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Fitch A, Dejoie C, Covacci E, Confalonieri G, Grendal O, Claustre L, Guillou P, Kieffer J, de Nolf W, Petitdemange S, Ruat M, Watier Y. ID22 - the high-resolution powder-diffraction beamline at ESRF. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:1003-1012. [PMID: 37462688 PMCID: PMC10481261 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523004915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Following Phase 2 of the upgrade of the ESRF in which the storage ring was replaced by a new low-emittance ring along with many other facility upgrades, the status of ID22, the high-resolution powder-diffraction beamline, is described. The beamline has an in-vacuum undulator as source providing X-rays in the range 6-75 keV. ID22's principle characteristics include very high angular resolution as a result of the highly collimated and monochromatic beam, coupled with a 13-channel Si 111 multi-analyser stage between the sample and a Dectris Eiger2 X 2M-W CdTe pixel detector. The detector's axial resolution allows recorded 2θ values to be automatically corrected for the effects of axial divergence, resulting in narrower and more-symmetric peaks compared with the previous fixed-axial-slit arrangement. The axial acceptance can also be increased with increasing diffraction angle, thus simultaneously improving the statistical quality of high-angle data. A complementary Perkin Elmer XRD1611 medical-imaging detector is available for faster, lower-resolution data, often used at photon energies of 60-70 keV for pair-distribution function analysis, although this is also possible in high-resolution mode by scanning up to 120° 2θ at 35 keV. There are various sample environments, allowing sample temperatures from 4 K to 1600°C, a capillary cell for non-corrosive gas atmospheres in the range 0-100 bar, and a sample-changing robot that can accommodate 75 capillary samples compatible with the temperature range 80 K to 950°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fitch
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Catherine Dejoie
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ezio Covacci
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Ola Grendal
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurent Claustre
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Perceval Guillou
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jérôme Kieffer
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Wout de Nolf
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Marie Ruat
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Yves Watier
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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2
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Nowik K, Zybała R, Oksiuta Z. Formation and Microstructural Evolution of Ferritic ODS Steel Powders during Mechanical Alloying. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16020765. [PMID: 36676503 PMCID: PMC9861015 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ferritic ODS steel elemental powder compositions with various Zr content (0.3-1.0 wt.%), ground in a Pulverisette 6 planetary ball mill, were extensively studied by X-ray diffraction line profile analysis, microscopic observations, microhardness testing and particle size measurements. A characteristic three-stage process of flattening the soft powders, formation of convoluted lamellae and, finally, formation of nanocrystalline grains was observed. In order to quantify the microstructural properties, expressed mainly in terms of crystallite size and dislocation density, a methodology for detailed and accurate microstructure analysis of nanosized and severely deformed materials was proposed by the Whole Powder Pattern Modelling (WPPM) approach. In the case of the proposed ODS alloy composition, the overlapping of Fe and Cr Bragg reflections makes the microstructure analysis certainly more complicated. The results showed that the microstructure of powders evolved towards the nanocrystalline state consisting of fine (diameter of ~15 nm) and narrowly dispersed domains, with extensive dislocation density exceeding 1016 m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Nowik
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
| | - Rafał Zybała
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Oksiuta
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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3
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Mazzeo PP, Lampronti GI, Michalchuk AAL, Belenguer AM, Bacchi A, Emmerling F. Accurate extrinsic and intrinsic peak broadening modelling for time-resolved in situ ball milling reactions via synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Faraday Discuss 2023; 241:289-305. [PMID: 36173263 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The debate on the mechanisms which underpin mechanochemical reactions via ball mill grinding is still open. Our ability to accurately measure the microstructural (crystal size and microstrain) evolution of materials under milling conditions as well as their phase composition as a function of time is key to the in-depth understanding of the kinetics and driving forces of mechanochemical transformations. Furthermore, all ball milling reactions end with a steady state or milling equilibrium - represented by a specific phase composition and relative microstructure - that does not change as long as the milling conditions are maintained. The use of a standard sample is essential to determine the instrumental contribution to the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) peak broadening for time-resolved in situ (TRIS) monitoring of mechanochemical reactions under in operando conditions. Using TRIS-XRPD on a ball milling setup, coupled with low-energy synchrotron radiation, we investigated different data acquisition and analysis strategies on a silicon standard powder. The diffraction geometry and the microstructural evolution of the standard itself have been studied to model the instrumental contribution to XRPD peak broadening throughout the grinding activity. Previously proposed functions are here challenged and further developed. Importantly, we show that minor drifts of the jar position do not affect the instrumental resolution function significantly. We here report and discuss the results of such investigations and their application to TRIS-XRPD datasets of inorganic and organic ball mill grinding reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo P Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy. .,Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Giulio I Lampronti
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Adam A L Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana M Belenguer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alessia Bacchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy. .,Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Trejgis K, Ledwa K, Maciejewska K, Li L, Marciniak L. Modulation of thermometric performance of single-band-ratiometric luminescent thermometers based on luminescence of Nd 3+ activated tetrafluorides by size modification. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5847. [PMID: 35393493 PMCID: PMC8989989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to a number of its advantages, luminescence thermometry has been a strongly developed strand of temperature metrology over a period of time. Although there are several different types of luminescent thermometers, recently attention has been focused on a new single-band ratiometric approach, which is based on the excited state absorption phenomenon. Nevertheless, since this process is nontrivial and has not been studied extensively in the context of thermometry to date, a number of studies are necessary to enable the intentional development of highly sensitive thermometers based on this method. One of the important aspects is to investigate the influence of material size and the associated occurrence of surface effects, which is considered in this work. In addition, the research in this paper has been extended to explore the aspect of host material composition. Accordingly, nanocrystals and microcrystals of β-NaYF4:2%Nd3+, β-NaGdF4:2%Nd3+, and LiGdF4:2%Nd3+ were investigated in this work. The influence of surface effects on thermometric parameters was proved, with special emphasis on the useful temperature range. Thus, by increasing the particle size, it was possible to intentionally extend the useful range by even more than 100 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trejgis
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - K Ledwa
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Maciejewska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - L Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - L Marciniak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Ruíz-Baltazar ÁDJ. Sonochemical activation-assisted biosynthesis of Au/Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles and sonocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 73:105521. [PMID: 33774587 PMCID: PMC8027903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a sonochemical activation-assisted biosynthesis of Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles is proposed. The proposed synthesis methodology incorporates the use of Piper auritum (an endemic plant) as reducing agent and in a complementary way, an ultrasonication process to promote the synthesis of the plasmonic/magnetic nanoparticles (Au/Fe3O4). The synergic effect of the green and sonochemical synthesis favors the well-dispersion of precursor salts and the subsequent growth of the Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The hybrid green/sonochemical process generates an economical, ecological and simplified alternative to synthesizing Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles whit enhanced catalytic activity, pronounced magnetic properties. The morphological, chemical and structural characterization was carried out by high- resolution Scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy confirm the Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtention. The magnetic properties were evaluated by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Superparamagnetic behavior, of the Au/ Fe3O4 nanoparticles was observed (Ms = 51 emu/g and Hc = 30 Oe at 300 K). Finally, the catalytic activity was evaluated by sonocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO). In this stage, it was possible to achieve a removal percentage of 91.2% at 15 min of the sonocatalytic process (160 W/42 kHz). The initial concentration of the MO was 20 mg L-1, and the Fe3O4-Au dosage was 0.075 gL-1. The MO degradation process was described mathematically by four kinetic adsorption models: Pseudo-first order model, Pseudo-second order model, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro de Jesús Ruíz-Baltazar
- CONACYT-Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro 76230, Mexico.
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6
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Bertolotti F, Carmona FJ, Dal Sasso G, Ramírez-Rodríguez GB, Delgado-López JM, Pedersen JS, Ferri F, Masciocchi N, Guagliardi A. On the amorphous layer in bone mineral and biomimetic apatite: A combined small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis. Acta Biomater 2021; 120:167-180. [PMID: 32438109 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of an amorphous calcium phosphate layer covering the crystalline apatite core has been suggested to be an intrinsic feature of both bone mineral and synthetic biomimetic analogs. However, an exahustive quantitative picture of the amorphous-crystalline relationship in these materials is still missing. Here, we present a multiple scale modelling that combines small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and synchrotron wide-angle X-ray total scattering (WAXTS) analyses to investigate the amorphous-crystalline spatial interplay in bone sample and biomimetic carbonated nano-apatites. SAXS analysis indicates the presence of a single morphology consisting of tiny nanoplates (NPLs) and provides a measure of their thickness (falling in the 3-5 nm range). WAXTS analysis was performed by developing atomistic models of apatite NPLs incorporating lattice strain, mostly attributed to the carbonate content, and calculating the X-ray patterns using the Debye Scattering Equation. Upon model optimization, the size and strain parameters of the crystalline platelets were derived and the amorphous component, co-existing with the crystalline one, separated and quantified (in the 23-33 wt% range). Notably, the thickness of the apatite core was found to exhibit nearly null (bone) or minor (< 0.5 nm, biomimetic samples) deviations from that of the entire NPLs, suggesting that the amorphous material remains predominantly distributed along the lateral sides of the NPLs, in a core-crown-like arrangement. The lattice strain analysis indicates a significant stiffness along the c axis, which is comparable in bone and synthetic samples, and larger deformations in the other directions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Current models of bone mineral and biomimetic nanoapatites suggest the occurrence of an amorphous layer covering the apatitic crystalline nanoplates in a core-shell arrangement. By combining X-ray scattering techniques in the small and wide angle regions, we propose a joint atomic-to-nanometre scale modelling to investigate the amorphous-crystalline interplay within the nanoplates. Estimates are extracted for the thickness of the entire nanoplates and the crystalline core, together with the quantification of the amorphous fraction and apatite lattice strain. Based on the thickness matching, the location of the amorphous material mostly along the edges of the nanoplates is inferred, with a vanishing or very thin layer in the thickness direction, suggesting a core-crown-like arrangement, with possible implications on the mineral surface reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bertolotti
- Department of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Francisco J Carmona
- Department of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Gregorio Dal Sasso
- Institute of Crystallography and To.Sca.Lab, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Gloria B Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Department of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Delgado-López
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fabio Ferri
- Department of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Department of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Guagliardi
- Institute of Crystallography and To.Sca.Lab, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy.
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7
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Magalhães S, Cabaço JS, Mateus R, Faye DN, Pereira DR, Peres M, Lorenz K, Díaz-Guerra C, Araújo JP, Alves E. Crystal mosaicity determined by a novel layer deconvolution Williamson–Hall method. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An improvement to the classical Williamson–Hall method is developed to study several samples of AlGaN and α-MoO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Magalhães
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - J. S. Cabaço
- IFIMUP/IN, Instituto de Física dos Materiais da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Nanociência e Nanotecnologia
- 687 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - R. Mateus
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - D. Nd. Faye
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - D. R. Pereira
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - M. Peres
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - K. Lorenz
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
| | - C. Díaz-Guerra
- Departamento de Física de Materiales
- Facultad de Ciencias Físicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - J. P. Araújo
- IFIMUP/IN, Instituto de Física dos Materiais da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Nanociência e Nanotecnologia
- 687 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - E. Alves
- IPFN, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
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8
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Ruíz-Baltazar ÁDJ. Green synthesis assisted by sonochemical activation of Fe3O4-Ag nano-alloys: Structural characterization and studies of sorption of cationic dyes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Magnetic Nanoparticles of Fe3O4 Biosynthesized by Cnicus benedictus Extract: Photocatalytic Study of Organic Dye Degradation and Antibacterial Behavior. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8080946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the use of sustainable chemistry as an ecological alternative for the generation of products or processes that are free of a polluting substance has assumed a preponderant role. The aim of this work is to propose a bioinspired, facile, low cost, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly alternative to obtaining magnetic nanoparticles with a majority phase of magnetite (Fe3O4). It is important to emphasize that the synthesis was based on the chemical reduction through the Cnicus benedictus extract, whose use as reducing agent has not been reported in the synthesis of iron oxides nanoparticles. In addition, the Cnicus benedictus is an abundant endemic plant in Mexico with several medicinal properties and a large number of natural antioxidants. The obtained nanoparticles exhibited significant magnetic and antibacterial properties and an enhanced photocatalytic activity. The crystallite size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NP’s) was calculated by the Williamson-Hall method. The photocatalytic properties of the Fe3O4 NP’s were studied by kinetics absorptions models in the Congo red (CR) degradation. Finally, the antibacterial effects of the Fe3O4 NPs were evaluated mediated the Kirby–Bauer method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This route offers a green alternative to obtain Fe3O4 NPs with remarkable magnetic, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties.
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10
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Nanoparticle size distribution from inversion of wide angle X-ray total scattering data. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12759. [PMID: 32728179 PMCID: PMC7391761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasingly important issue in nanoscience and nanotechnology is the accurate determination of nanoparticle sizing. Wide angle X-ray total scattering (WAXTS) data are frequently used to retrieve the Particle Size Distributions (PSDs) of nanocrystals of highly technological relevance; however, the PSD shape typically relies on an a-priori assumption. Here, we propose a modified version of the classical iterative Lucy-Richardson (LR) algorithm, which is simple, fast and highly reliable against noise, and demonstrate that the inversion of WAXTS data can be profitably used for recovering accurate PSD regardless of its shape. Computer simulations based on the use of the Debye Scattering Equation (DSE) modelling WAXTS data show that the algorithm is capable of recovering accurate PSDs even when the sample is made of a mixture of different polymorphs and/or exhibits microstrain effects. When applied to the inversion of WAXTS data taken on real samples, the method requires accurate modelling of the nanoparticle crystal structure, which includes structural defects, microstrain and surface induced distortions. Provided that this information is correctly fed to the program, the inversion algorithm reconstructs the WAXTS data with high accuracy and recovers highly robust (against noise) PSDs. Two examples reporting the characterization of Magnetite-Maghemite and commercial P25-Titania nanopowders, are discussed. We demonstrate that pre-assumption of wrong PSD shape leads to inaccurate number-based average sizes in highly polydisperse samples.
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11
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Structure and Surface Morphology Effect on the Cytotoxicity of [Al2O3/ZnO]n/316L SS Nanolaminates Growth by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10070620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, different biomedical applications of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO) have been studied, and they have displayed good biocompatible behavior. For this reason, this study explores nanolaminates of [Al2O3/ZnO]n obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on silicon (100) and 316L stainless steel substrates with different bilayer periods: n = 1, 2, 5, and 10. The intention is to correlate the structure, chemical bonds, morphology, and electrochemical properties of ZnO and Al2O3 single layers and [Al2O3/ZnO]n nanolaminates with their cytotoxic and biocompatibility behavior, to establish their viability for biomedical applications in implants based on the 316L SS substrate. These nanolaminates have been characterized by grazing incident X-ray diffraction (XRD), finding diffraction planes for wurtzite type structure from zincite. The chemical bonding and composition for both single layers were identified through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology and roughness were tested with atomic force microscopy (AFM), which showed a reduction in roughness and grain size with a bilayer period increase. The thickness of the samples was measured with scanning electron microscopy, and the results confirmed the value of ~210 nm for the nanolaminate samples. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) evidenced an evolution of [Al2O3/ZnO]n/316L system corrosion resistance of around 95% in relation with the uncoated steel substrate as function of the increase in the bilayers number. To identify the biocompatibility behavior of these nanolaminate systems, the lactate dehydrogenase test was performed with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for a short system of life cell evaluation. This test shows the cytotoxicity of the multilayer compared to the single layers of Al2O3, ZnO, and 316L stainless steel. The lowest cytotoxicity was found in the single layers of ZnO, which leads to cell proliferation easier than Al2O3, obtaining better adhesion and anchoring to its surface.
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12
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Trejgis K, Bednarkiewicz A, Marciniak L. Engineering excited state absorption based nanothermometry for temperature sensing and imaging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4667-4675. [PMID: 32048674 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09740f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Current luminescence nanothermometry exploits either temperature dependent quenching, temperature dependent energy transfer or thermal equilibrium between two metastable emitting levels, which are quantified to convert spectral features into absolute temperature. Although widely used and feasible, these methods are not always reliable enough in terms of flexibility, optimum temperature operating range and often require relatively complicated and expensive detection instrumentation, which may hinder wider adoption of luminescence based nanothermometry in technology and biomedical sciences. Therefore, not only more sensitive, brighter and robust phosphors are sought, but also novel temperature sensing schemes, which may potentially simplify remote quantification and imaging of temperature. In this work, we demonstrate the concept of contactless temperature readout and 2D temperature mapping by using excited state absorption (ESA) process instead of conventional approach based on ground state absorption (GSA) combined with multi-colour emission. The analysis of the excitation spectra of LiLaP4O12:Eu3+ nanocrystalline powders in a wide temperature range confirmed that the probability of populating higher levels of the ground 7FJ multiplet increases at increased temperatures. The Single Band Ratiometric Luminescent Thermometry (SBR-LT) opens new possibilities and offers luminescent thermometry at single emission band (5D0 → 7F1) under different excitation lines (7F2,3,4 → 5D0). In consequence, technically simple, temperature range adjustable, fast and affordable optical temperature imaging can be performed with high sensitivity reaching over 2.17% per °C in an unprecedentedly wide temperature range from -150 to 400 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trejgis
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - A Bednarkiewicz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - L Marciniak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland.
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13
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Improving the electromagnetic shielding of fabricated NdFeB particles by a coating thin carbonaceous layer. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.137015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nanosized catalysts of oxygen reduction reaction prepared on the base of bimetallic cluster compounds. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Scardi P, Azanza Ricardo CL, Perez-Demydenko C, Coelho AA. Whole powder pattern modelling macros for TOPAS. J Appl Crystallogr 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s160057671801289x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Macros implementing the main concepts of the whole powder pattern modelling approach have been written for TOPAS. Size and strain broadening components of the diffraction line profiles can be convolved with the instrumental profile already available among the standard commands of TOPAS. Specific macros are presented with examples of applications including plastically deformed powders and atomistic simulations. A macro is presented for the modelling of surface relaxation effects in spherical nanocrystals.
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