1
|
Gaeta M, Galletta K, Cavallaro M, Mormina E, Cannizzaro MT, Lanzafame LRM, D'Angelo T, Blandino A, Vinci SL, Granata F. T1 relaxation: Chemo-physical fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical applications. Insights Imaging 2024; 15:200. [PMID: 39120775 PMCID: PMC11315875 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-024-01744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A knowledge of the complex phenomena that regulate T1 signal on Magnetic Resonance Imaging is essential in clinical practice for a more effective characterization of pathological processes. The authors review the physical basis of T1 Relaxation Time and the fundamental aspects of physics and chemistry that can influence this parameter. The main substances (water, fat, macromolecules, methemoglobin, melanin, Gadolinium, calcium) that influence T1 and the different MRI acquisition techniques that can be applied to enhance their presence in diagnostic images are then evaluated. An extensive case illustration of the different phenomena and techniques in the areas of CNS, abdomino-pelvic, and osteoarticular pathology is also proposed. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: T1 relaxation time is strongly influenced by numerous factors related to tissue characteristics and the presence in the context of the lesions of some specific substances. An examination of these phenomena with extensive MRI exemplification is reported. KEY POINTS: The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the chemical-physical basis of T1 Relaxation Time. MRI methods in accordance with the various clinical indications are listed. Several examples of clinical application in abdominopelvic and CNS pathology are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Gaeta
- Radiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Karol Galletta
- Neuroradiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cavallaro
- Neuroradiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enricomaria Mormina
- Neuroradiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Tommaso D'Angelo
- Radiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfredo Blandino
- Radiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Lucio Vinci
- Neuroradiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Granata
- Neuroradiology Unit - Biomorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cozzi M, Failla M, Gianquinto E, Kovachka S, Buoli Comani V, Compari C, De Bei O, Giaccari R, Marchesani F, Marchetti M, Ronda L, Rolando B, Baroni M, Cruciani G, Campanini B, Bettati S, Faggiano S, Lazzarato L, Spyrakis F. Identification of small molecules affecting the interaction between human hemoglobin and Staphylococcus aureus IsdB hemophore. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8272. [PMID: 38594253 PMCID: PMC11003968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human hemoglobin (Hb) is the preferred iron source of Staphylococcus aureus. This pathogenic bacterium exploits a sophisticated protein machinery called Iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) system to bind Hb, extract and internalize heme, and finally degrade it to complete iron acquisition. IsdB, the surface exposed Hb receptor, is a proven virulence factor of S. aureus and the inhibition of its interaction with Hb can be pursued as a strategy to develop new classes of antimicrobials. To identify small molecules able to disrupt IsdB:Hb protein-protein interactions (PPIs), we carried out a structure-based virtual screening campaign and developed an ad hoc immunoassay to screen the retrieved set of commercially available compounds. Saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR was applied to verify specific interactions of a sub-set of molecules, chosen based on their efficacy in reducing the amount of Hb bound to IsdB. Among molecules for which direct binding was verified, the best hit was submitted to ITC analysis to measure the binding affinity to Hb, which was found to be in the low micromolar range. The results demonstrate the viability of the proposed in silico/in vitro experimental pipeline to discover and test IsdB:Hb PPI inhibitors. The identified lead compound will be the starting point for future SAR and molecule optimization campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cozzi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Gianquinto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sandra Kovachka
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Omar De Bei
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Ronda
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Baroni
- Molecular Discovery Ltd, Kisnetic Business Centre, Elstree, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Bettati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Powell SM, Wang B, Herrera VE, Prather KY, Nguyen NT, Abucayon EG, Thomas LM, Safo MK, Richter-Addo GB. Crystal structural investigations of heme protein derivatives resulting from reactions of aryl- and alkylhydroxylamines with human hemoglobin. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112304. [PMID: 37406385 PMCID: PMC10348690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenylhydroxylamine (PhNHOH) and nitrosobenzene (PhNO) interact with human tetrameric hemoglobin (Hb) to form the nitrosobenzene adduct Hb(PhNO). These interactions also frequently lead to methemoglobin formation in red blood cells. We utilize UV-vis spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography to identify the primary and secondary products that form when PhNHOH and related alkylhydroxylamines (RNHOH; R = Me, t-Bu) react with human ferric Hb. We show that with MeNHOH, the primary product is Hb[α-FeIII(H2O)][β-FeII(MeNO)], in which nitrosomethane is bound to the β subunit but not the α subunit. Attempts to isolate a nitrosochloramphenicol (CAMNO) adduct resulted in our isolation of a Hb[α-FeII][β-FeII-cySOx]{CAMNO} product (cySOx = oxidized cysteine) in which CAMNO was located outside of the protein in the solvent region between the β2 and α2 subunits of the same tetramer. We also observed that the βcys93 residue had been oxidized. In the case of t-BuNHOH, we demonstrate that the isolated product is the β-hemichrome Hb[α-FeIII(H2O)][β-FeIII(His)2]{t-BuNHOH}, in which the β heme has slipped ∼4.4 Å towards the solvent exterior to accommodate the bis-His heme coordination. When PhNHOH is used, a similar β-hemichrome Hb[α-FeIII(H2O)][β-FeIII(His)2-cySOx]{PhNHOH} was obtained. Our results reveal, for the first time, the X-ray structural determination of a β-hemichrome in a human Hb derivative. Our UV-vis and X-ray crystal structural result reveal that although Hb(PhNO) and Hb(RNO) complexes may form as primary products, attempted isolation of these products by crystallization may result in the structural determination of their secondary products which may contain β-hemichromes en route to further protein degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Powell
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Viridiana E Herrera
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Department of Chemistry and Physics, Ivory V. Nelson Science Center, Lincoln University, Lincoln University, PA, 19352, USA
| | - Kiana Y Prather
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA; University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Nancy T Nguyen
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA; University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Erwin G Abucayon
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Leonard M Thomas
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Martin K Safo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - George B Richter-Addo
- Price Family Foundation Institute of Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valenciano-Bellido S, Caaveiro JMM, Morante K, Sushko T, Nakakido M, Nagatoishi S, Tsumoto K. Structure and role of the linker domain of the iron surface-determinant protein IsdH in heme transportation in Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101995. [PMID: 35500652 PMCID: PMC9163592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of deadly nosocomial infections, a severe problem fueled by the steady increase of resistant bacteria. The iron surface determinant (Isd) system is a family of proteins that acquire nutritional iron from the host organism, helping the bacterium to proliferate during infection, and therefore represents a promising antibacterial target. In particular, the surface protein IsdH captures hemoglobin (Hb) and acquires the heme moiety containing the iron atom. Structurally, IsdH comprises three distinctive NEAr-iron Transporter (NEAT) domains connected by linker domains. The objective of this study was to characterize the linker region between NEAT2 and NEAT3 from various biophysical viewpoints and thereby advance our understanding of its role in the molecular mechanism of heme extraction. We demonstrate the linker region contributes to the stability of the bound protein, likely influencing the flexibility and orientation of the NEAT3 domain in its interaction with Hb, but only exerts a modest contribution to the affinity of IsdH for heme. Based on these data, we suggest that the flexible nature of the linker facilitates the precise positioning of NEAT3 to acquire heme. In addition, we also found that residues His45 and His89 of Hb located in the heme transfer route toward IsdH do not play a critical role in the transfer rate-determining step. In conclusion, this study clarifies key elements of the mechanism of heme extraction of human Hb by IsdH, providing key insights into the Isd system and other protein systems containing NEAT domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose M M Caaveiro
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Global Healthcare, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Koldo Morante
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatyana Sushko
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakakido
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
De Bei O, Marchetti M, Ronda L, Gianquinto E, Lazzarato L, Chirgadze DY, Hardwick SW, Cooper LR, Spyrakis F, Luisi BF, Campanini B, Bettati S. Cryo-EM structures of staphylococcal IsdB bound to human hemoglobin reveal the process of heme extraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116708119. [PMID: 35357971 PMCID: PMC9168843 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116708119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron surface determinant B (IsdB) is a hemoglobin (Hb) receptor essential for hemic iron acquisition by Staphylococcus aureus. Heme transfer to IsdB is possible from oxidized Hb (metHb), but inefficient from Hb either bound to oxygen (oxyHb) or bound to carbon monoxide (HbCO), and encompasses a sequence of structural events that are currently poorly understood. By single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, we determined the structure of two IsdB:Hb complexes, representing key species along the heme extraction pathway. The IsdB:HbCO structure, at 2.9-Å resolution, provides a snapshot of the preextraction complex. In this early stage of IsdB:Hb interaction, the hemophore binds to the β-subunits of the Hb tetramer, exploiting a folding-upon-binding mechanism that is likely triggered by a cis/trans isomerization of Pro173. Binding of IsdB to α-subunits occurs upon dissociation of the Hb tetramer into α/β dimers. The structure of the IsdB:metHb complex reveals the final step of the extraction process, where heme transfer to IsdB is completed. The stability of the complex, both before and after heme transfer from Hb to IsdB, is influenced by isomerization of Pro173. These results greatly enhance current understanding of structural and dynamic aspects of the heme extraction mechanism by IsdB and provide insight into the interactions that stabilize the complex before the heme transfer event. This information will support future efforts to identify inhibitors of heme acquisition by S. aureus by interfering with IsdB:Hb complex formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar De Bei
- Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Marialaura Marchetti
- Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Luca Ronda
- Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gianquinto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Dimitri Y. Chirgadze
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Steven W. Hardwick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Lee R. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Ben F. Luisi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Campanini
- Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Stefano Bettati
- Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa 56124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ommi NB, Abdullah M, Guruprasad L, Babu PP. Docosahexaenoic acid is potent against the growth of mature stages of Plasmodium falciparum; inhibition of hematin polymerization a possible target. Parasitol Int 2022; 89:102581. [PMID: 35395394 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the potential effect of externally added unsaturated fatty acids on P. falciparum growth. Our results indicate that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) inhibit the growth of Plasmodium in proportional to their degree of unsaturation. At higher concentration the PUFA Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) induces pyknotic nuclei in infected erythrocytes. When Plasmodium stages were treated transiently with DHA, the ring stage culture recovered from the drug effect and parasitemia was increased post DHA removal with delayed growth of 12 h, compared to untreated control. Schizont stage treated culture displayed a 36 h delay in growth to infect fresh erythrocytes signifying its recovery is less than the ring stage. However the trophozoite stage failed to recover and showed a decrease in parasitemia, similar to that of continuous treated culture. PUFAs inhibited β- hematin polymerization by binding to free heme derived from hemoglobin degradation. Digestive vacuole neutral lipid bodies, which are pivotal for β- hematin polymerization, decreased and subsequently abrogated with increasing concentration of DHA in trophozoite stage treated culture. Our study concludes that DHA interacts with heme monomers and inhibits the β- hematin polymerization and growth of mature stages i.e., trophozoite and schizont stages of plasmodium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naidu Babu Ommi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Maaged Abdullah
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Lalitha Guruprasad
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Samuel PP, Case DA. Atomistic Simulations of Heme Dissociation Pathways in Human Methemoglobins Reveal Hidden Intermediates. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4093-4107. [PMID: 32945658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heme dissociations disrupt function and structural integrity of human hemoglobin and trigger various cardiovascular complications. These events become significant in methemoglobins that have undergone autoxidation of ferrous into ferric heme. We have structurally characterized the heme disassociation pathways for adult tetrameric methemoglobins using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. These reveal that bis-histidine hemichromes, characterized here by the coordination of heme iron to both the F8 (proximal) and E7 (distal) histidines, are seen as intermediates following dissociation of the water molecule distally bound to each heme iron. Later, the breaking of coordination between heme iron and proximal histidine disrupts the F helix and pushes it away from the heme cavity, enabling both bulk solvent penetration and disruption of tetramer interface interactions. The interactions inhibiting heme dissociation were then seen to be (i) either a direct or a water-molecule-mediated interaction between distal histidine and heme iron and (ii) stacking between heme and the αCE1/βCD1 phenylalanine residue. These interactions are less important in the β than in α subunits due to a more flexible β subunit CE loop region. The absence of a distal histidine interaction in the H(E7)L mutant and increased heme cavity volume in the V(E11)A mutant both promoted heme escape from the protein interior. Adult and fetal hemoglobins were seen to share a general heme disassociation pathway and intermediates due to the conservation of key heme pocket residues. The intermediates seen here are analyzed in light of experimental studies of heme dissociation and pathways of certain hemoglobinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Premila P Samuel
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - David A Case
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gi T, Kuroiwa Y, Yamashita A, Mizutani Y, Asanuma T, Miyati T, Maekawa K, Aman M, Imamura T, Asada Y. High Signal Intensity on Diffusion-Weighted Images Reflects Acute Phase of Deep Vein Thrombus. Thromb Haemost 2020; 120:1463-1473. [PMID: 32746467 PMCID: PMC7511261 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of antithrombotic therapy on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can be affected by thrombus age, which cannot be reliably determined by noninvasive imaging modalities. We investigated whether magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can localize and determine the age of venous thrombus in patients with DVT, animal models, and human blood in vitro. Signal intensity (SI) on DWI and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of thrombi were assessed in eight patients with DVT using a 1.5-T MR imaging (MRI) system. We assessed the organizing processes as venous thrombus developed in the rabbit jugular vein using a 3.0-T MRI system over time. We also assessed MRI signals of human blood in vitro using the 1.5-T MRI system. Venous thrombi were detected by DWI as areas of high or mixed high and iso SI in all patients. The ADCs were lower in the proximal, than in the distal portion of the thrombi. The thrombi of rabbit jugular veins histologically organized in a time-dependent manner, with high SI on DWI at 4 hours, mixed high and iso SI at 1 and 2 weeks, and iso SI at 3 weeks. The ADC correlated negatively with erythrocyte content, and positively with smooth muscle cells, macrophages, hemosiderin, and collagen content. MRI signals of human blood in vitro showed that ADCs were affected by erythrocyte content, but not by blood clotting. MR-DWI can detect venous thrombus, and high SI on DWI accompanied by a low ADC might reflect erythrocyte-rich, acute-phase thrombi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Gi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Kuroiwa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Radiological Technology, Koga General Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Mizutani
- Division of Radiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Asanuma
- Development of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Imabari Campus, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazunari Maekawa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Murasaki Aman
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takuroh Imamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Koga General Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yujiro Asada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kiraga Ł, Cerutti G, Braniewska A, Strzemecki D, Sas Z, Boffi A, Savino C, Montemiglio LC, Turnham D, Seaton G, Bonamore A, Clarkson R, Dabkowski AM, Paisey SJ, Taciak B, Kucharzewska P, Rygiel TP, Król M. Biodistribution PET/CT Study of Hemoglobin-DFO- 89Zr Complex in Healthy and Lung Tumor-Bearing Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144991. [PMID: 32679799 PMCID: PMC7404105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins, as a major component of organisms, are considered the preferred biomaterials for drug delivery vehicles. Hemoglobin (Hb) has been recently rediscovered as a potential drug carrier, but its use for biomedical applications still lacks extensive investigation. To further explore the possibility of utilizing Hb as a potential tumor targeting drug carrier, we examined and compared the biodistribution of Hb in healthy and lung tumor-bearing mice, using for the first time 89Zr labelled Hb in a positron emission tomography (PET) measurement. Hb displays a very high conjugation yield in its fast and selective reaction with the maleimide-deferoxamine (DFO) bifunctional chelator. The high-resolution X-ray structure of the Hb-DFO complex demonstrated that cysteine β93 is the sole attachment moiety to the αβ-protomer of Hb. The Hb-DFO complex shows quantitative uptake of 89Zr in solution as determined by radiochromatography. Injection of 0.03 mg of Hb-DFO-89Zr complex in healthy mice indicates very high radioactivity in liver, followed by spleen and lungs, whereas a threefold increased dosage results in intensification of PET signal in kidneys and decreased signal in liver and spleen. No difference in biodistribution pattern is observed between naïve and tumor-bearing mice. Interestingly, the liver Hb uptake did not decrease upon clodronate-mediated macrophage depletion, indicating that other immune cells contribute to Hb clearance. This finding is of particular interest for rapidly developing clinical immunology and projects aiming to target, label or specifically deliver agents to immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kiraga
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (L.K.); (B.T.); (P.K.)
| | - Gabriele Cerutti
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00-185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Agata Braniewska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (D.S.); (Z.S.); (T.P.R.)
| | - Damian Strzemecki
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (D.S.); (Z.S.); (T.P.R.)
| | - Zuzanna Sas
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (D.S.); (Z.S.); (T.P.R.)
| | - Alberto Boffi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00-185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Carmelinda Savino
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council, 00-185 Rome, Italy; (C.S.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Linda Celeste Montemiglio
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council, 00-185 Rome, Italy; (C.S.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Daniel Turnham
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI), School of Biosciences, Haydn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (D.T.); (G.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Gillian Seaton
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI), School of Biosciences, Haydn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (D.T.); (G.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Alessandra Bonamore
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00-185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Richard Clarkson
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI), School of Biosciences, Haydn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (D.T.); (G.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Adam M. Dabkowski
- Wales Research & Diagnostic PET Imaging Centre (PETIC), School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK; (A.M.D.); (S.J.P.)
| | - Stephen J. Paisey
- Wales Research & Diagnostic PET Imaging Centre (PETIC), School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK; (A.M.D.); (S.J.P.)
| | - Bartłomiej Taciak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (L.K.); (B.T.); (P.K.)
| | - Paulina Kucharzewska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (L.K.); (B.T.); (P.K.)
| | - Tomasz P. Rygiel
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (D.S.); (Z.S.); (T.P.R.)
| | - Magdalena Król
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (L.K.); (B.T.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-59-362-59
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hemoglobin: Some (Dis)Assembly Required. Biophys J 2020; 118:1235-1237. [PMID: 32070479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
11
|
The Interplay between Molten Globules and Heme Disassociation Defines Human Hemoglobin Disassembly. Biophys J 2020; 118:1381-1400. [PMID: 32075750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemoglobin functions as a tetrameric oxygen transport protein, with each subunit containing a heme cofactor. Its denaturation, either in vivo or in vitro, involves autoxidation to methemoglobin, followed by cofactor loss and globin unfolding. We have proposed a global disassembly scheme for human methemoglobin, linking hemin (ferric protoporphyrin IX) disassociation and apoprotein unfolding pathways. The model is based on the evaluation of circular dichroism and visible absorbance measurements of guanidine-hydrochloride-induced disassembly of methemoglobin and previous measurements of apohemoglobin unfolding. The populations of holointermediates and equilibrium disassembly parameters were estimated quantitatively for adult and fetal hemoglobins. The key stages are characterized by hexacoordinated hemichrome intermediates, which are important for preventing hemin disassociation from partially unfolded, molten globular species during early disassembly and late-stage assembly events. Both unfolding experiments and independent small angle x-ray scattering measurements demonstrate that heme disassociation leads to the loss of tetrameric structural integrity. Our model predicts that after autoxidation, dimeric and monomeric hemichrome intermediates occur along the disassembly pathway inside red cells, where the hemoglobin concentration is very high. This prediction suggests why misassembled hemoglobins often get trapped as hemichromes that accumulate into insoluble Heinz bodies in the red cells of patients with unstable hemoglobinopathies. These Heinz bodies become deposited on the cell membranes and can lead to hemolysis. Alternatively, when acellular hemoglobin is diluted into blood plasma after red cell lysis, the disassembly pathway appears to be dominated by early hemin disassociation events, which leads to the generation of higher fractions of unfolded apo subunits and free hemin, which are known to damage the integrity of blood vessel walls. Thus, our model provides explanations of the pathophysiology of hemoglobinopathies and other disease states associated with unstable globins and red cell lysis and also insights into the factors governing hemoglobin assembly during erythropoiesis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ligand-dependent inequivalence of the α and β subunits of ferric human hemoglobin bound to haptoglobin. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 202:110814. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Gianquinto E, Moscetti I, De Bei O, Campanini B, Marchetti M, Luque FJ, Cannistraro S, Ronda L, Bizzarri AR, Spyrakis F, Bettati S. Interaction of human hemoglobin and semi-hemoglobins with the Staphylococcus aureus hemophore IsdB: a kinetic and mechanistic insight. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18629. [PMID: 31819099 PMCID: PMC6901573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among multidrug-resistant bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is emerging as one of the most threatening pathogens. S. aureus exploits different mechanisms for its iron supply, but the preferred one is acquisition of organic iron through the expression of hemoglobin (Hb) receptors. One of these, IsdB, belonging to the Isd (Iron-Regulated Surface Determinant) system, was shown to be essential for bacterial growth and virulence. Therefore, interaction of IsdB with Hb represents a promising target for the rational design of a new class of antibacterial molecules. However, despite recent investigations, many structural and mechanistic details of complex formation and heme extraction process are still elusive. By combining site-directed mutagenesis, absorption spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance and molecular dynamics simulations, we tackled most of the so far unanswered questions: (i) the exact complex stoichiometry, (ii) the microscopic kinetic rates of complex formation, (iii) the IsdB selectivity for binding to, and extracting heme from, α and β subunits of Hb, iv) the role of specific amino acid residues and structural regions in driving complex formation and heme transfer, and (v) the structural/dynamic effect played by the hemophore on Hb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Gianquinto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Ilaria Moscetti
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy
| | - Omar De Bei
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Barbara Campanini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy.,Interdepartment Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Marialaura Marchetti
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy.,Interdepartment Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - F Javier Luque
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
| | - Salvatore Cannistraro
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy
| | - Luca Ronda
- Interdepartment Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, 43126, Italy.,Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bizzarri
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy.
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy.
| | - Stefano Bettati
- Interdepartment Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy. .,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, 43126, Italy. .,Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, 56124, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Svistunenko DA, Manole A. Tyrosyl radical in haemoglobin and haptoglobin-haemoglobin complex: how does haptoglobin make haemoglobin less toxic? J Biomed Res 2019; 34:281-291. [PMID: 32475850 PMCID: PMC7386409 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.33.20180084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the difficulties in creating a blood substitute on the basis of human haemoglobin (Hb) is the toxic nature of Hb when it is outside the safe environment of the red blood cells. The plasma protein haptoglobin (Hp) takes care of the Hb physiologically leaked into the plasma – it binds Hb and makes it much less toxic while retaining the Hb's high oxygen transporting capacity. We used Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to show that the protein bound radical induced by H2O2 in Hb and Hp-Hb complex is formed on the same tyrosine residue(s), but, in the complex, the radical is found in a more hydrophobic environment and decays slower than in unbound Hb, thus mitigating its oxidative capacity. The data obtained in this study might set new directions in engineering blood substitutes for transfusion that would have the oxygen transporting efficiency typical of Hb, but which would be non-toxic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A Svistunenko
- Biomedical EPR Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Andreea Manole
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crystal structure of the ferric homotetrameric β 4 human hemoglobin. Biophys Chem 2018; 240:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Terrell JR, Gumpper RH, Luo M. Hemoglobin crystals immersed in liquid oxygen reveal diffusion channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1858-1863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Marzec KM, Dybas J, Chlopicki S, Baranska M. Resonance Raman in Vitro Detection and Differentiation of the Nitrite-Induced Hemoglobin Adducts in Functional Human Red Blood Cells. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12249-12260. [PMID: 27934219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work presents in vitro studies of the functional, isolated human red blood cells (RBCs) treated with various concentrations of Na14NO2 and Na15NO2 with the use of resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) at two different laser excitations supported by absorption spectrophotometry (UV-vis). The products of the reaction between oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) in isolated RBCs with NaNO2 were analyzed and identified in situ. The metHb-H2O was found to be the major product of this reaction; however, additional adducts were also clearly observed. Vibrational analysis allowed identification of various Hb3+NO2 species (Fe3+-O-N=O with O-binding mode of nitrite ion to the Fe3+ core and nitrovinyl adducts with 2-vinyl nitration favored over 4-vinyl nitration) as well as the Fe3+-NO adduct. In addition, we were able to visualize in situ the Hb-NO2 species inside functional RBCs with the use of Raman imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Marzec
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University , Bobrzynskiego 14, Krakow 30-348, Poland
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University , Bobrzynskiego 14, Krakow 30-348, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, Krakow 30-060, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University , Bobrzynskiego 14, Krakow 30-348, Poland.,Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Grzegorzecka 16, Krakow 31-531, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University , Bobrzynskiego 14, Krakow 30-348, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, Krakow 30-060, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sousa ACCD, Viana GM, Diaz NC, Rezende MG, Oliveira FFD, Nunes RP, Pereira MF, Areas ALL, Zalis MG, Frutuoso VDS, Faria HCDC, Domingos TFS, Pádula MD, Cabral LM, Rodrigues CR. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of New Fluoroamodiaquine Analogues. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:594-601. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Corrêa de Sousa
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Industrial Farmacêutica (LabTIF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Gil Mendes Viana
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Industrial Farmacêutica (LabTIF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Nuria Cirauqui Diaz
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Marianne Grilo Rezende
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Industrial Farmacêutica (LabTIF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Filipe Fernandes de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Industrial Farmacêutica (LabTIF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Raquel Pinto Nunes
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Monica Farah Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
- Laboratório de Infectologia e Parasitologia Molecular, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - André Luiz Lisboa Areas
- Laboratório de Infectologia e Parasitologia Molecular, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Marianos Gustavo Zalis
- Laboratório de Infectologia e Parasitologia Molecular, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | | | | | - Thaisa Francielle Souza Domingos
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Avaliação Genotóxica (LAMIAG), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Marcelo de Pádula
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Avaliação Genotóxica (LAMIAG), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Industrial Farmacêutica (LabTIF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Carlos Rangel Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Sousa ACC, Diaz NC, de Souza AMT, Cabral LM, Castro HC, Albuquerque MG, Rodrigues CR. Molecular modeling study of a series of amodiaquine analogues with antimalarial activity. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
20
|
Dickson CF, Jacques DA, Clubb RT, Guss JM, Gell DA. The structure of haemoglobin bound to the haemoglobin receptor IsdH from Staphylococcus aureus shows disruption of the native α-globin haem pocket. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:1295-306. [PMID: 26057669 PMCID: PMC8518021 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715005817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common and serious cause of infection in humans. The bacterium expresses a cell-surface receptor that binds to, and strips haem from, human haemoglobin (Hb). The binding interface has previously been identified; however, the structural changes that promote haem release from haemoglobin were unknown. Here, the structure of the receptor-Hb complex is reported at 2.6 Å resolution, which reveals a conformational change in the α-globin F helix that disrupts the haem-pocket structure and alters the Hb quaternary interactions. These features suggest potential mechanisms by which the S. aureus Hb receptor induces haem release from Hb.
Collapse
|
21
|
Strader MB, Hicks WA, Kassa T, Singleton E, Soman J, Olson JS, Weiss MJ, Mollan TL, Wilson MT, Alayash AI. Post-translational transformation of methionine to aspartate is catalyzed by heme iron and driven by peroxide: a novel subunit-specific mechanism in hemoglobin. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22342-57. [PMID: 24939847 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.568980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A pathogenic V67M mutation occurs at the E11 helical position within the heme pockets of variant human fetal and adult hemoglobins (Hb). Subsequent post-translational modification of Met to Asp was reported in γ subunits of human fetal Hb Toms River (γ67(E11)Val → Met) and β subunits of adult Hb (HbA) Bristol-Alesha (β67(E11)Val → Met) that were associated with hemolytic anemia. Using kinetic, proteomic, and crystal structural analysis, we were able to show that the Met → Asp transformation involves heme cycling through its oxoferryl state in the recombinant versions of both proteins. The conversion to Met and Asp enhanced the spontaneous autoxidation of the mutants relative to wild-type HbA and human fetal Hb, and the levels of Asp were elevated with increasing levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Using H2(18)O2, we verified incorporation of (18)O into the Asp carboxyl side chain confirming the role of H2O2 in the oxidation of the Met side chain. Under similar experimental conditions, there was no conversion to Asp at the αMet(E11) position in the corresponding HbA Evans (α62(E11)Val → Met). The crystal structures of the three recombinant Met(E11) mutants revealed similar thioether side chain orientations. However, as in the solution experiments, autoxidation of the Hb mutant crystals leads to electron density maps indicative of Asp(E11) formation in β subunits but not in α subunits. This novel post-translational modification highlights the nonequivalence of human Hb α, β, and γ subunits with respect to redox reactivity and may have direct implications to α/β hemoglobinopathies and design of oxidatively stable Hb-based oxygen therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brad Strader
- From the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Wayne A Hicks
- From the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Tigist Kassa
- From the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Eileen Singleton
- the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Jayashree Soman
- the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - John S Olson
- the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Mitchell J Weiss
- the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Todd L Mollan
- From the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Michael T Wilson
- the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Abdu I Alayash
- From the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yi J, Soares AS, Richter-Addo GB. Crystallographic characterization of the nitric oxide derivative of R-state human hemoglobin. Nitric Oxide 2014; 39:46-50. [PMID: 24769418 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling agent that is biosynthesized in vivo. NO binds to the heme center in human hemoglobin (Hb) to form the HbNO adduct. This reaction of NO with Hb has been studied for many decades. Of continued interest has been the effect that the bound NO ligand has on the geometrical parameters of the resulting heme-NO active site. Although the crystal structure of a T-state human HbNO complex has been published previously, that of the high affinity R-state HbNO derivative has not been reported to date. We have crystallized and solved the three-dimensional X-ray structure of R-state human HbNO to 1.90 Å resolution. The differences in the FeNO bond parameters and H-bonding patterns between the α and β subunits contribute to understanding of the observed enhanced stability of the α(FeNO) moieties relative to the β(FeNO) moieties in human R-state HbNO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Alexei S Soares
- Macromolecular Crystallography Research Resource, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - George B Richter-Addo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dickson CF, Kumar KK, Jacques DA, Malmirchegini GR, Spirig T, Mackay JP, Clubb RT, Guss JM, Gell DA. Structure of the hemoglobin-IsdH complex reveals the molecular basis of iron capture by Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6728-6738. [PMID: 24425866 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.545566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes life-threatening disease in humans. The S. aureus surface protein iron-regulated surface determinant H (IsdH) binds to mammalian hemoglobin (Hb) and extracts heme as a source of iron, which is an essential nutrient for the bacteria. However, the process of heme transfer from Hb is poorly understood. We have determined the structure of IsdH bound to human Hb by x-ray crystallography at 4.2 Å resolution, revealing the structural basis for heme transfer. One IsdH molecule is bound to each α and β Hb subunit, suggesting that the receptor acquires iron from both chains by a similar mechanism. Remarkably, two near iron transporter (NEAT) domains in IsdH perform very different functions. An N-terminal NEAT domain binds α/β globin through a site distant from the globin heme pocket and, via an intervening structural domain, positions the C-terminal heme-binding NEAT domain perfectly for heme transfer. These data, together with a 2.3 Å resolution crystal structure of the isolated N-terminal domain bound to Hb and small-angle x-ray scattering of free IsdH, reveal how multiple domains of IsdH cooperate to strip heme from Hb. Many bacterial pathogens obtain iron from human hemoglobin using proteins that contain multiple NEAT domains and other domains whose functions are poorly understood. Our results suggest that, rather than acting as isolated units, NEAT domains may be integrated into higher order architectures that employ multiple interaction interfaces to efficiently extract heme from host proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire F Dickson
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Kaavya Krishna Kumar
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - David A Jacques
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Spirig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Joel P Mackay
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Robert T Clubb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Mitchell Guss
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - David A Gell
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gherasim C, Yadav PK, Kabil O, Niu WN, Banerjee R. Nitrite reductase activity and inhibition of H₂S biogenesis by human cystathionine ß-synthase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85544. [PMID: 24416422 PMCID: PMC3885727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrite was recognized as a potent vasodilator >130 years and has more recently emerged as an endogenous signaling molecule and modulator of gene expression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate nitrite metabolism is essential for its use as a potential diagnostic marker as well as therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we have identified human cystathionine ß-synthase (CBS) as a new player in nitrite reduction with implications for the nitrite-dependent control of H2S production. This novel activity of CBS exploits the catalytic property of its unusual heme cofactor to reduce nitrite and generate NO. Evidence for the possible physiological relevance of this reaction is provided by the formation of ferrous-nitrosyl (FeII-NO) CBS in the presence of NADPH, the human diflavin methionine synthase reductase (MSR) and nitrite. Formation of FeII-NO CBS via its nitrite reductase activity inhibits CBS, providing an avenue for regulating biogenesis of H2S and cysteine, the limiting reagent for synthesis of glutathione, a major antioxidant. Our results also suggest a possible role for CBS in intracellular NO biogenesis particularly under hypoxic conditions. The participation of a regulatory heme cofactor in CBS in nitrite reduction is unexpected and expands the repertoire of proteins that can liberate NO from the intracellular nitrite pool. Our results reveal a potential molecular mechanism for cross-talk between nitrite, NO and H2S biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Gherasim
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pramod K. Yadav
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Omer Kabil
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Wei-Ning Niu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mandal SS, Nagarajan B, Amenitsch H, Bhattacharyya AJ. Probing hemoglobin confinement inside submicron silica tubes using synchrotron SAXS and electrochemical response. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2013; 42:371-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-013-0886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
26
|
Yi J, Thomas LM, Musayev FN, Safo MK, Richter-Addo GB. Crystallographic trapping of heme loss intermediates during the nitrite-induced degradation of human hemoglobin. Biochemistry 2011; 50:8323-32. [PMID: 21863786 DOI: 10.1021/bi2009322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heme is an important cofactor in a large number of essential proteins and is often involved in small molecule binding and activation. Loss of heme from proteins thus negatively affects the function of these proteins but is also an important component of iron recycling. The characterization of intermediates that form during the loss of heme from proteins has been problematic, in a large part, because of the instability of such intermediates. We have characterized, by X-ray crystallography, three compounds that form during the nitrite-induced degradation of human α(2)β(2) hemoglobin (Hb). The first is an unprecedented complex that exhibits a large β heme displacement of 4.8 Å toward the protein exterior; the heme displacement is stabilized by the binding of the distal His residue to the heme Fe, which in turn allows for the unusual binding of an exogenous ligand on the proximal face of the heme. We have also structurally characterized complexes that display regiospecific nitration of the heme at the 2-vinyl position; we show that heme nitration is not a prerequisite for heme loss. Our results provide structural insight into a possible pathway for nitrite-induced loss of heme from human Hb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|