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Zhang W, Cheng X, Jing Z, Cao Y, Yuan S, Zhang H, Zhang Y. Exogenous GA 3 Enhances Nitrogen Uptake and Metabolism under Low Nitrate Conditions in 'Duli' ( Pyrus betulifolia Bunge) Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7967. [PMID: 39063209 PMCID: PMC11277063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
'Duli' (Pyrus betulifolia Bunge) is one of the main rootstocks of pear trees in China. Gibberellin (GA) is a key plant hormone and the roles of GA in nitrate (NO3-) uptake and metabolism in plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous GA3 on the N metabolism of 'Duli' seedlings under NO3- deficiency. The results showed that exogenous GA3 significantly improves 'Duli' growth under NO3- deficiency. On the one hand, GA3 altered the root architecture, increased the content of endogenous hormones (GA3, IAA, and ZR), and enhanced photosynthesis; on the other hand, it enhanced the activities of N-metabolizing enzymes and the accumulation of N, and increased the expression levels of N absorption (PbNRT2) and the metabolism genes (PbNR, PbGILE, PbGS, and PbGOGAT). However, GA3 did not delay the degradation of chlorophyll. Paclobutrazol had the opposite effect on growth. Overall, GA3 can increase NO3- uptake and metabolism and relieve the growth inhibition of 'Duli' seedlings under NO3- deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuxing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (W.Z.); (X.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.)
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Wang J, Zhu R, Meng Q, Qin H, Quan R, Wei P, Li X, Jiang L, Huang R. A natural variation in OsDSK2a modulates plant growth and salt tolerance through phosphorylation by SnRK1A in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1881-1896. [PMID: 38346083 PMCID: PMC11182596 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
Plants grow rapidly for maximal production under optimal conditions; however, they adopt a slower growth strategy to maintain survival when facing environmental stresses. As salt stress restricts crop architecture and grain yield, identifying genetic variations associated with growth and yield responses to salinity is critical for breeding optimal crop varieties. OsDSK2a is a pivotal modulator of plant growth and salt tolerance via the modulation of gibberellic acid (GA) metabolism; however, its regulation remains unclear. Here, we showed that OsDSK2a can be phosphorylated at the second amino acid (S2) to maintain its stability. The gene-edited mutant osdsk2aS2G showed decreased plant height and enhanced salt tolerance. SnRK1A modulated OsDSK2a-S2 phosphorylation and played a substantial role in GA metabolism. Genetic analysis indicated that SnRK1A functions upstream of OsDSK2a and affects plant growth and salt tolerance. Moreover, SnRK1A activity was suppressed under salt stress, resulting in decreased phosphorylation and abundance of OsDSK2a. Thus, SnRK1A preserves the stability of OsDSK2a to maintain plant growth under normal conditions, and reduces the abundance of OsDSK2a to limit growth under salt stress. Haplotype analysis using 3 K-RG data identified a natural variation in OsDSK2a-S2. The allele of OsDSK2a-G downregulates plant height and improves salt-inhibited grain yield. Thus, our findings revealed a new mechanism for OsDSK2a stability and provided a valuable target for crop breeding to overcome yield limitations under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Rui Zhu
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qingshi Meng
- Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hua Qin
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Pengcheng Wei
- College of AgronomyAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Jiang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
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Xu J, Wang T, Wang X, Yan H, Liu P, Hou X, Gao Y, Yang L, Zhang L. Exogenous Eugenol Alleviates Salt Stress in Tobacco Seedlings by Regulating the Antioxidant System and Hormone Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6771. [PMID: 38928476 PMCID: PMC11203479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Salt stress seriously affects crop growth, leading to a decline in crop quality and yield. Application of exogenous substances to improve the salt tolerance of crops and promote their growth under salt stress has become a widespread and effective means. Eugenol is a small molecule of plant origin with medicinal properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. In this study, tobacco seedlings were placed in Hoagland's solution containing NaCl in the presence or absence of eugenol, and physiological indices related to stress tolerance were measured along with transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that eugenol improved the growth of tobacco seedlings under salt stress. It promoted carbon and nitrogen metabolism, increased the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), sucrose synthase (SS), and glutamine synthetase (GS) by 31.03, 5.80, and 51.06%. It also activated the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the tobacco seedlings, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) by 24.38%, 18.22%, 21.60%, and 28.8%, respectively. The content of glutathione (GSH) was increased by 29.49%, and the content of superoxide anion (O2-) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced by 29.83 and 33.86%, respectively. Promoted osmoregulation, the content of Na+ decreased by 34.34, K+ increased by 41.25%, and starch and soluble sugar increased by 7.72% and 25.42%, respectively. It coordinated hormone signaling in seedlings; the content of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) increased by 51.93% and 266.28%, respectively. The transcriptome data indicated that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the MAPK signaling pathway, and phytohormone signal transduction pathways. The results of this study revealed the novel role of eugenol in regulating plant resistance and provided a reference for the use of exogenous substances to alleviate salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.X.); (T.W.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (Y.G.)
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.X.); (T.W.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (Y.G.)
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4
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Parra M, Coppola M, Hellmann H. PDX proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana as novel substrates of cathepsin B: implications for vitamin B 6 biosynthesis regulation. FEBS J 2024; 291:2372-2387. [PMID: 38431778 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is a critical molecule for metabolism, development, and stress sensitivity in plants. It is a cofactor for numerous biochemical reactions, can serve as an antioxidant, and has the potential to increase tolerance against both biotic and abiotic stressors. Due to the importance of vitamin B6, its biosynthesis is likely tightly regulated. Plants can synthesize vitamin B6 de novo via the concerted activity of Pyridoxine Biosynthesis Protein 1 (PDX1) and PDX2. Previously, PDX proteins have been identified as targets for ubiquitination, indicating they could be marked for degradation by two highly conserved pathways: the Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway (UPP) and the autophagy pathway. Initial experiments show that PDXs are in fact degraded, but surprisingly, in a ubiquitin-independent manner. Inhibitor studies pointed toward cathepsin B, a conserved lysosomal cysteine protease, which is implicated in both programed cell death and autophagy in humans and plants. In plants, cathepsin Bs are poorly described, and no confirmed substrates have been identified. Here, we present PDX proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana as interactors and substrates of a plant Cathepsin B. These findings not only describe a novel cathepsin B substrate in plants, but also provide new insights into how plants regulate de novo biosynthesis of vitamin B6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Parra
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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Wei H, Chen J, Zhang X, Lu Z, Liu G, Lian B, Yu C, Chen Y, Zhong F, Zhang J. Characterization, expression pattern, and function analysis of gibberellin oxidases in Salix matsudana. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131095. [PMID: 38537859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Gibberellin oxidases (GAoxs) identified from many species play indispensable roles in GA biosynthesis and GA signal transduction. However, there has been limited research conducted on the GAox family of Salix matsudana, a tetraploid ornamental tree species. Here, 54 GAox genes were identified from S. matsudana and renamed as SmGA20ox1-22, SmGA2ox1-24, SmGA3ox1-6, and SmGAox-like1/2. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that SmGA3ox members possess the 1 intron and other SmGAoxs contain 2-3 introns, and motif 1/2/7 universally present in all SmGAoxs. A total of 69 gene pairs were identified from SmGAox family members, and the Ka/Ks values indicated the SmGAoxs experience the purifying selection. The intra species collinearity analysis implied S. matsudana, S. purpurea, and Populus trichocarpa have the close genetic relationship. The GO analysis suggested SmGAoxs are dominantly involved in GA metabolic process, ion binding, and oxidoreductase activity. RNA-sequencing demonstrated that some SmGAoxs may play an essential role in salt and submergence stresses. In addition, the SmGA20ox13/21 displayed the dominant vitality of GA20 oxidase, but the SmGA20ox13/21 still possessed low activities of GA2 and GA3 oxidases. This study can contribute to reveal the regulatory mechanism of salt and submergence tolerance in willow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Jinxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Xingyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Bolin Lian
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Chunmei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Fei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Lab of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226000, China.
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Zeng P, Xie T, Shen J, Liang T, Yin L, Liu K, He Y, Chen M, Tang H, Chen S, Shabala S, Zhang H, Cheng J. Potassium transporter OsHAK9 regulates seed germination under salt stress by preventing gibberellin degradation through mediating OsGA2ox7 in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:731-748. [PMID: 38482956 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity has a major impact on rice seed germination, severely limiting rice production. Herein, a rice germination defective mutant under salt stress (gdss) was identified by using chemical mutagenesis. The GDSS gene was detected via MutMap and shown to encode potassium transporter OsHAK9. Phenotypic analysis of complementation and mutant lines demonstrated that OsHAK9 was an essential regulator responsible for seed germination under salt stress. OsHAK9 is highly expressed in germinating seed embryos. Ion contents and non-invasive micro-test technology results showed that OsHAK9 restricted K+ efflux in salt-exposed germinating seeds for the balance of K+/Na+. Disruption of OsHAK9 significantly reduced gibberellin 4 (GA4) levels, and the germination defective phenotype of oshak9a was partly rescued by exogenous GA3 treatment under salt stress. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that the disruption of OsHAK9 improved the GA-deactivated gene OsGA2ox7 expression in germinating seeds under salt stress, and the expression of OsGA2ox7 was significantly inhibited by salt stress. Null mutants of OsGA2ox7 created using clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 approach displayed a dramatically increased seed germination ability under salt stress. Overall, our results highlight that OsHAK9 regulates seed germination performance under salt stress involving preventing GA degradation by mediating OsGA2ox7, which provides a novel clue about the relationship between GA and OsHAKs in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaxin Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Taokai Liang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Lu Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingming Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haijuan Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sunlu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Liu L, Ma Y, Zhao H, Guo L, Guo Y, Liu CM. Genome-wide association studies identified OsTMF as a gene regulating rice seed germination under salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1384246. [PMID: 38601316 PMCID: PMC11004275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1384246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Salt tolerance during seed germination is an important trait for direct seeding and low-cost rice production. Nevertheless, it is still not clear how seed germination under salt stress is regulated genetically. Methods In this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed to decipher the genetic basis of seed germination under salt stress using 541 rice varieties collected worldwide. Results and discussion Three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified including qGRG3-1 on chromosome 3, qGRG3-2 on chromosome 5, and qGRG4 on chromosome 4. Assessment of candidate genes in these loci for their responses to salt stress identified a TATA modulatory factor (OsTMF) in qGRG3-2. The expression of OsTMF was up-regulated in both roots and shoots after exposure to salt stress, and OsTMF knockout mutants exhibited delayed seed germination under salt stress. Haplotype analysis showed that rice varieties carrying OsTMF-Hap2 displayed elevated salt tolerance during seed germination. These results provide important knowledge and resources to improve rice seed germination under salt stress in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Li S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang P, Wang X, Chen B, Ding L, Nie Y, Li F, Ma Z, Kang Z, Mao H. The E3 ligase TaGW2 mediates transcription factor TaARR12 degradation to promote drought resistance in wheat. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:605-625. [PMID: 38079275 PMCID: PMC10896296 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress limits crop yield, but the molecular modulators and their mechanisms underlying the trade-off between drought resistance and crop growth and development remain elusive. Here, a grain width and weight2 (GW2)-like really interesting new gene finger E3 ligase, TaGW2, was identified as a pivotal regulator of both kernel development and drought responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum). TaGW2 overexpression enhances drought resistance but leads to yield drag under full irrigation conditions. In contrast, TaGW2 knockdown or knockout attenuates drought resistance but remarkably increases kernel size and weight. Furthermore, TaGW2 directly interacts with and ubiquitinates the type-B Arabidopsis response regulator TaARR12, promoting its degradation via the 26S proteasome. Analysis of TaARR12 overexpression and knockdown lines indicated that TaARR12 represses the drought response but does not influence grain yield in wheat. Further DNA affinity purification sequencing combined with transcriptome analysis revealed that TaARR12 downregulates stress-responsive genes, especially group-A basic leucine zipper (bZIP) genes, resulting in impaired drought resistance. Notably, TaARR12 knockdown in the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9)-mediated tagw2 knockout mutant leads to significantly higher drought resistance and grain yield compared to wild-type plants. Collectively, these findings show that the TaGW2-TaARR12 regulatory module is essential for drought responses, providing a strategy for improving stress resistance in high-yield wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Li Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingxiong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenbing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Yangling Seed Industry Innovation Center, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hude Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Zhang Y, Shen Y, Han M, Su Y, Feng X, Gao T, Zhou X, Wu Q, Sun G, Wang Y. Potential Response Patterns of Endogenous Hormones in Cliff Species Opisthopappus taihangensis and Opisthopappus longilobus under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:557. [PMID: 38498538 PMCID: PMC10892304 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
When plants are exposed to salt stress, endogenous hormones are essential for their responses through biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways. However, the roles of endogenous hormones in two cliff species (Opisthopappus taihangensis and Opisthopappus longilobus (Opisthopappus genus)) in the Taihang Mountains under salt stress have not been investigated to date. Following different time treatments under 500 mM salt concentrations, 239 differentially expressed gene (DEG)-related endogenous hormones were identified that exhibited four change trends, which in Profile 47 were upregulated in both species. The C-DEG genes of AUX, GA, JA, BR, ETH, and ABA endogenous hormones were significantly enriched in Opisthopappus taihangensis (O. taihangensis) and Opisthopappus longilobus (O. longilobus). During the responsive process, mainly AUX, GA, and JA biosynthesis and signal transduction were triggered in the two species. Subsequently, crosstalk further influenced BR, EHT, ABA, and MAPK signal transduction pathways to improve the salt resistance of the two species. Within the protein-protein interactions (PPI), seven proteins exhibited the highest interactions, which primarily involved two downregulated genes (SAUR and GA3ox) and eight upregulated genes (ACX, MFP2, JAZ, BRI1, BAK1, ETR, EIN2, and SNRK2) of the above pathways. The more upregulated expression of ZEP (in the ABA biosynthesis pathway), DELLA (in the GA signaling pathway), ABF (in the ABA signaling pathway), and ERF1 (in the ETH signaling pathway) in O. taihangensis revealed that it had a relatively higher salt resistance than O. longilobus. This revealed that the responsive patterns to salt stress between the two species had both similarities and differences. The results of this investigation shed light on the potential adaptive mechanisms of O. taihangensis and O. longilobus under cliff environments, while laying a foundation for the study of other cliff species in the Taihang Mountains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuexin Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mian Han
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yu Su
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xiaolong Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ting Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Qi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Genlou Sun
- Department of Botany, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Yiling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
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10
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Xu H, Halford NG, Guo G, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhou L, Liu C, Xu R. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Importance of Lipid Metabolism and Photosynthesis Regulation in High Salinity Tolerance in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Leaves Derived from Mutagenesis Combined with Microspore Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16757. [PMID: 38069082 PMCID: PMC10705989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Barley is the most salt-tolerant cereal crop. However, little attention has been paid to the salt-tolerant doubled haploids of barley derived from mutagenesis combined with isolated microspore culture. In the present study, barley doubled haploid (DH) line 20, which was produced by mutagenesis combined with isolated microspore culture, showed stably and heritably better salt tolerance than the wild type H30 in terms of fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, K+/Na+ ratio and photosynthetic characteristics. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed to compare the changes in gene expression and metabolites between DH20 and H30. A total of 462 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 152 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified in DH20 compared to H30 under salt stress. Among the DAMs, fatty acids were the most accumulated in DH20 under salt stress. The integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that nine key biomarkers, including two metabolites and seven genes, could distinguish DH20 and H30 when exposed to high salt. The pathways of linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, photosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism were significantly enriched in DH20 with DEGs and DAMs in response to salt stress. These results suggest that DH20 may enhance resilience by promoting lipid metabolism, maintaining energy metabolism and decreasing amino acids metabolism. The study provided novel insights for the rapid generation of homozygous mutant plants by mutagenesis combined with microspore culture technology and also identified candidate genes and metabolites that may enable the mutant plants to cope with salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | | | - Guimei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Yingbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Longhua Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Chenghong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Rugen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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11
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Liu X, Yu X, Shi Y, Ma L, Fu Y, Guo Y. Phosphorylation of RhoGDI1, a Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, regulates root hair development in Arabidopsis under salt stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217957120. [PMID: 37590409 PMCID: PMC10450838 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217957120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To ensure optimal growth, plants actively regulate their growth and development based on environmental changes. Among these, salt stress significantly influences growth and yield. In this study, we demonstrate that the growth of root hairs of salt-stressed Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings is regulated by the SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE 2 (SOS2)-GUANOSINE NUCLEOTIDE DIPHOSPHATE DISSOCIATION INHIBITOR 1 (RhoGDI1)-Rho GTPASE OF PLANTS 2 (ROP2) module. We show here that the kinase SOS2 is activated by salt stress and subsequently phosphorylates RhoGDI1, a root hair regulator, thereby decreasing its stability. This change in RhoGDI1 abundance resulted in a fine-tuning of polar localization of ROP2 and root hair initiation followed by polar growth, demonstrating how SOS2-regulated root hair development is critical for plant growth under salt stress. Our results reveal how a tissue-specific response to salt stress balances the relationship of salt resistance and basic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
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12
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Fu H, Yang Y. How Plants Tolerate Salt Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5914-5934. [PMID: 37504290 PMCID: PMC10378706 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization inhibits plant growth and seriously restricts food security and agricultural development. Excessive salt can cause ionic stress, osmotic stress, and ultimately oxidative stress in plants. Plants exclude excess salt from their cells to help maintain ionic homeostasis and stimulate phytohormone signaling pathways, thereby balancing growth and stress tolerance to enhance their survival. Continuous innovations in scientific research techniques have allowed great strides in understanding how plants actively resist salt stress. Here, we briefly summarize recent achievements in elucidating ionic homeostasis, osmotic stress regulation, oxidative stress regulation, and plant hormonal responses under salt stress. Such achievements lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of plant salt-tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Raffeiner M, Zhu S, González-Fuente M, Üstün S. Interplay between autophagy and proteasome during protein turnover. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:698-714. [PMID: 36801193 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is epitomized by an equilibrium between protein biosynthesis and degradation: the 'life and death' of proteins. Approximately one-third of newly synthesized proteins are degraded. As such, protein turnover is required to maintain cellular integrity and survival. Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are the two principal degradation pathways in eukaryotes. Both pathways orchestrate many cellular processes during development and upon environmental stimuli. Ubiquitination of degradation targets is used as a 'death' signal by both processes. Recent findings revealed a direct functional link between both pathways. Here, we summarize key findings in the field of protein homeostasis, with an emphasis on the newly revealed crosstalk between both degradation machineries and how it is decided which pathway facilitates target degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Raffeiner
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Zentrum für Molekular Biologie der Pflanzen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Shanshuo Zhu
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Zentrum für Molekular Biologie der Pflanzen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Manuel González-Fuente
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Zentrum für Molekular Biologie der Pflanzen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Suayib Üstün
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Zentrum für Molekular Biologie der Pflanzen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
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14
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Zhang XL, Gong XQ, Su XJ, Yu HX, Cheng SY, Huang JW, Li DY, Lei ZL, Li MJ, Ma FW. The ubiquitin-binding protein MdRAD23D1 mediates drought response by regulating degradation of the proline-rich protein MdPRP6 in apple (Malus domestica). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023. [PMID: 37140026 PMCID: PMC10363924 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
RAD23 (RADIATION SENSITIVE23) proteins are a group of UBL-UBA (ubiquitin-like-ubiquitin-associated) proteins that shuttle ubiquitylated proteins to the 26S proteasome for breakdown. Drought stress is a major environmental constraint that limits plant growth and production, but whether RAD23 proteins are involved in this process is unclear. Here, we demonstrated that a shuttle protein, MdRAD23D1, mediated drought response in apple plants (Malus domestica). MdRAD23D1 levels increased under drought stress, and its suppression resulted in decreased stress tolerance in apple plants. Through in vitro and in vivo assays, we demonstrated that MdRAD23D1 interacted with a proline-rich protein MdPRP6, resulting in the degradation of MdPRP6 by the 26S proteasome. And MdRAD23D1 accelerated the degradation of MdPRP6 under drought stress. Suppression of MdPRP6 resulted in enhanced drought tolerance in apple plants, mainly because the free proline accumulation is changed. And the free proline is also involved in MdRAD23D1-mediated drought response. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that MdRAD23D1 and MdPRP6 oppositely regulated drought response. MdRAD23D1 levels increased under drought, accelerating the degradation of MdPRP6. MdPRP6 negatively regulated drought response, probably by regulating proline accumulation. Thus, "MdRAD23D1-MdPRP6" conferred drought stress tolerance in apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hai-Xia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Si-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dan-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhao-Long Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Feng-Wang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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15
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Qin H, Wang J, Zhou J, Qiao J, Li Y, Quan R, Huang R. Abscisic acid promotes auxin biosynthesis to inhibit primary root elongation in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1953-1967. [PMID: 36535001 PMCID: PMC10022642 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil compaction is a global problem causing inadequate rooting and poor yield in crops. Accumulating evidence indicates that phytohormones coordinately regulate root growth via regulating specific growth processes in distinct tissues. However, how abscisic acid (ABA) signaling translates into auxin production to control root growth during adaptation to different soil environments is still unclear. In this study, we report that ABA has biphasic effects on primary root growth in rice (Oryza sativa) through an auxin biosynthesis-mediated process, causing suppression of root elongation and promotion of root swelling in response to soil compaction. We found that ABA treatment induced the expression of auxin biosynthesis genes and auxin accumulation in roots. Conversely, blocking auxin biosynthesis reduced ABA sensitivity in roots, showing longer and thinner primary roots with larger root meristem size and smaller root diameter. Further investigation revealed that the transcription factor basic region and leucine zipper 46 (OsbZIP46), involved in ABA signaling, can directly bind to the YUCCA8/rice ethylene-insensitive 7 (OsYUC8/REIN7) promoter to activate its expression, and genetic analysis revealed that OsYUC8/REIN7 is located downstream of OsbZIP46. Moreover, roots of mutants defective in ABA or auxin biosynthesis displayed the enhanced ability to penetrate compacted soil. Thus, our results disclose the mechanism in which ABA employs auxin as a downstream signal to modify root elongation and radial expansion, resulting in short and swollen roots impaired in their ability to penetrate compacted soil. These findings provide avenues for breeders to select crops resilient to soil compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qin
- Authors for correspondence: (H.Q.); (R.H.)
| | | | | | - Jinzhu Qiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
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16
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Boonyaves K, Ang MCY, Park M, Cui J, Khong DT, Singh GP, Koman VB, Gong X, Porter TK, Choi SW, Chung K, Chua NH, Urano D, Strano MS. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Carbon Nanotube Sensors for the Plant Hormone Family Gibberellins. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:916-924. [PMID: 36651830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) are a class of phytohormones, important for plant growth, and very difficult to distinguish because of their similarity in chemical structures. Herein, we develop the first nanosensors for GAs by designing and engineering polymer-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with unique corona phases that selectively bind to bioactive GAs, GA3 and GA4, triggering near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence intensity changes. Using a new coupled Raman/NIR fluorimeter that enables self-referencing of nanosensor NIR fluorescence with its Raman G-band, we demonstrated detection of cellular GA in Arabidopsis, lettuce, and basil roots. The nanosensors reported increased endogenous GA levels in transgenic Arabidopsis mutants that overexpress GA and in emerging lateral roots. Our approach allows rapid spatiotemporal detection of GA across species. The reversible sensor captured the decreasing GA levels in salt-treated lettuce roots, which correlated remarkably with fresh weight changes. This work demonstrates the potential for nanosensors to solve longstanding problems in plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulaporn Boonyaves
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Mervin Chun-Yi Ang
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Minkyung Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jianqiao Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Duc Thinh Khong
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Gajendra Pratap Singh
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas Koizumi Porter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Seo Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kwanghun Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nam-Hai Chua
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Michael S Strano
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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17
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Feng C, Gao H, Zhou Y, Jing Y, Li S, Yan Z, Xu K, Zhou F, Zhang W, Yang X, Hussain MA, Li H. Unfolding molecular switches for salt stress resilience in soybean: recent advances and prospects for salt-tolerant smart plant production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162014. [PMID: 37152141 PMCID: PMC10154572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The increasing sodium salts (NaCl, NaHCO3, NaSO4 etc.) in agricultural soil is a serious global concern for sustainable agricultural production and food security. Soybean is an important food crop, and their cultivation is severely challenged by high salt concentration in soils. Classical transgenic and innovative breeding technologies are immediately needed to engineer salt tolerant soybean plants. Additionally, unfolding the molecular switches and the key components of the soybean salt tolerance network are crucial for soybean salt tolerance improvement. Here we review our understandings of the core salt stress response mechanism in soybean. Recent findings described that salt stress sensing, signalling, ionic homeostasis (Na+/K+) and osmotic stress adjustment might be important in regulating the soybean salinity stress response. We also evaluated the importance of antiporters and transporters such as Arabidopsis K+ Transporter 1 (AKT1) potassium channel and the impact of epigenetic modification on soybean salt tolerance. We also review key phytohormones, and osmo-protectants and their role in salt tolerance in soybean. In addition, we discuss the progress of omics technologies for identifying salt stress responsive molecular switches and their targeted engineering for salt tolerance in soybean. This review summarizes recent progress in soybean salt stress functional genomics and way forward for molecular breeding for developing salt-tolerant soybean plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao Gao
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Jing
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Senquan Li
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhao Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Keheng Xu
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fangxue Zhou
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Azhar Hussain, ; Haiyan Li,
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Azhar Hussain, ; Haiyan Li,
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18
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Duan W, Lu B, Liu L, Meng Y, Ma X, Li J, Zhang K, Sun H, Zhang Y, Dong H, Bai Z, Li C. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Root Physiology, Transcriptome and Metabolome of Cotton Seedlings under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169456. [PMID: 36012720 PMCID: PMC9409268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Root systems are the key organs through which plants absorb water and nutrients and perceive the soil environment and thus are easily damaged by salt stress. Melatonin can alleviate stress-induced damage to roots. The present study investigated the effects of exogenous melatonin on the root physiology, transcriptome and metabolome of cotton seedlings under salt stress. Salt stress was observed to damage the cell structure and disorder the physiological system of cotton seedling roots. After subjecting melatonin-soaked seeds to salt stress, the activities of SOD, CAT and POD in cotton seedling roots increased by 10–25%, 50–60% and 50–60%, respectively. The accumulation of H2O2 and MDA were significantly decreased by 30–60% and 30–50%, respectively. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and K+ increased by 15–30%, 15–30% and 20–50%, respectively, while the Na+ content was significantly reduced. Melatonin also increased auxin (by 20–40%), brassinosteroids (by 5–40%) and gibberellin (by 5–35%) and promoted melatonin content and root activity. Exogenous melatonin maintained the integrity of root cells and increased the number of organelles. Transcriptomic and metabolomic results showed that exogenous melatonin could mitigate the salt-stress-induced inhibition of plant root development by regulating the reactive oxygen species scavenging system; ABC transporter synthesis; plant hormone signal transduction, endogenous melatonin gene expression; and the expression of the transcription factors MYB, TGA and WRKY33. These results provide a new direction and empirical basis for improving crop salt tolerance with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Bin Lu
- College of Landscape and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Liantao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yanjun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xinying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongchun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hezhong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Cotton Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhiying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Cundong Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.B.); (C.L.)
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Song ZT, Chen XJ, Luo L, Yu F, Liu JX, Han JJ. UBA domain protein SUF1 interacts with NatA-complex subunit NAA15 to regulate thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1297-1302. [PMID: 35524486 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
During recovery from heat stress, plants clear away the heat-stress-induced misfolded proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). In the UPS, the recognition of substrate proteins by E3 ligase can be regulated by the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex. Here, we determined that Arabidopsis STRESS-RELATED UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED-DOMAIN PROTEIN FACTOR 1 (SUF1) interacts with the NatA complex core subunit NAA15 and positively regulates NAA15. The suf1 and naa15 mutants are sensitive to heat stress; the NatA substrate N SNC1 is stabilized in suf1 mutant plants during heat stress recovery. Therefore, SUF1 and its interactor NAA15 play important roles in basal thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jia-Jia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
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20
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Li Y, Zhou J, Li Z, Qiao J, Quan R, Wang J, Huang R, Qin H. SALT AND ABA RESPONSE ERF1 improves seed germination and salt tolerance by repressing ABA signaling in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1110-1127. [PMID: 35294556 PMCID: PMC9157093 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) germination and seedling establishment, particularly in increasingly saline soils, are critical to ensure successful crop yields. Seed vigor, which determines germination and seedling growth, is a complex trait affected by exogenous (environmental) and endogenous (hormonal) factors. Here, we used genetic and biochemical analyses to uncover the role of an APETALA2-type transcription factor, SALT AND ABA RESPONSE ERF1 (OsSAE1), as a positive regulator of seed germination and salt tolerance in rice by repressing the expression of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (OsABI5). ossae1 knockout lines exhibited delayed seed germination, enhanced sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) during germination and in early seedling growth, and reduced seedling salt tolerance. OsSAE1 overexpression lines exhibited the converse phenotype, with increased seed germination and salt tolerance. In vivo and in vitro assays indicated that OsSAE1 binds directly to the promoter of OsABI5, a major downstream component of the ABA signaling pathway and acts as a major regulator of seed germination and stress response. Genetic analyses revealed that OsABI5-mediated ABA signaling functions downstream of OsSAE1. This study provides important insights into OsSAE1 regulation of seed vigor and salt tolerance and facilitates the practical use of OsSAE1 in breeding salt-tolerant varieties suitable for direct seeding cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinzhu Qiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hua Qin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
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21
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Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Parental Lines of Maize Hybrid An'nong876 in Response to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095231. [PMID: 35563623 PMCID: PMC9100555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an essential food crop worldwide, but it is highly susceptible to salt stress, especially at the seedling stage. In this study, we conducted physiological and comparative transcriptome analyses of seedlings of maize inbred lines An’nong876 paternal (cmh15) and An’nong876 maternal (CM37) under salt stress. The cmh15 seedlings were more salt-tolerant and had higher relative water content, lower electrolyte leakage, and lower malondialdehyde levels in the leaves than CM37. We identified 2559 upregulated and 1770 downregulated genes between salt-treated CM37 and the controls, and 2757 upregulated and 2634 downregulated genes between salt-treated cmh15 and the controls by RNA sequencing analysis. Gene ontology functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that photosynthesis-related and oxidation-reduction processes were deeply involved in the responses of cmh15 and CM37 to salt stress. We also found differences in the hormone signaling pathway transduction and regulation patterns of transcription factors encoded by the differentially expressed genes in both cmh15 and CM37 under salt stress. Together, our findings provide insights into the molecular networks that mediate salt stress tolerance of maize at the seedling stage.
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22
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Xia-Yu G, Meng Z, Ming-Dong Z, Ji-Rui L, Zhong-Wei W, Jian-Wu L, Bin Z, Zhi-Yong A, Hua-Feng D. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the super hybrid rice Chaoyouqianhao under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35525915 PMCID: PMC9077912 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03586-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinization is a threat to food security. China is rich in saline land resources for potential and current utilization. The cultivation and promotion of salt-tolerant rice varieties can greatly improve the utilization of this saline land. The super hybrid rice Chaoyouqianhao (CY1000) is one of the most salt-tolerant rice varieties and is widely used, but the molecular mechanism underlying its salt tolerance is not clear. RESULTS In this study, the characteristics of CY1000 and its parents were evaluated in the field and laboratory. The results showed that aboveground parts of CY1000 were barely influenced by salt stress, while the roots were less affected than those of its parents. A comparative transcriptomic strategy was used to analyze the differences in the response to salt stress among the male and female parents of CY1000 at the seedling stage and the model indica rice 93-11. We found that the salt tolerance of CY1000 was mainly inherited from its male parent R900, and its female parent GX24S showed hardly any salt tolerance. To adapt to salt stress, CY1000 and R900 upregulated the expression of genes associated with soluble component synthesis and cell wall synthesis and other related genes and downregulated the expression of most genes related to growth material acquisition and consumption. In CY1000 and R900, the expression of genes encoding some novel key proteins in the ubiquitination pathway was significantly upregulated. After treatment with MG-132, the salt tolerance of CY1000 and R900 was significantly decreased and was almost the same as that of the wild type after salt stress treatment, indicating that ubiquitination played an important role in the salt tolerance mechanism of CY1000. At the same time, we found that some transcription factors were also involved in the salt stress response, with some transcription factors responding only in hybrid CY1000, suggesting that salt tolerance heterosis might be regulated by transcription factors in rice. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that the ubiquitination pathway is important for salt tolerance in rice, and several novel candidate genes were identified to reveal a novel salt tolerance regulation network. Additionally, our work will help clarify the mechanism of heterosis in rice. Further exploration of the molecular mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of CY1000 can provide a theoretical basis for breeding new salt-tolerant rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Xia-Yu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
- National Innovation Center of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya, 572000 P. R. China
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Zhang Meng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Zhu Ming-Dong
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Long Ji-Rui
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhong-Wei
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Li Jian-Wu
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Zhou Bin
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Ai Zhi-Yong
- National Innovation Center of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya, 572000 P. R. China
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Deng Hua-Feng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
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23
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Zhou J, Qiao J, Wang J, Quan R, Huang R, Qin H. OsQHB Improves Salt Tolerance by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:848891. [PMID: 35599895 PMCID: PMC9115556 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.848891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops. Mining the key genes involved in the balance of rice salt tolerance and yield will be extremely important for us to cultivate salt-tolerance rice varieties. In this study, we report a WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene, quiescent-center-specific homeobox (OsQHB), positively regulates yield-related traits and negatively regulates salt tolerance in rice. Mutation in OsQHB led to a decrease in plant height, tiller number, panicle length, grain length and grain width, and an increase in salt tolerance. Transcriptome and qPCR analysis showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging-related genes were regulated by OsQHB. Moreover, the osqhb mutants have higher ROS-scavenging enzymes activities and lower accumulation of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) under salt stress. Thus, our findings provide new insights into the role of rice WOX gene family in rice development and salt tolerance, and suggest that OsQHB is a valuable target for improving rice production in environments characterized by salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhu Qiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
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24
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TaNBR1, a Novel Wheat NBR1-like Domain Gene Negatively Regulates Drought Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094519. [PMID: 35562909 PMCID: PMC9105663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is an important factor that severely affects crop yield and quality. Autophagy has a crucial role in the responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, we explore TaNBR1 in response to drought stress. Expression of the TaNBR1 gene was strongly induced by NaCl, PEG, and abscisic acid treatments. The TaNBR1 protein is localized in the Golgi apparatus and autophagosome. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing TaNBR1 exhibited reduced drought tolerance. When subjected to drought stress, compared to the wild-type (WT) lines, the transgenic overexpressing TaNBR1 plants had a lower seed germination rate, relative water content, proline content, and reduced accumulation of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, as well as higher chlorophyll losses, malondialdehyde contents, and water loss. The transgenic plants overexpressing TaNBR1 produced much shorter roots in response to mannitol stress, in comparison to the WT plants, and they exhibited greater sensitivity to abscisic acid treatment. The expression levels of the genes related to stress in the transgenic plants were affected in response to drought stress. Our results indicate that TaNBR1 negatively regulates drought stress responses by affecting the expression of stress-related genes in Arabidopsis.
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25
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Interactions of Gibberellins with Phytohormones and Their Role in Stress Responses. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Gibberellins are amongst the main plant growth regulators. Discovered over a century ago, the interest in gibberellins research is growing due to their current and potential applications in crop production and their role in the responses to environmental stresses. In the present review, the current knowledge on gibberellins’ homeostasis and modes of action is outlined. Besides this, the complex interrelations between gibberellins and other plant growth regulators are also described, providing an intricate network of interactions that ultimately drives towards precise and specific gene expression. Thus, genes and proteins identified as being involved in gibberellin responses in model and non-model species are highlighted. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms governing the gibberellins’ relation to stress responses are also depicted. This review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the state-of-the-art of the current perceptions of the interactions of gibberellins with other phytohormones, and their responses to plant stresses, thus allowing for the identification of the specific mechanisms involved. This knowledge will help us to improve our understanding of gibberellins’ biology, and might help increase the biotechnological toolbox needed to refine plant resilience, particularly under a climate change scenario.
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26
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Wang D, Musazade E, Wang H, Liu J, Zhang C, Liu W, Liu Y, Guo L. Regulatory Mechanism of the Constitutive Photomorphogenesis 9 Signalosome Complex in Response to Abiotic Stress in Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2777-2788. [PMID: 35199516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN) is a highly conserved protein complex that regulates signaling pathways in plants under abiotic stress. We discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of CSN under abiotic stress, including oxidative stress with reactive oxygen species signaling, salt stress with jasmonic acid, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid signaling, high-temperature stress with auxin signaling, and optical radiation with DNA damage and repair response. We conclude that CSN likely participates in affecting antioxidant biosynthesis and hormone signaling by targeting receptors, kinases, and transcription factors in response to abiotic stress, which potentially provides valuable information for engineering stress-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Higher Value Application, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Elshan Musazade
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Higher Value Application, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmei Liu
- Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- College of Food and Biotechnology, Changchun Polytechnic, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxi Liu
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Higher Value Application, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Liquan Guo
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Biology and Higher Value Application, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, People's Republic of China
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Choudhary P, Pramitha L, Rana S, Verma S, Aggarwal PR, Muthamilarasan M. Hormonal crosstalk in regulating salinity stress tolerance in graminaceous crops. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1587-1596. [PMID: 34537966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major threats that pose challenges to global cereal productivity and food security. Cereals have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to circumvent stress at morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Salt stress cues are perceived by the roots, which trigger the underlying signaling pathways that involve phytohormones. Each phytohormone triggers a specific signaling pathway integrated in a complex manner to produce antagonistic, synergistic, and additive responses. Phytohormones induce salt-responsive signaling pathways to modulate various physiological and anatomical mechanisms, including cell wall repair, apoplastic pH regulation, ion homeostasis, root hair formation, chlorophyll content, and leaf morphology. Exogenous applications of phytohormones moderate the adverse effects of salinity and improve growth. Understanding the complex hormonal crosstalk in cereals under salt stress will advance the knowledge about cooperation or antagonistic mechanisms among hormones and their role in developing salt-tolerant cereals to enhance the productivity of saline agricultural land. In this context, the present review focuses on the mechanisms of hormonal crosstalk that mediate the salt stress response and adaptation in graminaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shubham Verma
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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28
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Saddhe AA, Mishra AK, Kumar K. Molecular insights into the role of plant transporters in salt stress response. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1481-1494. [PMID: 33963568 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress disturbs the cellular osmotic and ionic balance, which then creates a negative impact on plant growth and development. The Na+ and Cl- ions can enter into plant cells through various membrane transporters, including specific and non-specific Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ transporters. Therefore, it is important to understand Na+ and K+ transport mechanisms in plants along with the isolation of genes, their characterization, the structural features, and their post-translation regulation under salt stress. This review summarizes the molecular insights of plant ion transporters, including non-selective cation transporters, cyclic nucleotide-gated cation transporters, glutamate-like receptors, membrane intrinsic proteins, cation proton antiporters, and sodium proton antiporter families. Further, we discussed the K+ transporter families such as high-affinity K+ transporters, HAK/KUP/KT transporters, shaker type K+ transporters, and K+ efflux antiporters. Besides the ion transport process, we have shed light on available literature on epigenetic regulation of transport processes under salt stress. Recent advancements of salt stress sensing mechanisms and various salt sensors within signaling transduction pathways are discussed. Further, we have compiled salt-stress signaling pathways, and their crosstalk with phytohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Ashok Saddhe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
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29
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Liu W, Liu Z, Mo Z, Guo S, Liu Y, Xie Q. ATG8-Interacting Motif: Evolution and Function in Selective Autophagy of Targeting Biological Processes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:783881. [PMID: 34912364 PMCID: PMC8666691 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.783881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved vacuolar process functioning in the degradation of cellular components for reuse. In plants, autophagy is generally activated upon stress and its regulation is executed by numbers of AuTophaGy-related genes (ATGs), of which the ATG8 plays a dual role in both biogenesis of autophagosomes and recruitment of ATG8-interacting motif (AIM) anchored selective autophagy receptors (SARs). Such motif is either termed as AIM or ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM), corresponding to the LC3-interacting region (LIR)/AIM docking site (LDS) or the UIM docking site (UDS) of ATG8, respectively. To date, dozens of AIM or UIM containing SARs have been characterized. However, the knowledge of these motifs is still obscured. In this review, we intend to summarize the current understanding of SAR proteins and discuss the conservation and diversification of the AIMs/UIMs, expectantly providing new insights into the evolution of them in various biological processes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zinan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zulong Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Zhao G, Luo C, Luo J, Li J, Gong H, Zheng X, Liu X, Guo J, Zhou L, Wu H. A mutation in LacDWARF1 results in a GA-deficient dwarf phenotype in sponge gourd (Luffa acutangula). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:3443-3457. [PMID: 34390352 PMCID: PMC8440308 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A dwarfism gene LacDWARF1 was mapped by combined BSA-Seq and comparative genomics analyses to a 65.4 kb physical genomic region on chromosome 05. Dwarf architecture is one of the most important traits utilized in Cucurbitaceae breeding because it saves labor and increases the harvest index. To our knowledge, there has been no prior research about dwarfism in the sponge gourd. This study reports the first dwarf mutant WJ209 with a decrease in cell size and internodes. A genetic analysis revealed that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene, which is designated Lacdwarf1 (Lacd1). Combined with bulked segregate analysis and next-generation sequencing, we quickly mapped a 65.4 kb region on chromosome 5 using F2 segregation population with InDel and SNP polymorphism markers. Gene annotation revealed that Lac05g019500 encodes a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase (GA3ox) that functions as the most likely candidate gene for Lacd1. DNA sequence analysis showed that there is an approximately 4 kb insertion in the first intron of Lac05g019500 in WJ209. Lac05g019500 is transcribed incorrectly in the dwarf mutant owing to the presence of the insertion. Moreover, the bioactive GAs decreased significantly in WJ209, and the dwarf phenotype could be restored by exogenous GA3 treatment, indicating that WJ209 is a GA-deficient mutant. All these results support the conclusion that Lac05g019500 is the Lacd1 gene. In addition, RNA-Seq revealed that many genes, including those related to plant hormones, cellular process, cell wall, membrane and response to stress, were significantly altered in WJ209 compared with the wild type. This study will aid in the use of molecular marker-assisted breeding in the dwarf sponge gourd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangjun Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Caixia Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- College of Agriculture & Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianning Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Junxing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinju Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- College of Agriculture & Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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Yan Z, Wang J, Wang F, Xie C, Lv B, Yu Z, Dai S, Liu X, Xia G, Tian H, Li C, Ding Z. MPK3/6-induced degradation of ARR1/10/12 promotes salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52457. [PMID: 34402578 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins are phytohormones that regulate plant development, growth, and responses to stress. In particular, cytokinin has been reported to negatively regulate plant adaptation to high salinity; however, the molecular mechanisms that counteract cytokinin signaling and enable salt tolerance are not fully understood. Here, we provide evidence that salt stress induces the degradation of the cytokinin signaling components Arabidopsis (Arabidopisis thaliana) response regulator 1 (ARR1), ARR10 and ARR12. Furthermore, the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MPK3) and MPK6 interact with and phosphorylate ARR1/10/12 to promote their degradation in response to salt stress. As expected, salt tolerance is decreased in the mpk3/6 double mutant, but enhanced upon ectopic MPK3/MPK6 activation in an MKK5DD line. Importantly, salt hypersensitivity phenotypes of the mpk3/6 line were significantly alleviated by mutation of ARR1/12. The above results indicate that MPK3/6 enhance salt tolerance in part via their negative regulation of ARR1/10/12 protein stability. Thus, our work reveals a new molecular mechanism underlying salt-induced stress adaptation and the inhibition of plant growth, via enhanced degradation of cytokinin signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengxia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuantian Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bingsheng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuiling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Pu X, Tang Y, Zhang M, Li T, Qiu X, Zhang J, Wang J, Li L, Yang Z, Su Y, Zhang H, Liang J, Yu M, Tang Y, Deng G, Long H. Identification and candidate gene mining of HvSS1, a novel qualitative locus on chromosome 6H, regulating the uppermost internode elongation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2481-2494. [PMID: 33942136 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel qualitative locus regulating the uppermost internode elongation of barley was identified and mapped on 6H, and the candidate gene mining was performed by employing various barley genomic resources. The stem of grass crops, such as barley and wheat, is composed of several interconnected internodes. The extent of elongation of these internodes determines stem height, and hence lodging, canopy architecture, and grain yield. The uppermost internode (UI) is the last internode to elongate. Its elongation contributes largely to stem height and facilitates spike exsertion, which is crucial for final grain yield. Despite the molecular mechanism underlying regulation of UI elongation was extensively investigated in rice, little is known in barley. In this study, we characterized a barley spontaneous mutant, Sheathed Spike 1 (SS1), showing significantly shortened UI and sheathed spike (SS). The extension of UI parenchyma cell in SS1 was significantly suppressed. Exogenous hormone treatments and RNA-seq analysis indicated that the suppression of UI elongation is possibly related to insufficient content of endogenous bioactive gibberellin. Genetic analysis showed that SS1 is possibly controlled by a qualitative dominant nuclear factor. Bulked segregant analysis and further molecular marker mapping identified a novel major locus, HvSS1, in a recombination cold spot expanding 173.44-396.33 Mb on chromosome 6H. The candidate gene mining was further conducted by analyzing sequence differences, spatiotemporal expression patterns, and variant distributions of genes in the candidate interval by employing various barley genomic resources of worldwide collections of barley accessions. This study made insight into genetic control of UI elongation in barley and laid a solid foundation for further gene cloning and functional characterization. The results obtained here also provided valuable information for similar research in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Pu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihao Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xvebing Qiu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanyu Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilan Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Su
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haili Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Liang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Maoqun Yu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Tang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbing Deng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Long
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Analysis of Phytohormone Signal Transduction in Sophora alopecuroides under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147313. [PMID: 34298928 PMCID: PMC8304577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress seriously restricts crop yield and quality, leading to an urgent need to understand its effects on plants and the mechanism of plant responses. Although phytohormones are crucial for plant responses to salt stress, the role of phytohormone signal transduction in the salt stress responses of stress-resistant species such as Sophora alopecuroides has not been reported. Herein, we combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses to evaluate expression changes of key genes and metabolites associated with plant hormone signal transduction in S. alopecuroides roots under salt stress for 0 h to 72 h. Auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroid, and gibberellin signals were predominantly involved in regulating S. alopecuroides growth and recovery under salt stress. Ethylene and jasmonic acid signals may negatively regulate the response of S. alopecuroides to salt stress. Abscisic acid and salicylic acid are significantly upregulated under salt stress, and their signals may positively regulate the plant response to salt stress. Additionally, salicylic acid (SA) might regulate the balance between plant growth and resistance by preventing reduction in growth-promoting hormones and maintaining high levels of abscisic acid (ABA). This study provides insight into the mechanism of salt stress response in S. alopecuroides and the corresponding role of plant hormones, which is beneficial for crop resistance breeding.
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Yu H, Du Q, Campbell M, Yu B, Walia H, Zhang C. Genome-wide discovery of natural variation in pre-mRNA splicing and prioritising causal alternative splicing to salt stress response in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1273-1287. [PMID: 33453070 PMCID: PMC8048671 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential step for the regulation of gene expression. In order to specifically capture splicing variants in plants for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we developed a software tool to quantify and visualise Variations of Splicing in Population (VaSP). VaSP can quantify splicing variants from short-read RNA-seq datasets and discover genotype-specific splicing (GSS) events, which can be used to prioritise causal pre-mRNA splicing events in GWAS. We applied our method to an RNA-seq dataset with 328 samples from 82 genotypes from a rice diversity panel exposed to optimal and saline growing conditions. In total, 764 significant GSS events were identified in salt stress conditions. GSS events were used as markers for a GWAS with the shoot Na+ accumulation, which identified six GSS events in five genes significantly associated with the shoot Na+ content. Two of these genes, OsNUC1 and OsRAD23 emerged as top candidate genes with splice variants that exhibited significant divergence between the variants for shoot growth under salt stress conditions. VaSP is a versatile tool for alternative splicing analysis in plants and a powerful tool for prioritising candidate causal pre-mRNA splicing and corresponding genomic variations in GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Yu
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Qian Du
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Malachy Campbell
- Department of Agronomy and HorticultureUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68583USA
- Department of Plant BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14850USA
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
- Center for Plant Science and InnovationUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Harkamal Walia
- Department of Agronomy and HorticultureUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68583USA
- Center for Plant Science and InnovationUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
- Center for Plant Science and InnovationUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
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Gao S, Chu C. Gibberellin Metabolism and Signaling: Targets for Improving Agronomic Performance of Crops. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1902-1911. [PMID: 32761079 PMCID: PMC7758032 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) are a class of tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that regulate many aspects of plant development, including seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, pollen maturation, and the development of flowers, fruits and seeds. During the past decades, the primary objective of crop breeding programs has been to increase productivity or yields. 'Green Revolution' genes that can produce semidwarf, high-yielding crops were identified as GA synthesis or response genes, confirming the value of research on GAs in improving crop productivity. The manipulation of GA status either by genetic alteration or by exogenous application of GA or GA biosynthesis inhibitors is often used to optimize plant growth and yields. In this review, we summarize the roles of GAs in major aspects of crop growth and development and present the possible targets for the fine-tuning of GA metabolism and signaling as a promising strategy for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopei Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Corresponding author: E-mail, ; Fax, +86 010 64806608
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Advances and Challenges in the Breeding of Salt-Tolerant Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218385. [PMID: 33182265 PMCID: PMC7664944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization and a degraded ecological environment are challenging agricultural productivity and food security. Rice (Oryza sativa), the staple food of much of the world’s population, is categorized as a salt-susceptible crop. Improving the salt tolerance of rice would increase the potential of saline-alkali land and ensure food security. Salt tolerance is a complex quantitative trait. Biotechnological efforts to improve the salt tolerance of rice hinge on a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize progress in the breeding of salt-tolerant rice and in the mapping and cloning of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with salt tolerance in rice. Furthermore, we describe biotechnological tools that can be used to cultivate salt-tolerant rice, providing a reference for efforts aimed at rapidly and precisely cultivating salt-tolerance rice varieties.
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Yu Z, Duan X, Luo L, Dai S, Ding Z, Xia G. How Plant Hormones Mediate Salt Stress Responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:1117-1130. [PMID: 32675014 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major environmental stresses limiting plant growth and productivity. To adapt to salt stress, plants have developed various strategies to integrate exogenous salinity stress signals with endogenous developmental cues to optimize the balance of growth and stress responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that phytohormones, besides controlling plant growth and development under normal conditions, also mediate various environmental stresses, including salt stress, and thus regulate plant growth adaptation. In this review, we mainly discuss and summarize how plant hormones mediate salinity signals to regulate plant growth adaptation. We also highlight how, in response to salt stress, plants build a defense system by orchestrating the synthesis, signaling, and metabolism of various hormones via multiple crosstalks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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