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Pham ATT, Wallace A, Zhang X, Tohl D, Fu H, Chuah C, Reynolds KJ, Ramsey C, Tang Y. Optical-Based Biosensors and Their Portable Healthcare Devices for Detecting and Monitoring Biomarkers in Body Fluids. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071285. [PMID: 34359368 PMCID: PMC8307945 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection and monitoring of biomarkers in body fluids has been used to improve human healthcare activities for decades. In recent years, researchers have focused their attention on applying the point-of-care (POC) strategies into biomarker detection. The evolution of mobile technologies has allowed researchers to develop numerous portable medical devices that aim to deliver comparable results to clinical measurements. Among these, optical-based detection methods have been considered as one of the common and efficient ways to detect and monitor the presence of biomarkers in bodily fluids, and emerging aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with their distinct features are merging with portable medical devices. In this review, the detection methodologies that use optical measurements in the POC systems for the detection and monitoring of biomarkers in bodily fluids are compared, including colorimetry, fluorescence and chemiluminescence measurements. The current portable technologies, with or without the use of smartphones in device development, that are combined with optical biosensors for the detection and monitoring of biomarkers in body fluids, are also investigated. The review also discusses novel AIEgens used in the portable systems for the detection and monitoring of biomarkers in body fluid. Finally, the potential of future developments and the use of optical detection-based portable devices in healthcare activities are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tran Tam Pham
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Angus Wallace
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Damian Tohl
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Hao Fu
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Clarence Chuah
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Karen J. Reynolds
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Carolyn Ramsey
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Youhong Tang
- Australia-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Personal Health Technologies, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia; (A.T.T.P.); (A.W.); (X.Z.); (D.T.); (H.F.); (K.J.R.); (C.R.)
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA 5042, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8201-2138
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