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Non-invasive imaging of ion concentration distribution around cell spheroids by electrical impedance tomographic sensor printed on circuit board under temporal compensation by ion transport impedance model. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li S, Kawashima D, Sugawara M, Obara H, Okeyo KO, Takei M. Study of transmembrane ion transport under tonicity imbalance using a combination of low frequency-electrical impedance spectroscopy (LF-EIS) and improved ion transport model. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2022; 8. [PMID: 35316798 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac5fc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane ion transport under tonicity imbalance has been investigated using a combination of low frequency-electrical impedance spectroscopy (LF-EIS) and improved ion transport model, by considering the cell diameterd[m] and the initial intracellular ion concentrationcin[mM] as a function of tonicity expressed by sucrose concentrationcs[mM]. The transmembrane ion transport is influenced by extracellular tonicity conditions, leading to a facilitation/inhibition of ion passage through the cell membrane. The transmembrane transport coefficientP[m s-1], which represents the ability of transmembrane ion transport, is calculated by the extracellular ion concentrations obtained by improved ion transport model and LF-EIS measurement.Pis calculated as 4.11 × 10-6and 3.44 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 10 and 30 mM representing hypotonic condition, 2.44 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 50 mM representing isotonic condition, and 3.68 × 10-6, 5.16 × 10-6, 9.51 × 10-6, and 14.89 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM representing hypertonic condition. The LF-EIS results indicate that the transmembrane ion transport is promoted under hypertonic and hypotonic conditions compared to isotonic condition. To verify the LF-EIS results, fluorescence intensityF[-] of extracellular potassium ions is observed to obtain the temporal distribution of average potassium ion concentration within the region of 3.6μm from cell membrane interfacecROI[mM]. The slopes of ∆cROI/cROI1to timetare 0.0003, 0.0002, and 0.0006 under hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic conditions, wherecROI1denotes initialcROI, which shows the same tendency with LF-EIS result that is verified by the potassium ion fluorescence observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songshi Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Michiko Sugawara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Obara
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, 191-0065, Japan
| | - Kennedy Omondi Okeyo
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute for Frontier Life &and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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Deivasigamani R, Abdul Nasir NS, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. In vitro dielectrophoresis of HEK cell migration for stimulating chronic wound epithelialization. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:609-620. [PMID: 34859896 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based simulation and experimental study of human epidermal keratinocyte (HEK) cells for wounded skin cell migration toward rapid epithelialization. MyDEP is a standalone software designed specifically to study dielectric particles and cell response to an alternating current (AC) electric field. This method demonstrated that negative dielectrophoresis (NDEP ) occurs in HEK cells at a wide frequency range in highly conductive medium. The finite element method was used to characterize particle trajectory based on DEP and drag force. The performance of the system was assessed using HEK cells in a highly conductive EpiLife suspending medium. The DEP experiment was performed by applying sinusoidal wave AC potential at the peak-to-peak voltage of 10 V in a tapered aluminum microelectrode array from 100 kHz to 1 MHz. We experimentally observed the occurrence of NDEP, which attracted HEK cells toward the local electric field minima in the region of interest. The DIPP-MotionV software was used to track cell migration in the prerecorded video via an automatic marker and estimate the average speed and acceleration of the cells. The results showed that HEK cell migration was accomplished approximately at 6.43 μm/s at 100 kHz with 10 V, and FDEP caused the cells to migrate and align at the target position, which resulted in faster wound closures because of the application of an electric field frequency to HEK cells in random locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Deivasigamani
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Duncan JL, Davalos RV. A review: Dielectrophoresis for characterizing and separating similar cell subpopulations based on bioelectric property changes due to disease progression and therapy assessment. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2423-2444. [PMID: 34609740 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the use of dielectrophoresis for high-fidelity separations and characterizations of subpopulations to highlight the recent advances in the electrokinetic field as well as provide insight into its progress toward commercialization. The role of cell subpopulations in heterogeneous clinical samples has been studied to deduce their role in disease progression and therapy resistance for instances such as cancer, tissue regeneration, and bacterial infection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), a label-free electrokinetic technique, has been used to characterize and separate target subpopulations from mixed samples to determine disease severity, cell stemness, and drug efficacy. Despite its high sensitivity to characterize similar or related cells based on their differing bioelectric signatures, DEP has been slowly adopted both commercially and clinically. This review addresses the use of dielectrophoresis for the identification of target cell subtypes in stem cells, cancer cells, blood cells, and bacterial cells dependent on cell state and therapy exposure and addresses commercialization efforts in light of its sensitivity and future perspectives of the technology, both commercially and academically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie L Duncan
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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Tran AK, Kawashima D, Sugarawa M, Obara H, Okeyo KO, Takei M. Development of a noise elimination electrical impedance spectroscopy (neEIS) system for single cell identification. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2020.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Wang L, Hu S, Liu K, Chen B, Wu H, Jia J, Yao J. A hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt (GA-LM) method for cell suspension measurement with electrical impedance spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:124104. [PMID: 33379949 DOI: 10.1063/5.0029491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Levenberg-Marquardt (GA-LM) method is proposed for cell suspension measurement with electrical impedance spectroscopy. This algorithm combines the GA with global search ability and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm with local search ability, which has the advantages of high accuracy and high robustness. First, GA-LM is compared with GA and LM algorithm separately by ideal simulation. Second, Gaussian noise is added to the ideal simulation data. The anti-noise ability of the GA-LM is discussed. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the practicability of the proposed GA-LM method. In the experiment, GA-LM is used to fit the impedance spectrum of yeast suspensions with different volume fractions and active states. The results show that the GA-LM algorithm can converge to the real value that is set in the simulation under ideal numerical simulation conditions. In the simulation within 2% noise level, the mean relative error of the parameter solution is less than 4%, and the root mean square error of the fitting is less than 0.4. This method also performs well in fitting of the experimental data. In addition, the electric double layer resistance and cell membrane capacitance are selected as the main indicators for the identification of yeast suspension concentration and activity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Songpei Hu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Bai Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hongtao Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jiabin Jia
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom
| | - Jiafeng Yao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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Kawashima D, Li S, Obara H, Takei M. Low-Frequency Impedance-Based Cell Discrimination Considering Ion Transport Model in Cell Suspension. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:1015-1023. [PMID: 32746028 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3002980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency impedance-based (LFI) cell discrimination as a novel non-destructive and non-invasive cell discrimination is proposed. LFI cell discrimination discriminates the cell type by considering an ion transport model in cell suspension. Ion transport model in cell suspension is constructed on the basis of Fick's laws of diffusion in the extracellular region under ion permeability P which represents the characteristics of cell type. P is achieved using the ion transport model equation through an iterative curve fitting to an ion concentration in extracellular region obtained from low-frequency impedance which is assumed to be linearly related to the ion concentration in extracellular region. In experiment, the electrical impedance spectra from the frequency of 200 kHz to 2.0 MHz are measured over time during producing ions from intracellular region to extracellular one in cell suspension using an impedance analyzer and an interdigitated array electrode system. As a target cell type, two different cell types based on Medical Research Council 5 (MRC-5), which are different in intracellular component are used. The curve fitting is performed for the low-frequency impedance at 200 kHz at which impedance reflects the ion concentration in extracellular region in order to obtain P of each cell type. As a result, each cell type has its own P. The proposed LFI cell discrimination successfully discriminates the cell type.
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Quantitative Measurement and Evaluation of Red Blood Cell Aggregation in Normal Blood Based on a Modified Hanai Equation. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19051095. [PMID: 30836669 PMCID: PMC6427202 DOI: 10.3390/s19051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) in normal blood (non-coagulation) has been quantitatively measured by blood pulsatile flow based on multiple-frequency electrical impedance spectroscopy. The relaxation frequencies fc under static and flowing conditions of blood pulsatile flow are utilized to evaluate the RBC aggregation quantitatively with the consideration of blood flow factors (RBC orientation, deformation, thickness of electrical double layer (EDL)). Both porcine blood and bovine blood are investigated in experiments, for the reason that porcine blood easily forms RBC aggregates, while bovine blood does not. The results show that the relaxation frequencies fc of porcine blood and bovine blood present opposite performance, which indicates that the proposed relaxation frequency fc is efficient to measure RBCs aggregation. Furthermore, the modified Hanai equation is proposed to quantitatively calculate the influence of RBCs aggregation on relaxation frequency fc. The study confirms the feasibility of a high speed, on-line RBC aggregation sensing method in extracorporeal circulation systems.
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Sato N, Yao J, Sugawara M, Takei M. Numerical Study of Particle-Fluid Flow Under AC Electrokinetics in Electrode-Multilayered Microfluidic Device. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:453-463. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2849004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhang X, Xia K, Ji A, Xiang N. A smart and portable micropump for stable liquid delivery. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:865-872. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Hohai University; Changzhou P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Kang Xia
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Hohai University; Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Aimin Ji
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Hohai University; Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
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Yao J, Zhu G, Zhao T, Takei M. Microfluidic device embedding electrodes for dielectrophoretic manipulation of cells-A review. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:1166-1177. [PMID: 30378130 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic device embedding electrodes realizes cell manipulation with the help of dielectrophoresis. Cell manipulation is an important technology for cell sorting and cell population purification. Till now, the theory of dielectrophoresis has been greatly developed. Microfluidic devices with various arrangements of electrodes have been reported from the beginning of the single non-uniform electric field to the later multiple physical fields. This paper reviews the research status of microfluidic device embedding electrodes for cell manipulation based on dielectrophoresis. Firstly, the working principle of dielectrophoresis is explained. Next, cell manipulation approaches based on dielectrophoresis are introduced. Then, different types of electrode arrangements in the microfluidic device for cell manipulation are discussed, including planar, multilayered and microarray dot electrodes. Finally, the future development trend of the dielectrophoresis with the help of microfluidic devices is prospected. With the rapid development of microfluidic technology, in the near future, high precision, high throughput, high efficiency, multifunctional, portable, economical and practical microfluidic dielectrophoresis will be widely used in the fields of biology, medicine, agriculture and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Yao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Guiping Zhu
- College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi`an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, P. R. China
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-0022, Japan
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Liu X, Yao J, Zhao T, Obara H, Cui Y, Takei M. Image Reconstruction Under Contact Impedance Effect in Micro Electrical Impedance Tomography Sensors. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2018; 12:623-631. [PMID: 29877825 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2018.2816946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contact impedance has an important effect on micro electrical impedance tomography (EIT) sensors compared to conventional macro sensors. In the present work, a complex contact impedance effect ratio ξ is defined to quantitatively evaluate the effect of the contact impedance on the accuracy of the reconstructed images by micro EIT. Quality of the reconstructed image under various ξ is estimated by the phantom simulation to find the optimum algorithm. The generalized vector sampled pattern matching (GVSPM) method reveals the best image quality and the best tolerance to ξ. Moreover, the images of yeast cells sedimentary distribution in a multilayered microchannel are reconstructed by the GVSPM method under various mean magnitudes of contact impedance effect ratio |ξ|. The result shows that the best image quality that has the smallest voltage error UE = 0.581 is achieved with measurement frequency f = 1 MHz and mean magnitude |ξ| = 26. In addition, the reconstructed images of cells distribution become improper while f < 10 kHz and mean value of |ξ| > 2400.
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