1
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Flosbach NT, Bykov M, Bykova E, Rasche B, Mezouar M, Fedotenko T, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB, Wickleder MS. Stabilization of Pr 4+ in Silicates─High-Pressure Synthesis of PrSi 3O 8 and Pr 2Si 7O 18. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4875-4882. [PMID: 38412505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The reaction between PrO2 and SiO2 was investigated at various pressure points up to 29 GPa in a diamond anvil cell using laser heating and in situ single-crystal structure analysis. The pressure points at 5 and 10 GPa produced Pr2III(Si2O7), whereas Pr4IIISi3O12 and Pr2IV(O2)O3 were obtained at 15 GPa. Pr4IIISi3O12 can be interpreted as a high-pressure modification of the still unknown orthosilicate Pr4III(SiO4)3. PrIVSi3O8 and Pr2IVSi7O18 that contain praseodymium in its rare + IV oxidation state were identified at 29 GPa. After the pressure was released from the reaction chamber, the Pr(IV) silicates could be recovered, indicating that they are metastable at ambient pressure. Density functional theory calculations of the electronic structure corroborate the oxidation state of praseodymium in both PrIVSi3O8 and Pr2IVSi7O18. Both silicates are the first structurally characterized representatives of Pr4+-containing salts with oxoanions. All three silicates contain condensed networks of [SiO6] octahedra which is unprecedented in the rich chemistry of lanthanoid silicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko T Flosbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bertold Rasche
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Avenue des Martyrs 71, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Mathias S Wickleder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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2
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Geballe ZM, Miozzi F, Anto CF, Rojas J, Yang J, Walter MJ. Spectroradiometry with sub-microsecond time resolution using multianode photomultiplier tube assemblies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:023905. [PMID: 38391287 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Accurate and precise measurements of spectroradiometric temperature are crucial for many high pressure experiments that use diamond anvil cells or shock waves. In experiments with sub-millisecond timescales, specialized detectors such as streak cameras or photomultiplier tubes are required to measure temperature. High accuracy and precision are difficult to attain, especially at temperatures below 3000 K. Here, we present a new spectroradiometry system based on multianode photomultiplier tube technology and passive readout circuitry that yields a 0.24 µs rise-time for each channel. Temperature is measured using five color spectroradiometry. During high pressure pulsed Joule heating experiments in a diamond anvil cell, we document measurement precision to be ±30 K at temperatures as low as 2000 K during single-shot heating experiments with 0.6 µs time-resolution. Ambient pressure melting tests using pulsed Joule heating indicate that the accuracy is ±80 K in the temperature range 1800-2700 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Geballe
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
| | - Francesca Miozzi
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
| | - Chris F Anto
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
| | - Javier Rojas
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
| | - Michael J Walter
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, USA
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3
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Childs C, Smith D, Smith GA, Ellison P, Sneed D, Hinton J, Siska E, Pigott JS, Rod E, O'Donnell W, Salem R, Sturtevant B, Scharff RJ, Velisavljevic N, Park C, Salamat A. CO 2 laser heating system for in situ radial x-ray absorption at 16-BM-D at the Advanced Photon Source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:083901. [PMID: 36050120 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a portable CO2 laser heating system for in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies at 16-BM-D (High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory). Back scattering optical measurements are made possible by the implementation of a Ge beamsplitter. Optical pyrometry is conducted in the near-infrared, and our temperature measurements are free of chromatic aberration due to the implementation of the peak-scaling method [A. Kavner and W. R. Panero, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 143-144, 527-539 (2004) and A. Kavner and C. Nugent, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 024902 (2008)] and mode scrambling of the input signal. Laser power stabilization is established using electronic feedback, providing a steady power over second timescales [Childs et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 103003 (2020)]-crucial for longer XAS collections. Examples of in situ high pressure-temperature extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements of ZrO2 are presented to demonstrate this new capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Childs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Dean Smith
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - G Alexander Smith
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Paul Ellison
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Daniel Sneed
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Jasmine Hinton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Emily Siska
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Pigott
- Shock and Detonation Physics (M-9), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Eric Rod
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - William O'Donnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Ran Salem
- Physics Department, Nuclear Research Center Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - Blake Sturtevant
- Shock and Detonation Physics (M-9), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Jason Scharff
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, North Las Vegas, Nevada 89030, USA
| | - Nenad Velisavljevic
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changyong Park
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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4
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Weck G, Queyroux JA, Ninet S, Datchi F, Mezouar M, Loubeyre P. Evidence and Stability Field of fcc Superionic Water Ice Using Static Compression. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:165701. [PMID: 35522490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural transformation of hot dense water ice is investigated by combining synchrotron x-ray diffraction and a laser-heating diamond anvil cell above 25 GPa. A transition from the body-centered-cubic (bcc) to face-centered-cubic (fcc) oxygen atoms sublattices is observed from 57 GPa and 1500 K to 166 GPa and 2500 K. That is the structural signature of the transition to fcc superionic (fcc SI) ice. The sign of the density discontinuity at the transition is obtained and a phase diagram is disclosed, showing an extended fcc SI stability field. Present data also constrain the stability field of the bcc superionic (bcc SI) ice up to 100 GPa at least. The current understanding of warm dense water ice based on ab initio simulations is discussed in the light of present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Weck
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Lab Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
| | | | - Sandra Ninet
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD UMR 206, MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Datchi
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD UMR 206, MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Boîte Postale 220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Paul Loubeyre
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Lab Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
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5
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Konôpková Z, Morgenroth W, Husband R, Giordano N, Pakhomova A, Gutowski O, Wendt M, Glazyrin K, Ehnes A, Delitz JT, Goncharov AF, Prakapenka VB, Liermann HP. Laser heating system at the Extreme Conditions Beamline, P02.2, PETRA III. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:1747-1757. [PMID: 34738928 PMCID: PMC8570206 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521009231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A laser heating system for samples confined in diamond anvil cells paired with in situ X-ray diffraction measurements at the Extreme Conditions Beamline of PETRA III is presented. The system features two independent laser configurations (on-axis and off-axis of the X-ray path) allowing for a broad range of experiments using different designs of diamond anvil cells. The power of the continuous laser source can be modulated for use in various pulsed laser heating or flash heating applications. An example of such an application is illustrated here on the melting curve of iron at megabar pressures. The optical path of the spectroradiometry measurements is simulated with ray-tracing methods in order to assess the level of present aberrations in the system and the results are compared with other systems, that are using simpler lens optics. Based on the ray-tracing the choice of the first achromatic lens and other aspects for accurate temperature measurements are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Konôpková
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Morgenroth
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Kristallographie/Mineralogie, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Altenhöferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rachel Husband
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Giordano
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Pakhomova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olof Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mario Wendt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anita Ehnes
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Alexander F. Goncharov
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Vitali B. Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hanns-Peter Liermann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Drewitt JWE. Liquid structure under extreme conditions: high-pressure x-ray diffraction studies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:503004. [PMID: 34544063 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under extreme conditions of high pressure and temperature, liquids can undergo substantial structural transformations as their atoms rearrange to minimise energy within a more confined volume. Understanding the structural response of liquids under extreme conditions is important across a variety of disciplines, from fundamental physics and exotic chemistry to materials and planetary science.In situexperiments and atomistic simulations can provide crucial insight into the nature of liquid-liquid phase transitions and the complex phase diagrams and melting relations of high-pressure materials. Structural changes in natural magmas at the high-pressures experienced in deep planetary interiors can have a profound impact on their physical properties, knowledge of which is important to inform geochemical models of magmatic processes. Generating the extreme conditions required to melt samples at high-pressure, whilst simultaneously measuring their liquid structure, is a considerable challenge. The measurement, analysis, and interpretation of structural data is further complicated by the inherent disordered nature of liquids at the atomic-scale. However, recent advances in high-pressure technology mean that liquid diffraction measurements are becoming more routinely feasible at synchrotron facilities around the world. This topical review examines methods for high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction of liquids and the wide variety of systems which have been studied by them, from simple liquid metals and their remarkable complex behaviour at high-pressure, to molecular-polymeric liquid-liquid transitions in pnicogen and chalcogen liquids, and density-driven structural transformations in water and silicate melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W E Drewitt
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, H H Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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7
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A Review of the Melting Curves of Transition Metals at High Pressures Using Static Compression Techniques. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The accurate determination of melting curves for transition metals is an intense topic within high pressure research, both because of the technical challenges included as well as the controversial data obtained from various experiments. This review presents the main static techniques that are used for melting studies, with a strong focus on the diamond anvil cell; it also explores the state of the art of melting detection methods and analyzes the major reasons for discrepancies in the determination of the melting curves of transition metals. The physics of the melting transition is also discussed.
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8
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Childs C, O'Donnell W, Ellison PB, Shelton DP, Salamat A. Optical and electronic solutions for power stabilization of CO 2 lasers. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:103003. [PMID: 33138611 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High pressure-temperature conditions can be readily achieved through the laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC). A stable laser source is required for reliable in situ measurements of the sample, as the sample is small with a thermal time constant of the order of microseconds. Here, we show that the power instabilities typical of CO2 gas lasers used in LH-DAC's are ±5% at the second timescale and ∼±50% at the microsecond timescale. We also demonstrate that the pointing instability of the laser requires either a diffuser or an integrating sphere for reliable total power measurements with small sized detectors. We present a simple solution for stabilizing the power of a CO2 gas laser on the second timescale by the direct modulation of the current across the tube and another solution that stabilizes the power to the microsecond timescale by externally modulating the CO2 laser beam. Both solutions can achieve a ±0.3% power stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Childs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - William O'Donnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Paul B Ellison
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - David P Shelton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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9
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A Practical Review of the Laser-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for University Laboratories and Synchrotron Applications. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10060459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the past couple of decades, the laser-heated diamond anvil cell (combined with in situ techniques) has become an extensively used tool for studying pressure-temperature-induced evolution of various physical (and chemical) properties of materials. In this review, the general challenges associated with the use of the laser-heated diamond anvil cells are discussed together with the recent progress in the use of this tool combined with synchrotron X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy.
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10
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Lobanov SS, Schifferle L, Schulz R. Gated detection of supercontinuum pulses enables optical probing of solid and molten silicates at extreme pressure-temperature conditions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:053103. [PMID: 32486715 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical studies of materials at high pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions provide insights into their physical properties that may be inaccessible to direct determination at extreme conditions. Incandescent light sources, however, are insufficiently bright to optically probe samples with radiative temperatures above ∼1000 K. Here we report on a system to perform optical absorption experiments in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at T up to at least 4000 K. This setup is based on a pulsed supercontinuum (broadband) light probe and a gated CCD detector. Precise and tight synchronization of the detector gates (3 ns) to the bright probe pulses (1 ns) diminishes the recorded thermal background and preserves an excellent probe signal at high temperature. We demonstrate the efficiency of this spectroscopic setup by measuring the optical absorbance of solid and molten (Mg,Fe)SiO3, an important constituent of planetary mantles, at P ∼30 GPa and T ∼1200 K to 4150 K. Optical absorbance of the hot solid (Mg,Fe)SiO3 is moderately sensitive to temperature but increases abruptly upon melting and acquires a strong temperature dependence. Our results enable quantitative estimates of the opacity of planetary mantles with implications to their thermal and electrical conductivities, all of which have never been constrained at representative P-T conditions, and call for an optical detection of melting in silicate-bearing systems to resolve the extant ambiguity in their high-pressure melting curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Lobanov
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.6, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Schifferle
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.6, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Reiner Schulz
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.6, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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11
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Anzellini S, Monteseguro V, Bandiello E, Dewaele A, Burakovsky L, Errandonea D. In situ characterization of the high pressure - high temperature melting curve of platinum. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13034. [PMID: 31506567 PMCID: PMC6736956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the melting line of platinum has been characterized both experimentally, using synchrotron X-ray diffraction in laser-heated diamond-anvil cells, and theoretically, using ab initio simulations. In the investigated pressure and temperature range (pressure between 10 GPa and 110 GPa and temperature between 300 K and 4800 K), only the face-centered cubic phase of platinum has been observed. The melting points obtained with the two techniques are in good agreement. Furthermore, the obtained results agree and considerably extend the melting line previously obtained in large-volume devices and in one laser-heated diamond-anvil cells experiment, in which the speckle method was used as melting detection technique. The divergence between previous laser-heating experiments is resolved in favor of those experiments reporting the higher melting slope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Anzellini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Virginia Monteseguro
- Departamento de Física Aplicada - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Matter at High Pressure (MALTA) Consolider Team, Universidad de Valencia, Edificio de Investigación, C/Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrico Bandiello
- Departamento de Física Aplicada - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Matter at High Pressure (MALTA) Consolider Team, Universidad de Valencia, Edificio de Investigación, C/Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Leonid Burakovsky
- Theoretical Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Daniel Errandonea
- Departamento de Física Aplicada - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Matter at High Pressure (MALTA) Consolider Team, Universidad de Valencia, Edificio de Investigación, C/Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Sharma SM, Turneaure SJ, Winey JM, Li Y, Rigg P, Schuman A, Sinclair N, Toyoda Y, Wang X, Weir N, Zhang J, Gupta YM. Structural Transformation and Melting in Gold Shock Compressed to 355 GPa. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:045702. [PMID: 31491271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.045702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gold is believed to retain its ambient crystal structure at very high pressures under static and shock compression, enabling its wide use as a pressure marker. Our in situ x-ray diffraction measurements on shock-compressed gold show that it transforms to the body-centered-cubic (bcc) phase, with an onset pressure between 150 and 176 GPa. A liquid-bcc coexistence was observed between 220 and 302 GPa and complete melting occurs by 355 GPa. Our observation of the lower coordination bcc structure in shocked gold is in marked contrast to theoretical predictions and the reported observation of the hexagonal-close-packed structure under static compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder M Sharma
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Stefan J Turneaure
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - J M Winey
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Yuelin Li
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Paulo Rigg
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Adam Schuman
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Nicholas Sinclair
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Toyoda
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Nicholas Weir
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Dynamic Compression Sector, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y M Gupta
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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13
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McMillan PF. New nitrides: from high pressure-high temperature synthesis to layered nanomaterials and energy applications. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20180244. [PMID: 31030648 PMCID: PMC6501886 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe work carried out within our group to explore new transition metal and main group nitride phases synthesized using high pressure-high temperature techniques using X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy at synchrotron sources in the USA, UK and France to establish their structures and physical properties. Along with previously published data, we also highlight additional results that have not been presented elsewhere and that represent new areas for further exploration. We also describe new work being carried out to explore the properties of carbon nitride materials being developed for energy applications and the nature of few-layered carbon nitride nanomaterials with atomically ordered structures that form solutions in polar liquids via thermodynamically driven exfoliation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Fifty years of synchrotron science: achievements and opportunities'.
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14
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Hartley NJ, Vorberger J, Döppner T, Cowan T, Falcone RW, Fletcher LB, Frydrych S, Galtier E, Gamboa EJ, Gericke DO, Glenzer SH, Granados E, MacDonald MJ, MacKinnon AJ, McBride EE, Nam I, Neumayer P, Pak A, Rohatsch K, Saunders AM, Schuster AK, Sun P, van Driel T, Kraus D. Liquid Structure of Shock-Compressed Hydrocarbons at Megabar Pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:245501. [PMID: 30608736 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.245501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present results for the ionic structure in hydrocarbons (polystyrene, polyethylene) that were shock compressed to pressures of up to 190 GPa, inducing rapid melting of the samples. The structure of the resulting liquid is then probed using in situ diffraction by an x-ray free electron laser beam, demonstrating the capability to obtain reliable diffraction data in a single shot, even for low-Z samples without long range order. The data agree well with ab initio simulations, validating the ability of such approaches to model mixed samples in states where complex interparticle bonds remain, and showing that simpler models are not necessarily valid. While the results clearly exclude the possibility of complete carbon-hydrogen demixing at the conditions probed, they also, in contrast to previous predictions, indicate that diffraction is not always a sufficient diagnostic for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Hartley
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Open and Transdisciplinary Research Institute, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Vorberger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Cowan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - R W Falcone
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L B Fletcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - S Frydrych
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - E J Gamboa
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - E Granados
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - M J MacDonald
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A J MacKinnon
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - E E McBride
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - I Nam
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - P Neumayer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Pak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Rohatsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A M Saunders
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A K Schuster
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - P Sun
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - T van Driel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94309, USA
| | - D Kraus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Anzellini S, Kleppe AK, Daisenberger D, Wharmby MT, Giampaoli R, Boccato S, Baron MA, Miozzi F, Keeble DS, Ross A, Gurney S, Thompson J, Knap G, Booth M, Hudson L, Hawkins D, Walter MJ, Wilhelm H. Laser-heating system for high-pressure X-ray diffraction at the Extreme Conditions beamline I15 at Diamond Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:1860-1868. [PMID: 30407199 PMCID: PMC6225745 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518013383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the specification and application of the new double-sided YAG laser-heating system built on beamline I15 at Diamond Light Source are presented. This system, combined with diamond anvil cell and X-ray diffraction techniques, allows in situ and ex situ characterization of material properties at extremes of pressure and temperature. In order to demonstrate the reliability and stability of this experimental setup over a wide range of pressure and temperature, a case study was performed and the phase diagram of lead was investigated up to 80 GPa and 3300 K. The obtained results agree with previously published experimental and theoretical data, underlining the quality and reliability of the installed setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Anzellini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Annette K. Kleppe
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Dominik Daisenberger
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Michael T. Wharmby
- PETRA III, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruggero Giampaoli
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
- Physics Department, Instituto Superior Tecnico (Universidade de Lisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Silvia Boccato
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, CS40220, Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Marzena A. Baron
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francesca Miozzi
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dean S. Keeble
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Allan Ross
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Stuart Gurney
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jon Thompson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Giles Knap
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Mark Booth
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Lee Hudson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Dave Hawkins
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Michael J. Walter
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington DC, 20015, USA
| | - Heribert Wilhelm
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
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16
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Smith D, Smith JS, Childs C, Rod E, Hrubiak R, Shen G, Salamat A. A CO 2 laser heating system for in situ high pressure-temperature experiments at HPCAT. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:083901. [PMID: 30184683 DOI: 10.1063/1.5040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a CO2 laser heating setup for synchrotron x-ray diffraction inside a diamond anvil cell, situated at HPCAT (Sector 16, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Lab, Illinois, USA), which is modular and portable between the HPCAT experiment hutches. The system allows direct laser heating of wide bandgap insulating materials to thousands of degrees at static high pressures up to the Mbar regime. Alignment of the focused CO2 laser spot is performed using a mid-infrared microscope, which addressed past difficulties with aligning the invisible radiation. The implementation of the mid-infrared microscope alongside a mirror pinhole spatial filter system allows precise alignment of the heating laser spot and optical pyrometry measurement location to the x-ray probe. A comparatively large heating spot (∼50 μm) relative to the x-ray beam (<10 μm) reduces the risk of temperature gradients across the probed area. Each component of the heating system and its diagnostics have been designed with portability in mind and compatibility with the various experimental hutches at the HPCAT beamlines. We present measurements on ZrO2 at 5.5 GPa which demonstrate the improved room-temperature diffraction data quality afforded by annealing with the CO2 laser. We also present in situ measurements at 5.5 GPa up to 2800 K in which we do not observe the postulated fluorite ZrO2 structure, in agreement with recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Smith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and HiPSEC, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Jesse S Smith
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Christian Childs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and HiPSEC, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Eric Rod
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Rostislav Hrubiak
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and HiPSEC, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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17
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Aprilis G, Strohm C, Kupenko I, Linhardt S, Laskin A, Vasiukov DM, Cerantola V, Koemets EG, McCammon C, Kurnosov A, Chumakov AI, Rüffer R, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. Portable double-sided pulsed laser heating system for time-resolved geoscience and materials science applications. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:084501. [PMID: 28863683 DOI: 10.1063/1.4998985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A portable double-sided pulsed laser heating system for diamond anvil cells has been developed that is able to stably produce laser pulses as short as a few microseconds with repetition frequencies up to 100 kHz. In situ temperature determination is possible by collecting and fitting the thermal radiation spectrum for a specific wavelength range (particularly, between 650 nm and 850 nm) to the Planck radiation function. Surface temperature information can also be time-resolved by using a gated detector that is synchronized with the laser pulse modulation and space-resolved with the implementation of a multi-point thermal radiation collection technique. The system can be easily coupled with equipment at synchrotron facilities, particularly for nuclear resonance spectroscopy experiments. Examples of applications include investigations of high-pressure high-temperature behavior of iron oxides, both in house and at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility using the synchrotron Mössbauer source and nuclear inelastic scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aprilis
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - C Strohm
- Photon Science, DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - I Kupenko
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Linhardt
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A Laskin
- AdlOptica Optical Systems GmbH, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D M Vasiukov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - V Cerantola
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - E G Koemets
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - C McCammon
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A Kurnosov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A I Chumakov
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - R Rüffer
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - N Dubrovinskaia
- Materials Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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18
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Salamat A, Fischer RA, Briggs R, McMahon MI, Petitgirard S. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell: Melting phenomena and synthesis of new materials. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Santoro M, Gorelli FA, Bini R, Salamat A, Garbarino G, Levelut C, Cambon O, Haines J. Carbon enters silica forming a cristobalite-type CO2-SiO2 solid solution. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3761. [PMID: 24781844 PMCID: PMC5603768 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme conditions permit unique materials to be synthesized and can significantly update our view of the periodic table. In the case of group IV elements, carbon was always considered to be distinct with respect to its heavier homologues in forming oxides. Here we report the synthesis of a crystalline CO2-SiO2 solid solution by reacting carbon dioxide and silica in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (P = 16-22 GPa, T>4,000 K), showing that carbon enters silica. Remarkably, this material is recovered to ambient conditions. X-ray diffraction shows that the crystal adopts a densely packed α-cristobalite structure (P4(1)2(1)2) with carbon and silicon in fourfold coordination to oxygen at pressures where silica normally adopts a sixfold coordinated rutile-type stishovite structure. An average formula of C0.6(1)Si0.4(1)O2 is consistent with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results. These findings may modify our view on oxide chemistry, which is of great interest for materials science, as well as Earth and planetary sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Santoro
- 1] Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (INO-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Federico A Gorelli
- 1] Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (INO-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Claire Levelut
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 5221, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Colloïdes, Verres et Nanomatériaux (CVN), Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - Olivier Cambon
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe C2M, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - Julien Haines
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe C2M, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
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