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Mei C, Li X, Yan P, Feng B, Mamat A, Wang J, Li N. Identification of Apple Flower Development-Related Gene Families and Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7510. [PMID: 39062752 PMCID: PMC11277112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) stands out as a globally significant fruit tree with considerable economic importance. Nonetheless, the orchard production of 'Fuji' apples faces significant challenges, including delayed flowering in young trees and inconsistent annual yields in mature trees, ultimately resulting in suboptimal fruit yield due to insufficient flower bud formation. Flower development represents a pivotal process influencing plant adaptation to environmental conditions and is a crucial determinant of successful plant reproduction. The three gene or transcription factor (TF) families, C2H2, DELLA, and FKF1, have emerged as key regulators in plant flowering regulation; however, understanding their roles during apple flowering remains limited. Consequently, this study identified 24 MdC2H2, 6 MdDELLA, and 6 MdFKF1 genes in the apple genome with high confidence. Through phylogenetic analyses, the genes within each family were categorized into three distinct subgroups, with all facets of protein physicochemical properties and conserved motifs contingent upon subgroup classification. Repetitive events between these three gene families within the apple genome were elucidated via collinearity analysis. qRT-PCR analysis was conducted and revealed significant expression differences among MdC2H2-18, MdDELLA1, and MdFKF1-4 during apple bud development. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid analysis unveiled an interaction between MdC2H2-18 and MdDELLA1. The genome-wide identification of the C2H2, DELLA, and FKF1 gene families in apples has shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying apple flower bud development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Mei
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Peng Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Beibei Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Aisajan Mamat
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Jixun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Ning Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (P.Y.); (B.F.); (A.M.)
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830091, China
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2
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Wang D, Coleman HD. The transcriptional regulation of a putative hemicellulose gene, PtrPARVUS2 in poplar. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12592. [PMID: 38824196 PMCID: PMC11144201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The plant cell wall serves as a critical interface between the plant and its environment, offering protection against various stresses and contributing to biomass production. Hemicellulose is one of the major components of the cell wall, and understanding the transcriptional regulation of its production is essential to fully understanding cell wall formation. This study explores the regulatory mechanisms underlying one of the genes involved in hemicellulose biosynthesis, PtrPARVUS2. Six transcription factors (TFs) were identified from a xylem-biased library to negatively regulate PtrPARVUS2 expression. These TFs, belonging to diverse TF families, were confirmed to bind to specific cis-elements in the PtrPARVUS2 promoter region, as validated by Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) assays, transient expression analysis, and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) assays. Furthermore, motif analysis identified putative cis-regulatory elements bound by these TFs, shedding light on the transcriptional regulation of SCW biosynthesis genes. Notably, several TFs targeted genes encoding uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs), crucial enzymes involved in hemicellulose glycosylation. Phylogenetic analysis of UGTs regulated by these TFs highlighted their diverse roles in modulating hemicellulose synthesis. Overall, this study identifies a set of TFs that regulate PARVUS2 in poplar, providing insights into the intricate coordination of TFs and PtrPARVUS2 in SCW formation. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms enhances our ability to engineer plant biomass for tailored applications, including biofuel production and bioproduct development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Heather D Coleman
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.
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3
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Zhuang H, Li YH, Zhao XY, Zhi JY, Chen H, Lan JS, Luo ZJ, Qu YR, Tang J, Peng HP, Li TY, Zhu SY, Jiang T, He GH, Li YF. STAMENLESS1 activates SUPERWOMAN 1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER 1 to control floral organ identities and meristem fate in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:802-822. [PMID: 38305492 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Floral patterns are unique to rice and contribute significantly to its reproductive success. SL1 encodes a C2H2 transcription factor that plays a critical role in flower development in rice, but the molecular mechanism regulated by it remains poorly understood. Here, we describe interactions of the SL1 with floral homeotic genes, SPW1, and DL in specifying floral organ identities and floral meristem fate. First, the sl1 spw1 double mutant exhibited a stamen-to-pistil transition similar to that of sl1, spw1, suggesting that SL1 and SPW1 may located in the same pathway regulating stamen development. Expression analysis revealed that SL1 is located upstream of SPW1 to maintain its high level of expression and that SPW1, in turn, activates the B-class genes OsMADS2 and OsMADS4 to suppress DL expression indirectly. Secondly, sl1 dl displayed a severe loss of floral meristem determinacy and produced amorphous tissues in the third/fourth whorl. Expression analysis revealed that the meristem identity gene OSH1 was ectopically expressed in sl1 dl in the fourth whorl, suggesting that SL1 and DL synergistically terminate the floral meristem fate. Another meristem identity gene, FON1, was significantly decreased in expression in sl1 background mutants, suggesting that SL1 may directly activate its expression to regulate floral meristem fate. Finally, molecular evidence supported the direct genomic binding of SL1 to SPW1 and FON1 and the subsequent activation of their expression. In conclusion, we present a model to illustrate the roles of SL1, SPW1, and DL in floral organ specification and regulation of floral meristem fate in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhuang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yu-Huan Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jing-Ya Zhi
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jin-Song Lan
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ze-Jiang Luo
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan-Rong Qu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Han-Ping Peng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tian-Ye Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Si-Ying Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guang-Hua He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Fang H, Chen H, Wang J, Li N, Zhang L, Wei C. G1 Interacts with OsMADS1 to Regulate the Development of the Sterile Lemma in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:505. [PMID: 38498476 PMCID: PMC10892649 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Flower development, as the basis for plant seed development, is principally conserved in angiosperms. At present, a number of genes regulating flower organ differentiation have been identified, and an ABCDE model has also been proposed. In contrast, the mechanism that regulates the development of the sterile lemma remains unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized a rice floral organ mutant, M15, in which the sterile lemma transformed into a lemma-like organ. Positional cloning combined with a complementary experiment demonstrated that the mutant phenotype was restored by LONG STERILE LEMMA1/(G1). G1 was expressed constitutively in various tissues, with the highest expression levels detected in the sterile lemma and young panicle. G1 is a nucleus-localized protein and functions as a homomer. Biochemical assays showed that G1 physically interacted with OsMADS1 both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the expression of G1 in M15 decreased, while the expression level of OsMADS1 increased compared with the wild type. We demonstrate that G1 plays a key role in sterile lemma development through cooperating with OsMADS1. The above results have implications for further research on the molecular mechanisms underlying flower development and may have potential applications in crop improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Fang
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (H.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Hualan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.C.); (N.L.); (L.Z.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (H.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.C.); (N.L.); (L.Z.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.C.); (N.L.); (L.Z.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Cunxu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.C.); (N.L.); (L.Z.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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5
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Zhang Z, Zhao P, Wang X, Wang H, Zhai Z, Zhao X, Xing L, Qi Z, Shang Y. Identification and map-based cloning of long glume mutant gene lgm1 in barley. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2024; 44:3. [PMID: 38222975 PMCID: PMC10786806 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The spikes of gramineous plants are composed of specialized units called spikelets. Two bracts at the spikelet bases are known as glumes. The spikelet glumes in barley are degenerated into threadlike structures. Here, we report a long glume mutant, lgm1, similar in appearance to a lemma with a long awn at the apex. Map-based cloning showed that the mutant lgm1 allele has an approximate 1.27 Mb deletion of in chromosome 2H. The deleted segment contains five putative high-confidence genes, among which HORVU.MOREX.r3.2HG0170820 encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein, an ortholog of rice NSG1/LRG1 and an important candidate for the Lgm1 allele. Line GA01 with a long glume and short awn was obtained in progenies of crosses involving the lgm1 mutant. Interestingly, lsg1, a mutant with long glumes on lateral spikelets, was obtained in the progenies of the lgm1 mutant. The long glume variant increased the weight of kernels in the lateral spikelets and increased kernel uniformity across the entire spike, greatly improving the potential of six-rowed barley for malting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01448-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlan Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhouping Zhai
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Liping Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Zengjun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Yi Shang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Xie P, Wu Y, Xie Q. Evolution of cereal floral architecture and threshability. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1438-1450. [PMID: 37673701 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Hulled grains, while providing natural protection for seeds, pose a challenge to manual threshing due to the pair of glumes tightly encasing them. Based on natural evolution and artificial domestication, gramineous crops evolved various hull-like floral organs. Recently, progress has been made in uncovering novel domesticated genes associated with cereal threshability and deciphering common regulatory modules pertinent to the specification of hull-like floral organs. Here we review morphological similarities, principal regulators, and common mechanisms implicated in the easy-threshing traits of crops. Understanding the shared and unique features in the developmental process of cereal threshability may not only shed light on the convergent evolution of cereals but also facilitate the de novo domestication of wild cereal germplasm resources through genome-editing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Yaorong Wu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Center of Technology Innovation for Maize, Syngenta Group China, Beijing 102206, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
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7
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Jia HH, Xu YT, Yin ZJ, Qing M, Xie KD, Guo WW, Wu XM. Genome-wide identification of the C2H2-Zinc finger gene family and functional validation of CsZFP7 in citrus nucellar embryogenesis. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2023; 36:287-300. [PMID: 37247027 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Genome-wide identification of C2H2-ZF gene family in the poly- and mono-embryonic citrus species and validation of the positive role of CsZFP7 in sporophytic apomixis. The C2H2 zinc finger (C2H2-ZF) gene family is involved in plant vegetative and reproductive development. Although a large number of C2H2 zinc-finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) have been well characterized in some horticultural plants, little is known about the C2H2-ZFPs and their function in citrus. In this work, we performed a genome-wide sequence analysis and identified 97 and 101 putative C2H2-ZF gene family members in the genomes of sweet orange (C. sinensis, poly-embryonic) and pummelo (C. grandis, mono-embryonic), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis categorized citrus C2H2-ZF gene family into four clades, and their possible functions were inferred. According to the numerous regulatory elements on promoter, citrus C2H2-ZFPs can be divided into five different regulatory function types that indicate functional differentiation. RNA-seq data revealed 20 differentially expressed C2H2-ZF genes between poly-embryonic and mono-embryonic ovules at two stages of citrus nucellar embryogenesis, among them CsZFP52 specifically expressed in mono-embryonic pummelo ovules, while CsZFP7, 37, 44, 45, 67 and 68 specifically expressed in poly-embryonic sweet orange ovules. RT-qPCR further validated that CsZFP7 specifically expressed at higher levels in poly-embryonic ovules, and down-regulation of CsZFP7 in the poly-embryonic mini citrus (Fortunella hindsii) increased rate of mono-embryonic seeds compared with the wild type, indicating the regulatory potential of CsZFP7 in nucellar embryogenesis of citrus. This work provided a comprehensive analysis of C2H2-ZF gene family in citrus, including genome organization and gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, gene duplications, possible cis-elements on promoter regions and expression profiles, especially in the poly- and mono-embryogenic ovules, and suggested that CsZFP7 is involved in nucellar embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Jia
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuan-Tao Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei Qing
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kai-Dong Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wen-Wu Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Li W, Yan J, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Guan Z, Yao Y, Chang Y, Tu H, Li X, Wang H, Xiong H, Lai X, Yin P, Xiong L. Serine protease NAL1 exerts pleiotropic functions through degradation of TOPLESS-related corepressor in rice. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1130-1142. [PMID: 37349549 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
NARROW LEAF 1 (NAL1) is a breeding-valuable pleiotropic gene that affects multiple agronomic traits in rice, although the molecular mechanism is largely unclear. Here, we report that NAL1 is a serine protease and displays a novel hexameric structure consisting of two ATP-mediated doughnut-shaped trimeric complexes. Moreover, we identified TOPLESS-related corepressor OsTPR2 involved in multiple growth and development processes as the substrate of NAL1. We found that NAL1 degraded OsTPR2, thus modulating the expression of downstream genes related to hormone signalling pathways, eventually achieving its pleiotropic physiological function. An elite allele, NAL1A, which may have originated from wild rice, could increase grain yield. Furthermore, the NAL1 homologues in different crops have a similar pleiotropic function to NAL1. Our study uncovers a NAL1-OsTPR2 regulatory module and provides gene resources for the design of high-yield crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeyuan Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilong Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaijun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuelei Lai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Sun B, Shen Y, Chen S, Shi Z, Li H, Miao X. A novel transcriptional repressor complex MYB22-TOPLESS-HDAC1 promotes rice resistance to brown planthopper by repressing F3'H expression. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:720-738. [PMID: 37149887 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice. The MYB transcription factors are vital for rice immunity, but most are activators. Although MYB22 positively regulates rice resistance to BPH and has an EAR motif associated with active repression, it remains unclear whether it is a transcriptional repressor affecting rice-BPH interaction. Genetic analyses revealed that MYB22 regulates rice resistance to BPH via its EAR motif. Several biochemical experiments (e.g. transient transcription assay, Y2H, LCA, and BiFC) indicated that MYB22 is a transcriptional repressor that interacts with the corepressor TOPLESS via its EAR motif and recruits HDAC1 to form a tripartite complex. Flavonoid-3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) is a flavonoid biosynthesis pathway-related gene that negatively regulates rice resistance to BPH. Based on a bioinformatics analysis and the results of EMSA and transient transcription assays, MYB22 can bind directly to the F3'H promoter and repress gene expression along with TOPLESS and HDAC1. We revealed a transcriptional regulatory mechanism influencing the rice-BPH interaction that differs from previously reported mechanisms. Specifically, MYB22-TOPLESS-HDAC1 is a novel transcriptional repressor complex with components that synergistically and positively regulate rice resistance to BPH through the transcriptional repression of F3'H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanjie Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Su Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenying Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuexia Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
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Shalmani A, Ullah U, Tai L, Zhang R, Jing XQ, Muhammd I, Bhanbhro N, Liu WT, Li WQ, Chen KM. OsBBX19-OsBTB97/OsBBX11 module regulates spikelet development and yield production in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023:111779. [PMID: 37355232 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Spikelet and floral-related organs are important agronomic traits for rice grain yield. BTB (broad-complex, tram track, and bric-abrac) proteins control various developmental functions in plants; however, the molecular mechanism of BTB proteins underlying grain development and yield production is still unknown. Here, we evaluated the molecular mechanism of a previously unrecognized functional gene, namely OsBTB97 that regulates the floral and spikelet-related organs which greatly affect the final grain yield. We found that the knockdown of the OsBTB97 gene had significant impacts on the development of spikelet-related organs and grain size, resulting in a decrease in yield, by altering the transcript levels of various spikelet- and grain-related genes. Furthermore, we found that the knockout mutants of two BBX genes, OsBBX11 and OsBBX19, which interact with the OsBTB97 protein at translation and transcriptional level, respectively, displayed lower OsBTB97 expression, suggesting the genetic relationship between the BTB protein and the BBX transcription factors in rice. Taken together, our study dissects the function of the novel OsBTB97 by interacting with two BBX proteins and an OsBBX19-OsBTB97/OsBBX11 module might function in the spikelet development and seed production in rice. The outcome of the present study provides promising knowledge about BTB proteins in the improvement of crop production in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Uzair Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Izhar Muhammd
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Nadeem Bhanbhro
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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11
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Dreni L. The ABC of Flower Development in Monocots: The Model of Rice Spikelet. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2686:59-82. [PMID: 37540354 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The initial seminal studies of flower developmental genetics were made from observations in several eudicot model species, particularly Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum. However, an increasing amount of research in monocot model and crop species is finally giving the credit that monocots deserve for their position in the evolutionary history of Angiosperms, their astonishing diversification and adaptation, their diversified floral structures, their pivotal function in most ecosystems on Earth and, finally, their importance in agriculture and farming, economy, landscaping and feeding mankind. Rice is a staple crop and the major monocot model to study the reproductive phase and flower evolution. Inspired by this, this chapter reviews a story of highly conserved functions related to the ABC model of flower development. Nevertheless, this model is complicated in rice by cases of gene neofunctionalization, like the recruitment of MADS-box genes for the development of the unique organs known as lemma and palea, subfunctionalization, and rewiring of conserved molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Dreni
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Analysis of the C2H2 Gene Family in Maize ( Zea mays L.) under Cold Stress: Identification and Expression. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010122. [PMID: 36676071 PMCID: PMC9863836 DOI: 10.3390/life13010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The C2H2 zinc finger protein is one of the most common zinc finger proteins, widely exists in eukaryotes, and plays an important role in plant growth and development, as well as in salt, low-temperature, and drought stress and other abiotic stress responses. In this study, C2H2 members were identified and analyzed from the low-temperature tolerant transcriptome sequencing data of maize seedlings. The chromosome position, physical and chemical properties, evolution analysis, gene structure, conservative motifs, promoter cis elements and collinearity relationships of gene the family members were analyzed using bioinformatics, and the expression of the ZmC2H2 gene family under cold stress was analyzed by fluorescent quantitative PCR. The results showed that 150 members of the C2H2 zinc finger protein family were identified, and their protein lengths ranged from 102 to 1223 bp. The maximum molecular weight of the ZmC2H2s was 135,196.34, and the minimum was 10,823.86. The isoelectric point of the ZmC2H2s was between 33.21 and 94.1, and the aliphatic index was 42.07-87.62. The promoter cis element analysis showed that the ZmC2H2 family contains many light-response elements, plant hormone-response elements, and stress-response elements. The analysis of the transcriptome data showed that most of the ZmC2H2 genes responded to cold stress, and most of the ZmC2H2 genes were highly expressed in cold-tolerant materials and lowly expressed in cold-sensitive materials. The real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that ZmC2H2-69, ZmC2H2-130, and ZmC2H2-76 were significantly upregulated, and that ZmC2H2-149, ZmC2H2-33, and ZmC2H2-38 were significantly downregulated. It is hypothesized that these genes, which function in different metabolic pathways, may play a key role in the maize cold response. These genes could be further studied as candidate genes. This study provides a theoretical reference for further study on the function analysis of the maize C2H2 gene family.
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Mao Z, Di X, Xia S, Chen Q, Ma X, Chen M, Yang Z, Zhao F, Ling Y. Detecting and pyramiding target QTL for plant- and grain-related traits via chromosomal segment substitution line of rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1020847. [PMID: 36589042 PMCID: PMC9800928 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1020847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plant height and grain length are important agronomic traits in rice, exhibiting a strong effect on plant architecture and grain quality of rice varieties. METHODS Methods: A novel rice chromosomal segment substitution line (CSSL), i.e., CSSL-Z1357, with significantly increased plant height (PH) and grain length (GL) was identified from CSSLs constructed by using Nipponbare as a receptor and a restorer line Xihui 18 as a donor. Seven agronomic traits of PH, PL, GL, GW, GPP, SPP, and TGW were phenotyped, and REML implemented in HPMIXED of SAS were used to detect the QTL for these traits. Secondary CSSLs were screened out via marker-assisted selection (MAS) to estimate the additive and epistatic effects of detected QTLs, evaluating the potential utilization of pyramiding the target QTLs for yield and quality improvement of rice varieties. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results and Discussion: CSSL-Z1357 carried nine segments from Xihui 18 with an average segment length of 4.13 Mb. The results show that the long grain of CSSL-Z1357 was caused by the increased number of surface cells and the length of the inner glume. Thirteen quantitative trait loci were identified via the F2 population of Nipponbare/CSSL-Z1357, including three each for GL (qGL-3, qGL-6, and qGL-7) and PH (qPH-1, qPH-7, and qPH-12I), among which qGL-3 increased GL by 0.23 mm with synergistic allele from CSSL-Z1357. Additionally, three single (S1 to S3), two double (D1, D2), and one triple segment (T1) substitution lines were developed in F3 via MAS. Results show that pyramiding the segments from Chr.3 (qGL-3 and qPH-3), Chr.6 (qGL-6 and qPH-6), and Chr.7 (Null and qPH-7) tended to result in better phenotype of increased GL and PH and decreased grain width, providing a potential basis for enhancing grain yield and quality in rice breeding.
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You J, Xiao W, Zhou Y, Shen W, Ye L, Yu P, Yu G, Duan Q, Zhang X, He Z, Xiang Y, Sang X, Li Y, Zhao F, Ling Y, He G, Zhang T. The APC/CTAD1-WIDE LEAF 1-NARROW LEAF 1 pathway controls leaf width in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4313-4328. [PMID: 35904763 PMCID: PMC9614488 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf morphology is one of the most important features of the ideal plant architecture. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling this feature in crops remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) wide leaf 1 (wl1) mutant, which has wider leaves than the wild-type due to more vascular bundles and greater distance between small vascular bundles. WL1 encodes a Cys-2/His-2-type zinc finger protein that interacts with Tillering and Dwarf 1 (TAD1), a co-activator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) (a multi-subunit E3 ligase). The APC/CTAD1 complex degrades WL1 via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome degradation pathway. Loss-of-function of TAD1 resulted in plants with narrow leaves due to reduced vascular bundle numbers and distance between the small vascular bundles. Interestingly, we found that WL1 negatively regulated the expression of a narrow leaf gene, NARROW LEAF 1 (NAL1), by recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS-RELATED PROTEIN and directly binding to the NAL1 regulatory region to inhibit its expression by reducing the chromatin histone acetylation. Furthermore, biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that TAD1, WL1, and NAL1 operated in a common pathway to control the leaf width. Our study establishes an important framework for understanding the APC/CTAD1-WL1-NAL1 pathway-mediated control of leaf width in rice, and provides insights for improving crop plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenqiang Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Ye
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guoling Yu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiannan Duan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhifeng He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianchun Sang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fangming Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yinghua Ling
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Authors for correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.H.H.)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Authors for correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.H.H.)
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15
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Li P, Yu A, Sun R, Liu A. Function and Evolution of C1-2i Subclass of C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Transcription Factors in POPLAR. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101843. [PMID: 36292728 PMCID: PMC9602059 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
C2H2 zinc finger (C2H2-ZF) transcription factors participate in various aspects of normal plant growth regulation and stress responses. C1-2i C2H2-ZFs are a special subclass of conserved proteins that contain two ZnF-C2H2 domains. Some C1-2i C2H2-ZFs in Arabidopsis (ZAT) are involved in stress resistance and other functions. However, there is limited information on C1-2i C2H2-ZFs in Populus trichocarpa (PtriZATs). To analyze the function and evolution of C1-2i C2H2-ZFs, eleven PtriZATs were identified in P. trichocarpa, which can be classified into two subgroups. The protein structure, conserved ZnF-C2H2 domains and QALGGH motifs, showed high conservation during the evolution of PtriZATs in P. trichocarpa. The spacing between two ZnF-C2H2 domains, chromosomal locations and cis-elements implied the original proteins and function of PtriZATs. Furthermore, the gene expression of different tissues and stress treatment showed the functional differentiation of PtriZATs subgroups and their stress response function. The analysis of C1-2i C2H2-ZFs in different Populus species and plants implied their evolution and differentiation, especially in terms of stress resistance. Cis-elements and expression pattern analysis of interaction proteins implied the function of PtriZATs through binding with stress-related genes, which are involved in gene regulation by via epigenetic modification through histone regulation, DNA methylation, ubiquitination, etc. Our results for the origin and evolution of PtriZATs will contribute to understanding the functional differentiation of C1-2i C2H2-ZFs in P. trichocarpa. The interaction and expression results will lay a foundation for the further functional investigation of their roles and biological processes in Populus.
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Zhao G, Xie S, Zong S, Wang T, Mao C, Shi J, Li J. Mutation of TL1, encoding a novel C 2H 2 zinc finger protein, improves grains eating and cooking quality in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3531-3543. [PMID: 35994056 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The cloning and characterization of a novel C2H2 zinc finger protein that affects rice eating and cooking quality by regulating amylose content and amylopectin chain-length distribution in rice. One of the major objectives in rice breeding aims to increase simultaneously yield and grain quality especially eating and cooking quality (ECQ). Controlling amylose content (AC) and amylopectin chain-length distribution (ACLD) in rice is a major strategy for improving rice ECQ. Previous studies show that some starch synthesis-related genes (SSRGs) are required for normal AC and ACLD, but its underlying regulating network is still unclear. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel C2H2 zinc finger protein TL1 (Translucent endosperm 1) that positively regulates amylose synthesis in rice grains. Loss of TL1 function reduced apparent amylose content (AAC), total starch, gel consistency, and gelatinisation temperature, whereas increased viscosity, total lipid, and ratio of amylopectin A chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 6-12 to B1 chains with DP 13-24, resulting in an enhanced grain ECQ. The improved ECQ was accompanied by altered expression patterns of several tested SSRGs in tl1 mutant grains. Furthermore, knockout of TL1 in the high-yielding rice variety JiaHua NO.1 reduced AAC without obvious side effects on major agronomic traits. These findings expand our understanding of the regulating networks of grain starch metabolism and provide new insights into how rice ECQ quality can be improved via genetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Shuifeng Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shipeng Zong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Chanjuan Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianyue Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Zeng T, Meng Z, Yue R, Lu S, Li W, Li W, Meng H, Sun Q. Genome wide association analysis for yield related traits in maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:449. [PMID: 36127632 PMCID: PMC9490995 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the genetic basis of yield related traits contributes to the improvement of grain yield in maize. RESULTS Using 291 excellent maize inbred lines as materials, six yield related traits of maize, including grain yield per plant (GYP), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), kernel number per row (KNR), 100 kernel weight (HKW) and tassel branch number (TBN) were investigated in Jinan, in 2017, 2018 and 2019. The average values of three environments were taken as the phenotypic data of yield related traits, and they were statistically analyzed. Based on 38,683 high-quality SNP markers in the whole genome of the association panel, the MLM with PCA model was used for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to obtain 59 significantly associated SNP sites. Moreover, 59 significantly associated SNPs (P < 0.0001) referring to GYP, GL, GW, KNR, HKW and TBN, of which 14 SNPs located in yield related QTLs/QTNs previously reported. A total of 66 candidate genes were identified based on the 59 significantly associated SNPs, of which 58 had functional annotation. CONCLUSIONS Using genome-wide association analysis strategy to identify genetic loci related to maize yield, a total of 59 significantly associated SNP were detected. Those results aid in our understanding of the genetic architecture of maize yield and provide useful SNPs for genetic improvement of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingru Zeng
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaodong Meng
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Runqing Yue
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shouping Lu
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wencai Li
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Wang Y, Bi X, Zhong J. Revisiting the origin and identity specification of the spikelet: A structural innovation in grasses (Poaceae). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:60-71. [PMID: 35640983 PMCID: PMC9434286 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Spikelets are highly specialized and short-lived branches and function as a constitutional unit of the complex grass inflorescences. A series of genetic, genomic, and developmental studies across different clades of the family have called for and permitted a synthesis on the regulation and evolution of spikelets, and hence inflorescence diversity. Here, we have revisited the identity specification of a spikelet, focusing on the diagnostic features of a spikelet from morphological, developmental, and molecular perspectives. Particularly, recent studies on a collection of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum spp.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants have highlighted a set of transcription factors that are important in the control of spikelet identity and the patterning of floral parts of a spikelet. In addition, we have endeavored to clarify some puzzling issues on the (in)determinacy and modifications of spikelets over the course of evolution. Meanwhile, genomes of two sister taxa of the remaining grass species have again demonstrated the importance of genome duplication and subsequent gene losses on the evolution of spikelets. Accordingly, we argue that changes in the orthologs of spikelet-related genes could be critical for the development and evolution of the spikelet, an evolutionary innovation in the grass family. Likewise, the conceptual discussions on the regulation of a fundamental unit of compound inflorescences could be translated into other organismal groups where compound structures are similarly formed, permitting a comparative perspective on the control of biological complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojing Bi
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinshun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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Huang Y, Du L, Wang M, Ren M, Yu S, Yang Q. Multifaceted roles of zinc finger proteins in regulating various agronomic traits in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:974396. [PMID: 35958192 PMCID: PMC9359907 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.974396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important cereal crop, which provides staple food for more than half of the world's population. To meet the demand of the ever-growing population in the next few decades, an extra increase in rice yield is an urgent need. Given that various agronomic traits contribute to the yield of rice, deciphering the key regulators involved in multiple agronomic trait formation is particularly important. As a superfamily of transcription factors, zinc finger proteins participate in regulating multiple genes in almost every stage of rice growth and development. Therefore, understanding zinc finger proteins underlying regulatory network would provide insights into the regulation of agronomic traits in rice. To this end, we intend to summarize the current advances in zinc finger proteins, with emphasis on C2H2 and CCCH proteins, and then discuss their potential in improving rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Huang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longgang Du
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meixi Wang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Ren
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouwu Yu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianying Yang
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang-si, South Korea
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20
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Zhang J, Ma H, Liu Y. Analysis on characteristics of female gametophyte and functional identification of genes related to inflorescences development of Kentucky bluegrass. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:1061-1079. [PMID: 34743240 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inflorescence is composed of spikes, and the spike is the carrier of grass seed formation and development, so the development status of inflorescence implies grass seed yield and quality. So far, the systematic analysis of inflorescence development of Kentucky bluegrass has not been reported. The development process of the female gametophyte of wild germplasm materials of Kentucky bluegrass in Gannan, Gansu Province of China (KB-GN), was observed. Based on this, the key developmental stages of inflorescence in KB-GN were divided into premeiosis (GPreM), meiosis (GM), postmeiosis (GPostM), and anthesis (GA), and four stages of inflorescence were selected to analyze the transcriptome expression profile. We found that its sexual reproduction formed a polygonum-type embryo sac. Transcriptome analysis showed that 4256, 1125, 1699, and 3127 genes were highly expressed in GPreM, GM, GPostM, and GA, respectively. And a large number of transcription factors (TFs) such as MADS-box, MYB and NAC, AP2, C2H2, FAR1, B3, bHLH, WRKY, and TCP were highly expressed throughout the inflorescence development stages. KEGG enrichment and MapMan analysis showed that genes involved in plant hormone metabolism were also highly expressed at the entire stages of inflorescence development. However, a few TFs belong to stage-specific genes, such as TRAF proteins with unknown function in plants was screened firstly, which was specifically and highly expressed in the GPreM, indicating that TRAF may regulate the preparatory events of meiosis or be essential for the development of megaspore mother cell (MMC). The expression patterns of 15 MADS-box genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR, and the expression results were consistent with that of the transcriptome. The study on the inflorescence development of KB-GN will be great significant works and contribution to illustrate the basic mechanism of grass seeds formation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqing Zhang
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Huiling Ma
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
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21
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Basu U, Hegde VS, Daware A, Jha UC, Parida SK. Transcriptome landscape of early inflorescence developmental stages identifies key flowering time regulators in chickpea. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 108:565-583. [PMID: 35106703 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome landscape during early inflorescence developmental stages identified candidate flowering time regulators including Early Flowering 3a. Further genomics approaches validated the role of this gene in flowering time regulation. The early stages of inflorescence development in plants are as crucial as the later floral developmental stages. Several traits, such as inflorescence architecture and flower developmental timings, are determined during those early stages. In chickpea, diverse forms of inflorescence architectures regarding meristem determinacy and the number of flowers per node are observed within the germplasm. Transcriptome analysis in four desi chickpea accessions with such unique inflorescence characteristics identifies the underlying shared regulatory events leading to inflorescence development. The vegetative to reproductive stage transition brings about major changes in the transcriptome landscape. The inflorescence development progression associated genes identified through co-expression network analysis includes both protein-coding genes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Few lncRNAs identified in our study positively regulate flowering-related mRNA stability by acting competitively with miRNAs. Bulk segregrant analysis and association mapping narrowed down an InDel marker regulating flowering time in chickpea. Deletion of 11 bp in first exon of a negative flowering time regulator, Early Flowering 3a gene, leads to early flowering phenotype in chickpea. Understanding the key players involved in vegetative to reproductive stage transition and floral meristem development will be useful in manipulating flowering time and inflorescence architecture in chickpea and other legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udita Basu
- Genomics-Assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Venkatraman S Hegde
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Anurag Daware
- Genomics-Assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Uday Chand Jha
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- Genomics-Assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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22
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Xu W, Zhu W, Yang L, Liang W, Li H, Yang L, Chen M, Luo Z, Huang G, Duan L, Dreni L, Zhang D. SMALL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS, a SUPERMAN-like transcription factor, regulates stamen and pistil growth in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1701-1718. [PMID: 34761379 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organ size is determined mainly by cell division and cell expansion. Several genetic factors regulating development of plant lateral organs have been characterized, but those involved in determining reproductive organ size and separation in rice (Oryza sativa) remain unknown. We have isolated the rice gene SMALL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS (SRO) encoding a nucleus-localized Cys2His2 (C2 H2 ) zinc finger protein orthologous to Arabidopsis transcription factor (TF) SUPERMAN (SUP). Combined developmental, genetic, histological and transcriptomic analyses were used to determine the function of SRO in regulating reproductive organ size. SRO affects genes involved in cell division, cell expansion and phytohormone signalling in the rice flower. SRO is specifically expressed in the first stages of stamen filament development to regulate their correct formation and separation. In addition, SRO noncell-autonomously regulates the size and functionality of male and female reproductive organs. The B-class MADS-box gene OsMADS16/SPW1 is epistatic to SRO, whereas SRO regulates reproductive organ specification and floral meristem determinacy synergistically with C-class genes OsMADS3 and OsMADS58. These findings provide insights into how an evolutionarily conserved TF has a pivotal role in reproductive organ development in core eudicots and monocots, through partially conserved expression, function and regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanwan Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ludovico Dreni
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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23
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Gong C, Zhao S, Yang D, Lu X, Anees M, He N, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Liu W. Genome-wide association analysis provides molecular insights into the natural variation of watermelon seed size. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab074. [PMID: 35043154 PMCID: PMC8923815 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Seed-consumption watermelon tend to have larger-sized seeds, while flesh-consumed watermelon often require relatively smaller seed. Therefore, the seed size of watermelon has received extensive attention from consumers and breeders. However, the study on the natural variation and genetic mechanism of watermelon seed size is not clear enough. In the present study, 100 seed weight, seed hilum length, seed length, seed width, and seed thickness in 197 watermelon accessions were examined. Furthermore, association analysis was conducted between seed size traits and high-quality SNP data. The results revealed that there was a strong correlation between the five seed traits. And seed enlargement was an important feature during watermelon seed size domestication. Meanwhile, the seed consumption biological species C. mucosospermu and C. lanatus edible seed watermelon had a significantly bigger seed size than other species's. Eleven non-repeating significant SNPs above the threshold line were obtained by GWAS analysis. Four of them on chromosome 5 were considered to be closely associated with seed size traits, i.e. S5: 32250307, S5: 32250454, S5: 32256177, S5: 32260870, which could be used as potential molecular markers for the breeding of watermelon cultivars with target seed size. In addition, combined with gene annotation information and previous reports, five genes near the four significant SNPs may regulate seed size. And qRT-PCR analysis showed that two genes Cla97C05G104360 and Cla97C05G104380, which may be involved in abscisic acid metabolism, may play an important role in regulating the seed size of watermelon. Our findings provide molecular insights into natural variation in watermelon seed size, and gives valuable information of molecular marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengsheng Gong
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Shengjie Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Hongju Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
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24
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Haq F, Xu X, Ma W, Shah SMA, Liu L, Zhu B, Zou L, Chen G. A Xanthomonas transcription activator-like effector is trapped in nonhost plants for immunity. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100249. [PMID: 35059629 PMCID: PMC8760140 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight in rice, delivers transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins into host cells to activate susceptibility or resistance (R) genes that promote disease or immunity, respectively. Nonhost plants serve as potential reservoirs of R genes; consequently, nonhost R genes may trap TALEs to trigger an immune response. In this study, we screened 17 Xoo TALEs for their ability to induce a hypersensitive response (HR) in the nonhost plant Nicotiana benthamiana (Nb); only AvrXa10 elicited an HR when transiently expressed in Nb. The HR generated by AvrXa10 required both the central repeat region and the activation domain, suggesting a specific interaction between AvrXa10 and a potential R-like gene in nonhost plants. Evans blue staining and ion leakage measurements confirmed that the AvrXa10-triggered HR was a form of cell death, and the transient expression of AvrXa10 in Nb induced immune responses. Genes targeted by AvrXa10 in the Nb genome were identified by transcriptome profiling and prediction of effector binding sites. Using several approaches (in vivo reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility-shift assays, targeted designer TALEs, and on-spot gene silencing), we confirmed that AvrXa10 targets NbZnFP1, a C2H2-type zinc finger protein that resides in the nucleus. Functional analysis indicated that overexpression of NbZnFP1 and its rice orthologs triggered cell death in rice protoplasts. An NbZnFP1 ortholog was also identified in tomato and was specifically activated by AvrXa10. These results demonstrate that NbZnFP1 is a nonhost R gene that traps AvrXa10 to promote plant immunity in Nb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Haq
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiameng Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenxiu Ma
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Syed Mashab Ali Shah
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Zou
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gongyou Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Corresponding author
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25
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Zhang X, Guo Q, Qin L, Li L. A Cys2His2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor BpSZA1 Positively Modulates Salt Stress in Betula platyphylla. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:823547. [PMID: 35693173 PMCID: PMC9174930 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.823547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are widely involved in plant growth and abiotic stress responses, however, few of these proteins have been functionally characterized in tree species. In this study, we cloned and characterized the BpSZA1 gene encoding a C2H2-type ZFP from Betula platyphylla. BpSZA1 is a transcription factor localized in the nucleus, with a transcription activation domain located at the N-terminus. BpSZA1 was predominantly expressed in stems and was induced by salt. We generated transgenic birch lines displaying overexpression (OE) or RNAi silencing (Ri) of BpSZA1 and exposed these along with wild-type birch seedlings to salinity. Phenotypic and physiological parameters such as superoxide dismutase, peroxisome, H2O2 content, proline content, water loss rate, and malondialdehyde content were examined. Overexpression of BpSZA1 in birch conferred increased salt tolerance. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR and RNA-seq showed that BpSZA1 binds to the GAGA-motif in the promoter of downstream target genes including BpAPX1, BpAPX2, BpCAT, and Bp6PGDH to activate their transcription. BpSZA1 also participates in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, proline biosynthesis, and the ABA/jasmonic acid pathway to enhance the salt stress of B. platyphylla.
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26
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Nergui K, Jin S, Zhao L, Liu X, Xu T, Wei J, Chen X, Yang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhao T, Li Y, Tang L, Sun R, Wang X, Liu Y, Deng X. Comparative analysis of physiological, agronomic and transcriptional responses to drought stress in wheat local varieties from Mongolia and Northern China. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:23-35. [PMID: 34844115 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that threaten wheat production worldwide, especially in the Mongolian Plateau and adjacent regions. This study aims to find local wheat varieties with high yields and drought resistance at various developmental stages based on agronomic traits and drought resistance indices analysis and explore the underlining molecular mechanisms by transcriptome analysis. Our results revealed that drought stress started at the seedling stage has a greater impact on crop yields. Four types of drought responses were found among the tested varieties. Type 1 and type 2 show low tolerance to drought stress despite high or low yield in control condition, type 3 exhibits high yield under control condition but dropped significantly after drought, and type 4 displays relatively high and stable yields under control and drought conditions. Transcriptome analysis performed with the representative varieties of the four types revealed GO terms and KEGG pathways enriched among drought-triggered differential expressed genes (DEGs). A network containing 18 modules was constructed using weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA). Ten modules were significantly correlated to yield by module-trait correlation, and 3 modules showed Darkhan 144 specific gene expression patterns. C2H2 zinc finger factor-recognized motifs were identified from the promoters of genes in these modules. qRT-PCR confirmed several key DEGs with specific expression patterns and physiological measurements validated the relatively low oxidative damage and high antioxidant capacity in the drought tolerant variety Dankhan 144. These findings provide an important basis for local agriculture and breeding of drought-tolerant high yield wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khandmaa Nergui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Songsong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jun Wei
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Runze Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
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27
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Han G, Li Y, Qiao Z, Wang C, Zhao Y, Guo J, Chen M, Wang B. Advances in the Regulation of Epidermal Cell Development by C2H2 Zinc Finger Proteins in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:754512. [PMID: 34630497 PMCID: PMC8497795 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.754512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plant epidermal cells, such as trichomes, root hairs, salt glands, and stomata, play pivotal roles in the growth, development, and environmental adaptation of terrestrial plants. Cell fate determination, differentiation, and the formation of epidermal structures represent basic developmental processes in multicellular organisms. Increasing evidence indicates that C2H2 zinc finger proteins play important roles in regulating the development of epidermal structures in plants and plant adaptation to unfavorable environments. Here, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanism underlying the roles of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in controlling epidermal cell formation in plants, with an emphasis on trichomes, root hairs, and salt glands and their roles in plant adaptation to environmental stress. In addition, we discuss the possible roles of homologous C2H2 zinc finger proteins in trichome development in non-halophytes and salt gland development in halophytes based on bioinformatic analysis. This review provides a foundation for further study of epidermal cell development and abiotic stress responses in plants.
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28
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Zhang T, You J, Zhang Y, Yao W, Chen W, Duan Q, Xiao W, Ye L, Zhou Y, Sang X, Ling Y, He G, Li Y. LF1 regulates the lateral organs polarity development in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1265-1277. [PMID: 33469925 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The patterning of adaxial-abaxial tissues plays a vital role in the morphology of lateral organs, which is maintained by antagonism between the genes that specify adaxial and abaxial tissue identity. The homeo-domain leucine zipper class III (HD-ZIP III) family genes regulate adaxial identity; however, little information is known about the physical interactions or transcriptionally regulated downstream genes of HD-ZIP III. In this study, we identified a dominant rice mutant, lateral floret 1 (lf1), which has defects in lateral organ polarity. LF1 encodes the HD-ZIP III transcription factor, which expressed in the adaxial area of lateral organs. LF1 can activate directly the expression of LITTLE ZIPPER family gene OsZPR4 and HD-ZIP II family gene OsHOX1, and OsZPR4 and OsHOX1 respectively interact with LF1 to form a heterodimer to repress the transcriptional activity of LF1. LF1 influences indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content by directly regulating the expression of OsYUCCA6. Therefore, LF1 forms negative feedback loops between OsZPR4 and OsHOX1 to affect IAA content, leading to the regulation of lateral organs polarity development. These results reveal the cross-talk among HD-ZIP III, LITTLE ZIPPER, and HD-ZIP II proteins and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the polarity development of lateral organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jing You
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wanyue Yao
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qiannan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Li Ye
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xianchun Sang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yinghua Ling
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Yang F, Xiong M, Huang M, Li Z, Wang Z, Zhu H, Chen R, Lu L, Cheng Q, Wang Y, Tang J, Zhuang H, Li Y. Panicle Apical Abortion 3 Controls Panicle Development and Seed Size in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:68. [PMID: 34264425 PMCID: PMC8282854 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rice, panicle apical abortion is a common phenomenon that usually results in a decreased number of branches and grains per panicle, and consequently a reduced grain yield. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of panicle abortion is thus critical for maintaining and increasing rice production. RESULTS We reported a new rice mutant panicle apical abortion 3 (paa3), which exhibited severe abortion of spikelet development on the upper part of the branches as well as decreased grain size over the whole panicle. Using mapping-based clone, the PAA3 was characterized as the LOC_ Os04g56160 gene, encoding an H+-ATPase. The PAA3 was expressed highly in the stem and panicle, and its protein was localized in the plasma membrane. Our data further showed that PAA3 played an important role in maintaining normal panicle development by participating in the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rice. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggested that PAA3 might function to remove ROS, the accumulation of which leads to programmed cell death, and ultimately panicle apical abortion and decreased seed size in the paa3 panicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayu Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mao Xiong
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mingjiang Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhongcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinglan Cheng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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30
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Liu B, Zhang D, Sun M, Li M, Ma X, Jia S, Mao P. PSII Activity Was Inhibited at Flowering Stage with Developing Black Bracts of Oat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105258. [PMID: 34067635 PMCID: PMC8156022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The color of bracts generally turns yellow or black from green during cereal grain development. However, the impact of these phenotypic changes on photosynthetic physiology during black bract formation remains unclear. Two oat cultivars (Avena sativa L.), ‘Triple Crown’ and ‘Qinghai 444’, with yellow and black bracts, respectively, were found to both have green bracts at the heading stage, but started to turn black at the flowering stage and become blackened at the milk stage for ‘Qinghai 444’. Their photosynthetic characteristics were analyzed and compared, and the key genes, proteins and regulatory pathways affecting photosynthetic physiology were determined in ‘Triple Crown’ and ‘Qinghai 444’ bracts. The results show that the actual PSII photochemical efficiency and PSII electron transfer rate of ‘Qinghai 444’ bracts had no significant changes at the heading and milk stages but decreased significantly (p < 0.05) at the flowering stage compared with ‘Triple Crown’. The chlorophyll content decreased, the LHCII involved in the assembly of supercomplexes in the thylakoid membrane was inhibited, and the expression of Lhcb1 and Lhcb5 was downregulated at the flowering stage. During this critical stage, the expression of Bh4 and C4H was upregulated, and the biosynthetic pathway of p-coumaric acid using tyrosine and phenylalanine as precursors was also enhanced. Moreover, the key upregulated genes (CHS, CHI and F3H) of anthocyanin biosynthesis might complement the impaired PSII activity until recovered at the milk stage. These findings provide a new insight into how photosynthesis alters during the process of oat bract color transition to black.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Manli Li
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiqing Ma
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shangang Jia
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peisheng Mao
- Forage Seed Laboratory, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.L.); (D.Z.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (X.M.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6273-3311
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31
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Xu Q, Yu X, Cui Y, Xia S, Zeng D, Qian Q, Ren D. LRG1 maintains sterile lemma identity by regulating OsMADS6 expression in rice. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:1190-1192. [PMID: 33141301 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Xu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuanjiang Cui
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Saisai Xia
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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32
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Li YF, Zeng XQ, Li Y, Wang L, Zhuang H, Wang Y, Tang J, Wang HL, Xiong M, Yang FY, Yuan XZ, He GH. MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET 2, a MYB Transcription Factor, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Floral Organ Identity in Rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:988-1003. [PMID: 32723808 PMCID: PMC7536674 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of flower and panicle development is crucial for improving yield and quality in majority of grass crops. In this study, we used mapping-based cloning to identify MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET2 (MFS2), which encodes a MYB transcription factor and regulates flower and spikelet development in rice (Oryza sativa). In the mfs2 mutant, specification of palea identity was severely disturbed and showed degradation or transformation into a lemma-like organ, and the number of all floral organs was increased to varying degrees. Due to the increase in the number of floral organs and development of extra transformed palea/marginal region of the palea-like organs, some mfs2 spikelets had a tendency to produce two florets. These defects implied that the mfs2 mutation caused abnormal specification of palea identity and partial loss of spikelet determination. We confirm that MFS2 is a transcriptional repressor that shows strong repression activity by means of two typical ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic motifs, one of which locates at the C terminus and is capable of interaction with three rice TOPLESS and TOPLESS-related proteins. The results indicate that MFS2 acts as a repressor that regulates floral organ identities and spikelet meristem determinacy in rice by forming a repression complex with rice TOPLESS and TOPLESS-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yun Li
- Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong-Lei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mao Xiong
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fa-Yu Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Yuan
- Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, China
| | - Guang-Hua He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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