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Karlsson AW, Kragh-Sørensen A, Børgesen K, Behrens KE, Andersen T, Kidholm ML, Rothmann MJ, Ketelaar M, Janssens A. Roles, outcomes, and enablers within research partnerships: A rapid review of the literature on patient and public involvement and engagement in health research. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:43. [PMID: 37322525 PMCID: PMC10268359 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies mention a need to investigate partnership roles and dynamics within patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in health research, and how impact and outcomes are achieved. Many labels exist to describe involvement processes, but it is unknown whether the label has implications on partnerships and outcomes. This rapid review investigates how roles between patients, relatives and researchers in a broad variety of PPIE activities in health research are described in peer reviewed papers and explores what enables these partnerships. METHODS Rapid review of articles published between 2012 and February 2022 describing, evaluating, or reflecting on experiences of PPIE in health research. All research disciplines and research areas were eligible. Four databases (Medline, Embase, PsychInfo and CINAHL) were searched between November 2021 and February 2022. We followed PRISMA guidelines and extracted descriptive factors: year, origin, research area and discipline, study focus, framework used and co-authorship. On a selection of articles, we performed a narrative analysis of partnership roles using Smits et al.'s. Involvement Matrix. Lastly, we performed a meta synthesis of reported enablers and outcomes of the partnerships. Patients and Relatives (PRs) have been involved in the whole rapid review process and are co-authors of this article. RESULTS Seventy articles from various research disciplines and areas were included. Forty articles were selected for a narrative analysis of the role description of PRs and researchers, and a meta synthesis of enablers and outcomes. Most articles described researchers as decision-makers throughout the research cycle. PRs most often were partners when they were included as co-authors; they were mostly partners in the design, analysis, write-up, and dissemination stages. Enablers of partnerships included: PR training, personality of PRs and communication skills, trust, remuneration and time. CONCLUSIONS Researchers' decision-making roles gives them control of where and when to include PRs in their projects. Co-authorship is a way of acknowledging patients' contributions which may lead to legitimation of their knowledge and the partnership. Authors describe common enablers, which can help future partnership formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wettergren Karlsson
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne Kragh-Sørensen
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Børgesen
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karsten Erik Behrens
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben Andersen
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maiken Langhoff Kidholm
- Department of Public Health, User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mette Juel Rothmann
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Center for Innovative Medical Innovation, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Janssens
- Bioethics and Health Humanities, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Research with Patients and Relatives, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
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Walsh CM, Jones NL, McCreath GA, Connan V, Pires L, Abuloghod L, Buchanan F, Macarthur C. Codevelopment and usability testing of Patient Engagement 101: a Patient-Oriented Research Curriculum in Child Health e-learning module for health care professionals, researchers and trainees. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E872-E881. [PMID: 36195343 PMCID: PMC9544233 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and family engagement is thought to improve the quality and relevance of child health research. We developed and evaluated the usability of Patient Engagement 101, an e-learning module designed to strengthen the patient-oriented research readiness of health care professionals, researchers, trainees and other stakeholders. METHODS The development of Patient Engagement 101 was co-led by a parent and a researcher and overseen by a diverse multistake-holder steering committee. The module was refined and evaluated using a mixed-methods usability testing approach with 2 iterative cycles of semistructured interviews, observations and questionnaires. We collected module feedback by way of semistructured interviews, the validated System Usability Scale, and satisfaction, knowledge and confidence questionnaires. Thematic coding of transcripts and field notes, informed by team discussions, guided the module revisions. RESULTS Thirty end-users completed usability testing (15 per cycle). In each cycle, we modified the module with respect to its content, learner experience, learner-centred design and aesthetic design. Participants were highly satisfied, and System Usability Scale scores indicated the module had the best imaginable usability. Substantial increases in the participants' knowledge test scores and the confidence to engage in patient-oriented research, but not self-rated knowledge, were observed after module completion. INTERPRETATION Codevelopment with patients and caregivers, and refinement through comprehensive end-user testing, resulted in a training resource with exceptional usability that improved knowledge and confidence to engage in patient-oriented research in child health. Patient Engagement 101 is openly available online, and the methods used to develop and evaluate it may facilitate the creation and evaluation of similar capacity-building resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine M Walsh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Graham A McCreath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Veronik Connan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Linda Pires
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Lama Abuloghod
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Francine Buchanan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Colin Macarthur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
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Abayneh S, Lempp H, Rai S, Girma E, Getachew M, Alem A, Kohrt BA, Hanlon C. Empowerment training to support service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in rural Ethiopia: a mixed-methods pilot study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:880. [PMID: 35799252 PMCID: PMC9264546 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased service user involvement is recommended to improve weak mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, involvement is rarely implemented and interventions to support involvement are sparse. In this study we evaluated the acceptability, feasibility and perceived outcomes of an empowerment and training program for service users and health professionals to facilitate service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in rural Ethiopia. METHODS REducing Stigma among HealthcAreProvidErs (RESHAPE) is a training curriculum for service users, their caregivers and aspirational health workers, which uses PhotoVoice methodology, to prepare them in participation of mental health systems strengthening in LMICs. We delivered the RESHAPE training augmented with empowerment content developed in Ethiopia. The interactive face-to-face training was delivered to service users and caregivers (over 10 days), and health professionals (1 day) separately. The study was an uncontrolled, convergent mixed-methods design. The quantitative data consisted of process data, satisfaction questionnaire, and a retrospective pre-test survey. Qualitative data included exit and follow-up in-depth interviews with the service users. Descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative data, and qualitative data were thematically analysed. The findings were integrated through triangulation for convergent themes following analysis. RESULTS Twelve service users, 12 caregivers and 18 health professionals were enrolled, and completed the training. Participants valued the content and delivery process; the standard of the training program met their expectations and participation led to positive gains in understanding about mental illness, stigma, service-user involvement and human rights. The qualitative findings identified positive impacts, including increased self-confidence, sense of empowerment, social - and perceived therapeutic benefits. CONCLUSIONS We found that the RESHAPE training with added content for Ethiopia, delivered using the PhotoVoice methodology, is feasible, acceptable and of value to develop and implement training programmes which can empower service users to be involved in mental health system strengthening in this setting. Further study to assess the impact on health systems strengthening is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Abayneh
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Madda Walabu University College of Education and Behavoural Studies, Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Heidi Lempp
- Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Weston Education Centre 10, Cutcombe Rd., London, SE5 9RJ UK
| | - Sauharda Rai
- Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Eshetu Girma
- Depatment of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Medhanit Getachew
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Atalay Alem
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Brandon A. Kohrt
- Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
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