A TSVD Analysis of the Impact of Polarization on Microwave Breast Imaging using an Enclosed Array of Miniaturized Patch Antennas

Wearable Dual Polarized Electromagnetic Knee Imaging System

With the increasing uptake of sport activities, onsite detection of associated knee injuries at early stages is in high demand to avoid severe ligament tear and long treatment period. Portable electromagnetic imaging (EMI) systems have the potential to meet that demand, but there are challenges. For example, EMI is based on the contrast in the dielectric properties due to the accumulated fluid after knee injury. However, that fluid can be in any shape and orientation. Therefore, to capture enough data for processing, EMI should operate as a dual-polarized wearable system with compact antennas. Thus, the proposed system is a textile brace worn on the knee and consists of an 8-element dual-polarized aperture antenna array, which is matched with the knee. Each of the utilized antennas is fed by two orthogonal coaxial feed, occupies a small size of 36 ×36 ×3.1 mm³, and is backed by a full ground plane for unidirectional radiation. The antenna covers the band 0.7-3.3 GHz (130%), with front to back ratio of more than 10 dB. The textile wool-felt is used as the substrate to enable building flexible brace system. The system's capability to reconstruct knee images with different injuries is verified on realistic knee models and phantoms. The double stage delay, multiply and sum algorithm (DS-DMAS) is used to reconstruct those images, which demonstrate the efficiency of the dual-polarized system and its superiority over single-polarized systems.

Breast Cancer Detection Using Adaptable Textile Antenna Design

In the field of medicinal applications, early / (Timely) detection of Breast cancer is a key diagnosing process which provides effective medical treatment and also reduces women mortality. Due to the advancement and growth of medical sciences, efficient antennas are needed for imaging, diagnosing and providing superior treatment to the patients. Since tumor is tiny in size at the early stage, the knowledge of its precise location is chiefly required. For this purpose several antennas with high accuracy are designed. Among them, Flexible antenna has several advantages compared to other antennas. The main advantage of flexible antenna is its simple construction, high gain and cost-efficiency. The proposed research work implements a novel flexible antenna for detection of early breast cancer, with and without tumor application. In the study, (for the sake of comprehensive analysis and accuracy / familiarity / simplicity), Jean material is used as dielectric substrate with dielectric constant 1.7. The flexible antennas are designed with a slot loaded over the patch and with ground plane that are made up of copper as the conducting material. The jeans cloth material with 1 mm thickness is considered as a substrate, which is to be placed on the breast surface. Co-axial feeding method is chosen for the proposed antenna which improves the antenna performance. In addition to this, the antenna is a wearable textile type designed for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band 2.4 GHz applications. The antenna is simulated using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Spectrum) software. From the simulation analysis, Return loss (S₁₁), Gain in dB, Radiation pattern, axial ratio (AR) and VSWR are obtained and analyzed. Finally, the simulation results are compared with the existing methodologies.