1
|
Levi-Belz Y, Blank C, Groweiss Y, Neria Y. The impact of potentially morally injurious experience of betrayal on PTSD and depression following the October 7th terror attack. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18021. [PMID: 39098963 PMCID: PMC11298528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69035-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With about 1200 individuals murdered, the massacre of October 7th was one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in modern history. The mental health consequences of terrorist attacks have been documented. However, little is known of the impact of the potentially morally injurious experience (PMIE) of betrayal--in which individuals feel betrayed by leaders they once trusted--on levels of psychological burden in the aftermath of such an attack. In this national prospective cohort study, we examined to what extent the PMIE of betrayal exacerbates the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in the wake of the October 7th terrorist attack. A representative sample of 710 Israeli adults (362 female, 51.1%), Jews (557, 79.9%) and Arabs (153, 20.1%), aged 18-85 (M = 41.01, SD = 13.72) completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing PTSD, depression, and PMIE-betrayal at two timepoints: T1, in August 2023 (6-7 weeks before the attack) and T2, in November 2023 (5-6 weeks after the attack). In two hierarchical logistic regressions, we found that experience of PMIE-betrayal predicted diagnoses of both PTSD (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.26-2.92) and depression (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.37-3.01) at T2, beyond probable PTSD/depression at T1 and demographic and trauma-related variables. Moreover, in two repeated-measure analyses predicting PTSD/depression symptoms, we found significant interactions between PTSD/depression trajectories and PMIE-betrayal, meaning that the increase of PTSD/depression symptoms was significantly higher among participants experiencing betrayal in the context of the attack. Our study highlights the impact of PMIE of betrayal on the dramatic increase in psychopathology following the October 7th terror attack on Israel's population. Clinicians treating individuals coping with PTSD and depression should attend to their patients' possible exposure to betrayal following the attack. Moreover, national leaders and policymakers should take significant steps to repair the public's betrayal experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Levi-Belz
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, 40250, Emek Hefer, Israel.
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.
| | - Carmel Blank
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, 40250, Emek Hefer, Israel
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Yoav Groweiss
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, 40250, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Yuval Neria
- Department of Psychiatry and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Durazzo TC, Humphreys K, LaRocca MA. Leadership Styles Experienced During Military Service Predict Later Anhedonic Depressive Symptoms and Self-Efficacy in Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorder. Mil Med 2024; 189:e1064-e1071. [PMID: 37897693 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifetime and past-year alcohol use disorder (AUD) prevalence is significantly higher in US Armed Services Veterans than in non-veterans across adulthood. This study examined the associations of perceived transformational leadership styles (TLS) experienced during military service and anhedonic depression and self-efficacy related to confidence to abstain or reduce alcohol consumption in Veterans seeking treatment for AUD. The ramifications of perceived leadership styles on multiple aspects of follower psychiatric functioning, including depressive and PTSD symptomatology, during and after military service, may be substantial and enduring. Higher anhedonic depression and lower abstinence self-efficacy are related to increased risk of relapse after treatment. We predicted Veterans, in treatment for AUD, who reported higher perceived levels of transformational leadership during military service, demonstrate lower anhedonic depressive symptoms and higher alcohol abstinence self-efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Veterans with AUD (n = 60; 50 ± 14 years of age) were recruited from residential treatment at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. All procedures were approved by the VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University institutional review boards. A series of mediation analyses were completed with The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measures of TLS (average across leadership measures [transformational leadership average; TLS average]) as predictor and the Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale, Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire, anhedonic depression subscale, as dependent measures. PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score was tested as a mediator variable. RESULTS Higher reported perceived TLS average during military service was significantly related to lower anhedonic depressive symptoms. Higher TLS average was related to higher self-efficacy to resist alcohol use in contexts involving experience of physical issues and withdrawal/cravings and urges. These relationships were not mediated by PTSD symptomatology or duration of military service, age, education, time since military service, military branch, combat exposure, or current psychiatric diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The significant associations of perceived TLS during military service with anhedonic depression and alcohol use self-efficacy are clinically relevant because these measures are associated with relapse risk after AUD treatment. Further study of the implications of perceived TLS during military service for AUD and other substance use disorder treatment outcome is warranted in Veterans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Durazzo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine,Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Mental Illness Research and Clinical Centers (TCD), Center for Innovation to Implementation (KH), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- 297th Medical Company Area Support, California Army National Guard, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine,Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Mental Illness Research and Clinical Centers (TCD), Center for Innovation to Implementation (KH), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael A LaRocca
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Military Institute, Carroll Hall, Lexington, VA 24450, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu Q, Cao H, Du H. Work Stress, Work-Related Rumination, and Depressive Symptoms in University Teachers: Buffering Effect of Self-Compassion. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1557-1569. [PMID: 37151906 PMCID: PMC10162390 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s403744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The association between work stress and depressive symptoms has been well documented. More research is still needed to further investigate the underlying explanatory process mechanism and the potential protective function of personal resource in attenuating the negative effect of work stress on mental health. To address this gap and informed by the stress process model and emotion regulation theory,the present study examined the indirect role of work-related rumination and the buffering effect of self-compassion in university teachers, a population with increased vulnerabilities for both work stress and mental health issues. Methods This study collected data from 727 university teachers (M age = 37.65 ± 7.77 years, 61.5% women) through an online survey. Indirect effect analysis and moderation effect analysis were implemented using structural equation modeling via Mplus. Results Work stress was directly and indirectly associated with depressive symptoms through work-related rumination, and self-compassion moderated the associations between (a) work stress and depressive symptoms and (b) work-related rumination and depressive symptoms. The direct and indirect effects of work stress on depressive symptoms were weaker in university teachers with high levels of self-compassion than in those with low levels of self-compassion. Conclusion Work stress was associated with depressive symptoms through a cognitive pathway. The findings deepen our understanding of the link between work stress and mental health outcomes by revealing the indirect role of cognitive processes, the protective function of emotion regulation strategies, and their interplay. Reducing work-related rumination and strengthening self-compassion may constitute effective interventions to alleviate the negative effects of work stress on mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinglu Wu
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qinglu Wu, Email
| | - Hongjian Cao
- Applied Psychology Program, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Robert V, Vandenberghe C. Laissez-faire leadership and employee well-being: the contribution of perceived supervisor organizational status. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2022.2081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Robert
- Departement of Management, HEC Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Toulouse School of Management, TSM Research, University Toulouse 1 Capitole, Toulouse, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
I can't get no Sleep: The Role of Leaders' Health and Leadership Behavior on Employees' Sleep Quality. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2022.2077198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
6
|
Alo O, Cooper SC, Arslan A, Tarba S. Exploring the impacts of transformational supervision on supermarket store managers’ creativity: evidence from Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00208825.2022.2072069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Obinna Alo
- Business School, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Sir Cary Cooper
- Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ahmad Arslan
- Department of Marketing, Management & International Business, Oulu Business School, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shlomo Tarba
- Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stempel CR, Rigotti T. Threatening the Self: The Conditional Indirect Effect of Abusive Supervision on Well-Being. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.16993/sjwop.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
8
|
Tummers LG, Bakker AB. Leadership and Job Demands-Resources Theory: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:722080. [PMID: 34659034 PMCID: PMC8514935 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic review of leadership and Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory. We have analyzed 139 studies that study the relationship between leadership and Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory. Based on our analysis, we highlight ways forward. First, research designs can be improved by eliminating endogeneity problems. Regarding leadership concepts, proper measurements should be used. Furthermore, we point toward new theory building by highlighting three main ways in which leadership may affect employees, namely by: (1) directly influencing job demands and resources, (2) influencing the impact of job demands and resources on well-being; and (3) influencing job crafting and self-undermining. We hope this review helps researchers and practitioners analyze how leadership and JD-R theory can be connected, ultimately leading to improved employee well-being and organizational performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars G Tummers
- School of Governance, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arnold B Bakker
- Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quinane E, Bardoel EA, Pervan S. CEOs, leaders and managing mental health: a tension-centered approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2021.1925325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Quinane
- Department of Management & Marketing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - E. Anne Bardoel
- Department of Management & Marketing, Swinburne Business School, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon Pervan
- School of Economics, Finance & Marketing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Do Environmental Transformational Leadership Predicts Organizational Citizenship Behavior towards Environment in Hospitality Industry: Using Structural Equation Modelling Approach. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Voluntary pro-environmental behaviors in the workplace such as organizational citizenship behavior towards environment (OCBE) are pertinent for the organizations striving to become environmentally responsible entities. The significance of OCBE for green organizational initiatives has led scholars to strive for expanding its nomological network. Approaching from the theoretical angle of the social information processing approach, this quantitative, survey-based study theoretically links and empirically tests the impact of environmental transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior towards environment (OCBE) via mediating mechanism of perceived meaningful work. Data from a sample of 311 employees working in Pakistan’s hospitality sector were collected and analyzed to test the hypothesized relationships using structural equation modelling. Results indicated the indirect effect of perceived meaningful work on the relationship between environmental transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior towards environment. Implications of both theoretical and practical nature are laid out in the relevant sections of the paper.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wendsche J, de Bloom J, Syrek C, Vahle-Hinz T. Always on, never done? How the mind recovers after a stressful workday? GERMAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PERSONALFORSCHUNG 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/23970022211004598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Many workers experience their jobs as effortful or even stressful, which can result in strain. Although recovery from work would be an adaptive strategy to prevent the adverse effects of work-related strain, many workers face problems finding enough time to rest and to mentally disconnect from work during nonwork time. What goes on in workers’ minds after a stressful workday? What is it about their jobs that makes them think about their work? This special issue aims to bridge the gap between research on recovery processes mainly examined in Occupational Health Psychology, and research on work stress and working hours, often investigated in the field of Human Resource Management. We first summarize conceptual and theoretical streams from both fields of research. In the following, we discuss the contributions of the five special issue papers and conclude with key messages and directions for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica de Bloom
- Tampere University, Finland
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Endriulaitienė A, Morkevičiūtė M. The Unintended Effect of Perceived Transformational Leadership Style on Workaholism: The Mediating Role of Work Motivation. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 154:446-465. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2020.1776203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
13
|
Han SH, Oh EG, Kang S“P. The link between transformational leadership and work-related performance: moderated-mediating roles of meaningfulness and job characteristics. LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/lodj-04-2019-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeBased on the job characteristics theory (Oldham and Hackman, 2010), the authors highlighted the mediating role of job meaningfulness as a critical psychological state. Employees' positive perception of job meaningfulness could maximize organizational positive outcomes based on task orientation and trustful relationship-based satisfying behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relations among transformational leadership, job characteristics, job meaningfulness and task-related job performance. The conceptual model of this paper is developed based on the theoretical foundations for assessing mediating and moderating path relations among the exogenous and endogenous variables.Design/methodology/approachBased on the research questions with literature review, the research framework was developed to show the moderated mediating mechanism of the link between transformational leadership and in-role performance. Data analyses for hypothesis testing were conducted by Hayes' PROCESS macro-based hierarchical regression.FindingsUnderstanding how organizations can optimally design a job based on job characteristics and helping employees maintain psychological states having meaningfulness and responsibility for outcomes are critical. This paper calls attention to how job characteristics and an individual's meaningfulness of work embedded in a given job play a role in influencing job performance.Originality/valueThis study provides a snapshot for examining the job characteristic model on the link between leadership and job performance. By using process analysis (Hayes, 2013), this study examined the moderating role of job characteristics and mediating role of meaningfulness at work in the link of leadership–performance.
Collapse
|
14
|
Seegel ML, Herr RM, Schneider M, Schmidt B, Fischer JE. Transformational Leadership and Depressive Symptoms in Germany: Validation of a Short Transformational Leadership Scale. J Prev Med Public Health 2019; 52:161-169. [PMID: 31163951 PMCID: PMC6549007 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.19.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to validate a shortened transformational leadership (TL) scale (12 items) comprising core TL behaviour and to test the associations of this shortened TL scale with depressive symptoms. Methods: The study used cross-sectional data from 1632 employees of the overall workforce of a middle-sized German company (51.6% men; mean age, 41.35 years; standard deviation, 9.4 years). TL was assessed with the German version of the Transformational Leadership Inventory and depressive symptoms with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The structural validity of the core TL scale was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis. Associations with depressive symptoms were estimated with structural equation modelling and adjusted logistic regression. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling showed better model fit for the core TL than for the full TL score. Logistic regression revealed 3.61-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20 to 5.93: women) to 4.46-fold (95% CI, 2.86 to 6.95: men) increased odds of reporting depressive symptoms (HADS score >8) for those in the lowest tertile of reported core TL. Conclusions: The shortened core TL seems to be a valid instrument for research and training purposes in the context of TL and depressive symptoms in employees. Of particular note, men reporting poor TL were more likely to report depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Leonhard Seegel
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Raphael M Herr
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schneider
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Burkhard Schmidt
- Department for Business, Work and Organizational Psychology, Applied University Fresenius, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim E Fischer
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Morkevičiūtė M, Endriulaitienė A, Jočienė E. Do dimensions of transformational leadership have an effect on workaholism? BALTIC JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/bjm-06-2018-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between dimensions of the perceived transformational leadership style and the employees’ workaholism.
Design/methodology/approach
The quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design was adopted in the present study. The study involved 250 employees working in different Lithuanian organisations. The perceived transformational leadership style was assessed with the help of the Transformational Leadership Inventory (Podsakoff et al., 1990). The ten-item Dutch Work Addiction Scale developed by Schaufeli et al. (2009) was used for measuring workaholism.
Findings
The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the perceived high expectations of the manager, employees’ excessive work and general workaholism. The perceived individualised support was negatively related to the employees’ excessive, compulsive work and general workaholism. It was also found that high performance expectations could predict the employees’ greater excessive work and general workaholism. Moreover, a higher level of individualised support appears to be the most important factor decreasing the employees’ excessive work and proneness to general workaholism. It was further found that the probability of higher levels of workaholism was stronger among the middle managers than among the non-executive employees.
Originality/value
This study contributes to limited empirical research into the negative effect of the transformational leadership style in determining the employees’ health-damaging work behaviour.
Collapse
|
16
|
Mazzetti G, Vignoli M, Petruzziello G, Palareti L. The Hardier You Are, the Healthier You Become. May Hardiness and Engagement Explain the Relationship Between Leadership and Employees' Health? Front Psychol 2019; 9:2784. [PMID: 30692959 PMCID: PMC6339926 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to delve deeper into the relationship between transformational leadership and better general health status among employees. Based on the Job Demands-Resources model of occupational well-being, the current research investigated the role of transformational leadership, as a job resource, in fostering individual hardiness, as a personal resource, which may in turn result in higher levels of work engagement and, consequently, better general health status among employees. Data were collected from 358 white-collar employees in an Italian company. Most of them were women (52.9%) with a mean age of 44.42 years (SD = 9.22). To evaluate the hypothesis of a mediating role of employees’ hardiness and work engagement within the relationship between transformational leadership and workers’ general health, a bootstrapping approach was tested using a serial mediation model. In the current sample, enhanced levels of hardiness and work engagement among employees mediated the association between perceived levels of transformational leadership and individual general health conditions. These findings corroborated the role of transformational leadership as a strategic job resource in enhancing employees’ hardiness and engagement with their work, which may in turn protect their general health status. Organizations willing to rely on a healthy workforce should implement human resource management strategies focused on leadership training capable of boosting employees’ hardiness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Mazzetti
- Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Vignoli
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | | | - Laura Palareti
- Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Svensson S, Stubbs J, Larsson J. The association between subordinate perception of task and relation oriented leadership behaviors and sense of coherence among a sample of Swedish white-collar workers. Work 2018; 61:327-336. [PMID: 30373982 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that leadership behaviors and sense of coherence (SOC) influences subordinate health. However, this has not been investigated in any detail. OBJECTIVES To study the association between leadership behaviors and SOC. It was hypothesized that both task and relation oriented leadership behaviors would be positively associated with SOC, whereas a laissez-faire leadership would be negatively associated with SOC. METHODS This is a cross-sectional quantitative study of managers and subordinates in a large governmental organization. The study used two common and empirically tested leadership styles: task oriented leadership and relation oriented leadership. In a logistic regression analysis, the association between types of leadership behavior and SOC were analyzed while controlling for age, gender, income, type of employment and organizational tenure. RESULTS Neither task oriented or relation oriented leadership behavior were significantly associated with SOC. CONCLUSIONS The result indicates that the type of leadership behavior exercised is not directly associated with subordinate's SOC. In future studies the importance of subordinate leadership preferences should be acknowledged. More research is needed to reach an understanding as to the nature of and the potential of this mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Svensson
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Science, University of Gavle, Gavle, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Stubbs
- Nordic Occupationnal Safety and Rehabilitation, Rancho Cordova, CA, USA
| | - Johan Larsson
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Science, University of Gavle, Gavle, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
LaRocca MA, Scogin FR, Hilgeman MM, Smith AJ, Chaplin WF. The impact of posttraumatic growth, transformational leadership, and self-efficacy on PTSD and depression symptom severity among combat Veterans. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2018.1425073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. LaRocca
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Forrest R. Scogin
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Michelle M. Hilgeman
- Department of Research, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Andrew J. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Baethge A, Rigotti T, Vincent-Hoeper S. How Followers Differing in Career Motivation Gain Career Profits from Transformational Leaders: A Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1527. [PMID: 28932204 PMCID: PMC5592241 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, transformational leadership is among the most thoroughly examined leadership theories, knowledge regarding its association with followers' career outcomes is still limited. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms explaining how transformational leaders affect their employees' career success are yet not well-understood. Based on theoretical assumptions about the processes involved in setting the goal of "making a career," we propose an indirect effect of transformational leadership on subjective and objective career success via development opportunities that depends on the level of career motivation of employees. We conducted a longitudinal study with two measurement occasions separated by 13 months with 320 employees of a large IT company. Respondents provided ratings online on their direct supervisor's transformational leadership, their own development opportunities, and career motivation at T1; subjective career success was rated at both time points, whereas objective indicators of career transitions were rated at T2 retrospectively. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the proposed moderated mediation model. The results indicated that transformational leadership increased subordinates' subjective career success via development opportunities. In addition, and contrary to theoretical reasoning, the indirect effect was not significant for employees with high career motivation. Thus, employees high in career motivation appeared not to benefit from the development opportunities offered by transformational leaders. The results are discussed in light of tailored leadership that takes the aspirations, and needs of followers into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baethge
- Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Sylvie Vincent-Hoeper
- Work and Organizational Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of HamburgHamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Perko K, Kinnunen U, Feldt T. Long-term profiles of work-related rumination associated with leadership, job demands, and exhaustion: A three-wave study. WORK AND STRESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2017.1330835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Perko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulla Kinnunen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Taru Feldt
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Management and Leadership Approaches to Health Promotion and Sustainable Workplaces: A Scoping Review. SOCIETIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/soc7020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
Perko K, Kinnunen U, Tolvanen A, Feldt T. Back to Basics: The Relative Importance of Transformational and Fair Leadership for Employee Work Engagement and Exhaustion. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.16993/sjwop.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
23
|
Perko K, Kinnunen U, Tolvanen A, Feldt T. Investigating occupational well-being and leadership from a person-centred longitudinal approach: congruence of well-being and perceived leadership. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2015.1011136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|