1
|
Ahmed MR, Newby S, Potluri P, Mirihanage W, Fernando A. Emerging Paradigms in Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring: Evaluating the Efficacy and Application of Innovative Textile-Based Wearables. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:6066. [PMID: 39338811 PMCID: PMC11436206 DOI: 10.3390/s24186066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review offers a thorough examination of fetal heart rate (fHR) monitoring methods, which are an essential component of prenatal care for assessing fetal health and identifying possible problems early on. It examines the clinical uses, accuracy, and limitations of both modern and traditional monitoring techniques, such as electrocardiography (ECG), ballistocardiography (BCG), phonocardiography (PCG), and cardiotocography (CTG), in a variety of obstetric scenarios. A particular focus is on the most recent developments in textile-based wearables for fHR monitoring. These innovative devices mark a substantial advancement in the field and are noteworthy for their continuous data collection capability and ergonomic design. The review delves into the obstacles that arise when incorporating these wearables into clinical practice. These challenges include problems with signal quality, user compliance, and data interpretation. Additionally, it looks at how these technologies could improve fetal health surveillance by providing expectant mothers with more individualized and non-intrusive options, which could change the prenatal monitoring landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anura Fernando
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.R.A.); (S.N.); (P.P.); (W.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun Y, Xiao Z, Chen B, Zhao Y, Dai J. Advances in Material-Assisted Electromagnetic Neural Stimulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400346. [PMID: 38594598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectricity plays a crucial role in organisms, being closely connected to neural activity and physiological processes. Disruptions in the nervous system can lead to chaotic ionic currents at the injured site, causing disturbances in the local cellular microenvironment, impairing biological pathways, and resulting in a loss of neural functions. Electromagnetic stimulation has the ability to generate internal currents, which can be utilized to counter tissue damage and aid in the restoration of movement in paralyzed limbs. By incorporating implanted materials, electromagnetic stimulation can be targeted more accurately, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness and safety of such interventions. Currently, there have been significant advancements in the development of numerous promising electromagnetic stimulation strategies with diverse materials. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental theories, neural stimulation modulating materials, material application strategies, and pre-clinical therapeutic effects associated with electromagnetic stimulation for neural repair. It offers a thorough analysis of current techniques that employ materials to enhance electromagnetic stimulation, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Koterwa A, Pierpaoli M, Nejman-Faleńczyk B, Bloch S, Zieliński A, Adamus-Białek W, Jeleniewska Z, Trzaskowski B, Bogdanowicz R, Węgrzyn G, Niedziałkowski P, Ryl J. Discriminating macromolecular interactions based on an impedimetric fingerprint supported by multivariate data analysis for rapid and label-free Escherichia coli recognition in human urine. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 238:115561. [PMID: 37549553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents a novel approach to address the challenges of electrode fouling and highly complex electrode nanoarchitecture, which are primary concerns for biosensors operating in real environments. The proposed approach utilizes multiparametric impedance discriminant analysis (MIDA) to obtain a fingerprint of the macromolecular interactions on flat glassy carbon surfaces, achieved through self-organized, drop-cast, receptor-functionalized Au nanocube (AuNC) patterns. Real-time monitoring is combined with singular value decomposition and partial least squares discriminant analysis, which enables selective identification of the analyte from raw impedance data, without the use of electric equivalent circuits. As a proof-of-concept, the authors demonstrate the ability to detect Escherichia coli in real human urine using an aptamer-based biosensor that targets RNA polymerase. This is significant, as uropathogenic E. coli is a difficult-to-treat pathogen that is responsible for the majority of hospital-acquired urinary tract infection cases. The proposed approach offers a limit of detection of 11.3 CFU/mL for the uropathogenic E. coli strain No. 57, an analytical range in all studied concentrations (up to 105 CFU/mL), without the use of antifouling strategies, yet not being specific vs other E.coli strain studied (BL21(DE3)). The MIDA approach allowed to identify negative overpotentials (-0.35 to -0.10 V vs Ag/AgCl) as most suitable for the analysis, offering over 80% sensitivity and accuracy, and the measurement was carried out in just 2 min. Moreover, this approach is scalable and can be applied to other biosensor platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Koterwa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mattia Pierpaoli
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Bożena Nejman-Faleńczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Bloch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Poland.
| | - Artur Zieliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Adamus-Białek
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Zofia Jeleniewska
- Division of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banach 2c, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Poland.
| | - Paweł Niedziałkowski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Division of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kweon SJ, Rafi AK, Cheon SI, Je M, Ha S. On-Chip Sinusoidal Signal Generators for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy: Methodological Review. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2022; 16:337-360. [PMID: 35482701 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2022.3171163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews architectures and circuit implementations of on-chip sinusoidal signal generators (SSGs) for electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) applications. In recent years, there have been increasing interests in on-chip EIS systems, which measure a target material's impedance spectrum over a frequency range. The on-chip implementation allows EIS systems to have low power and small form factor, enabling various biomedical applications. One of the key building blocks of on-chip EIS systems is on-chip SSG, which determines the frequency range and the analysis precision of the whole EIS system. On-chip SSGs are generally required to have high linearity, wide frequency range, and high power and area efficiency. They are typically composed of three stages in general: waveform generation, linearity enhancement, and current injection. First, a sinusoidal waveform should be generated in SSGs. The generated waveform's frequency should be accurately adjustable over a wide range. The firstly generated waveform may not be perfectly linear, including unwanted harmonics. In the following linearity-enhancement step, these harmonics are attenuated by using filters typically. As the linearity of the waveform is improved, the precision of the EIS system gets ensured. Lastly, the filtered voltage waveform is now converted to a current by a current driver. Then, the current sinusoidal signal is injected into the target impedance. This review discusses the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of various techniques applied to each step in state-of-the-art on-chip SSGs. In addition, state-of-the-art designs are compared and summarized.
Collapse
|