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Okeil S, Rabet S, Valadez Huerta G, Raabe G, Garnweitner G. Understanding the Role of Solvent on the Growth of Zinc Oxide: Insight from Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39225692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of nanoparticles with tailored shapes and morphologies has garnered significant attention, driven by the ever-growing demand for advanced materials with defined properties. In nanoparticle formation, various parameters influence the final product, and among these, the solvent plays a pivotal role, as it constitutes the major component of the reaction medium. In this work, the critical role of solvents in controlling the growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was investigated, with a focus on simple primary alcoholic solvents as the reaction medium. A model reaction based on the direct solvolysis of anhydrous zinc acetylacetonate was employed to probe the influence of different primary alcohols, specifically methanol, ethanol, and their mixture. A substantial difference in the preferential growth direction of the ZnO nanocrystals in methanol and ethanol was observed through XRD and was further proven through TEM. Thereby, in ethanol, a preferential growth in the [001] direction was observed, resulting in short nanorods as primary particles, while this growth was inhibited in methanol, leading to platelet- or sheet-like primary particles. To unravel the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed solvent-dependent variations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed using an optimized interface force field to model the ZnO-alcohol interaction. These simulations provide valuable insights into the preferential adsorption of the solvent molecules onto the polar (0001) and (0001̅) and nonpolar (101̅0) ZnO surfaces, shedding light on the fundamental interactions driving the shape control phenomenon. Essentially, the experimental observations on primary particle morphology could be explained well by the adsorption behavior determined by the MD simulations. Furthermore, this report provides an extensive comparison with various similar reaction systems for ZnO synthesis, deriving correlations with the findings from the model system. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between solvent properties and nanoparticle growth, offering a valuable toolkit for designing and optimizing the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with specific shapes and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Okeil
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Sahar Rabet
- Institut für Thermodynamik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 5, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gerardo Valadez Huerta
- Center for Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Gabriele Raabe
- Institut für Thermodynamik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Str. 5, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Georg Garnweitner
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
- Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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2
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Rekhtina M, Bugaev A, Dunstan MT, Dal Pozzo A, Nadjafi M, Borca C, Huthwelker T, Abdala PM, Müller CR. Probing the Local Structure of Na in NaNO 3-Promoted, MgO-Based CO 2 Sorbents via X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:10060-10069. [PMID: 38107192 PMCID: PMC10720340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
This work provides insight into the local structure of Na in MgO-based CO2 sorbents that are promoted with NaNO3. To this end, we use X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Na K-edge to interrogate the local structure of Na during the CO2 capture (MgO + CO2 ↔ MgCO3). The analysis of Na K-edge XAS data shows that the local environment of Na is altered upon MgO carbonation when compared to that of NaNO3 in the as-prepared sorbent. We attribute the changes observed in the carbonated sorbent to an alteration in the local structure of Na at the NaNO3/MgCO3 interfaces and/or in the vicinity of [Mg2+···CO32-] ionic pairs that are trapped in the cooled NaNO3 melt. The changes observed are reversible, i.e., the local environment of NaNO3 was restored after a regeneration treatment to decompose MgCO3 to MgO. The ex situ Na K-edge XAS experiments were complemented by ex situ magic-angle spinning 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS 23Na NMR), Mg K-edge XAS and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). These additional experiments support our interpretation of the Na K-edge XAS data. Furthermore, we develop in situ Na (and Mg) K-edge XAS experiments during the carbonation of the sorbent (NaNO3 is molten under the conditions of the in situ experiments). These in situ Na K-edge XANES spectra of molten NaNO3 open new opportunities to investigate the atomic scale structure of CO2 sorbents modified with Na-based molten salts by using XAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Rekhtina
- Laboratory
of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aram Bugaev
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Matthew T. Dunstan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Alessandro Dal Pozzo
- Laboratory
of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
of Industrial Safety and Environmental Sustainability, Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Alma
Mater, Studiorum—Università
di Bologna, Via Terracini
28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manouchehr Nadjafi
- Laboratory
of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Camelia Borca
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Huthwelker
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Paula M. Abdala
- Laboratory
of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph R. Müller
- Laboratory
of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process
Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Youden B, Jiang R, Carrier AJ, Servos MR, Zhang X. A Nanomedicine Structure-Activity Framework for Research, Development, and Regulation of Future Cancer Therapies. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17497-17551. [PMID: 36322785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite their clinical success in drug delivery applications, the potential of theranostic nanomedicines is hampered by mechanistic uncertainty and a lack of science-informed regulatory guidance. Both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of nanoformulations are tightly controlled by the complex interplay of the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and the individual patient/tumor biology; however, it can be difficult to correlate such information with observed outcomes. Additionally, as nanomedicine research attempts to gradually move away from large-scale animal testing, the need for computer-assisted solutions for evaluation will increase. Such models will depend on a clear understanding of structure-activity relationships. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field of cancer nanomedicine and provides a knowledge framework and foundational interaction maps that can facilitate future research, assessments, and regulation. By forming three complementary maps profiling nanobio interactions and pathways at different levels of biological complexity, a clear picture of a nanoparticle's journey through the body and the therapeutic and adverse consequences of each potential interaction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Youden
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Runqing Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1G3, Canada
| | - Andrew J Carrier
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
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4
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Bimetallic Copper/Ruthenium/Osmium Complexes: Observation of Conformational Differences Between the Solution Phase and Solid State by Atomic Pair Distribution Function Analysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Terban MW, Billinge SJL. Structural Analysis of Molecular Materials Using the Pair Distribution Function. Chem Rev 2022; 122:1208-1272. [PMID: 34788012 PMCID: PMC8759070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This is a review of atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis as applied to the study of molecular materials. The PDF method is a powerful approach to study short- and intermediate-range order in materials on the nanoscale. It may be obtained from total scattering measurements using X-rays, neutrons, or electrons, and it provides structural details when defects, disorder, or structural ambiguities obscure their elucidation directly in reciprocal space. While its uses in the study of inorganic crystals, glasses, and nanomaterials have been recently highlighted, significant progress has also been made in its application to molecular materials such as carbons, pharmaceuticals, polymers, liquids, coordination compounds, composites, and more. Here, an overview of applications toward a wide variety of molecular compounds (organic and inorganic) and systems with molecular components is presented. We then present pedagogical descriptions and tips for further implementation. Successful utilization of the method requires an interdisciplinary consolidation of material preparation, high quality scattering experimentation, data processing, model formulation, and attentive scrutiny of the results. It is hoped that this article will provide a useful reference to practitioners for PDF applications in a wide realm of molecular sciences, and help new practitioners to get started with this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell W. Terban
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon J. L. Billinge
- Department
of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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6
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Xie ZL, Liu X, Valentine AJS, Lynch VM, Tiede DM, Li X, Mulfort KL. Bimetallic Copper/Ruthenium/Osmium Complexes: Observation of Conformational Differences Between the Solution Phase and Solid State by Atomic Pair Distribution Function Analysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111764. [PMID: 34788495 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
High-energy X-ray scattering and pair distribution function analysis (HEXS/PDF) is a powerful method to reveal the structure of materials lacking long-range order, but is underutilized for molecular complexes in solution. We demonstrate the application of HEXS/PDF with 0.26 Å resolution to uncover the solution structure of five bimetallic CuI /RuII /OsII complexes. HEXS/PDF of each complex in acetonitrile solution confirms the pairwise distances in the local coordination sphere of each metal center as well as the metal⋅⋅⋅metal distances separated by over 12 Å. The metal⋅⋅⋅metal distance detected in solution is compared with that from the crystal structure and molecular models to confirm that distortions to the metal bridging ligand are unique to the solid state. This work presents the first example of observing sub-Ångström conformational differences by direct comparison of solution phase and solid-state structures and shows the potential for HEXS/PDF in the determination of solution structure of single molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Lin Xie
- Division of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Andrew J S Valentine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24TH ST., Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - David M Tiede
- Division of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Karen L Mulfort
- Division of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
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7
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Tandiana R, Brun E, Sicard-Roselli C, Domin D, Van-Oanh NT, Clavaguéra C. Probing the structural properties of the water solvation shell around gold nanoparticles: A computational study. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:044706. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0037551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rika Tandiana
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Emilie Brun
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cécile Sicard-Roselli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Dominik Domin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nguyen-Thi Van-Oanh
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405 Orsay, France
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8
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Guerreiro A, Chatterton N, Crabb EM, Golding JP. A comparison of the radiosensitisation ability of 22 different element metal oxide nanoparticles using clinical megavoltage X-rays. Cancer Nanotechnol 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-019-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A wide range of nanoparticles (NPs), composed of different elements and their compounds, are being developed by several groups as possible radiosensitisers, with some already in clinical trials. However, no systematic experimental survey of the clinical X-ray radiosensitising potential of different element nanoparticles has been made. Here, we directly compare the irradiation-induced (10 Gy of 6-MV X-ray photon) production of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals and singlet oxygen in aqueous solutions of the following metal oxide nanoparticles: Al2O3, SiO2, Sc2O3, TiO2, V2O5, Cr2O3, MnO2, Fe3O4, CoO, NiO, CuO, ZnO, ZrO2, MoO3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3, Tb4O7, Dy2O3, Er2O3 and HfO2. We also examine DNA damage due to these NPs in unirradiated and irradiated conditions.
Results
Without any X-rays, several NPs produced more radicals than water alone. Thus, V2O5 NPs produced around 5-times more hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals. MnO2 NPs produced around 10-times more superoxide anions and Tb4O7 produced around 3-times more singlet oxygen. Lanthanides produce fewer hydroxyl radicals than water. Following irradiation, V2O5 NPs produced nearly 10-times more hydroxyl radicals than water. Changes in radical concentrations were determined by subtracting unirradiated values from irradiated values. These were then compared with irradiation-induced changes in water only. Irradiation-specific increases in hydroxyl radical were seen with most NPs, but these were only significantly above the values of water for V2O5, while the Lanthanides showed irradiation-specific decreases in hydroxyl radical, compared to water. Only TiO2 showed a trend of irradiation-specific increase in superoxides, while V2O5, MnO2, CoO, CuO, MoO3 and Tb4O7 all demonstrated significant irradiation-specific decreases in superoxide, compared to water. No irradiation-specific increases in singlet oxygen were seen, but V2O5, NiO, CuO, MoO3 and the lanthanides demonstrated irradiation-specific decreases in singlet oxygen, compared to water. MoO3 and CuO produced DNA damage in the absence of radiation, while the highest irradiation-specific DNA damage was observed with CuO. In contrast, MnO2, Fe3O4 and CoO were slightly protective against irradiation-induced DNA damage.
Conclusions
Beyond identifying promising metal oxide NP radiosensitisers and radioprotectors, our broad comparisons reveal unexpected differences that suggest the surface chemistry of NP radiosensitisers is an important criterion for their success.
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9
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Noy JM, Cao C, Stenzel M. Length of the Stabilizing Zwitterionic Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorycholine) Block Influences the Activity of the Conjugated Arsenic Drug in Drug-Directed Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly Particles. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:57-63. [PMID: 35619410 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorycholine-co-PENAO)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) core-shell nanoparticles which carry different chain lengths of zwitterionic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorycholine (MPC) on a nanoparticle surface. The particles, 30-40 nm in size, were readily obtained by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) of the corresponding arsenic-based MPC polymers as the stabilizer block and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the core-forming block. Zwitterionic nanoparticles are ideal candidates for protein-repellent materials. Herein, we show how the decrease of zwitterionic chain lengths tunes the reactivity and cytotoxicity of the organoarsenical anticancer drug PENAO (4-(N-(S-penicillaminylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid). More cytotoxic (5-fold) nanoparticles were obtained when the MPC chain lengths were condensed from 37 to 13 repeating units. To gain a better understanding of the behavior of the drug-directed PISA particles, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were conducted, evidencing that having PENAO located in the hydrophilic building block indeed influences the physiochemical micelle structure in terms of core radius (rcore), SLD, shell thickness, and aggregation number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina-Miriam Noy
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cheng Cao
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina Stenzel
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Beyerlein KR, Scardi P. Simulating the diffraction line profile from nanocrystalline powders using a spherical harmonics expansion. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES 2018; 74:640-646. [PMID: 30378575 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273318011452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An accurate description of the diffraction line profile from nanocrystalline powders can be obtained by a spherical harmonics expansion of the profile function. The procedure outlined in this work is found to be computationally efficient and applicable to the line profile for any crystallite shape and size. Practical examples of the diffraction pattern peak profiles resulting from cubic crystallites between 1 and 100 nm in size are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Beyerlein
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg, 22761, Germany
| | - P Scardi
- Department of Civil, Environment and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, Trento, Trento 38123, Italy
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11
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Gilles M, Brun E, Sicard-Roselli C. Quantification of hydroxyl radicals and solvated electrons produced by irradiated gold nanoparticles suggests a crucial role of interfacial water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 525:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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