakano RT, Shimasaki T. Long-Term Consequences of PTI Activation and Its Manipulation by Root-Associated Microbiota. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:681-693. [PMID: 38549511 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In nature, plants are constantly colonized by a massive diversity of microbes engaged in mutualistic, pathogenic or commensal relationships with the host. Molecular patterns present in these microbes activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which detects microbes in the apoplast or at the tissue surface. Whether and how PTI distinguishes among soil-borne pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, and commensal microbes within the soil microbiota remains unclear. PTI is a multimodal series of molecular events initiated by pattern perception, such as Ca2+ influx, reactive oxygen burst, and extensive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. These short-term responses may manifest within minutes to hours, while the long-term consequences of chronic PTI activation persist for days to weeks. Chronic activation of PTI is detrimental to plant growth, so plants need to coordinate growth and defense depending on the surrounding biotic and abiotic environments. Recent studies have demonstrated that root-associated commensal microbes can activate or suppress immune responses to variable extents, clearly pointing to the role of PTI in root-microbiota interactions. However, the molecular mechanisms by which root commensals interfere with root immunity and root immunity modulates microbial behavior remain largely elusive. Here, with a focus on the difference between short-term and long-term PTI responses, we summarize what is known about microbial interference with host PTI, especially in the context of root microbiota. We emphasize some missing pieces that remain to be characterized to promote the ultimate understanding of the role of plant immunity in root-microbiota interactions.
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Islam MM, Agake SI, Ito T, Habibi S, Yasuda M, Yamada T, Stacey G, Ohkama-Ohtsu N. Involvement of Peptidoglycan Receptor Proteins in Mediating the Growth-Promoting Effects of Bacillus pumilus TUAT1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:748-761. [PMID: 38372612 PMCID: PMC11138354 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus pumilus TUAT1 acts as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for various plants like rice and Arabidopsis. Under stress conditions, B. pumilus TUAT1 forms spores with a thick peptidoglycan (PGN) cell wall. Previous research showed that spores were significantly more effective than vegetative cells in enhancing plant growth. In Arabidopsis, lysin motif proteins, LYM1, LYM3 and CERK1, are required for recognizing bacterial PGNs to mediate immunity. Here, we examined the involvement of PGN receptor proteins in the plant growth promotion (PGP) effects of B. pumilus TUAT1 using Arabidopsis mutants defective in PGN receptors. Root growth of wild-type (WT), cerk1-1, lym1-1 and lym1-2 mutant plants was significantly increased by TUAT1 inoculation, but this was not the case for lym3-1 and lym3-2 mutant plants. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the expression of a number of defense-related genes was upregulated in lym3 mutant plants. These results suggested that B. pumilus TUAT1 may act to reduce the defense response, which is dependent on a functional LYM3. The expression of the defense-responsive gene, WRKY29, was significantly induced by the elicitor flg-22, in both WT and lym3 mutant plants, while this induction was significantly reduced by treatment with B. pumilus TUAT1 and PGNs in WT, but not in lym3 mutant plants. These findings suggest that the PGNs of B. pumilus TUAT1 may be recognized by the LYM3 receptor protein, suppressing the defense response, which results in plant growth promotion in a trade-off between defense and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Monirul Islam
- Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Agake
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538 Japan
| | - Takehiro Ito
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Safiullah Habibi
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Michiko Yasuda
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538 Japan
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538 Japan
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Gary Stacey
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538 Japan
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri-Columbia—Bond Life Science Center, 1201 Rollins St., Columbia, MO 65201-4231, USA
| | - Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538 Japan
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
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Inoue K, Tsuchida N, Saijo Y. Modulation of plant immunity and biotic interactions under phosphate deficiency. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:343-357. [PMID: 38693461 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant life and growth. P is primarily acquired in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from soil. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants have evolved an elaborate system to improve Pi acquisition and utilization through an array of developmental and physiological changes, termed Pi starvation response (PSR). Plants also assemble and manage mutualistic microbes to enhance Pi uptake, through integrating PSR and immunity signaling. A trade-off between plant growth and defense favors the notion that plants lower a cellular state of immunity to accommodate host-beneficial microbes for nutrition and growth at the cost of infection risk. However, the existing data indicate that plants selectively activate defense responses against pathogens, but do not or less against non-pathogens, even under nutrient deficiency. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the principles and mechanisms with which plants balance immunity and growth-related processes to optimize their adaptation to Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Inoue
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tsuchida
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saijo
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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Wang X, Zhang J, Lu X, Bai Y, Wang G. Two diversities meet in the rhizosphere: root specialized metabolites and microbiome. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:467-478. [PMID: 37879496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants serve as rich repositories of diverse chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized metabolites. These compounds are of importance for adaptive processes, including interactions with various microbes both beneficial and harmful. Considering microbes as bioreactors, the chemical diversity undergoes dynamic changes when root-derived specialized metabolites (RSMs) and microbes encounter each other in the rhizosphere. Recent advancements in sequencing techniques and molecular biology tools have not only accelerated the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of RSMs but also unveiled the significance of RSMs in plant-microbe interactions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the effects of RSMs on microbe assembly in the rhizosphere and the influence of corresponding microbial changes on plant health, incorporating the most up-to-date information available. Additionally, we highlight open questions that remain for a deeper understanding of and harnessing the potential of RSM-microbe interactions to enhance plant adaptation to the environment. Finally, we propose a pipeline for investigating the intricate associations between root exometabolites and the rhizomicrobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Xinjun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Chen M, Feng S, Lv H, Wang Z, Zeng Y, Shao C, Lin W, Zhang Z. OsCIPK2 mediated rice root microorganisms and metabolites to improve plant nitrogen uptake. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:285. [PMID: 38627617 PMCID: PMC11020999 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Crop roots are colonized by large numbers of microorganisms, collectively known as the root-microbiome, which modulate plant growth, development and contribute to elemental nutrient uptake. In conditions of nitrogen limitation, the over-expressed Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 2 (OsCIPK2) gene with root-specific promoter (RC) has been shown to enhance growth and nitrogen uptake in rice. Analysis of root-associated bacteria through high-throughput sequencing revealed that OsCIPK2 has a significant impact on the diversity of the root microbial community under low nitrogen stress. The quantification of nifH gene expression demonstrated a significant enhancement in nitrogen-fixing capabilities in the roots of RC transgenetic rice. Synthetic microbial communities (SynCom) consisting of six nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains were observed to be enriched in the roots of RC, leading to a substantial improvement in rice growth and nitrogen uptake in nitrogen-deficient soils. Forty and twenty-three metabolites exhibiting differential abundance were identified in the roots and rhizosphere soils of RC transgenic rice compared to wild-type (WT) rice. These findings suggest that OSCIPK2 plays a role in restructuring the microbial community in the roots through the regulation of metabolite synthesis and secretion. Further experiments involving the exogenous addition of citric acid revealed that an optimal concentration of this compound facilitated the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and substantially augmented their population in the soil, highlighting the importance of citric acid in promoting nitrogen fixation under conditions of low nitrogen availability. These findings suggest that OsCIPK2 plays a role in enhancing nitrogen uptake by rice plants from the soil by influencing the assembly of root microbial communities, thereby offering valuable insights for enhancing nitrogen utilization in rice cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Chen
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Shizhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - He Lv
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zewen Wang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yuhang Zeng
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Caihong Shao
- Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhixing Zhang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Rehneke L, Schäfer P. Symbiont effector-guided mapping of proteins in plant networks to improve crop climate stress resilience: Symbiont effectors inform highly interconnected plant protein networks and provide an untapped resource for crop climate resilience strategies. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300172. [PMID: 38388783 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for novel protection strategies to sustainably secure crop production under changing climates. Studying microbial effectors, defined as microbe-derived proteins that alter signalling inside plant cells, has advanced our understanding of plant immunity and microbial plant colonisation strategies. Our understanding of effectors in the establishment and beneficial outcome of plant symbioses is less well known. Combining functional and comparative interaction assays uncovered specific symbiont effector targets in highly interconnected plant signalling networks and revealed the potential of effectors in beneficially modulating plant traits. The diverse functionality of symbiont effectors differs from the paradigmatic immuno-suppressive function of pathogen effectors. These effectors provide solutions for improving crop resilience against climate stress by their evolution-driven specification in host protein targeting and modulation. Symbiont effectors represent stringent tools not only to identify genetic targets for crop breeding, but to serve as applicable agents in crop management strategies under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rehneke
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Patrick Schäfer
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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11
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Van Gerrewey T, Chung HS. MAPK Cascades in Plant Microbiota Structure and Functioning. J Microbiol 2024; 62:231-248. [PMID: 38587594 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signaling modules that coordinate diverse biological processes such as plant innate immunity and development. Recently, MAPK cascades have emerged as pivotal regulators of the plant holobiont, influencing the assembly of normal plant microbiota, essential for maintaining optimal plant growth and health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on MAPK cascades, from upstream perception of microbial stimuli to downstream host responses. Synthesizing recent findings, we explore the intricate connections between MAPK signaling and the assembly and functioning of plant microbiota. Additionally, the role of MAPK activation in orchestrating dynamic changes in root exudation to shape microbiota composition is discussed. Finally, our review concludes by emphasizing the necessity for more sophisticated techniques to accurately decipher the role of MAPK signaling in establishing the plant holobiont relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Van Gerrewey
- Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoo Sun Chung
- Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Zhou J, Stringlis IA, Wen J, Liu Y, Xu S, Wang R. Interplay between Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, the bacteriome and phytopathogens in Lycoris radiata. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2258-2274. [PMID: 38105545 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are a large group of plant secondary metabolites with various structures and activities. It is important to understand their functions in the interplay between plants and the beneficial and pathogenic microbiota. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are unique secondary metabolites in Amaryllidaceae plants. Here, we studied the interplay between AAs and the bacteriome in Lycoris radiata, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant containing high amounts of AAs. The relationship between AAs and bacterial composition in different tissues of L. radiata was studied. In vitro experiments revealed that AAs have varying levels of antimicrobial activity against endophytic bacteria and pathogenic fungi, indicating the importance of AA synthesis in maintaining a balance between plants and beneficial/pathogenic microbiota. Using bacterial synthetic communities with different compositions, we observed a positive feedback loop between bacteria insensitive to AAs and their ability to increase accumulation of AAs in L. radiata, especially in leaves. This may allow insensitive bacteria to outcompete sensitive ones for plant resources. Moreover, the accumulation of AAs enhanced by insensitive bacteria could benefit plants when challenged with fungal pathogens. This study highlights the functions of alkaloids in plant-microbe interactions, opening new avenues for designing plant microbiomes that could contribute to sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Ioannis A Stringlis
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Jian Wen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, 210014, Nanjing, China
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13
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Jing Y, Zhao F, Lai K, Sun F, Sun C, Zou X, Xu M, Fu A, Sharifi R, Chen J, Zheng X, Luan S. Plant elicitor Peptides regulate root hair development in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336129. [PMID: 38425796 PMCID: PMC10902123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Plant Elicitor Peptides (Peps) induce plant immune responses and inhibit root growth through their receptors PEPR1 and PEPR2, two receptor-like kinases. In our study, we found a previously unknown function of Peps that enhance root hair growth in a PEPRs-independent manner. When we characterized the expression patterns of PROPEP genes, we found several gene promoters of PROPEP gene family were particularly active in root hairs. Furthermore, we observed that PROPEP2 is vital for root hair development, as disruption of PROPEP2 gene led to a significant reduction in root hair density and length. We also discovered that PROPEP2 regulates root hair formation via the modulation of CPC and GL2 expression, thereby influencing the cell-fate determination of root hairs. Additionally, calcium signaling appeared to be involved in PROPEP2/Pep2-induced root hair growth. These findings shed light on the function of Peps in root hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jing
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Lai
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenjie Sun
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingyue Zou
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Xu
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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14
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Watkins JM, Montes C, Clark NM, Song G, Oliveira CC, Mishra B, Brachova L, Seifert CM, Mitchell MS, Yang J, Braga Dos Reis PA, Urano D, Muktar MS, Walley JW, Jones AM. Phosphorylation Dynamics in a flg22-Induced, G Protein-Dependent Network Reveals the AtRGS1 Phosphatase. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100705. [PMID: 38135118 PMCID: PMC10837098 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbe-associated molecular pattern flg22 is recognized in a flagellin-sensitive 2-dependent manner in root tip cells. Here, we show a rapid and massive change in protein abundance and phosphorylation state of the Arabidopsis root cell proteome in WT and a mutant deficient in heterotrimeric G-protein-coupled signaling. flg22-induced changes fall on proteins comprising a subset of this proteome, the heterotrimeric G protein interactome, and on highly-populated hubs of the immunity network. Approximately 95% of the phosphorylation changes in the heterotrimeric G-protein interactome depend, at least partially, on a functional G protein complex. One member of this interactome is ATBα, a substrate-recognition subunit of a protein phosphatase 2A complex and an interactor to Arabidopsis thaliana Regulator of G Signaling 1 protein (AtRGS1), a flg22-phosphorylated, 7-transmembrane spanning modulator of the nucleotide-binding state of the core G-protein complex. A null mutation of ATBα strongly increases basal endocytosis of AtRGS1. AtRGS1 steady-state protein level is lower in the atbα mutant in a proteasome-dependent manner. We propose that phosphorylation-dependent endocytosis of AtRGS1 is part of the mechanism to degrade AtRGS1, thus sustaining activation of the heterotrimeric G protein complex required for the regulation of system dynamics in innate immunity. The PP2A(ATBα) complex is a critical regulator of this signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Watkins
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christian Montes
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Natalie M Clark
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Gaoyuan Song
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Celio Cabral Oliveira
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Bharat Mishra
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Libuse Brachova
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Clara M Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Malek S Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Daisuke Urano
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Shahid Muktar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Justin W Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
| | - Alan M Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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15
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Meshram S, Adhikari TB. Microbiome-Mediated Strategies to Manage Major Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:364. [PMID: 38337897 PMCID: PMC10856849 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is consumed globally as a fresh vegetable due to its high nutritional value and antioxidant properties. However, soil-borne diseases can severely limit tomato production. These diseases, such as bacterial wilt (BW), Fusarium wilt (FW), Verticillium wilt (VW), and root-knot nematodes (RKN), can significantly reduce the yield and quality of tomatoes. Using agrochemicals to combat these diseases can lead to chemical residues, pesticide resistance, and environmental pollution. Unfortunately, resistant varieties are not yet available. Therefore, we must find alternative strategies to protect tomatoes from these soil-borne diseases. One of the most promising solutions is harnessing microbial communities that can suppress disease and promote plant growth and immunity. Recent omics technologies and next-generation sequencing advances can help us develop microbiome-based strategies to mitigate tomato soil-borne diseases. This review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to understanding the utilization of beneficial microbiomes to mitigate soil-borne diseases and improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Meshram
- Department of Plant Pathology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India;
| | - Tika B. Adhikari
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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16
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Liu Y, Xu Z, Chen L, Xun W, Shu X, Chen Y, Sun X, Wang Z, Ren Y, Shen Q, Zhang R. Root colonization by beneficial rhizobacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuad066. [PMID: 38093453 PMCID: PMC10786197 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbes play critical roles for plant's growth and health. Among them, the beneficial rhizobacteria have the potential to be developed as the biofertilizer or bioinoculants for sustaining the agricultural development. The efficient rhizosphere colonization of these rhizobacteria is a prerequisite for exerting their plant beneficial functions, but the colonizing process and underlying mechanisms have not been thoroughly reviewed, especially for the nonsymbiotic beneficial rhizobacteria. This review systematically analyzed the root colonizing process of the nonsymbiotic rhizobacteria and compared it with that of the symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria. This review also highlighted the approaches to improve the root colonization efficiency and proposed to study the rhizobacterial colonization from a holistic perspective of the rhizosphere microbiome under more natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 1 Shuizha West Road, Beijing 102300, P.R. China
| | - Weibing Xun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xia Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zhengqi Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-Based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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17
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Basak AK, Piasecka A, Hucklenbroich J, Türksoy GM, Guan R, Zhang P, Getzke F, Garrido-Oter R, Hacquard S, Strzałka K, Bednarek P, Yamada K, Nakano RT. ER body-resident myrosinases and tryptophan specialized metabolism modulate root microbiota assembly. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:329-342. [PMID: 37771245 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bodies are ER-derived structures that contain a large amount of PYK10 myrosinase, which hydrolyzes tryptophan (Trp)-derived indole glucosinolates (IGs). Given the well-described role of IGs in root-microbe interactions, we hypothesized that ER bodies in roots are important for interaction with soil-borne microbes at the root-soil interface. We used mutants impaired in ER bodies (nai1), ER body-resident myrosinases (pyk10bglu21), IG biosynthesis (myb34/51/122), and Trp specialized metabolism (cyp79b2b3) to profile their root microbiota community in natural soil, evaluate the impact of axenically collected root exudates on soil or synthetic microbial communities, and test their response to fungal endophytes in a mono-association setup. Tested mutants exhibited altered bacterial and fungal communities in rhizoplane and endosphere, respectively. Natural soils and bacterial synthetic communities treated with mutant root exudates exhibited distinctive microbial profiles from those treated with wild-type (WT) exudates. Most tested endophytes severely restricted the growth of cyp79b2b3, a part of which also impaired the growth of pyk10bglu21. Our results suggest that root ER bodies and their resident myrosinases modulate the profile of root-secreted metabolites and thereby influence root-microbiota interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Kumar Basak
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Anna Piasecka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, 61-704, Poland
| | - Jana Hucklenbroich
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Gözde Merve Türksoy
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Rui Guan
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Pengfan Zhang
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Felix Getzke
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Ruben Garrido-Oter
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Stephane Hacquard
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Kazimierz Strzałka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
| | - Paweł Bednarek
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, 61-704, Poland
| | - Kenji Yamada
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
| | - Ryohei Thomas Nakano
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
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18
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Santangeli M, Steininger-Mairinger T, Vetterlein D, Hann S, Oburger E. Maize (Zea mays L.) root exudation profiles change in quality and quantity during plant development - A field study. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111896. [PMID: 37838155 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering root exudate composition of soil-grown plants is considered a crucial step to better understand plant-soil-microbe interactions affecting plant growth performance. In this study, two genotypes of Zea mays L. (WT, rth3) differing in root hair elongation were grown in the field in two substrates (sand, loam) in custom-made, perforated columns inserted into the field plots. Root exudates were collected at different plant developmental stages (BBCH 14, 19, 59, 83) using a soil-hydroponic-hybrid exudation sampling approach. Exudates were characterized by LC-MS based non-targeted metabolomics, as well as by photometric assays targeting total dissolved organic carbon, soluble carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and phenolics. Results showed that plant developmental stage was the main driver shaping both the composition and quantity of exuded compounds. Carbon (C) exudation per plant increased with increasing biomass production over time, while C exudation rate per cm² root surface area h-1 decreased with plant maturity. Furthermore, exudation rates were higher in the substrate with lower nutrient mobility (i.e., loam). Surprisingly, we observed higher exudation rates in the root hairless rth3 mutant compared to the root hair-forming WT sibling, though exudate metabolite composition remained similar. Our results highlight the impact of plant developmental stage on the plant-soil-microbe interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Santangeli
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Steininger-Mairinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Department of Soil System Science, UFZ, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Stephan Hann
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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19
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Jing Y, Zheng X, Sharifi R, Chen J. Plant elicitor peptide induces endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1328250. [PMID: 38186590 PMCID: PMC10766710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1328250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In plants, the regulation of plasma membrane (PM) dynamics through endocytosis plays a crucial role in responding to external environmental cues and defending against pathogens. The Arabidopsis plant elicitor peptides (Peps), originating from precursor proteins called PROPEPs, have been implicated in various aspects of plant immunity. This study delves into the signaling pathway of Peps, particularly Pep1, and its effect on PM protein internalization. Using PIN2 and BRI1 as PM markers, we demonstrated that Pep1 stimulates the endocytosis of these PM-localized proteins through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). CLC2 and CLC3, two light chains of clathrin, are vital for Pep1-induced PIN2-GFP and BRI1-GFP internalization.The internalized PIN2 and BRI1 are subsequently transported to the vacuole via the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) and prevacuolar compartment (PVC) pathways. Intriguingly, salicylic acid (SA) negatively regulates the effect of Pep1 on PM endocytosis. This study sheds light on a previously unknown signaling pathway by which danger peptides like Pep1 influence PM dynamics, contributing to a deeper understanding of the function of plant elicitor peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jing
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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20
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Song S, Morales Moreira Z, Briggs AL, Zhang XC, Diener AC, Haney CH. PSKR1 balances the plant growth-defence trade-off in the rhizosphere microbiome. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:2071-2084. [PMID: 37973937 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Microbiota benefit their hosts by improving nutrient uptake and pathogen protection. How host immunity restricts microbiota while avoiding autoimmunity is poorly understood. Here we show that the Arabidopsis phytosulfokine receptor 1 (pskr1) mutant displays autoimmunity (plant stunting, defence-gene expression and reduced rhizosphere bacterial growth) in response to growth-promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiome profiling and microbiota colonization showed that PSKR1-mediated reduction in bacterial growth and stunting is largely specific to Pseudomonas. Transcriptional profiling demonstrated that PSKR1 regulates the growth-defence trade-off during Pseudomonas colonization: PSKR1 upregulates plant photosynthesis and root growth but suppresses salicylic-acid-mediated defences. Genetic epistasis experiments showed that pskr1 stunting and restriction of bacterial growth are salicylic acid dependent. Finally, we showed that Pseudomonas, but not other bacteria, induces PSKR1 expression in roots, suggesting that Pseudomonas might manipulate plant signalling to promote its colonization. Our data demonstrate a genetic mechanism to coordinate beneficial functions of the microbiome while preventing autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zayda Morales Moreira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annika L Briggs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xue-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew C Diener
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cara H Haney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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21
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Oldstone-Jackson C, Huang F, Bergelson J. Microbe-associated molecular pattern recognition receptors have little effect on endophytic Arabidopsis thaliana microbiome assembly in the field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1276472. [PMID: 38023837 PMCID: PMC10663345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant microbiome structure affects plant health and productivity. A limited subset of environmental microbes successfully establishes within plant tissues, but the forces underlying this selectivity remain poorly characterized. Transmembrane pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), used by plants to detect microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), are strong candidates for achieving this selectivity because PRRs can potentially interact with many members of the microbiome. Indeed, MAMPs found in many microbial taxa, including beneficials and commensals, can instigate a robust immune response that affects microbial growth. Surprisingly, we found that MAMP-detecting PRRs have little effect on endophytic bacterial and fungal microbiome structure in the field. We compared the microbiomes of four PRR knockout lines of Arabidopsis thaliana to wild-type plants in multiple tissue types over several developmental stages and detected only subtle shifts in fungal, but not bacterial, β-diversity in one of the four PRR mutants. In one developmental stage, lore mutants had slightly altered fungal β-diversity, indicating that LORE may be involved in plant-fungal interactions in addition to its known role in detecting certain bacterial lipids. No other effects of PRRs on α-diversity, microbiome variability, within-individual homogeneity, or microbial load were found. The general lack of effect suggests that individual MAMP-detecting PRRs are not critical in shaping the endophytic plant microbiome. Rather, we suggest that MAMP-detecting PRRs must either act in concert and/or are individually maintained through pleiotropic effects or interactions with coevolved mutualists or pathogens. Although unexpected, these results offer insights into the role of MAMP-detecting PRRs in plant-microbe interactions and help direct future efforts to uncover host genetic elements that control plant microbiome assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Joy Bergelson
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Shirakawa M, Matsushita N, Fukuda K. Visualization of root extracellular traps in an ectomycorrhizal woody plant (Pinus densiflora) and their interactions with root-associated bacteria. PLANTA 2023; 258:112. [PMID: 37935872 PMCID: PMC10630192 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Extracellular traps in the primary root of Pinus densiflora contribute to root-associated bacterial colonization. Trapped rhizobacteria induce the production of reactive oxygen species in root-associated, cap-derived cells. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) woody plants, such as members of Pinaceae and Fagaceae, can acquire resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses through the formation of mycorrhiza with ECM fungi. However, germinated tree seedlings do not have mycorrhizae and it takes several weeks for ectomycorrhizae to form on their root tips. Therefore, to confer protection during the early growth stage, bare primary roots require defense mechanisms other than mycorrhization. Here, we attempted to visualize root extracellular traps (RETs), an innate root defense mechanism, in the primary root of Pinus densiflora and investigate the interactions with root-associated bacteria isolated from ECM and fine non-mycorrhizal roots. Histological and histochemical imaging and colony-forming unit assays demonstrated that RETs in P. densiflora, mainly consisting of root-associated, cap-derived cells (AC-DCs) and large amounts of root mucilage, promote bacterial colonization in the rhizosphere, despite also having bactericidal activity via extracellular DNA. Four rhizobacterial strains retarded the mycelial growth of a pathogenic strain belonging to the Fusarium oxysporum species complex in dual culture assay. They also induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from host tree AC-DCs without being excluded from the rhizosphere of P. densiflora. Applying three Paraburkholderia strains, especially PM O-EM8 and PF T-NM22, showed significant differences in the ROS levels from the control group. These results reveal the indirect contributions of rhizobacteria to host root defense and suggest that root-associated bacteria could be a component of RETs as a first line of defense against root pathogens in the early growth stage of ECM woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Shirakawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Norihisa Matsushita
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukuda
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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23
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Meddya S, Meshram S, Sarkar D, S R, Datta R, Singh S, Avinash G, Kumar Kondeti A, Savani AK, Thulasinathan T. Plant Stomata: An Unrealized Possibility in Plant Defense against Invading Pathogens and Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3380. [PMID: 37836120 PMCID: PMC10574665 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are crucial structures in plants that play a primary role in the infection process during a pathogen's attack, as they act as points of access for invading pathogens to enter host tissues. Recent evidence has revealed that stomata are integral to the plant defense system and can actively impede invading pathogens by triggering plant defense responses. Stomata interact with diverse pathogen virulence factors, granting them the capacity to influence plant susceptibility and resistance. Moreover, recent studies focusing on the environmental and microbial regulation of stomatal closure and opening have shed light on the epidemiology of bacterial diseases in plants. Bacteria and fungi can induce stomatal closure using pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), effectively preventing entry through these openings and positioning stomata as a critical component of the plant's innate immune system; however, despite this defense mechanism, some microorganisms have evolved strategies to overcome stomatal protection. Interestingly, recent research supports the hypothesis that stomatal closure caused by PAMPs may function as a more robust barrier against pathogen infection than previously believed. On the other hand, plant stomatal closure is also regulated by factors such as abscisic acid and Ca2+-permeable channels, which will also be discussed in this review. Therefore, this review aims to discuss various roles of stomata during biotic and abiotic stress, such as insects and water stress, and with specific context to pathogens and their strategies for evading stomatal defense, subverting plant resistance, and overcoming challenges faced by infectious propagules. These pathogens must navigate specific plant tissues and counteract various constitutive and inducible resistance mechanisms, making the role of stomata in plant defense an essential area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Meddya
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Shweta Meshram
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Deepranjan Sarkar
- Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Rakesh S
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736165, India;
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, India;
| | - Gosangi Avinash
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141027, India;
| | - Arun Kumar Kondeti
- Department of Agronomy, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal 518502, India;
| | - Ajit Kumar Savani
- Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India;
| | - Thiyagarajan Thulasinathan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India;
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24
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Yang Y, He Y, Lv S, Zhu H, Wang T, Wang G, Hong N, Wang L. The PcMYB44-mediated miR397-PcLACs module regulates defence-induced lignification in pear resistance to fungal disease. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:1107-1125. [PMID: 37312259 PMCID: PMC10423334 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diseases caused by Alternaria alternata and Botryosphaeria dothidea diminish pear yield and quality, and restrict the pear agricultural industry. Lignification is a conserved mechanism for plant resistance against pathogen invasion. The regulatory mechanisms underlying defence-induced lignification in pear in response to fungal pathogen infection remain unknown. In this study, analysis of lignification level and lignin content in pear revealed that A. alternata and B. dothidea induced lignification, and transcriptomics showed that lignin biosynthesis was affected. To explore whether laccases (LACs) mediated by miR397 regulate lignification in pear, we investigated the role of PcmiR397 in repressing the expression of PcLACs using 5'-RNA ligase-mediated-RACE and co-transformation in tobacco. Opposite expression patterns for PcmiR397 and PcLAC target genes were observed in pear in response to pathogens. Transient transformation in pear demonstrated that silencing PcmiR397 and overexpressing a single PcLAC enhanced resistance to pathogens via lignin synthesis. To further reveal the mechanism underpinning the PcMIR397 response of pear to pathogens, the PcMIR397 promoter was analysed, and pMIR397-1039 was found to be inhibited by pathogen infection. The transcription factor PcMYB44 was up-regulated, and it bound to the PcMIR397 promoter and inhibited transcription following pathogen infection. The results demonstrate the role of PcmiR397-PcLACs in broad-spectrum resistance to fungal disease, and the potential role of PcMYB44 involved in the miR397-PcLAC module in regulating defence-induced lignification. The findings provide valuable candidate gene resources and guidance for molecular breeding to improve resistance to fungal disease in pear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuekun Yang
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ying He
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shamei Lv
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Haodong Zhu
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Guoping Wang
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ni Hong
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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25
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Zhu J, Moreno-Pérez A, Coaker G. Understanding plant pathogen interactions using spatial and single-cell technologies. Commun Biol 2023; 6:814. [PMID: 37542114 PMCID: PMC10403533 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are in contact with diverse pathogens and microorganisms. Intense investigation over the last 30 years has resulted in the identification of multiple immune receptors in model and crop species as well as signaling overlap in surface-localized and intracellular immune receptors. However, scientists still have a limited understanding of how plants respond to diverse pathogens with spatial and cellular resolution. Recent advancements in single-cell, single-nucleus and spatial technologies can now be applied to plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we outline the current state of these technologies and highlight outstanding biological questions that can be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Alba Moreno-Pérez
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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26
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Tsai HH, Wang J, Geldner N, Zhou F. Spatiotemporal control of root immune responses during microbial colonization. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 74:102369. [PMID: 37141807 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The entire evolutionary trajectory of plants towards large and complex multi-cellular organisms has been accompanied by incessant interactions with omnipresent unicellular microbes. This led to the evolution of highly complex microbial communities, whose members display the entire spectrum of pathogenic to mutualistic behaviors. Plant roots are dynamic, fractally growing organs and even small Arabidopsis roots harbor millions of individual microbes of diverse taxa. It is evident that microbes at different positions on a root surface could experience fundamentally different environments, which, moreover, rapidly change over time. Differences in spatial scales between microbes and roots compares to humans and the cities they inhabit. Such considerations make it evident that mechanisms of root-microbe interactions can only be understood if analyzed at relevant spatial and temporal scales. This review attempts to provide an overview of the rapid recent progress that has been made in mapping and manipulating plant damage and immune responses at cellular resolution, as well as in visualizing bacterial communities and their transcriptional activities. We further discuss the impact that such approaches will have for a more predictive understanding of root-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiachang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Niko Geldner
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Feng Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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27
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Yang S, Jung S, Lee H. Heterotrimeric G Protein-Mediated Signaling Is Involved in Stress-Mediated Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11027. [PMID: 37446209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signaling plays a vital role in physiological and developmental processes in eukaryotes. On the other hand, because of the absence of a G protein-coupled receptor and self-activating mechanism of the Gα subunit, plants appear to have different regulatory mechanisms, which remain to be elucidated, compared to canonical G protein signaling established in animals. Here we report that Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein subunits, such as Gα (GPA1) and Gβ (AGB1), regulate plant growth under stress conditions through the analysis of heterotrimeric G protein mutants. Flg22-mediated growth inhibition in wild-type roots was found to be caused by a defect in the elongation zone, which was partially blocked in agb1-2 but not gpa1-4. These results suggest that AGB1 may negatively regulate plant growth under biotic stress conditions. In addition, GPA1 and AGB1 exhibited genetically opposite effects on FCA-mediated growth inhibition under heat stress conditions. Therefore, these results suggest that plant G protein signaling is probably related to stress-mediated growth regulation for developmental plasticity in response to biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soeun Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 03169, Republic of Korea
| | - Seohee Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 03169, Republic of Korea
| | - Horim Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 03169, Republic of Korea
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28
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Verbon EH, Liberman LM, Zhou J, Yin J, Pieterse CMJ, Benfey PN, Stringlis IA, de Jonge R. Cell-type-specific transcriptomics reveals that root hairs and endodermal barriers play important roles in beneficial plant-rhizobacterium interactions. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1160-1177. [PMID: 37282370 PMCID: PMC10527033 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth- and health-promoting bacteria can boost crop productivity in a sustainable way. Pseudomonas simiae WCS417 is such a bacterium that efficiently colonizes roots, modifies the architecture of the root system to increase its size, and induces systemic resistance to make plants more resistant to pests and pathogens. Our previous work suggested that WCS417-induced phenotypes are controlled by root cell-type-specific mechanisms. However, it remains unclear how WCS417 affects these mechanisms. In this study, we transcriptionally profiled five Arabidopsis thaliana root cell types following WCS417 colonization. We found that the cortex and endodermis have the most differentially expressed genes, even though they are not in direct contact with this epiphytic bacterium. Many of these genes are associated with reduced cell wall biogenesis, and mutant analysis suggests that this downregulation facilitates WCS417-driven root architectural changes. Furthermore, we observed elevated expression of suberin biosynthesis genes and increased deposition of suberin in the endodermis of WCS417-colonized roots. Using an endodermal barrier mutant, we showed the importance of endodermal barrier integrity for optimal plant-beneficial bacterium association. Comparison of the transcriptome profiles in the two epidermal cell types that are in direct contact with WCS417-trichoblasts that form root hairs and atrichoblasts that do not-implies a difference in potential for defense gene activation. While both cell types respond to WCS417, trichoblasts displayed both higher basal and WCS417-dependent activation of defense-related genes compared with atrichoblasts. This suggests that root hairs may activate root immunity, a hypothesis that is supported by differential immune responses in root hair mutants. Taken together, these results highlight the strength of cell-type-specific transcriptional profiling to uncover "masked" biological mechanisms underlying beneficial plant-microbe associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H Verbon
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Louisa M Liberman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Yin
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Corné M J Pieterse
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Philip N Benfey
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ioannis A Stringlis
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Ronnie de Jonge
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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29
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Nguyen TNH, Leclerc L, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A, Vicré M, Morvan-Bertrand A, Prud'homme MP. Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense-related genes in non-fructan accumulating plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13975. [PMID: 37616010 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The identification of several fructan exohydrolases (FEHs, EC 3.2.1.80) in non-fructan accumulating plants raised the question of their roles. FEHs may be defense-related proteins involved in the interactions with fructan-accumulating microorganisms. Since known defense-related proteins are upregulated by defense-related phytohormones, we tested the hypothesis that FEHs of non-fructan accumulating plants are upregulated by salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the agronomically relevant and genetically related species Brassica napus. By sequence homologies with the two known FEH genes of A. thaliana, At6-FEH, and At6&1-FEH, the genes coding for the putative B. napus FEHs, Bn6-FEH and Bn6&1-FEH, were identified. Plants were treated at root level with SA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). The transcript levels of defense-related and FEH genes were measured after treatments. MeJA and ACC did not upregulate FEHs, while HEL (HEVEIN-LIKE PREPROTEIN) expression was enhanced by both phytohormones. In both species, the expression of AOS, encoding a JA biosynthesis enzyme, was enhanced by MeJA and that of the defensine PDF1.2 and the ET signaling transcription factor ERF1/2 by ACC. In contrast, SA not only increased the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial proteins (PR1 and HEL) and the defense-related transcription factor WRKY70 but also that of FEH genes, in particular 6&1-FEH genes. This result supports the putative role of FEHs as defense-related proteins. Genotypic variability of SA-mediated FEH regulation (transcript level and activities) was observed among five varieties of B. napus, suggesting different susceptibilities toward fructan-accumulating pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Hanh Nguyen
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
- Normandie Université, Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA 4358, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Rouen, France
| | - Laëtitia Leclerc
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
| | | | - Antoine Gravot
- Institut Agro, Université Rennes, INRAE, IGEPP, Le Rheu, France
| | - Maïté Vicré
- Normandie Université, Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA 4358, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Rouen, France
| | - Annette Morvan-Bertrand
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud'homme
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
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30
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Wang X, Cheng R, Xu D, Huang R, Li H, Jin L, Wu Y, Tang J, Sun C, Peng D, Chu C, Guo X. MG1 interacts with a protease inhibitor and confers resistance to rice root-knot nematode. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3354. [PMID: 37291108 PMCID: PMC10250356 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) is one of the most destructive pests threatening rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in Asia; however, no rice resistance genes have been cloned. Here, we demonstrate that M. GRAMINICOLA-RESISTANCE GENE 1 (MG1), an R gene highly expressed at the site of nematode invasion, determines resistance against the nematode in several rice varieties. Introgressing MG1 into susceptible varieties increases resistance comparable to resistant varieties, for which the leucine-rich repeat domain is critical for recognizing root-knot nematode invasion. We also report transcriptome and cytological changes that are correlated with a rapid and robust response during the incompatible interaction that occurs in resistant rice upon nematode invasion. Furthermore, we identified a putative protease inhibitor that directly interacts with MG1 during MG1-mediated resistance. Our findings provide insight into the molecular basis of nematode resistance as well as valuable resources for developing rice varieties with improved nematode resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Daochao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Renliang Huang
- Nanchang Subcenter of Rice National Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Haoxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiuyou Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 625014, China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Huang Y, Cui J, Li M, Yang R, Hu Y, Yu X, Chen Y, Wu Q, Yao H, Yu G, Guo J, Zhang H, Wu S, Cai Y. Conservation and divergence of flg22, pep1 and nlp20 in activation of immune response and inhibition of root development. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 331:111686. [PMID: 36963637 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and their corresponding ligands have been identified. However, it is largely unknown how similar and different these ligands are in inducing plant innate immunity and affecting plant development. In this study, we examined three well characterized ligands in Arabidopsis thaliana, namely flagellin 22 (flg22), plant elicitor peptide 1 (pep1) and a conserved 20-amino-acid fragment found in most necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1-like proteins (nlp20). Our quantitative analyses detected the differences in amplitude in the early immune responses of these ligands, with nlp20-induced responses typically being slower than those mediated by flg22 and pep1. RNA sequencing showed the shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was mostly enriched in defense response, whereas nlp20-regulated genes represent only a fraction of those genes differentially regulated by flg22 and pep1. The three elicitors all inhibited primary root growth, especially pep1, which inhibited both auxin transport and signaling pathway. In addition, pep1 significantly inhibited the cell division and genes involved in cell cycle. Compared with flg22 and nlp20, pep1 induced much stronger expression of its receptor in roots, suggesting a potential positive feedback regulation in the activation of immune response. Despite PRRs and their co-receptor BAK1 were necessary for both PAMP induced immune response and root growth inhibition, bik1 mutant only showed impaired defense response but relatively normal root growth inhibition, suggesting BIK1 acts differently in these two biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Junmei Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Horticulture, FAFU-UCR Joint Center and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Rongqian Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaosong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- Lusyno Biotech Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huipeng Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Guozhi Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jinya Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huaiyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shuang Wu
- College of Horticulture, FAFU-UCR Joint Center and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
| | - Yi Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China.
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32
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Liu Q, Cheng L, Nian H, Jin J, Lian T. Linking plant functional genes to rhizosphere microbes: a review. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:902-917. [PMID: 36271765 PMCID: PMC10106864 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The importance of rhizomicrobiome in plant development, nutrition acquisition and stress tolerance is unquestionable. Relevant plant genes corresponding to the above functions also regulate rhizomicrobiome construction. Deciphering the molecular regulatory network of plant-microbe interactions could substantially contribute to improving crop yield and quality. Here, the plant gene-related nutrient uptake, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, which may influence the composition and function of microbial communities, are discussed in this review. In turn, the influence of microbes on the expression of functional plant genes, and thereby plant growth and immunity, is also reviewed. Moreover, we have specifically paid attention to techniques and methods used to link plant functional genes and rhizomicrobiome. Finally, we propose to further explore the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways of microbe-host gene interactions, which could potentially be used for managing plant health in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lang Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Jin
- Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Jing Y, Zou X, Sun C, Qin X, Zheng X. Danger-associate peptide regulates root immunity in Arabidopsis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 663:163-170. [PMID: 37121126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant elicitor peptides (Peps) are recognized by two receptor-like kinases, PEPR1 and PEPR2, and trigger plant immunity responses and root growth inhibition. In this study, we reveal that the Pep-PEPR system triggers root immunity responses in Arabidopsis. Pep1 incubation initiated callose and lignin deposition in roots of wild type but not in that of pepr1 pepr2 mutant seedlings. The plasma membrane-associated kinase BIK1, which serves downstream of the Pep-PEPR signaling pathway, was essential for Pep1-induced root immunity responses. Interestingly, disruption of PEPR1/2-associated coreceptor BAK1 enhanced the deposition of both callose and lignin induced by Pep1 in roots. Ethylene and salicylic acid signaling are involved in Pep1-induced root immunity responses. Furthermore, we showed that the successful phytopathogen, P. syringae (DC3000) could effectively suppress Pep1-trigged root callose and lignin accumulation. These results demonstrated the endogenous Pep-triggered root immunity responses and pathogenic suppression of the Pep-PEPR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jing
- Chinese Education Ministry's Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xingyue Zou
- Chinese Education Ministry's Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Chenjie Sun
- Chinese Education Ministry's Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xiaobo Qin
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610015, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- Chinese Education Ministry's Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
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Koprivova A, Schwier M, Volz V, Kopriva S. Shoot-root interaction in control of camalexin exudation in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2667-2679. [PMID: 36651631 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants exude secondary metabolites from the roots to shape the composition and function of their microbiome. Many of these compounds are known for their anti-microbial activities and play a role in plant immunity, such as the indole-derived phytoalexin camalexin. Here we studied the dynamics of camalexin synthesis and exudation upon interaction of Arabidopsis thaliana with the plant growth promoting bacteria Pseudomonas sp. CH267 or the bacterial pathogen Burkholderia glumae PG1. We show that while camalexin accumulation and exudation is more rapidly but transiently induced upon interaction with the growth promoting bacteria, the pathogen induces higher and more stable camalexin levels. By combination of experiments with cut shoots and roots, and grafting of wild-type plants with mutants in camalexin synthesis, we showed that while camalexin can be produced and released by both organs, in intact plants exuded camalexin originates in the shoots. We also reveal that the root specific CYP71A27 protein specifically affects the outcome of the interaction with the plant growth promoting bacteria and that its transcript levels are controlled by a shoot derived signal. In conclusion, camalexin synthesis seems to be controlled on a whole plant level and is coordinated between the shoots and the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koprivova
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Melina Schwier
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Volz
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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Sharma I, Kashyap S, Agarwala N. Biotic stress-induced changes in root exudation confer plant stress tolerance by altering rhizospheric microbial community. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132824. [PMID: 36968415 PMCID: PMC10036841 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Every organism on the earth maintains some kind of interaction with its neighbours. As plants are sessile, they sense the varied above-ground and below-ground environmental stimuli and decipher these dialogues to the below-ground microbes and neighbouring plants via root exudates as chemical signals resulting in the modulation of the rhizospheric microbial community. The composition of root exudates depends upon the host genotype, environmental cues, and interaction of plants with other biotic factors. Crosstalk of plants with biotic agents such as herbivores, microbes, and neighbouring plants can change host plant root exudate composition, which may permit either positive or negative interactions to generate a battlefield in the rhizosphere. Compatible microbes utilize the plant carbon sources as their organic nutrients and show robust co-evolutionary changes in changing circumstances. In this review, we have mainly focused on the different biotic factors responsible for the synthesis of alternative root exudate composition leading to the modulation of rhizosphere microbiota. Understanding the stress-induced root exudate composition and resulting change in microbial community can help us to devise strategies in engineering plant microbiomes to enhance plant adaptive capabilities in a stressful environment.
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36
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Parmagnani AS, Kanchiswamy CN, Paponov IA, Bossi S, Malnoy M, Maffei ME. Bacterial Volatiles (mVOC) Emitted by the Phytopathogen Erwinia amylovora Promote Arabidopsis thaliana Growth and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030600. [PMID: 36978848 PMCID: PMC10045578 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogens are well known for their devastating activity that causes worldwide significant crop losses. However, their exploitation for crop welfare is relatively unknown. Here, we show that the microbial volatile organic compound (mVOC) profile of the bacterial phytopathogen, Erwinia amylovora, enhances Arabidopsis thaliana shoot and root growth. GC-MS head-space analyses revealed the presence of typical microbial volatiles, including 1-nonanol and 1-dodecanol. E. amylovora mVOCs triggered early signaling events including plasma transmembrane potential Vm depolarization, cytosolic Ca2+ fluctuation, K+-gated channel activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) burst from few minutes to 16 h upon exposure. These early events were followed by the modulation of the expression of genes involved in plant growth and defense responses and responsive to phytohormones, including abscisic acid, gibberellin, and auxin (including the efflux carriers PIN1 and PIN3). When tested, synthetic 1-nonanol and 1-dodecanol induced root growth and modulated genes coding for ROS. Our results show that E. amylovora mVOCs affect A. thaliana growth through a cascade of early and late signaling events that involve phytohormones and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra S. Parmagnani
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ivan A. Paponov
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simone Bossi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5967
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A Germin-Like Protein GLP1 of Legumes Mediates Symbiotic Nodulation by Interacting with an Outer Membrane Protein of Rhizobia. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0335022. [PMID: 36633436 PMCID: PMC9927233 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03350-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia can infect legumes and induce the coordinated expression of symbiosis and defense genes for the establishment of mutualistic symbiosis. Numerous studies have elucidated the molecular interactions between rhizobia and host plants, which are associated with Nod factor, exopolysaccharide, and T3SS effector proteins. However, there have been relatively few reports about how the host plant recognizes the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of rhizobia to mediate symbiotic nodulation. In our previous work, a gene (Mhopa22) encoding an OMP was identified in Mesorhizobium huakuii 7653R, whose homologous genes are widely distributed in Rhizobiales. In this study, a germin-like protein GLP1 interacting with Mhopa22 was identified in Astragalus sinicus. RNA interference of AsGLP1 resulted in a decrease in nodule number, whereas overexpression of AsGLP1 increased the number of nodules in the hairy roots of A. sinicus. Consistent symbiotic phenotypes were identified in Medicago truncatula with MtGLPx (refer to medtr7g111240.1, the isogeny of AsGLP1) overexpression or Tnt1 mutant (glpx-1) in symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. The glpx-1 mutant displayed hyperinfection and the formation of more infection threads but a decrease in root nodules. RNA sequencing analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes were involved in hormone signaling and symbiosis. Taken together, AsGLP1 and its homology play an essential role in mediating the early symbiotic process through interacting with the OMPs of rhizobia. IMPORTANCE This study is the first report to characterize a legume host plant protein to sense and interact with an outer membrane protein (OMP) of rhizobia. It can be speculated that GLP1 plays an essential role to mediate early symbiotic process through interacting with OMPs of rhizobia. The results provide deeper understanding and novel insights into the molecular interactive mechanism of a legume symbiosis signaling pathway in recognition with rhizobial OMPs. Our findings may also provide a new perspective to improve the symbiotic compatibility and nodulation of legume.
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Abstract
Microbes possess conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are recognized by plant receptors to induce pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Despite containing the same MAMPs as pathogens, commensals thrive in the plant rhizosphere microbiome, indicating they must suppress or evade host immunity. Previous work found that bacterial-secreted gluconic acid is sufficient to suppress PTI. Here, we show that gluconic acid biosynthesis is not necessary for immunity suppression by the beneficial bacterial strain Pseudomonas simiae WCS417. We performed a forward genetic screen with EMS-mutagenized P. simiae WCS417 and a flagellin-inducible CYP71A12pro:GUS reporter as a PTI readout. We identified a loss of function mutant in ornithine carbamoyltransferase argF, which is required for ornithine conversion to arginine, that cannot suppress PTI or acidify the rhizosphere. Fungal pathogens use alkalization through production of ammonia and glutamate, and arginine biosynthetic precursors, to promote their own growth and virulence. While a ΔargF mutant has a growth defect in the rhizosphere, we found that restoring growth with exogenous arginine resulted in rhizosphere alkalization in a mutant that cannot make gluconic acid, indicating that arginine biosynthesis is required for both growth and acidification. Furthermore, blocking bacterial arginine, glutamine, or proline biosynthesis through genetic mutations or feedback inhibition by adding corresponding amino acids, resulted in rhizosphere alkalization. Untargeted metabolomics determined that ornithine, an alkaline molecule, accumulates under conditions associated with rhizosphere alkalization. Our findings show that bacterial amino acid biosynthesis contributes to acidification by preventing accumulation of ornithine and the resulting alkalization. IMPORTANCE Understanding how microbiota evade and suppress host immunity is critical to our knowledge of how beneficial microbes persist in association with a host. Prior work has shown that secretion of organic acids by beneficial microbes is sufficient to suppress plant immunity. This work shows that microbial amino acid metabolism is not only critical for growth in the plant rhizosphere microbiome, but also for regulation of plant rhizosphere pH, and, consequentially, regulation of plant immunity. We found that, in the absence of microbial glutamate and arginine metabolism, rhizosphere alkalization and microbial overgrowth occurs. Collectively, our findings suggest that, by regulating nutrient availability, plants have the potential to regulate their immune homeostasis in the rhizosphere microbiome.
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Traeger J, Hu D, Yang M, Stacey G, Orr G. Super-Resolution Imaging of Plant Receptor-Like Kinases Uncovers Their Colocalization and Coordination with Nanometer Resolution. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:142. [PMID: 36837645 PMCID: PMC9958960 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell signaling often relies on the cellular organization of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) within membrane nanodomains to enhance signaling specificity and efficiency. Thus, nanometer-scale quantitative analysis of spatial organizations of RLKs could provide new understanding of mechanisms underlying plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we used stochastic optical reconstruction fluorescence microscopy (STORM) to quantify the colocalization of the flagellin-sensitive-2 (FLS2) receptor and the nanodomain marker, remorin, within Arabidopsis thaliana root hair cells. We found that recovery of FLS2 and remorin in the plasma membrane, following ligand-induced internalization by bacterial-flagellin-peptide (flg22), reached ~85% of their original membrane density after ~90 min. The pairs colocalized at the membrane at greater frequencies, compared with simulated randomly distributed pairs, except for directly after recovery, suggesting initial uncoordinated recovery followed by remorin and FLS2 pairing in the membrane. The purinergic receptor, P2K1, colocalized with remorin at similar frequencies as FLS2, while FLS2 and P2K1 colocalization occurred at significantly lower frequencies, suggesting that these RLKs mostly occupy distinct nanodomains. The chitin elicitor receptor, CERK1, colocalized with FLS2 and remorin at much lower frequencies, suggesting little coordination between CERK1 and FLS2. These findings emphasize STORM's capacity to observe distinct nanodomains and degrees of coordination between plant cell receptors, and their respective immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Traeger
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Mengran Yang
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gary Stacey
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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40
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Singh G, Agrawal H, Bednarek P. Specialized metabolites as versatile tools in shaping plant-microbe associations. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:122-144. [PMID: 36503863 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants are rich repository of a large number of chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized metabolites. These compounds are of importance for adaptive processes including responses against changing abiotic conditions and interactions with various co-existing organisms. One of the strikingly affirmed functions of these specialized metabolites is their involvement in plants' life-long interactions with complex multi-kingdom microbiomes including both beneficial and harmful microorganisms. Recent developments in genomic and molecular biology tools not only help to generate well-curated information about regulatory and structural components of biosynthetic pathways of plant specialized metabolites but also to create and screen mutant lines defective in their synthesis. In this review, we have comprehensively surveyed the function of these specialized metabolites and discussed recent research findings demonstrating the responses of various microbes on tested mutant lines having defective biosynthesis of particular metabolites. In addition, we attempt to provide key clues about the impact of these metabolites on the assembly of the plant microbiome by summarizing the major findings of recent comparative metagenomic analyses of available mutant lines under customized and natural microbial niches. Subsequently, we delineate benchmark initiatives that aim to engineer or manipulate the biosynthetic pathways to produce specialized metabolites in heterologous systems but also to diversify their immune function. While denoting the function of these metabolites, we also discuss the critical bottlenecks associated with understanding and exploiting their function in improving plant adaptation to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Singh
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Himani Agrawal
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bednarek
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Bao Q, Wang H, Hou S. Plant elicitor peptide 1 fortifies root cell walls and triggers a systemic root-to-shoot immune signaling in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2034270. [PMID: 35164659 PMCID: PMC9176251 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2034270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunity is initiated by cell surface-localized receptors upon perception of pathogen-derived microbe or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs), damage/danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and phytocytokines. Different patterns activate highly overlapping immune signaling at the early stage but divergent physiological responses at the late stage. Here, we indicate that plant elicitor peptide 1 (Pep1), a well-known DAMP, induces lignin and callose depositions, two types of late immune responses for strengthening the plant cell wall. Pep1-induced lignin and callose depositions in Arabidopsis root rely on early signaling components for Pep1 perception and signaling propagation. The phytohormone jasmonic acid and ethylene differently regulate the Pep1-regulated cell wall consolidation. Pep1 application in root also triggers a systemic immune signaling in shoot, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential for the signaling communication between root and shoot. Collectively, the study reveals that Pep1 strengthens cell walls in root and triggers a systemic immune signaling from root to shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Qixin Bao
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuguo Hou
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
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Luo L, Zhang J, Ye C, Li S, Duan S, Wang Z, Huang H, Liu Y, Deng W, Mei X, He X, Yang M, Zhu S. Foliar Pathogen Infection Manipulates Soil Health through Root Exudate-Modified Rhizosphere Microbiome. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0241822. [PMID: 36445116 PMCID: PMC9769671 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02418-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative plant-soil feedback (NPSF) due to the buildup of soilborne pathogens in soil is a major obstacle in sustainable agricultural systems. Beneficial rhizosphere microfloras are recruited by plants, and mediating this has become a strategic priority to manipulate plant health. Here, we found that foliar infection of Panax notoginseng by Alternaria panax changed plant-soil feedback from negative to positive. Foliar infection modified the rhizosphere soil microbial community and reversed the direction of the buildup of the soilborne pathogen Ilyonectria destructans and beneficial microbes, including Trichoderma, Bacillus, and Streptomyces, in rhizosphere soil. These beneficial microbes not only showed antagonistic ability against the pathogen I. destructans but also enhanced the resistance of plants to A. panax. Foliar infection enhanced the exudation of short- and long-chain organic acids, sugars, and amino acids from roots. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated that short- and long-chain organic acids and sugars play dual roles in simultaneously suppressing pathogens but enriching beneficial microbes. In summary, foliar infection could change root secretion to drive shifts in the rhizosphere microbial community to enhance soil health, providing a new strategy to alleviate belowground disease in plants through aboveground inducement. IMPORTANCE Belowground soilborne disease is the main factor limiting sustainable agricultural production and is difficult to manage due to the complexity of the soil environment. Here, we found that aboveground parts of plants infected by foliar pathogens could enhance the secretion of organic acids, sugars, and amino acids in root exudates to suppress soilborne pathogens and enrich beneficial microbes, eventually changing the plant and soil feedback from negative to positive and alleviating belowground soilborne disease. This is an exciting strategy by which to achieve belowground soilborne disease management by manipulating the aboveground state through aboveground stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chen Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Su Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shengshuang Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Huichuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyue Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Pazarlar S, Madriz-Ordeñana K, Thordal-Christensen H. Bacillus cereus EC9 protects tomato against Fusarium wilt through JA/ET-activated immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1090947. [PMID: 36589090 PMCID: PMC9798288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1090947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of action and the limitations of effectiveness of natural biocontrol agents should be determined in order to convert them into end products that can be used in practice. Rhizosphere Bacillus spp. protect plants from various pathogens by displaying several modes of action. However, the ability of Bacillus spp. to control plant diseases depends on the interaction between the bacteria, host, and pathogen, and the environmental conditions. We found that soil drenching of tomato plants with the non-antifungal Bacillus cereus strain EC9 (EC9) enhances plant defense against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). To study the involvement of plant defense-related phytohormones in the regulation of EC9-activated protection against Fol, we conducted plant bioassays in tomato genotypes impaired in salicylic acid (SA) accumulation, jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, and ethylene (ET) production, and analyzed the transcript levels of pathways-related marker genes. Our results indicate that JA/ET-dependent signaling is required for EC9-mediated protection against Fol in tomato. We provide evidence that EC9 primes tomato plants for enhanced expression of proteinase inhibitor I (PI-I) and ethylene receptor4 (ETR4). Moreover, we demonstrated that EC9 induces callose deposition in tomato roots. Understanding the involvement of defense-related phytohormones in EC9-mediated defense against Fusarium wilt has increased our knowledge of interactions between non-antifungal plant defense-inducing rhizobacteria and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Pazarlar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Madriz-Ordeñana
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Thordal-Christensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Üstüner S, Schäfer P, Eichmann R. Development specifies, diversifies and empowers root immunity. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55631. [PMID: 36330761 PMCID: PMC9724680 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Roots are a highly organised plant tissue consisting of different cell types with distinct developmental functions defined by cell identity networks. Roots are the target of some of the most devastating diseases and possess a highly effective immune system. The recognition of microbe- or plant-derived molecules released in response to microbial attack is highly important in the activation of complex immunity gene networks. Development and immunity are intertwined, and immunity activation can result in growth inhibition. In turn, by connecting immunity and cell identity regulators, cell types are able to launch a cell type-specific immunity based on the developmental function of each cell type. By this strategy, fundamental developmental processes of each cell type contribute their most basic functions to drive cost-effective but highly diverse and, thus, efficient immune responses. This review highlights the interdependence of root development and immunity and how the developmental age of root cells contributes to positive and negative outcomes of development-immunity cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sim Üstüner
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
| | - Patrick Schäfer
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
| | - Ruth Eichmann
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and NutritionJustus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
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Ho BL, Chen JC, Huang TP, Fang SC. Protocorm-like-body extract of Phalaenopsis aphrodite combats watermelon fruit blotch disease. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1054586. [PMID: 36523623 PMCID: PMC9745142 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1054586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial fruit blotch, caused by the seedborne gram-negative bacterium Acidovorax citrulli, is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases of cucurbits (gourds) worldwide. Despite its prevalence, effective and reliable means to control bacterial fruit blotch remain limited. Transcriptomic analyses of tissue culture-based regeneration processes have revealed that organogenesis-associated cellular reprogramming is often associated with upregulation of stress- and defense-responsive genes. Yet, there is limited evidence supporting the notion that the reprogrammed cellular metabolism of the regenerated tissued confers bona fide antimicrobial activity. Here, we explored the anti-bacterial activity of protocorm-like-bodies (PLBs) of Phalaenopsis aphrodite. Encouragingly, we found that the PLB extract was potent in slowing growth of A. citrulli, reducing the number of bacteria attached to watermelon seeds, and alleviating disease symptoms of watermelon seedlings caused by A. citrulli. Because the anti-bacterial activity can be fractionated chemically, we predict that reprogrammed cellular activity during the PLB regeneration process produces metabolites with antibacterial activity. In conclusion, our data demonstrated the antibacterial activity in developing PLBs and revealed the potential of using orchid PLBs to discover chemicals to control bacterial fruit blotch disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Lin Ho
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhun-Chen Chen
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pi Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Master’s and PhD Degree Program of Plant Health Care, Academy of Circular Economy, National Chung Hsing University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chiung Fang
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pantigoso HA, Newberger D, Vivanco JM. The rhizosphere microbiome: Plant-microbial interactions for resource acquisition. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2864-2876. [PMID: 36648151 PMCID: PMC9796772 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
While horticulture tools and methods have been extensively developed to improve the management of crops, systems to harness the rhizosphere microbiome to benefit plant crops are still in development. Plants and microbes have been coevolving for several millennia, conferring fitness advantages that expand the plant's own genetic potential. These beneficial associations allow the plants to cope with abiotic stresses such as nutrient deficiency across a wide range of soils and growing conditions. Plants achieve these benefits by selectively recruiting microbes using root exudates, positively impacting their nutrition, health and overall productivity. Advanced knowledge of the interplay between root exudates and microbiome alteration in response to plant nutrient status, and the underlying mechanisms there of, will allow the development of technologies to increase crop yield. This review summarizes current knowledge and perspectives on plant-microbial interactions for resource acquisition and discusses promising advances for manipulating rhizosphere microbiomes and root exudation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A. Pantigoso
- Center for Root and Rhizosphere Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523‐1173United States
| | - Derek Newberger
- Center for Root and Rhizosphere Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523‐1173United States
| | - Jorge M. Vivanco
- Center for Root and Rhizosphere Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523‐1173United States
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Pérez‐Alonso M, Guerrero‐Galán C, González Ortega‐Villaizán A, Ortiz‐García P, Scholz SS, Ramos P, Sakakibara H, Kiba T, Ludwig‐Müller J, Krapp A, Oelmüller R, Vicente‐Carbajosa J, Pollmann S. The calcium sensor CBL7 is required for Serendipita indica-induced growth stimulation in Arabidopsis thaliana, controlling defense against the endophyte and K + homoeostasis in the symbiosis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3367-3382. [PMID: 35984078 PMCID: PMC9804297 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger in plants. The activation of Ca2+ signalling cascades is critical in the activation of adaptive processes in response to environmental stimuli. Root colonization by the growth promoting endophyte Serendipita indica involves the increase of cytosolic Ca2+ levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we investigated transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis roots during symbiosis with S. indica. RNA-seq profiling disclosed the induction of Calcineurin B-like 7 (CBL7) during early and later phases of the interaction. Consistently, reverse genetic evidence highlighted the functional relevance of CBL7 and tested the involvement of a CBL7-CBL-interacting protein kinase 13 signalling pathway. The loss-of-function of CBL7 abolished the growth promoting effect and affected root colonization. The transcriptomics analysis of cbl7 revealed the involvement of this Ca2+ sensor in activating plant defense responses. Furthermore, we report on the contribution of CBL7 to potassium transport in Arabidopsis. We analysed K+ contents in wild-type and cbl7 plants and observed a significant increase of K+ in roots of cbl7 plants, while shoot tissues demonstrated K+ depletion. Taken together, our work associates CBL7 with an important role in the mutual interaction between Arabidopsis and S. indica and links CBL7 to K+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta‐Marina Pérez‐Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Umeå Plant Science CenterUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Carmen Guerrero‐Galán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega‐Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Paloma Ortiz‐García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Sandra S. Scholz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Patricio Ramos
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTechInstitut Jean‐Pierre BourginVersaillesFrance
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Jesús Vicente‐Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
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Guillou MC, Vergne E, Aligon S, Pelletier S, Simonneau F, Rolland A, Chabout S, Mouille G, Gully K, Grappin P, Montrichard F, Aubourg S, Renou JP. The peptide SCOOP12 acts on reactive oxygen species homeostasis to modulate cell division and elongation in Arabidopsis primary root. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6115-6132. [PMID: 35639812 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Small secreted peptides have been described as key contributors to complex signalling networks that control plant development and stress responses. The Brassicaceae-specific PROSCOOP family encodes precursors of Serine riCh endOgenOus Peptides (SCOOPs). In Arabidopsis SCOOP12 has been shown to promote the defence response against pathogens and to be involved in root development. Here, we explore its role as a moderator of Arabidopsis primary root development. We show that the PROSCOOP12 null mutation leads to longer primary roots through the development of longer differentiated cells while PROSCOOP12 overexpression induces dramatic plant growth impairments. In comparison, the exogenous application of synthetic SCOOP12 peptide shortens roots through meristem size and cell length reductions. Moreover, superoxide anion (O2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in root tips vary according to SCOOP12 abundance. By using reactive oxygen species scavengers that suppress the proscoop12 phenotype, we showed that root growth regulation by SCOOP12 is associated with reactive oxygen species metabolism. Furthermore, our results suggest that peroxidases act as potential SCOOP12 downstream targets to regulate H2O2 production, which in turn triggers cell wall modifications in root. Finally, a massive transcriptional reprogramming, including the induction of genes from numerous other pathways, including ethylene, salicylic acid, and glucosinolates biosynthesis, was observed, emphasizing its dual role in defence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilie Vergne
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Sophie Aligon
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Sandra Pelletier
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | | | - Aurélia Rolland
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Salem Chabout
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Gregory Mouille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Kay Gully
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Grappin
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
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Khanna K, Kohli SK, Sharma N, Kour J, Devi K, Bhardwaj T, Dhiman S, Singh AD, Sharma N, Sharma A, Ohri P, Bhardwaj R, Ahmad P, Alam P, Albalawi TH. Phytomicrobiome communications: Novel implications for stress resistance in plants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:912701. [PMID: 36274695 PMCID: PMC9583171 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.912701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural sector is a foremost contributing factor in supplying food at the global scale. There are plethora of biotic as well as abiotic stressors that act as major constraints for the agricultural sector in terms of global food demand, quality, and security. Stresses affect rhizosphere and their communities, root growth, plant health, and productivity. They also alter numerous plant physiological and metabolic processes. Moreover, they impact transcriptomic and metabolomic changes, causing alteration in root exudates and affecting microbial communities. Since the evolution of hazardous pesticides and fertilizers, productivity has experienced elevation but at the cost of impeding soil fertility thereby causing environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to develop sustainable and safe means for crop production. The emergence of various pieces of evidence depicting the alterations and abundance of microbes under stressed conditions proved to be beneficial and outstanding for maintaining plant legacy and stimulating their survival. Beneficial microbes offer a great potential for plant growth during stresses in an economical manner. Moreover, they promote plant growth with regulating phytohormones, nutrient acquisition, siderophore synthesis, and induce antioxidant system. Besides, acquired or induced systemic resistance also counteracts biotic stresses. The phytomicrobiome exploration is crucial to determine the growth-promoting traits, colonization, and protection of plants from adversities caused by stresses. Further, the intercommunications among rhizosphere through a direct/indirect manner facilitate growth and form complex network. The phytomicrobiome communications are essential for promoting sustainable agriculture where microbes act as ecological engineers for environment. In this review, we have reviewed our building knowledge about the role of microbes in plant defense and stress-mediated alterations within the phytomicrobiomes. We have depicted the defense biome concept that infers the design of phytomicrobiome communities and their fundamental knowledge about plant-microbe interactions for developing plant probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Nandni Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kamini Devi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Tamanna Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Shalini Dhiman
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neerja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Evaluating the Role of Exogenously Applied Ascorbic Acid in Rescuing Soybean Plant Health in The Presence of Pathogen-Induced Oxidative Stress. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101117. [PMID: 36297174 PMCID: PMC9611183 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcoal rot, caused by the soilborne hemibiotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, is a prevalent and economically significant plant disease. It is hypothesized that M. phaseolina induces oxidative stress-mediated senescence in plants. Infection by M. phaseolina results in the host’s accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute toward basal defense. However, the production of ROS could also lead to cellular damage and senescence in host tissue. This study aimed to determine if ascorbic acid, a ROS scavenging molecule, could quench M. phaseolina-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in a soybean-M. phaseolina pathosystem. In vitro sensitivity tests showed that M. phaseolina isolates were sensitive to L-ascorbic acid (LAA) at concentrations of 10.5 to 14.3 mM based on IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) data. In planta cut-stem assays demonstrated that pre-treatment with 10 mM of either LAA (reduced form) or DHAA (dehydroascorbic acid; oxidized form) significantly decreased lesion length compared to the non-pretreated control and post-treatments with both ascorbic acid forms after M. phaseolina inoculation. Further, H2O2 quantification from ascorbic acid-pretreated tissue followed by M. phaseolina inoculation showed significantly less accumulation of H2O2 than the inoculated control or the mock-inoculated control. This result demonstrated that M. phaseolina not only induced H2O2 after host infection but also increased ROS-mediated senescence. This study shows the potential of ascorbic acid, an effective ROS scavenger, to limit ROS-mediated senescence associated with M. phaseolina infection.
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