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Shun K, Mori K, Kidawara T, Ichikawa S, Yamashita H. Heteroatom doping enables hydrogen spillover via H +/e - diffusion pathways on a non-reducible metal oxide. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6403. [PMID: 39085195 PMCID: PMC11291974 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen spillover, the simultaneous diffusion of protons (H+) and electrons (e-) is considered to be applicable to ubiquitous technologies related to hydrogen but limited to over reducible metal oxides. The present work demonstrates that a non-reducible MgO with heteroatom Al dopants (Al-MgO) allows hydrogen spillover in the same way as reducible metal oxides. Furthermore, a H+ storage capacity of this material owing to hydrogen spillover is more than three times greater than those of various standard metal oxides based on H+ transport channels within its bulk region. Atomic hydrogen diffuses over the non-reducible Al-MgO produces active H+-e- pairs, as also occurs on reducible metal oxides, to enhance the catalytic performance of Ni during CO2 hydrogenation. The H+ and e- diffusion pathways generated by the heteroatom Al doping are disentangled based on systematic characterizations and calculations. This work provides a new strategy for designing functional materials intended to hydrogen spillover for diverse applications in a future hydrogen-based society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Shun
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Mori
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takumi Kidawara
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichikawa
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamashita
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Nakashima S, Kimura K, Happo N, Ang AKR, Yamamoto Y, Sekhar H, Osaka AI, Hayashi K, Fujisawa H. Intermediate multidomain state in single-crystalline Mn-doped BiFeO 3 thin films during ferroelectric polarization switching. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14358. [PMID: 38906976 PMCID: PMC11192801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65215-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A intermediate multidomain state and large crystallographic tilting of 1.78° for the (hh0)pc planes of a (001)pc-oriented single-domain Mn-doped BiFeO3 (BFMO) thin film were found when an electric field was applied along the [110]pc direction. The anomalous crystallographic tilting was caused by ferroelastic domain switching of the 109° domain switching. In addition, ferroelastic domain switching occurred via an intermediate multidomain state. To investigate these switching dynamics under an electric field, we used in situ fluorescent X-ray induced Kossel line pattern measurements with synchrotron radiation. In addition, in situ inverse X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH) experiments revealed that atomic displacement occurred under an applied electric field. We attributed the atomic displacement to crystallographic tilting induced by a converse piezoelectric effect. Our findings provide important insights for the design of piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Nakashima
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2201, Japan.
| | - Koji Kimura
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Super Photon Ring-8GeV (SPring-8), Sayo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Naohisa Happo
- Department of Computer and Network Engineering, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, Asa-Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 731-3194, Japan
| | | | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Halubai Sekhar
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Super Photon Ring-8GeV (SPring-8), Sayo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ai I Osaka
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2201, Japan
| | - Koichi Hayashi
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Super Photon Ring-8GeV (SPring-8), Sayo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hironori Fujisawa
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2201, Japan
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3
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Hirose Carlsen MM, Saito Y. Phase diagram of SiO 2 crystallization upon rice husk combustion to control silica ash quality. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 182:55-62. [PMID: 38636126 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Rice husk (RH), which is an abundant agricultural waste, consists of ca. 20 % silica (SiO2·nH2O). Upon RH combustion, a large amount of silica ash is generated. RH silica is originally amorphous; however, the ash is crystalized depending on the conditions of the combustion. Crystallization of RH occurs at a much lower temperature than that of pure SiO2 due to the eutectic effects of minerals, such as Na and K, that are initially present in RH. Controlling for anti-crystallization is required for expanding the possibility of using RH ash that is abundantly generated by combustion. Here, RH is combusted, followed by a highly thermocontrolled investigation, and the time and temperature dependency of RH ash crystallization are studied. Crystallization is avoidable when the ash is rapidly cooled; for instance, 20 °C/min cooling can avoid crystallization even if the combustion temperature reaches 950 °C. Various pathway patterns for achieving temperature and cooling ratio are plotted on a uniform diagram of temperature vs. time. Furthermore, a border zone, indicating the regions in which RH ash becomes amorphous and crystals, is successfully drawn into the diagram by using the data maintained at a constant temperature. A comparison with a few different types of RH showed that the border zone on the diagram can move depending on their ratios of inorganic elements, causing a eutectic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Mari Hirose Carlsen
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yukie Saito
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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4
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Lee J, Zhao T, Yang S, Muduli M, Murray CB, Kagan CR. One-pot heat-up synthesis of short-wavelength infrared, colloidal InAs quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:071103. [PMID: 38380752 DOI: 10.1063/5.0187162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
III-V colloidal quantum dots (QDs) promise Pb and Hg-free QD compositions with which to build short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) optoelectronic devices. However, their synthesis is limited by the availability of group-V precursors with controllable reactivities to prepare monodisperse, SWIR-absorbing III-V QDs. Here, we report a one-pot heat-up method to synthesize ∼8 nm edge length (∼6.5 nm in height) tetrahedral, SWIR-absorbing InAs QDs by increasing the [In3+]:[As3+] ratio introduced using commercially available InCl3 and AsCl3 precursors and by decreasing the concentration and optimizing the volume of the reducing reagent superhydride to control the concentration of In(0) and As(0) intermediates through QD nucleation and growth. InAs QDs are treated with NOBF4, and their deposited films are exchanged with Na2S to yield n-type InAs QD films. We realize the only colloidal InAs QD photoconductors with responsivity at the technologically important wavelength of 1.55 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - T Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - S Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Muduli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - C B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - C R Kagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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5
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Makinose Y, Yamada T, Kubota Y. Ionic Conductivity of Electrolytes Composed of Oleate-Capped Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48728-48734. [PMID: 38162743 PMCID: PMC10753559 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a highly promising electrolyte material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). We investigated the conductivity-enhancing effect of nanosized YSZ to explore key techniques to decrease the operating temperature. YSZ nanoparticles ranging from 2 to 4 nm were synthesized with oleate groups by the hydrothermal method at various oleate/metal ion ratios (Ole/M = 1.00, 0.75, and 0.50). The nanoparticles were sintered, and the ionic conductivities were evaluated. The 1.00 Ole/M sample exhibited high dispersibility in cyclohexane and showed a nearly monodispersed distribution. The other samples possessed agglomerated nanoparticles. The sintered YSZ nanoparticles had densities of 3.36-2.80 g/cm3 and ionic conductivities of 2.52-1.16 mS/cm at 750 °C, which are higher than those of commercial 8 mol % YSZ. Furthermore, the sintered YSZ nanoparticles exhibited higher activation energies than the commercial samples in the lower temperature range (550-650 °C). The ionic conductivity enhancement despite the high activation energy is likely due to the increased grain boundary volume. This study demonstrated the successful production of YSZ with high ionic conductivity and sinterability upon sintering at 1050 °C using YSZ nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Makinose
- Graduate
School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Laboratory
for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuta Kubota
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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6
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Yamazaki T, Yashima Y, Katsuno H, Miyazaki H, Gondo T, Kimura Y. In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Bubble Behavior Near the Surface of Ice Crystals by Using a Liquid Cell With a Peltier Cooling Holder. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1940-1949. [PMID: 37851094 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LC-TEM) is a unique technique that permits in situ observations of various phenomena in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolutions. One difficulty with this technique is the control of the environmental conditions in the observation area. Control of the temperature ranging from room temperature to minus several tens of degrees Celsius, is desirable for controlling the supersaturation in various materials and for observing crystallization more easily. We have developed a cooling transmission electron microscopy specimen holder that uses Peltier devices, and we have combined it with a liquid cell to realize accurate temperature control in LC-TEM. We evaluated this system by using water as a specimen. Motionless bubbles, shown to be voids containing pressurized gas, formed in the specimen sometime after the temperature had reached -12°C. An electron diffraction pattern showed that the specimen turned into ice Ih after the formation of these bubbles, confirming that our system works properly and can induce crystallization. In addition, we analyzed the behavior of bubbles formed in the ice Ih, and we discussed the formation of these bubbles and their internal pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Yamazaki
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Yuga Yashima
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Katsuno
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Hiroya Miyazaki
- Mel-Build Corporation, 2-11-36, Ishimaru, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0025, Japan
| | - Takashi Gondo
- Mel-Build Corporation, 2-11-36, Ishimaru, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0025, Japan
| | - Yuki Kimura
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
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7
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Blin T, Girard A, Fossard F, Guillou N, Catala L, Loiseau A, Huc V. η-Carbides (Co, Mo, or W) Nanoparticles from Octacyanometalates Precursors-Based Network. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301299. [PMID: 37154245 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple, two-steps chemical pathway to obtain bimetallic carbide nanoparticles (NPs) of general formula MxM″yC, also called η-carbides. This process allows for a control of the chemical composition of metals present in the carbides (M = Co and M″ = Mo or W). The first step involves the synthesis of a precursor consisting of a network of octacyanometalates. The second step consists in a thermal degradation of the previously obtained octacyanometalates networks under neutral atmosphere (Ar or N2 ). It is shown that this process results in the formation of carbide NPs with diameter of ≈ 5nm, and the stoichiometries Co3 M'3 C, Co6 M'6 C, Co2 M'4 C for the CsCoM' systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Blin
- Université Paris Saclay, UMR 104 ONERA-CNRS, LEM, F-92322, Châtillon, 92320, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91190, France
| | - Armelle Girard
- Université Paris Saclay, UMR 104 ONERA-CNRS, LEM, F-92322, Châtillon, 92320, France
- Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Frédéric Fossard
- Université Paris Saclay, UMR 104 ONERA-CNRS, LEM, F-92322, Châtillon, 92320, France
| | - Nathalie Guillou
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Laure Catala
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91190, France
| | - Annick Loiseau
- Université Paris Saclay, UMR 104 ONERA-CNRS, LEM, F-92322, Châtillon, 92320, France
| | - Vincent Huc
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91190, France
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8
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Bergh T, Holmestad R, Christiansen EF, Thronsen E, Nordahl G, Nord M, van Helvoort ATJ. Scanning Electron Diffraction: To Precess or not to Precess? MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:2101-2102. [PMID: 37612992 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Bergh
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Randi Holmestad
- Dept. of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Emil F Christiansen
- Dept. of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Gregory Nordahl
- Materials and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magnus Nord
- Dept. of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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9
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Nodo S, Yamane I, Suzuki M, Okabayashi J, Yokokura S, Shimada T, Nagahama T. Intrinsic Magnetic Proximity Effect at the Atomically Sharp Interface of Co xFe 3-xO 4/Pt Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24875-24882. [PMID: 37483234 PMCID: PMC10357544 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
CoxFe3-xO4(CFO)/Pt bilayers prepared by molecular beam epitaxy were investigated for the anomalous Hall effect and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). We found that the anomalous Hall effect originates from a magnetic proximity effect at the CFO/Pt interface. The XMCD signal in the Pt L-edge was obtained only for the sample deposited at 600 °C, indicating that the magnetic proximity effect is sensitive to the interface structure. Transmission electron microscopy images of the CFO/Pt interface and XMCD measurements of Co and Fe L-edges do not provide direct evidence for interfacial atomic diffusion or alloying. In summary, these results suggest that the magnetic proximity effect is robust for transport properties, such as the anomalous Hall effect, while the induced magnetic moment depends on slight differences in the interfacial structure, such as the presence or absence of interfacial oxygen ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoto Nodo
- Graduate
School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamane
- Graduate
School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Motohiro Suzuki
- School
of Engineering, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan
| | - Jun Okabayashi
- Research
Center for Spectrochemistry, The University
of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Seiya Yokokura
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Shimada
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Taro Nagahama
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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10
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Kitano S, Tanabe I, Shioya N, Hasegawa T, Murata T, Morita Y, Tsuji R, Fukui KI. Voltammetric and In Situ Spectroscopic Investigations on the Redox Processes of Trioxotriangulene Neutral Radicals on Graphite Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6846-6854. [PMID: 37130319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the microscopic electrochemical dynamics of a stable trioxotriangulene (TOT) organic neutral π-radical on a graphite electrode surface, voltammetric and in situ infrared (IR) spectroelectrochemical studies were conducted using electrolyte solutions containing TOT monoanions. Upright columnar crystals (face-on alignment) of the TOT neutral radical were preferentially formed and dissolved in a rather reversible manner in the electrolyte with a low concentration of TOT monoanion under electrochemical conditions; however, more flat-lying columnar crystals (edge-on alignment) were formed in a higher concentration electrolyte. The flat-lying crystals remained on the graphite surface even at a fully reduced potential, owing to the lack of direct π-π interactions between the molecules and the graphite electrode. In situ IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy analyses successfully characterized the alignment of the columnar crystals of the TOT neutral radicals and their electrochemical behaviors, including the possible origins of the irreversible redox reaction of TOT on the graphite electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kitano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Material Solutions New Research Engine, Kaneka Corporation, Settsu, Osaka 566-0072, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tanabe
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Functionalized Surfaces, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Functionalized Surfaces, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Yasushi Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Tsuji
- Material Solutions New Research Engine, Kaneka Corporation, Settsu, Osaka 566-0072, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fukui
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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11
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Nakanishi Y, Hayashi Y, Hamachi T, Tohei T, Nakajima Y, Xiao S, Shojiki K, Miyake H, Sakai A. Micro- and Nanostructure Analysis of Vapor-Phase-Grown AlN on Face-to-Face Annealed Sputtered AlN/Nanopatterned Sapphire Substrate Templates. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2023; 52:1-10. [PMID: 37363789 PMCID: PMC10054194 DOI: 10.1007/s11664-023-10348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanostructures in vapor-phase-grown AlN on face-to-face annealed sputtered AlN (FFA Sp-AlN) templates formed on nanopatterned sapphire substrates (NPSS) were comprehensively analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. The comparison between metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy-grown AlN/FFA Sp-AlN/hole-type NPSS (Sample MOH) and hydride vapor-phase epitaxy-grown AlN/FFA Sp-AlN/cone-type NPSS (Sample HVC) showed apparent differences in the morphology of dislocation propagation, presence of voids, shape of polarity inversion boundaries, and crystal structure on the slope region of NPSS. Notably, cross-sectional and plan-view observations revealed that the quality of FFA Sp-AlN significantly affects the threading dislocation density in the vapor-phase-grown layer. At the slope region of the AlN/NPSS interface, γ-AlON was observed in the MOH sample, while highly misaligned AlN grains were observed in the HVC sample. These characteristic crystal structures affect the occurrence of dislocations via different mechanisms in each sample. This study provides practical information for strategically controlling the micro- and nanostructures formed in AlN/NPSS structures for high-performance AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet emitters. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11664-023-10348-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Nakanishi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Yusuke Hayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Takeaki Hamachi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tohei
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Yoshikata Nakajima
- R3 Institute for Newly-Emerging Science Design, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Shiyu Xiao
- Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Kanako Shojiki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hideto Miyake
- Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Akira Sakai
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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12
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Mu H, Zhang Y, Zou H, Tian F, Fu Y, Zhang L. Physical Mechanism and Chemical Trends in the Thermal Expansion of Inorganic Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:190-198. [PMID: 36580394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The considerable thermal expansion of halide perovskites is one of the challenges to device stability, yet the physical origin and modulation strategy remain unclear. Herein, we report first-principles calculations of the thermal properties of halide perovskites at 300 K using oxides as a reference. We found that the large thermal expansion of halide perovskites can mainly be attributed to their low bulk modulus and volumetric heat capacity because of the soft crystal lattice, whereas composition-dependent anharmonicity emerges as the most important factor in determining thermal expansion with the same structure. We discovered that thermal expansion of halide perovskites can be decreased by weakening the B-X bond to promote the octahedral anharmonicity. We further proposed an effective thermal expansion coefficient descriptor of halide perovskites with a Pearson correlation coefficient of nearly -80%. Our findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and chemical trends in the thermal expansion behavior of halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Hongshuai Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Fuyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Yuhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, International Center of Computational Method and Software, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
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Perpendicular full switching of chiral antiferromagnetic order by current. Nature 2022; 607:474-479. [PMID: 35859198 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04864-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrical control of a magnetic state of matter lays the foundation for information technologies and for understanding of spintronic phenomena. Spin-orbit torque provides an efficient mechanism for the electrical manipulation of magnetic orders1-11. In particular, spin-orbit torque switching of perpendicular magnetization in nanoscale ferromagnetic bits has enabled the development of stable, reliable and low-power memories and computation12-14. Likewise, for antiferromagnetic spintronics, electrical bidirectional switching of an antiferromagnetic order in a perpendicular geometry may have huge impacts, given its potential advantage for high-density integration and ultrafast operation15,16. Here we report the experimental realization of perpendicular and full spin-orbit torque switching of an antiferromagnetic binary state. We use the chiral antiferromagnet Mn3Sn (ref. 17), which exhibits the magnetization-free anomalous Hall effect owing to a ferroic order of a cluster magnetic octupole hosted in its chiral antiferromagnetic state18. We fabricate heavy-metal/Mn3Sn heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy and introduce perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the octupole using an epitaxial in-plane tensile strain. By using the anomalous Hall effect as the readout, we demonstrate 100 per cent switching of the perpendicular octupole polarization in a 30-nanometre-thick Mn3Sn film with a small critical current density of less than 15 megaamperes per square centimetre. Our theory reveals that the perpendicular geometry between the polarization directions of current-induced spin accumulation and of the octupole persistently maximizes the spin-orbit torque efficiency during the deterministic bidirectional switching process. Our work provides a significant basis for antiferromagnetic spintronics.
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14
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Radiation Effect in Ti-Cr Multilayer-Coated Silicon Carbide under Silicon Ion Irradiation up to 3 dpa. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of conventional Zircaloy fuel cladding with silicon carbide (SiC) fuel cladding is expected to significantly decrease the amount of hydrogen generated from fuel claddings by the reaction with steam during severe accidents. One of their critical issues addressed regarding practical application has been hydrothermal corrosion. Thus, the corrosion resistant coating technology using a Ti-Cr multilayer was developed to suppress silica dissolution from SiC fuel cladding into reactor coolant under normal operation. The effect of radiation on adhesion of the coating to SiC substrate and its microstructure characteristics were investigated following Si ion irradiation at 573 K up to 3 dpa for SiC. Measurement of swelling in pure Ti, pure Cr and SiC revealed that the maximum inner stress attributed to the swelling difference was generated between the coating and SiC substrate by irradiation of 1 dpa. No delamination and cracking were observed in cross-sectional specimens of the coated SiC irradiated up to 3 dpa. According to analyses using transmission electron microscopy, large void formation and cascade mixing due to irradiation were not observed in the coating. The swelling in the coating at 573 K was presumed to be caused by another mechanism during radiation such as point defects rather than void formation.
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15
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Mineralogical and Genomic Constraints on the Origin of Microbial Mn Oxide Formation in Complexed Microbial Community at the Terrestrial Hot Spring. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060816. [PMID: 35743847 PMCID: PMC9224936 DOI: 10.3390/life12060816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) oxides are widespread on the surface environments of the modern Earth. The role of microbial activities in the formation of Mn oxides has been discussed for several decades. However, the mechanisms of microbial Mn oxidation, and its role in complex microbial communities in natural environments, remain uncertain. Here, we report the geochemical, mineralogical, and metagenomic evidence for biogenic Mn oxides, found in Japanese hot spring sinters. The low crystallinity of Mn oxides, and their spatial associations with organic matter, support the biogenic origin of Mn oxides. Specific multicopper oxidases (MCOs), which are considered Mn-oxidizing enzymes, were identified using metagenomic analyses. Nanoscale nuggets of copper sulfides were, also, discovered in the organic matter in Mn-rich sinters. A part of these copper sulfides most likely represents traces of MCOs, and this is the first report of traces of Mn-oxidizing enzyme in geological samples. Metagenomic analyses, surprisingly, indicated a close association of Mn oxides, not only in aerobic but also in anaerobic microbial communities. These new findings offer the unique and unified positions of Mn oxides, with roles that have not been ignored, to sustain anaerobic microbial communities in hot spring environments.
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