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Nirmalkumar R, Ranjithdev Inbaseelan C, Hemalatha K, Meena S, Karuppasamy P. Insight into the structural properties of methyl orange, hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride dyes doped potassium hydrogen phthalate ammonium sulfate crystals and their antibacterial applications. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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2
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Durgababu G, Nagaraju GJ, Bhagavannarayana G. Effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol dye doping on tristhioureazinc(II) sulfate single crystals: a potential nonlinear optical material. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720006585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Good quality single crystals of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)-doped tristhioureazinc(II) sulfate (ZTS) were successfully grown by employing the simple and cost effective slow-evaporation solution technique. To study the effect of doping on various device properties, the grown single crystals were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), high-resolution XRD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vickers hardness testing, and UV–visible, photoluminescence (PL) and Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. The crystal structure of DNP-doped ZTS bulk single crystals remained the same as the crystal structure of ZTS. However, the changes in intensities of the diffraction peaks in the PXRD spectra indicated the incorporation of dopants into the crystalline matrix. FTIR studies confirm the incorporation of dopants into the crystalline matrix, shown by the shifting of certain prominent absorption bands towards higher energy. This also indicated the induced useful strain due to doping, leading to charge transfer and the enhancement of nonlinear optical properties. The cut-off wavelength and optical band gap energy of pure ZTS and DNP-doped ZTS crystals were studied by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, revealing a slight reduction in the optical band gap energy due to doping, which in turn revealed the enhancement of the optical range. PL studies revealed an enhanced optical range of photoluminescence in ZTS crystals. Second harmonic generation (SGH) studies carried out by the Kurtz powder technique revealed the enhancement of SHG value due to DNP doping. To ensure the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the grown crystals with doping (required from the point of view of device applications), TGA and Vicker's hardness studies were performed.
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3
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Duan C, Yu Y, Li F, Wu Y, Xi H. Ultrafast room-temperature synthesis of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks with high space–time yields. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01676g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a facile and general approach to rapidly synthesize four hierarchically porous MOFs (HKUST-1, ZIF-8, ZIF-61, and ZIF-90) under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxiong Duan
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering
- Foshan University
- Foshan 528231
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Feier Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
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4
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Ren Y, Zhang SJ. Optical quality tetragonal phase single-crystal fiber of potassium di-hydrogen phosphate with efficient second-harmonic generation. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02325h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Hu G, Peng X, Chang J, Xie X, He J, Guo M, Shao J. Mitigation of scattering defect and absorption of DKDP crystals by laser conditioning. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:16273-16280. [PMID: 26193600 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.016273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The variation of scattering and absorption in DKDP crystals by laser conditioning was investigated by combining light scattering technique and on-site transmittance measurement technique. Laser-induced disappearance of scattering defects was observed, and variation of transmittance was achieved. Using Mie theory, a kind of absorbing defects, aside from scattering defect, was discovered. Moreover, the experimental results demonstrated that the absorption of crystal could be mitigated by laser conditioning.
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Mahadevan M, Ramachandran K, Anandan P, Arivanandhan M, Bhagavannarayana G, Hayakawa Y. Crystal growth, structural, thermal and mechanical behavior of l-arginine 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol dihydrate (LAPP) single crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 133:396-402. [PMID: 24967545 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of l-arginine 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol dihydrate (LAPP) have been grown successfully from the solution of l-arginine and 4-nitrophenol. Slow evaporation of solvent technique was adopted to grow the bulk single crystals. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the grown crystal has monoclinic crystal system with space group of P21. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis shows the good crystalline nature. The crystalline perfection of the grown single crystals was analyzed by HRXRD by employing a multicrystal X-ray diffractometer. The functional groups were identified from proton NMR spectroscopic analysis. Linear and nonlinear optical properties were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Kurtz powder technique respectively. It is found that the grown crystal has no absorption in the green wavelength region and the SHG efficiency was found to be 2.66 times that of the standard KDP. The Thermal stability of the crystal was found by obtaining TG/DTA curve. The mechanical behavior of the grown crystal has been studied by Vicker's microhardness method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahadevan
- Department of Physics, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur 603319, India; Department of Physics, SRM University, Vadapalani Campus, Chennai 600026, India
| | - K Ramachandran
- Department of Physics, SRM University, Vadapalani Campus, Chennai 600026, India.
| | - P Anandan
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan; Department of Physics, Thiruvalluvar College of Engineering and Technology, Vandavasi 604505, India
| | - M Arivanandhan
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
| | - G Bhagavannarayana
- Materials Characterization Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Y Hayakawa
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
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7
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Rani R, Thukral K, Krishna A, Sharma G, Vijayan N, Rathi B, Bhagavannarayana G. Synthesis and nucleation studies onL-leucine hydrobromide: a promising nonlinear optical material. J Appl Crystallogr 2014. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576714022663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve good quality bulk size crystal growth, an assessment of the nucleation kinetics of a semi-organic L-leucine hydrobromide (L-LHBr) crystal was carried out using double-distilled water as solvent medium. The effect on metastable zone width (MSZW) with increasing temperature and on induction period with varied supersaturation level was determined experimentally and was found to be very well in accordance with the nucleation theory prospects. Thereafter, various other nucleation parameters, such as Gibbs free energy and interfacial energy, were also determined. The knowledge of these nucleation parameters indicated the requisite temperature domain and the appropriate growth technique, leading to the successful single-crystal growth of L-LHBr by slow cooling in the temperature range 298–291 K. The cooling rate of 0.25 K per day was optimized after repeated trials. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis were performed on grown crystals for the verification of the material. High-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis was used to assess the crystalline perfection of the grown crystals. To further explore the properties of the grown crystals, photoluminescence and time decay studies, etching analysis, andZ-scan measurements were performed.
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8
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Bhatt R, Bhaumik I, Ganesamoorthy S, Karnal A, Gupta P, Swami M, Patel H, Sinha A, Upadhyay A. Study of structural defects and crystalline perfection of near stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals grown from flux and prepared by VTE technique. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Thukral K, Vijayan N, Singh B, Bdikin I, Haranath D, Maurya KK, Philip J, Soumya H, Sreekanth P, Bhagavannarayana G. Growth, structural and mechanical analysis of a single crystal ofl-prolinium tartrate: a promising material for nonlinear optical applications. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Meena K, Muthu K, Meenatchi V, Rajasekar M, Bhagavannarayana G, Meenakshisundaram SP. Growth, crystalline perfection, spectral, thermal and theoretical studies on imidazolium L-tartrate crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 124:663-669. [PMID: 24513714 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Transparent optical quality single crystals of imidazolium L-tartrate (IMLT) were grown by conventional slow evaporation solution growth technique. Crystal structure of the as-grown IMLT was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Thermal analysis reveals the purity of the crystal and the sample is stable up to the melting point. Good transmittance in the visible region is observed and the band gap energy is estimated using diffuse reflectance data by the application of Kubelka-Munk algorithm. The powder X-ray diffraction study reveals the crystallinity of the as-grown crystal and it is compared with that of the experimental one. An additional peak in high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) indicates the presence of an internal structural low angle boundary. Second harmonic generation (SHG) activity of IMLT is significant as estimated by Kurtz and Perry powder technique. HOMO-LUMO energies and first-order molecular hyperpolarizability of IMLT have been evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) employing B3LYP functional and 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The optimized geometry closely resembles the ORTEP. The vibrational patterns present in the molecule are confirmed by FT-IR coinciding with theoretical patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Meena
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, India
| | - K Muthu
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, India
| | - V Meenatchi
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, India
| | - M Rajasekar
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, India
| | - G Bhagavannarayana
- Materials Characterization Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110 012, India
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11
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Hasmuddin M, Singh P, Shkir M, Abdullah MM, Vijayan N, Bhagavannarayana G, Wahab MA. Structural, spectroscopic, optical, dielectric and mechanical study of pure and l-Proline doped ammonium dihydrogen phosphate single crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 123:376-384. [PMID: 24412791 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of pure and l-Proline (LP) C5H9NO2 doped ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) (NH4) H2PO4 were grown by slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) at ambient conditions. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis was carried out to confirm the crystal structure and no additional phase was observed due to doping except a systematic variation in peak intensities. FT-Raman analysis also confirms that there is no additional phase formation due to doping. Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis was done to examine the presence of various functional groups in the grown crystals. UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopic analysis was carried out to see the change in optical transparency of pure ADP and crystals due to LP with different doping concentrations. The high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) analysis was carried out to examine the crystalline perfection and observed reasonable changes with LP doping. Second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency measurement was done to examine the enhancement in the nonlinear optical characteristics of the grown crystals. The dielectric behavior of the samples shows that the dielectric constant decreased with increase the value of frequency. The effect of LP dopant on crystal morphology, mechanical properties of ADP has also been presented in this paper. The above studies reveal the effect of incorporation of LP into the lattice of ADP crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hasmuddin
- Crystal Growth Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Preeti Singh
- Crystal Growth Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Mohd Shkir
- Crystal Growth Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India; Department of Physics, School of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box. 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Abdullah
- Crystal Growth Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India; Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Vijayan
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - G Bhagavannarayana
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - M A Wahab
- Crystal Growth Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India.
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12
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Thilagavathy SR, Rajesh P, Ramasamy P, Ambujam K. A study on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal, mechanical, NLO and laser damage properties on unidirectional Glycinium Picrate Mono Glycine crystal. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 115:747-752. [PMID: 23892115 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
By directional solidification, single crystal of Glycinium Picrate Mono Glycine (GPMG) was successfully grown by Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy (SR) method. An optically transparent crystal of GPMG has been grown along 〈011〉 plane by a mixed solvent of acetone and double distilled water. The evaporation rate was controlled and a single crystal of 12mm diameter and 35mm length was obtained. Single crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal, mechanical, SHG and laser damage studies were carried out. The results are discussed in detail.
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Riscob B, Bhaumik I, Ganesamoorthy S, Bhatt R, Vijayan N, Karnal AK, Wahab MA, Bhagavannarayana G. Effect of Mg doping on the growth aspects, crystalline perfection, and optical and thermal properties of congruent LiNbO3single crystals. J Appl Crystallogr 2013. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889813025065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mg-doped congruent lithium niobate single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique. High-quality single crystals were grown using a novel seeding technique in a resistive heating furnace. Analysis of crystalline perfection carried out by a multi-crystal X-ray diffractometer revealed that the grown crystals do not contain any structural grain boundaries but do contain point defects. The transmission characteristics showed an enhancement of band gap with an increase in Mg concentration. Conoscopy patterns revealed that the grown crystals are homogeneous and the incorporation of Mg into the lattice does not affect the optical sign (negative uniaxial) of the crystal. The refractive index measurements carried out using a prism coupler showed an increase in the optical birefringence (Δn), while the refractive index was found to decrease with the increase in doping concentration. Further, thermal conductivity was found to decrease with Mg incorporation in the lattice owing to phonon scattering from the Mg ions and, as a consequence, at high concentrations (>4 mol%) crack formation occurred. However, optimization of growth conditions reveals that a slower pulling rate leads to crack-free lithium niobate crystals even at 6 mol% Mg doping.
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14
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Krishnan P, Gayathri K, Bhagavannarayana G, Jayaramakrishnan V, Gunasekaran S, Anbalagan G. Growth, spectral, thermal, dielectric, mechanical, linear and nonlinear optical, birefringence, laser damage threshold studies of semi-organic crystal: dibrucinium sulfate heptahydrate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 112:152-160. [PMID: 23666350 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dibrucinium sulfate heptahydrate (DBSH), a semi-organic nonlinear optical material, has been synthesized and single crystals were grown from water-ethanol solution at room temperature up to dimensions of 10×7×2 mm(3). The unit cell parameters were determined from single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction studies. The structural perfection of the grown crystal has been analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) study. FTIR and Raman studies were performed to identify the functional groups present in the title compound. The activation energy (E), entropy (ΔS), enthalpy (ΔH) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG), of the thermal decomposition reaction have been derived from thermo gravimetric (TGA) and differential thermal (DTA) analysis curves, using Coats-Redfern method. The variation of dielectric properties of the grown crystal with respect to frequency has been investigated at different temperatures. Microhardness measurements revealed the mechanical strength of grown crystal. The optical parameters, the optical band gap E(g) and width of localized states Eu were determined using the transmittance data in the spectral range 200-800 nm. The relative second harmonic efficiency of the compound is found to be 1.4 times greater than that of KDP. Birefringence and Laser damage threshold studies were carried out for the grown crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Krishnan
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
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15
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Riscob B, Bhatt R, Vijayan N, Bhaumik I, Ganesamoorthy S, Wahab MA, Rashmi, Bhagavannarayana G. Structural, optical and thermal properties of Zr–Fe co-doped congruent LiNbO3single crystals. J Appl Crystallogr 2013. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889813005797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Zr–Fe-doped congruent lithium niobate single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique. The crystal structure and lattice parameter of the grown crystals were assessed by powder X-ray diffraction and the strain developed as a result of doping has been calculated (−1.19 × 10−3) by using the Williamson–Hall relation. The incorporated dopant concentration along with the dopant distribution in the specimen crystal was estimated by X-ray florescence spectrometry. A multi-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out to identify the crystalline perfection of the sample and revealed that the investigated crystal does not contain any structural grain boundaries but does contain point defects and micrometre size mosaic blocks. Birefringence measurements were carried out using a prism coupler spectrometer and found that the optical birefringence is 0.0822 for 532 nm and 0.705 for 1064 nm. A thermal conductivity (κ) study reveals that the doped sample has a lower κ value than the undoped equivalent.
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16
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Krishnan P, Gayathri K, Bhagavannarayana G, Gunasekaran S, Anbalagan G. Growth, nonlinear optical, thermal, dielectric and laser damage threshold studies of semiorganic crystal: monohydrate piperazine hydrogen phosphate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 102:379-385. [PMID: 23220681 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Monohydrate piperazine hydrogen phosphate (MPHP), a semi organic nonlinear optical material has been synthesized and single crystals were grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study on grown crystal reveals that they belong to monoclinic crystal system with space group P2(1)/c; (a=6.39Å; b=12.22Å; c=11.16Å; β=97.14°; V=864Å(3)). The structural perfection of the grown crystal was analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) rocking curve measurements. FTIR spectrum confirms the presence of the functional groups in synthesized material. UV-Vis spectrum indicates that the crystal is transparent in the entire visible region with a lower cut off wavelength of 387 nm. The variation of dielectric properties of the grown crystal with respect to frequency has been investigated at different temperatures. Thermal analysis carried out on the MPHP crystal shows that the crystal is stable up to 135°C. Relative powder second harmonic generation efficiency tested by Kurtz-Perry powder technique, which was about 0.638 times that of Potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Krishnan
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
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17
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Pandi P, Peramaiyan G, Sudhahar S, Chakkaravarthi G, Mohan Kumar R, Bhagavannarayana G, Jayavel R. Studies on synthesis, growth, structural, thermal, linear and nonlinear optical properties of organic picolinium maleate single crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 98:7-13. [PMID: 22982381 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Picolinium maleate (PM), an organic material has been synthesised and single crystals were grown by slow evaporation technique. The structure of the grown crystal was elucidated by using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. PM crystal belongs to the monoclinic crystallographic system with space group P2(1)/c. The crystalline perfection of the grown crystals was analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction rocking curve measurements. The presence of functional groups in PM was identified by FTIR and FT-NMR spectral analyses. Thermal behaviour and stability of picolinium maleate were studied by TGA/DTA analyses. UV-Vis spectral studies reveal that PM crystals are transparent in the wavelength region 327-1100 nm. The laser damage threshold value of PM crystal was found to be 4.3 GW/cm(2) using Nd:YAG laser. The Kurtz and Perry powder second harmonic generation technique confirms the nonlinear optical property of the grown crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pandi
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600005, India
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18
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Rajasekar M, Muthu K, Bhagavannarayana G, Meenakshisundaram SP. Synthesis, structure, growth and characterization of an organic crystal: 1,5-diphenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one. J Appl Crystallogr 2012. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889812030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Diphenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one (DDO) chalcone single crystals, synthesized by a base-catalysed aldol condensation reaction between cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone, have been grown by the slow evaporation of an ethanol solution. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system with centrosymmetric space groupPbca. The DDO crystals are transparent in the visible region and have a lower optical cut-off at ∼445 nm with a band-gap energy of 2.87 eV. Thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry thermal analysis shows that the crystal is stable up to 375 K and it has a good chemical stability. The vibrational patterns of the chalcone have been investigated by Fourier transform IR and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. Microhardness studies were also carried out to elucidate the mechanical behaviour. Theoretical calculations were performed using the Hartree–Fock method with 6-31G(d,p) as the basis set, and the first-order hyperpolarizability is 7.077 × 10−30electrostatic units, which is >25 times that of urea. The crystalline perfection evaluated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis reveals multiple peaks. The molecular packing leads to a centrosymmetric arrangement, resulting in zero second harmonic generation [χ(2)= 0] efficiency. Interestingly, the bromo- and chloro-substituted chalcones are good nonlinear optical materials.
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Rajasekar M, Muthu K, Meenatchi V, Bhagavannarayana G, Mahadevan CK, Meenakshisundaram SP. Growth, crystalline perfection and characterization of benzophenone oxime crystal. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 92:207-211. [PMID: 22446769 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of benzophenone oxime (BPO) have been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique from ethanol at room temperature. The single crystal X-ray diffraction study reveals that the crystal belongs to monoclinic system and cell parameters are, a=9.459 Å, b=8.383 Å, c=26.690 Å, v=2115 Å(3) and β=92.807°. The structure and the crystallinity of the materials were further confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The various functional groups present in the molecule are confirmed by FT-IR analysis. The TG/DSC studies reveal the purity of the material and the crystals are transparent in the entire visible region having a lower optical cut-off at ~300 nm. The crystalline perfection was evaluated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD). The crystal is further characterized by Kurtz powder technique, dielectric studies and microhardness analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rajasekar
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
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Hanumantharao R, Kalainathan S, Bhagavannarayana G. Growth, spectral, optical, thermal, crystallization perfection and nonlinear optical studies of novel nonlinear optical crystal--urea thiosemicarbazone monohydrate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 91:345-351. [PMID: 22391224 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of organic nonlinear material urea thiosemicarbazone monohydrate (UTM) have been grown by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that sample crystallized in triclinic system with noncentrosymmetric space group P1. Powder XRD pattern confirmed that grown crystal posses highly crystalline nature. FTIR spectrum was recorded to identify the presence of functional groups and molecular structure was confirmed by (1)H NMR spectrum. Material confirmation of title compound has been performed by using mass spectroscopic analysis. Elemental composition of grown crystal was confirmed by energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). To study the crystalline perfection of the grown crystals, high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) study was carried out. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses were employed to understand the thermal and physio-chemical stability of the synthesized compound. UV-Vis-NIR spectrum revealed the transmission properties of the crystal specimen. Relative SHG efficiency is measured by Kurtz and Perry method and found to about 0.89 times that of standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals.
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Ramasamy G, Bhagavannarayana G, Meenakshisundaram S. The concentration effects of s-, p-, d- and f-block element doping on the growth, crystalline perfection and properties of KDP crystals. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce06741b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kushwaha SK, Maurya KK, Vijayan N, Kumar B, Bhatt R, Ganesamoorthy S, Bhagavannarayana G. Crystalline perfection, Raman, UV-VIS-NIR and prism coupler investigations on Cz-grown pure and Zn-doped LiNbO3 single crystals. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce06710b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Senthil Kumar K, Moorthy Babu S, Bhagavannarayana G. Study of the influence of dopants on the crystalline perfection of ferroelectric glycine phosphite single crystals using high-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis. J Appl Crystallogr 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889811005140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Good quality and optically transparent single crystals of pure and doped glycine phosphite (GPI) were grown by both solvent-evaporation and temperature-cooling techniques. Dopants were chosen in different categories, namely transition metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg, Cd), rare-earth metals (Ce, Nd, La), dyes (rhodamine B, malachite green, fluorescein) and an amino acid (L-proline). The concentration of dopants was chosen depending on the category of dopants and the quality of crystallization during the growth process. The crystalline perfection of the as-grown pure and doped GPI crystals was investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction at room temperature. A multicrystal X-ray diffractometer employing a well collimated and highly monochromated Mo Kα1beam and set in the (+, −, −, +) configuration was employed. Most of the crystal specimens show excellent crystalline perfection. However, grain boundaries, low-angle tilt boundaries, and vacancy and interstitial point defects were observed in some crystal specimens.
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Kushwaha SK, Maurya KK, Vijayan N, Bhagavannarayana G. Crystalline perfection, EPR, prism coupler and UV-VIS-NIR studies on Cz-grown Fe-doped LiNbO3: A photorefractive nonlinear optical crystal. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Riscob B, Shakir M, Sundar JK, Natarajan S, Wahab MA, Bhagavannarayana G. Synthesis, growth, crystal structure and characterization of a new organic material: glycine glutaric acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:543-548. [PMID: 21163691 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Glycine glutaric acid, a new organic compound has been synthesized and good quality single crystals were grown by slow evaporation technique. The structure of the grown crystal was elucidated by using single crystal XRD. The presence of the functional groups was confirmed by using FT-IR spectroscopy. The optical transparency was studied by using UV-vis spectrophotometer and it was found that the crystal is having high optical transparency. The thermal stability of the crystal was studied by using thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analyses and found that it is stable up to 150°C. The room temperature dielectric studies were also carried out over the wide frequency range: 10 mHz to 10 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Riscob
- National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012, India
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