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Hane R, Akita S, Kubo Y, Takei M, Mitsukawa N. Great Toe Tip Reconstruction after Severe COVID-19 Using Hemi-pulp V-Y Advancement Flap: A Case Report. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2024; 12:e5661. [PMID: 38486716 PMCID: PMC10939699 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
"COVID toe," one of the extrapulmonary disorders of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may result in toe necrosis. In this case, we successfully reconstructed a severe COVID-19-induced defect in the great toe by using an innervated hemi-pulp V-Y advancement flap. A 48-year-old woman was diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis due to COVID-19 and received intensive care. Even after the acute phase, a skin defect measuring 10 mm × 7 mm was noted, exposing the underlying bone on her right great toe tip. Because of ulceration, she was unable to start walking training. To continue rehabilitation, we reconstructed it with the innerved hemi-pulp V-Y advancement flap. The pain improved quickly, and rehabilitation was resumed. During the 6-month follow-up period, no cosmetic or functional complications were observed. Plantar pressure measurements demonstrated favorable loading on the great toe, and it was a favorable outcome in walking function. This flap is a valuable option as one of the innervated flaps for toe-end necrosis with preserved blood flow, which helps in implementing prompt gait rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Hane
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Akita
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Kubo
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mitsukawa
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Waithera MW, Sifuna MW, Kimani SK, Takei M. Drug selection pressure and fitness cost for artemether-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA parasites in vivo. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:107012. [PMID: 37865152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical use of artemisinin-based combination therapies is threatened by increasing failure rates due to the emergence and spread of multiple drug resistance genes in most human Plasmodium strains. The aim of this study was to generate artemether-resistant (AMR) parasites from Plasmodium berghei ANKA (AMS), and determine their fitness cost. METHODS Artemether resistance was generated by increasing drug pressure doses gradually for 9 months. Effective doses (ED50 and ED90) were determined using the 4-day suppressive test, and the indices of resistance (I) at 50% and 90% (I50 and I90) were determined using the ratio of either ED50 or ED90 of AMR to AMS, respectively. The stability of the AMR parasites was evaluated by: five drug-free passages (5DFPs), 3 months of cryopreservation (CP), and drug-free serial passages (DFSPs) for 4 months. Analysis of variance was used to compare differences in growth rates between AMR and AMS with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS ED50 and ED90 of AMS were 0.61 and 3.43 mg/kg/day respectively. I50 and I90 after 20 cycles of artemether selection pressure were 19.67 and 21.45, respectively; 5DFP values were 39.16 and 15.27, respectively; 3-month CP values were 29.36 and 10.79, respectively; and DFSP values were 31.34 and 12.29, respectively. The mean parasitaemia value of AMR (24.70% ± 3.60) relative to AMS (37.66% ± 3.68) at Day 7 post infection after DFSPs revealed a fitness cost of 34.41%. CONCLUSION A moderately stable AMRP. berghei line was generated. Known and unknown mutations may be involved in modulating artemether resistance, and therefore molecular investigations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milka Wambui Waithera
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Martin Wekesa Sifuna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Ibrahim KA, Sejati PA, Darma PN, Nakane A, Takei M. Metal Particle Detection by Integration of a Generative Adversarial Network and Electrical Impedance Tomography (GAN-EIT) for a Wet-Type Gravity Vibration Separator. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8062. [PMID: 37836892 PMCID: PMC10574861 DOI: 10.3390/s23198062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The minor copper (Cu) particles among major aluminum (Al) particles have been detected by means of an integration of a generative adversarial network and electrical impedance tomography (GAN-EIT) for a wet-type gravity vibration separator (WGS). This study solves the problem of blurred EIT reconstructed images by proposing a GAN-EIT integration system for Cu detection in WGS. GAN-EIT produces two types of images of various Cu positions among major Al particles, which are (1) the photo-based GAN-EIT images, where blurred EIT reconstructed images are enhanced by GAN based on a full set of photo images, and (2) the simulation-based GAN-EIT images. The proposed metal particle detection by GAN-EIT is applied in experiments under static conditions to investigate the performance of the metal detection method under single-layer conditions with the variation of the position of Cu particles. As a quantitative result, the images of detected Cu by GAN-EIT ψ̿GAN in different positions have higher accuracy as compared to σ*EIT. In the region of interest (ROI) covered by the developed linear sensor, GAN-EIT successfully reduces the Cu detection error of conventional EIT by 40% while maintaining a minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 60 [dB]. In conclusion, GAN-EIT is capable of improving the detailed features of the reconstructed images to visualize the detected Cu effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiagus Aufa Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; (K.A.I.); (P.N.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Prima Asmara Sejati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; (K.A.I.); (P.N.D.); (M.T.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; (K.A.I.); (P.N.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Akira Nakane
- Sanritsu Machine Industry Co., Ltd., Chiba 263-0002, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; (K.A.I.); (P.N.D.); (M.T.)
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4
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Gao Z, Darma PN, Sun B, Kawashima D, Takei M. A noise-controlling method by hybrid current-stimulation and voltage-measurement for electrical impedance tomography (HCSVM-EIT). Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9:065002. [PMID: 37659392 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acf61a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Image reconstruction in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a typical ill-posed inverse problem, from which the stability of conductivity reconstruction affects the reliability of physiological parameters evaluation. In order to improve the stability, the effect of boundary voltage noise on conductivity reconstruction should be controlled. A noise-controlling method based on hybrid current-stimulation and voltage-measurement for EIT (HCSVM-EIT) is proposed for stable conductivity reconstruction. In HCSVM-EIT, the boundary voltage is measured by one current-stimulation and voltage-measurement pattern (high-SNRpattern) with a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the sensitivity matrix is calculated by another current-stimulation and voltage-measurement pattern (low-condpattern) with a lower condition number; the boundary voltage is then transformed from thehigh-SNRpattern into thelow-condpattern by multiplying by an optimized transformation matrix for image reconstruction. The stability of conductivity reconstruction is improved by combining the advantages of thehigh-SNRpattern for boundary voltage measurement and thelow-condpattern for sensitivity matrix calculation. The simulation results show that the HCSVM-EIT increases the correlation coefficient (CC) of conductivity reconstruction. The experiment results show that theCCof conductivity reconstruction of the human lower limb is increased from 0.3424 to 0.5580 by 62.97% compared to the quasi-adjacent pattern, and from 0.4942 to 0.5580 by 12.91% compared to the adjacent pattern. In conclusion, the stable conductivity reconstruction with higherCCin HCSVM-EIT improves the reliability of physiological parameters evaluation for disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfeng Gao
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Bo Sun
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, People's Republic of China
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Kallen EJJ, Revers A, Fernández-Rivas M, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Ebisawa M, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Fukutomi Y, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Knulst AC, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Lidholm J, Metzler C, Mills ENC, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Takei M, Versteeg SA, Vassilopoulou AE, Vieths S, Welsing PMJ, Zwinderman AH, Le TM, Van Ree R. A European-Japanese study on peach allergy: IgE to Pru p 7 associates with severity. Allergy 2023; 78:2497-2509. [PMID: 37334557 DOI: 10.1111/all.15783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pru p 3 and Pru p 7 have been implicated as risk factors for severe peach allergy. This study aimed to establish sensitization patterns to five peach components across Europe and in Japan, to explore their relation to pollen and foods and to predict symptom severity. METHODS In twelve European (EuroPrevall project) and one Japanese outpatient clinic, a standardized clinical evaluation was conducted in 1231 patients who reported symptoms to peach and/or were sensitized to peach. Specific IgE against Pru p 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 and against Cup s 7 was measured in 474 of them. Univariable and multivariable Lasso regression was applied to identify combinations of parameters predicting severity. RESULTS Sensitization to Pru p 3 dominated in Southern Europe but was also quite common in Northern and Central Europe. Sensitization to Pru p 7 was low and variable in the European centers but very dominant in Japan. Severity could be predicted by a model combining age of onset of peach allergy, probable mugwort, Parietaria pollen and latex allergy, and sensitization to Japanese cedar pollen, Pru p 4 and Pru p 7 which resulted in an AUC of 0.73 (95% CI 0.73-0.74). Pru p 3 tended to be a risk factor in South Europe only. CONCLUSIONS Pru p 7 was confirmed as a significant risk factor for severe peach allergy in Europe and Japan. Combining outcomes from clinical and demographic background with serology resulted in a model that could better predict severity than CRD alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J J Kallen
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Revers
- Epidemiology and Data Science (EDS), Amsterdam University Medical Center location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Fernández-Rivas
- Department of Allergy, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, ARADyAL, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - B Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Clinic for Dermatology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - L Barreales
- Department of Allergy, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, ARADyAL, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Belohlavkova
- Medical Faculty Pilsen, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F de Blay
- Allergy Division, Chest Disease Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Clausen
- Landspitali University Hospital, University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - R Dubakiene
- Clinic of Chest diseases, Allergology and Immunology Institute of Clinic al Medicine Medical Faculty Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M Ebisawa
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - C Fernández-Perez
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Area De Santiago de Compostela y Barbanza, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) A Coruña, Santiago, Spain
| | - P Fritsche
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Y Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - D Gislason
- Landspitali University Hospital, University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - K Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - A C Knulst
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M L Kowalski
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - T Kralimarkova
- Clinic of Occupational Diseases, University Hospital Sv. Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J Lidholm
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Metzler
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E N C Mills
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology & Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - N G Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - T A Popov
- Clinic of Occupational Diseases, University Hospital Sv. Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A Purohit
- Allergy Division, Chest Disease Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - I Reig
- Allergist and Pediatrician, Nápoles y Sicilia Health Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - S L Seneviratne
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Sinaniotis
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Takei
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S A Versteeg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A E Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Vieths
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - P M J Welsing
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A H Zwinderman
- Epidemiology and Data Science (EDS), Amsterdam University Medical Center location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T M Le
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ibrahim KA, Wicaksono R, Baidillah MR, Ito K, Takei M. Free and bound sodium identification by skin dielectric properties separation algorithm of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (spa-BIS) in human skin model. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9:055010. [PMID: 37459837 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ace7d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Free and bound sodium in human skin models have been identified by two proposals: skin's phantom fabrication and skin's dielectric properties separation algorithm of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (spa-BIS). Thespa-BIS consist of conductivity-permittivity separation, contact impedance compensation, and a correlation score algorithm based on the vessel with a bipolar electrode. The skin phantom fabrication comprises a recipe combination with temperature-controlled protocol and sodium molarity calculation. In experiments, the human skin models are created to mimic the electrical properties of skin under1MHzwith several different sodium molarities. Based on five types of human skin models with five samples of each group, the free sodium type conductivity and concentration resultsR2=0.9903-following a linear trendline of concentration change in skin tissues theorems with the fRequency range from1kHzto1MHz,while the bound sodium type resultsR2=0.9061-.Thespa-BIS compensate7-16Ωof vessel contact impedance. The dielectric properties of each type have been extracted with less than 10% of the average standard deviation, which is considered an accurate identification method of dermis dielectric properties. The algorithm successfully identifies sodium type: free sodium has a negative, and bound sodium has a positive correlation score trend. As an additional discussion, the different time-dependent effects, the different water content, and different agar content analyses have been provided in this study. As a robust analysis method, thespa-BIS has a prominent performance to replace a23Na-MRI in terms of free and bound sodium identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiagus A Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 2638522, Japan
| | - Ridwan Wicaksono
- Electrical and Information Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Marlin R Baidillah
- Research Center for Electronics, National Research and Innovation Agency, KST Samaun Samadikun, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Koichi Ito
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 2638522, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 2638522, Japan
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Sun B, Darma PN, Sejati PA, Shirai T, Narita K, Takei M. Physiological-induced conductive response evaluation in specific muscle compartments under hybrid of electrical muscle stimulation and voluntary resistance training by electrical impedance tomography. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1185958. [PMID: 37534370 PMCID: PMC10390743 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1185958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The physiological-induced conductive response has been visualised for evaluation in specific muscle compartments under hybrid (hybridEMS) of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and voluntary resistance training (VRT) by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Methods: In the experiments, tendency of conductivity distribution images σ over time was clearly detected for three specific muscle compartments, which are called AM 1 compartment composed of biceps brachii muscle, AM 2 compartment composed of triceps brachii muscle, and AM 3 compartment composed of brachialis muscle, under three training modalities. Results: From the experimental results, the tendency of physiological-induced conductive response are increased in all three training modalities with increasing training time. Correspondingly, the spatial-mean conductivity <σ>AM1,AM2,AM3 increased with the conductance value G and extracellular water ratio β of right arm by bio-impedance analysis (BIA) method. In addition, hybridEMS has the greatest effect on physiological-induced conductive response in AM 1, AM 2, and AM 3. Under hybridEMS, the spatial-mean conductivity increased from <σ pre > AM1 = 0.154 to <σ 23mins > AM1 = 0.810 in AM 1 muscle compartment (n = 8, p < 0.001); <σ pre > AM2 = 0.040 to <σ 23mins > AM2 = 0.254 in AM 2 muscle compartment (n = 8, p < 0.05); <σ pre > AM3 = 0.078 to <σ 23mins > AM3 = 0.497 in AM 3 muscle compartment (n = 8, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The paired-samples t-test results of <σ>AM1,AM2,AM3 under all three training modalities suggest hybridEMS has the most efficient elicitation on physiological induced conductive response compared to VRT and EMS. The effect of EMS on deep muscle compartment (AM 3) is slower compared to VRT and hybridEMS, with a significant difference after 15 min of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Prima Asmara Sejati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Rifai IN, Baidillah MR, Wicaksono R, Akita S, Takei M. Sodium Concentration Imaging in Dermis Layer by Square-wave Open Electrical Impedance Tomography (SW-oEIT) with Spatial Voltage Thresholding (SVT). Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9. [PMID: 37172573 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acd4c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sodium concentration in the dermis layer is imaged by the square wave open electrical impedance tomography (SW-oEIT) with spatial voltage thresholding (SVT). The SW-oEIT with SVT consists of three steps which are 1) voltage measurement, 2) spatial voltage thresholding, and 3) sodium concentration imaging. In the 1st step, the root mean square voltage v ̃ is calculated based on the measured voltage v under the square wave current I through the planar electrodes on the skin domain Ω. In the 2nd step, the m-th measured voltage v is converted to a compensated voltage v^* based on the voltage electrodes distance d^v and threshold distance d^Γ in order to highlight the region of interest of the dermis layer Ω^d. In the 3rd step, sodium concentration is imaged by the Gauss-Newton reconstruction method. The SW-oEIT with SVT was applied to multi-layer skin simulation and ex-vivo experiments under various dermis sodium concentrations c in the range of 5-50 mM. As an image evaluation result, the spatial mean conductivity distribution 〈σ^* 〉 in Ω^d is successfully determined as increasing c on both simulations and experiments. The relationship between 〈σ^* 〉 and c was evaluated by the determination coefficient R2 and the normalized sensitivity 〈S〉. The optimized d^Γ with the highest evaluation values of R^2= 0.84 and 〈S〉= 0.83 is under the condition of d^Γ = 2 mm. Based on the signal evaluation, the SW-oEIT with SVT has a 15.32 % higher correlation coefficient CC compared to the conventional oEIT based on sinewave injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isnan Nur Rifai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 1-33 Yayoi Inage, Chiba, Chiba, 263-8522, JAPAN
| | - Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah
- Research Center for Electronics, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, KST Samaun Samadikun,, Bandung, 40135, INDONESIA
| | - Ridwan Wicaksono
- Electrical and Informatics Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Fakultas Teknik, Sleman Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA
| | - Shinsuke Akita
- Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, 1-33 Yayoi Inage, Chiba, Chiba, 263-8522, JAPAN
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 1-33 Yayoi Inage, Chiba, Chiba, 263-8522, JAPAN
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9
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Sakai K, Darma PN, Sejati PA, Wicaksono R, Hayashi H, Takei M. Gastric functional monitoring by gastric electrical impedance tomography (gEIT) suit with dual-step fuzzy clustering. Sci Rep 2023; 13:514. [PMID: 36627333 PMCID: PMC9832012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric Function has been successfully estimated by gastric electrical impedance tomography (gEIT) Suit with dual-step fuzzy clustering. The gEIT Suit which are made of elastic cloth with dual-planar electrodes and compact data acquisition (DAQ) system measures gastric impedance Z to visualize the gastric conductivity distribution σ. The dual-step fuzzy clustering extracts the clustered gastric conductivity distribution kσ, which accurately estimates the gastric function. The gEIT Suit with dual-step fuzzy clustering are applied to eight healthy persons during liquid meal consumption to estimate the gastric function under gastric accommodation phase of 200, 400 and 600 mL based on the gastric emptying phase. As the results, the gEIT Suit successfully estimate the gastric function. By the measured impedance Z, the subjects have a mean temporal impedance [Formula: see text]= - 9.27 [Ohm] and p-value of that [Formula: see text] p(Z) = 0.0013[-]as the t-test result. In the case of gastric conductivity distribution σ, the subjects have a value of spatial mean conductivity distribution ⟨σ⟩ = 0.23[-] and p-value of that ⟨σ⟩ p(σ) = 0.0140[-]. Lastly, in the case gastric volume V, subjects have a gastric volume V = 12.44 [%] and p-value p(V) = 0.0664[-].
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sakai
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-Shi, Japan
| | - P. N. Darma
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Division of Fundamental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University JSPS International Research Fellow, Chiba-Shi, 263-8522 Japan
| | - P. A. Sejati
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-Shi, Japan
| | - R. Wicaksono
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-Shi, Japan
| | - H. Hayashi
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-Shi, Japan
| | - M. Takei
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-Shi, Japan
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Ibrahim KA, Baidillah MR, Wicaksono R, Takei M. Skin layer classification by feedforward neural network in bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. J Electr Bioimpedance 2023; 14:19-31. [PMID: 37564279 PMCID: PMC10411641 DOI: 10.2478/joeb-2023-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Conductivity change in skin layers has been classified by source indicator ok (k=1: Stratum corneum, k=2: Epidermis, k=3: Dermis, k=4: Fat, and k=5: Stratum corneum + Epidermis) trained from feedforward neural network (FNN) in bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). In BIS studies, treating the skin as a bulk, limits the differentiation of conductivity changes in individual skin layers, however skin layer classification using FNN shows promise in accurately categorizing skin layers, which is essential for predicting source indicators ok and initiating skin dielectric characteristics diagnosis. The ok is trained by three main conceptual points which are (i) implementing FNN for predicting k in conductivity change, (ii) profiling four impedance inputs αξ consisting of magnitude input α|z|, phase angle input αθ, resistance input αR, and reactance input αx for filtering nonessential input, and (iii) selecting low and high frequency pair ( f r l h ) by distribution of relaxation time (DRT) for eliminating parasitic noise effect. The training data set of FNN is generated to obtain the αξ ∈ R10×17×10 by 10,200 cases by simulation under configuration and measurement parameters. The trained skin layer classification is validated through experiments with porcine skin under various sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions CNaCl = {15, 20, 25, 30, 35}[mM] in the dermis layer. FNN successfully classified conductivity change in the dermis layer from experiment with accuracy of 90.6% for the bipolar set-up at f 6 l h = 10 & 100 [ kHz] and with the same accuracy for the tetrapolar at f 8 l h = 35 & 100 [ kHz] . The measurement noise and systematic error in the experimental results are minimized by the proposed method using the feature extraction based on αξ at f r l h .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiagus Aufa Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah
- Research Center for Electronics, National Research and Innovation Agency, KST Samaun Samadikun, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ridwan Wicaksono
- Electrical and Information Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Ikeno N, Prayitno YAK, Sejati PA, Kawashima D, Takei M. In situ 4D distribution visualization of carbon-black volume fraction in cathode slurry of lithium-ion battery by multi-layered electrical resistance tomography (mlERT). ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li S, Kawashima D, Sugawara M, Obara H, Okeyo KO, Takei M. Study of transmembrane ion transport under tonicity imbalance using a combination of low frequency-electrical impedance spectroscopy (LF-EIS) and improved ion transport model. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2022; 8. [PMID: 35316798 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac5fc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane ion transport under tonicity imbalance has been investigated using a combination of low frequency-electrical impedance spectroscopy (LF-EIS) and improved ion transport model, by considering the cell diameterd[m] and the initial intracellular ion concentrationcin[mM] as a function of tonicity expressed by sucrose concentrationcs[mM]. The transmembrane ion transport is influenced by extracellular tonicity conditions, leading to a facilitation/inhibition of ion passage through the cell membrane. The transmembrane transport coefficientP[m s-1], which represents the ability of transmembrane ion transport, is calculated by the extracellular ion concentrations obtained by improved ion transport model and LF-EIS measurement.Pis calculated as 4.11 × 10-6and 3.44 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 10 and 30 mM representing hypotonic condition, 2.44 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 50 mM representing isotonic condition, and 3.68 × 10-6, 5.16 × 10-6, 9.51 × 10-6, and 14.89 × 10-6m s-1atcsof 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM representing hypertonic condition. The LF-EIS results indicate that the transmembrane ion transport is promoted under hypertonic and hypotonic conditions compared to isotonic condition. To verify the LF-EIS results, fluorescence intensityF[-] of extracellular potassium ions is observed to obtain the temporal distribution of average potassium ion concentration within the region of 3.6μm from cell membrane interfacecROI[mM]. The slopes of ∆cROI/cROI1to timetare 0.0003, 0.0002, and 0.0006 under hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic conditions, wherecROI1denotes initialcROI, which shows the same tendency with LF-EIS result that is verified by the potassium ion fluorescence observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songshi Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Michiko Sugawara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Obara
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, 191-0065, Japan
| | - Kennedy Omondi Okeyo
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute for Frontier Life &and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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Sifuna MW, Kawashima D, Matsuura K, Obara H, Nakajima Y, Takei M. Simultaneous electrical online estimation of changes in blood hematocrit and temperature in cardiopulmonary bypass. J Artif Organs 2022; 25:305-313. [PMID: 35254539 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-022-01320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two equations have been developed from multi-frequency measurements of blood impedance Zb for a simultaneous electrical online estimation of changes in blood hematocrit ΔH [%] and temperatures ΔT [K] in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Zb of fixed blood volumes at varying H and T were measured by an impedance analyzer and changes in blood conductivity σb and relative permittivity εb computed. Correlation analysis were based on changes in σb with H or T at f = 1 MHz while H and T equations were developed by correlating changes in εb with H and T at dual frequencies of f = 1 MHz and f = 10 MHz which best capture blood plasma Zp and red blood cell cytoplasm Zcyt impedances respectively. Results show high correlations between σb and H (R2 = 0.987) or σb and T (R2 = 0.9959) indicating dependence of the electrical parameters of blood on its H and T. Based on computed εb, changes in blood hematocrit ΔH and temperature ΔT at a given time t are estimated as ΔH(t) = 1.7298Δεb (f = 1 MHz) - 1.0669Δεb (f = 10 MHz) and ΔT(t) = -2.186Δεb (f = 1 MHz) + 2.13Δεb (f = 10 MHz). When applied to a CPB during a canine mitral valve plasty, ΔH and ΔT had correlations of R2 = 0.9992 and R2 = 0.966 against H and T respectively as measured by conventional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wekesa Sifuna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Matsuura
- VCA Japan Shiraishi Animal Hospital, 4 Chome-33-2, Saitama, Sayamadai, Sayama, 350-1304, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3Chome-8-1, Harumicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8538, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Obara
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, 191-0065, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakajima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
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Gao Z, Darma PN, Kawashima D, Takei M. A High Accuracy Voltage Approximation Model Based on Object-oriented Sensitivity Matrix Estimation (OO-SME Model) in Electrical Impedance Tomography. J Electr Bioimpedance 2022; 13:106-115. [PMID: 36694883 PMCID: PMC9837871 DOI: 10.2478/joeb-2022-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The image reconstruction in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has low accuracy due to the approximation error between the measured voltage change and the approximated voltage change, from which the object cannot be accurately reconstructed and quantitatively evaluated. A voltage approximation model based on object-oriented sensitivity matrix estimation (OO-SME model) is proposed to reconstruct the image with high accuracy. In the OO-SME model, a sensitivity matrix of the object-field is estimated, and the sensitivity matrix change from the background-field to the object-field is estimated to optimize the approximated voltage change, from which the approximation error is eliminated to improve the reconstruction accuracy. Against the existing linear and nonlinear models, the approximation error in the OO-SME model is eliminated, thus an image with higher accuracy is reconstructed. The simulation shows that the OO-SME model reconstructs a more accurate image than the existing models for quantitative evaluation. The relative accuracy (RA) of reconstructed conductivity is increased up to 83.98% on average. The experiment of lean meat mass evaluation shows that the RA of lean meat mass is increased from 7.70% with the linear model to 54.60% with the OO-SME model. It is concluded that the OO-SME model reconstructs a more accurate image to evaluate the object quantitatively than the existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfeng Gao
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Kimura K, Prayitno YAK, Kawashima D, Sejati PA, Takei M. In situ particles deposition imaging in centrifugal fields by implemented SPH-DEM-ANN into linear sensor-type wireless electrical resistance tomography (lsWERT). POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yumita Y, Nagatomo Y, Takei M, Saji M, Goda A, Kohno T, Nakano S, Nishihata Y, Ikegami Y, Shiraishi Y, Kohsaka S, Yoshikawa T. “Target Heart Rate” calculated aiming at zero overlap of mitral E and A waves is useful for prediction of long-term outcome for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lower heart rate (HR) is associated with more favourable long-term outcome in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, an optimal threshold of HR remains unclear. Targeted HR (THR), defined by echocardiographic deceleration time (DCT) to eliminated overlap of E and A waves, may aid in risk stratification of HFrEF patients.
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to clarify the impact of on long-term clinical outcome in patients with HFrEF.
Methods
In the multicenter WET-HF registry, 4000 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HF (ADHF) were registered between 2006 and 2017. Among them, the patients with EF ≥40% or a history of atrial fibrillation were excluded. THR was calculated based on their DCT value measured in compensated HF phase during the index admission. The following formula was applied; THR (bpm)=93 - 0.13 × deceleration time (DCT, msec). A total of 876 patients with HFrEF were included in the present analysis (age: 72 [60–81], male: 69%) and the patients were divided into the 2 groups of HR at discharge ≤ THR (L group) and > THR (H group). The primary endpoint (PE) was defined as the composite of all-cause death and ADHF re-admission.
Results
Compared to the H group, the L group showed higher prevalence of males (74% vs. 66%, P=0.025) with higher body mass index (BMI, 23.2 vs. 22.2, P=0.016), hemoglobin (Hb, 12.9 vs. 12.4, P=0.031), albumin (Alb, 3.7 vs. 3.6, P=0.039) and larger left atrial diameter (LAD, 44 mm vs. 41 mm, P=0.002) and tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG, 29 mmHg vs. 27 mmHg, P=0.012). Age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), LVEF (29% vs. 30%, P=NS) and E/e' (17.7 vs. 16.8, P=NS) were similar for both groups. At discharge, HR was lower in L group (66 [60–71] bpm vs. 80 [74–86] bpm, P<0.001), albeit there were no significant differences in b-blocker prescription (90% vs. 85%, P=0.069) or its dose (3.75 [1.25–7.25] mg vs. 2.5 [1.25–5] mg, P=0.11).
In the survival analysis, the L group showed a significantly lower rate of PE (P=0.03), whereas there was no significant difference in the incidence of PE between the patients with HR at discharge ≥70 bpm and <70 bpm (P=NS).
Multivariate Cox hazard analysis showed that HR at discharge ≤ THR was an independent predictor of PE (hazard ratio 0.67 [0.46–0.97], P=0.037), even after adjusting for confounding factors including age, sex, BMI, Hb, Alb, and b-blocker prescription, whereas HR at discharge <70 bpm was not (hazard ratio 0.94 [0.65–1.33], P=0.71).
Conclusion
THR was associated with long-term outcomes in patients with HFrEF after acute decompensation, suggesting that it may aid in tailored treatment for HR reduction in these patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1Figure 2
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yumita
- National Defense Medical College, Department of Cardiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Nagatomo
- National Defense Medical College, Department of Cardiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Saiseikai Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Saji
- Sakakibara Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Goda
- Kyorin University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kohno
- Kyorin University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Nakano
- Saitama Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Nishihata
- St. Luke's International Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Ikegami
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shiraishi
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kohsaka
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshikawa
- Sakakibara Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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Sun B, Darma PN, Shirai T, Narita K, Takei M. Electrical-tomographic imaging of physiological-induced conductive response in calf muscle compartments during voltage intensity change of electrical muscle stimulation ( vic-EMS). Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34467954 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The electrical-tomographic imaging has been achieved for exploring differential tendency of physiological-induced conductive response in calf muscle compartments during voltage intensity change of electrical muscle stimulation (vic-EMS).Approach. In the experiments, the differential tendency of conductivity distribution imagesσduringvic-EMS were clearly imaged as three responsive muscle compartments, which are calledM1compartment composed of gastrocnemius muscle,M2compartment composed of tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus longus muscles, andM3compartment composed of soleus muscle.Main results. The differential tendency of spatial-mean conductivity 〈σ〉M1is the same as the differential tendency of venous blood flow velocityvbland blood lactate concentrationCblduringvic-EMS by the increased tendency of spatial-mean conductivity difference Δ〈σ〉M1, venous blood flow velocity difference Δvbland blood lactate concentration difference ΔCbl. The 〈σ〉M1is increased with the increase of voltage intensity from 〈σpre〉M1 = 0.142 [-] to 〈σl14 〉 M1 = 0.442 [-] (pre: pre-training,l14: voltage level duringvic-EMSl = 14) by Δ〈σl14-pre〉M1 = 204.2% (n = 16,p < 0.01). Correspondingly, thevblandCblare increased with the increase of voltage intensity by Δvbll14-pre= 1480.5% (n = 16,p < 0.01) and ΔCbll14-pre= 230.1% (n = 16,p < 0.01) respectively.Significance: The reason for the differential tendency of increase in <σ>M1suggests an increase in muscle extracellular volumes duringvic-EMS due to the co-effect of venous blood flow velocity and blood lactate metabolism. Based on the conductivity second-order difference images∂2σM1φ∂φ2φand spatial-mean conductivity second-order difference∂2σM1φ∂φ2φ,optimum voltage intensityφOVIis discussed among sixteen volunteer subjects, which increased with a thicker subcutaneous fat layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | | | | | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
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Dharma IA, Kawashima D, Baidillah MR, Darma PN, Takei M. In-vivoviscoelastic properties estimation in subcutaneous adipose tissue by integration of poroviscoelastic-mass transport model (pve-MTM) into wearable electrical impedance tomography (w-EIT). Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 7. [PMID: 33887715 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abfaea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In-vivoviscoelastic properties have been estimated in human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) by integration of poroviscoelastic-mass transport model (pve-MTM) into wearable electrical impedance tomography (w-EIT) under the influence of external compressive pressure-P.Thepve-MTM predicts the ion concentration distributioncmod(t)by coupling the poroviscoelastic and mass transport model to describe the hydrodynamics, rheology, and transport phenomena inside SAT. Thew-EIT measures the time-difference conductivity distribution∆γ(t)in SAT resulted from the ion transport. Based on the integration, the two viscoelastic properties which are viscoelastic shear modulus of SATGvand relaxation time of SATτvare estimated by applying an iterative curve-fitting between the normalized average ion concentration distributioncˆmod(t)predicted frompve-MTM and the experimental normalized average ion concentration distributioncˆexp(t)derived fromw-EIT. Thein-vivoexperiments were conducted by applying external compressive pressure-Pon human calf boundary to induce interstitial fluid flow and ion movement in SAT. As a result, the value ofGvwas range from 4.9-6.3 kPa and the value ofτvwas range from 27.50-38.5 s with the value of average goodness-of-fit curve fittingR2 > 0.76. These values ofGvandτvwere compared to the human and animal tissue from the literature in order to verify this method. The results frompve-MTM provide evidence thatGvandτvplay a role in the predicted value ofcˆmod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Aditya Dharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Jalan Kaliurang KM. 14,5, Sleman, D.I.Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Sun B, Baidillah MR, Darma PN, Shirai T, Narita K, Takei M. Evaluation of the effectiveness of electrical muscle stimulation on human calf muscles via frequency difference electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 33631732 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abe9ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The human skeletal muscle responds immediately under electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), and there is an immediate physiological response in human skeletal muscle. Non-invasive quantitative analysis is at the heart of our understanding of the physiological significance of human muscle changes under EMS. Response muscle areas of human calf muscles under EMS have been detected by frequency difference electrical impedance tomography (fd-EIT).Approach. The experimental protocol consists of four parts: pre-training (pre), training (tra), post-training (post), and relaxation (relax) parts. The relaxation part has three relaxation conditions, which are massage relaxation (MR), cold pack relaxation (CR), and hot pack relaxation (HR).Main results. From the experimental results, conductivity distribution imagesσp(pmeans protocol = pre,tra,post,or relax) are clearly reconstructed byfd-EIT as response muscle areas, which are called theM1response area (composed of gastrocnemius muscle) and theM2response area (composed of the tibialis anterior muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, and peroneus longus muscle). A paired samplest-test was conducted to elucidate the statistical significance of spatial-mean conductivities 〈σp〉M1and 〈σp〉M2inM1andM2with reference to the conventional extracellular water ratioβpby bioelectrical impedance analysis. Significance. From thet-test results, 〈σp〉M1and〈σp〉M2have good correlation withβp. In the post-training part, 〈σpost〉 andβpostwere significantly higher than in the pre-training part (n = 24,p < 0.001). The relax-pre difference ratios of spatial-mean conductivity Δ〈σrelax-pre〉 and the relax-pre difference ratios of extracellular water ratio Δβrelax-prein both MR and CR were lower; on the contrary, the Δ〈σrelax-pre〉 and Δβrelax-prein HR were significantly higher than those in post-pre difference ratios of spatial-mean conductivity Δ〈σpost-pre〉 (n = 8,p < 0.05). The reason for the changes in 〈σp〉M1and 〈σp〉M2are caused by the changes in muscle extracellular volumes. In conclusion,fd-EIT satisfactorily evaluates the effectiveness of human calf muscles under EMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | - Panji Nursetia Darma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
| | | | | | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Japan
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Kumagawa M, Matsumoto N, Miura K, Ogawa M, Takahashi H, Hatta Y, Kondo R, Koizumi N, Takei M, Moriyama M. Correlation between alterations in blood flow of malignant lymphomas after induction chemotherapies and clinical outcomes: a pilot study utilising contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for early interim evaluation of lymphoma treatment. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:550.e9-550.e17. [PMID: 33691950 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To clarify the utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for interim evaluation of response to chemotherapy in lymphoma treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS CEUS was performed both before (day 0) and after the treatment (7 and/or 14 days), and a time-intensity curve was obtained. The patients were divided into two groups (complete remission [CR] group and non-CR group) according to the results of conventional response evaluation, and peak enhancement (PE), time to peak enhancement, perfusion index (PI), the total area under the curve during wash-in (AUC-in), and the total AUC were compared between the groups. RESULTS Among 27 patients with various types of lymphoma, the median change ratio of PE and PI at day 7 evaluation were significantly different between the CR group and the non-CR group (0.81 versus 1.39, p=0.017 for PE and 0.92 versus 2.09, p=0.010 for PI). The change ratio of PE < 1.09 (specificity: 86%; sensitivity, 88%) and PI < 1.65 (specificity: 86%; sensitivity: 94%) distinguished CR from non-CR. Patients who achieved a PE change ratio <1.09 or a PI change ratio <1.65 had significantly better estimated progression-free survival (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that changes in tumour perfusion parameters evaluated with CEUS at 1 week after the treatment initiation were significantly different between lymphoma patients in CR group and non-CR group. Alterations in perfusion parameters evaluated via CEUS could impact the prognosis of lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kumagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - K Miura
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - M Ogawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Hatta
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Kondo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1, Chofugaoka, Chofu-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Koizumi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1, Chofugaoka, Chofu-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Moriyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Bao H, Li J, Wen J, Cheng L, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Wan N, Takei M. Quantitative Evaluation of Burn Injuries Based on Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy of Blood with a Seven-Parameter Equivalent Circuit. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21041496. [PMID: 33670072 PMCID: PMC7926917 DOI: 10.3390/s21041496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative and rapid burn injury detection method has been proposed based on the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of blood with a seven-parameter equivalent circuit. The degree of burn injury is estimated from the electrical impedance characteristics of blood with different volume proportions of red blood cells (RBCs) and heated red blood cells (HRBCs). A quantitative relationship between the volume portion HHCT of HRBCs and the electrical impedance characteristics of blood has been demonstrated. A seven -parameter equivalent circuit is employed to quantify the relationship from the perspective of electricity. Additionally, the traditional Hanai equation has been modified to verify the experimental results. Results show that the imaginary part of impedance ZImt under the characteristic frequency (fc) has a linear relationship with HHCT which could be described by ZImt = −2.56HHCT − 2.01 with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Moreover, the relationship between the plasma resistance Rp and HHCT is obtained as Rp = −7.2HHCT + 3.91 with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 from the seven -parameter equivalent circuit. This study shows the feasibility of EIS in the quantitative detection of burn injury by the quantitative parameters ZImt and Rp, which might be meaningful for the follow-up clinical treatment for burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilu Bao
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Jianping Li
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jianming Wen
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Li Cheng
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Yili Hu
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Nen Wan
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (H.B.); (J.W.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Artificial System Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan;
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22
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Tran AK, Kawashima D, Sugarawa M, Obara H, Okeyo KO, Takei M. Development of a noise elimination electrical impedance spectroscopy (neEIS) system for single cell identification. Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2020.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Takei M, Harada K, Miyazaki T, Kohsaka S, Matsushita K, Shiraishi Y, Shinme T, Shindo A, Miyamoto T, Kitano D, Kodera S, Nakano H, Yamamoto T, Takayama M. Effect of air pollution on acute heart failure hospitalization differ across specific heart failure populations. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Several report showed the association between ambient air pollution including particular matter under 2.5um (PM2.5) and increasing rate of hospitalization for heart failure. However, these report analyzed mainly cross-sectional, epidemiological data, thus the reports regarding association between vulnerability to PM2.5 and specific populations in acute heart failure (AHF) were scarce.
Purpose
1. To analyze the association between air pollution and rate of hospitalization for AHF
2. To analyze whether the vulnerability to air pollution differ between specific populations in AHF. Methods
A case-cross over analysis was conducted to 4980 consecutive patients registered for multicenter acute heart failure registry in 2017 in our city Japan. This registry enrolled patients transferred to cardiovascular care unit (80 institutions) via emergency medical services across our city area. Logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate percentage changes in the rate of acute heart failure hospitalization associated with per 1μg/m3 PM2.5 concentration increase. We also conducted subgroup analysis for patients stratified by age, gender, comorbidities, left ventricular ejection fraction, and clinical scenario.
Results
An increase in 1 μg/m3 PM2.5 concentration corresponded to 2.9% (95% CI 1.2–4.6%) increase in AHF hospitalization. Patients with age younger than 75, without prior heart failure hospitalization, without history of hypertension, without anemia, and with reduced ejection fraction were more susceptible to increase in PM2.5 concentration (Figure).
Conclusions
Increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with increased rate of AHF hospitalization. Effect of PM2.5 may differ across specific AHF subpopulations.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Tokyo Metropolitan Government
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takei
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Harada
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Miyazaki
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kohsaka
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shiraishi
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Shinme
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Shindo
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Miyamoto
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Kitano
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kodera
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nakano
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takayama
- Tokyo CCU Network, Scientific Committee, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawashima D, Li S, Obara H, Takei M. Low-Frequency Impedance-Based Cell Discrimination Considering Ion Transport Model in Cell Suspension. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:1015-1023. [PMID: 32746028 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3002980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency impedance-based (LFI) cell discrimination as a novel non-destructive and non-invasive cell discrimination is proposed. LFI cell discrimination discriminates the cell type by considering an ion transport model in cell suspension. Ion transport model in cell suspension is constructed on the basis of Fick's laws of diffusion in the extracellular region under ion permeability P which represents the characteristics of cell type. P is achieved using the ion transport model equation through an iterative curve fitting to an ion concentration in extracellular region obtained from low-frequency impedance which is assumed to be linearly related to the ion concentration in extracellular region. In experiment, the electrical impedance spectra from the frequency of 200 kHz to 2.0 MHz are measured over time during producing ions from intracellular region to extracellular one in cell suspension using an impedance analyzer and an interdigitated array electrode system. As a target cell type, two different cell types based on Medical Research Council 5 (MRC-5), which are different in intracellular component are used. The curve fitting is performed for the low-frequency impedance at 200 kHz at which impedance reflects the ion concentration in extracellular region in order to obtain P of each cell type. As a result, each cell type has its own P. The proposed LFI cell discrimination successfully discriminates the cell type.
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25
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Sifuna MW, Koishi M, Uemura T, Tatekawa H, Haneishi H, Sapkota A, Takei M. Connector sensors for permittivity-based thrombus monitoring in extracorporeal life support. J Artif Organs 2020; 24:15-21. [PMID: 32638141 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-020-01190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracorporeal circulation is vital in cardiovascular surgery, but thrombus formation at connector interface is a major threat. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is presently used to monitor thrombogenesis at connectors, but it is expensive to install and complex to use. This study fabricated and evaluated a connector sensor for real-time permittivity-based thrombus monitoring at tube-connector interface. Computational simulations were initially done to pre-evaluate the applicability of connector sensor. The sensor was fabricated by incorporating two stainless steel electrodes on acrylic tube for measuring permittivity changes at the tube-connector interface. OCT images were also taken from the interface at intervals for comparisons. Results show that the sensor was able to detect thrombus formation at the interface in form of sudden rise in permittivity after time t = 9 min. The permittivity changes were confirmed by OCT images which showed thrombus formation after time t = 14 min implying that permittivity changes were due to regional aggregation of red blood cells. The connector sensor is therefore envisioned as an affordable alternative to OCT for real-time permittivity-based monitoring of thrombogenesis at tube-connector interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin W Sifuna
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Madoka Koishi
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuo Uemura
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hanako Tatekawa
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hideaki Haneishi
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Achyut Sapkota
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kisarazu College, 2-11-1 Kiyomidai-Higashi, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0041, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Division of Fundamental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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26
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Maung CO, Kawashima D, Darma PN, Takei M. Real-time controlling particle distribution in pneumatic conveyance by electrical capacitance tomography with airflow injection system (ECT-AIS). ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Sifuna MW, Baidillah MR, Sapkota A, Takei M. A Cole‐Cole Dielectric Relaxation Analysis of Albumin and γ‐Globulins for Protein Quantification by Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wekesa Sifuna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Div. Fundamental Engineering Chiba University 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Div. Fundamental Engineering Chiba University 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Achyut Sapkota
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology Kisarazu College 2-11-1 Kiyomidai-Higashi, Kisarazu 292-0041 Chiba Japan E-mai.l
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Div. Fundamental Engineering Chiba University 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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28
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Maung CO, Kawashima D, Oshima H, Tanaka Y, Yamane Y, Takei M. Particle volume flow rate measurement by combination of dual electrical capacitance tomography sensor and plug flow shape model. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Ogawa R, Baidillah MR, Akita S, Takei M. Investigation of Physiological Swelling on Conductivity Distribution in Lower Leg Subcutaneous Tissue by Electrical Impedance Tomography. J Electr Bioimpedance 2020; 11:19-25. [PMID: 33584899 PMCID: PMC7531098 DOI: 10.2478/joeb-2020-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a strong need for a non-invasive measurement technique that is capable of accurately identifying the physiological condition change or heterogeneity of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) by localizing the abnormalities within the compartment. This paper aims to investigate the feasibility of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) to assess the interstitial fluid in subcutaneous adipose tissue as an enhancement method of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). Here, we demonstrate the preliminary result of EIT with a wearable 16 electrodes sensor. The image-based reference EIT with fat weighted threshold method is proposed. In order to evaluate the performance of our novel method, a physiological swelling experiment is conducted, and Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (MFBIA) is also applied as a comparison with EIT results. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was able to distinguish the physiological swelling condition and effectively to remove the unexpected background noise. Furthermore, the conductivity variation in the subcutaneous layer had a good correlation with extracellular water volume change from MFBIA data; the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.927. It is concluded that the proposed method provides a significant prospect for SAT assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ogawa
- Graduate School of Science & Eng., Dept. Mechanical Eng., Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M. R. Baidillah
- Graduate School of Science & Eng., Dept. Mechanical Eng., Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - S. Akita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dept. Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M. Takei
- Graduate School of Science & Eng., Dept. Mechanical Eng., Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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30
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Shinada K, Kohno T, Fukuda K, Higashitani M, Kawamatsu N, Kitai T, Shibata T, Takei M, Nochioka K, Nakazawa G, Shiomi H, Miyashita M, Mizuno A. 2206Prevalence and determinants of complicated grief in bereaved caregivers of patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Few studies have examined complicated grief in bereaved caregivers of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), in contrast with studies in caregivers of patients with cancers. We examined the prevalence and determinants of complicated grief among bereaved caregivers of patients with CVD.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire for bereaved family members of CVD patients who had died in the cardiology departments of 9 tertiary care centers in Japan. We assessed bereaved caregiver grief status using the Brief Grief Questionnaire (BGQ), and its association with their depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]). Questionnaire also covered following associated factors: bereaved family member and patient characteristics, end-of-life care (Care Evaluation Scale [CES], a scale for assessment of the structure and process of care); and the quality of the deceased patients' death (Good Death Inventory [GDI]).
Results
A total of 269 bereaved caregivers (mean age, 64±12 years; 35% male) of patients with CVD (heart failure n=155 myocardial infarction n=32, cardiopulmonary arrest n=15, arrhythmia n=8, and others n=59) were enrolled in the study. Overall, 14.1% of the bereaved caregivers had complicated grief (BGQ≥8), 32.3% had subthreshold complicated grief (BGQ=5–7), and 13.3% had depression (PHQ-9≥10). Bereaved caregivers with complicated grief frequently developed depression (58% vs. 6%, p<0.001). Among the bereaved caregivers with complicated grief, the assessment of end-of-life care was worse (CES score: 28 [21–40] vs. 23 [19–39], p=0.04), and the assessment of the deceased patients' quality of death tended to be worse (GDI score: 4.0 [3.0–4.8] vs. 4.3 [3.7–4.9], p=0.05). The cause of admission as well as preferences of the patient and family (e.g., treatment [focusing on extending life vs. relieving discomfort], desire for information, place of end-of-life) were not associated with the prevalence of complicated grief. The prevalence of complicated grief was associated with loss of a spouse, poor psychological health during the deceased patients' admission, and poor preparation for the patient's imminent death (all p<0.05). Bereaved caregivers with complicated grief had experienced more decisional burdens regarding the deceased patients' treatment (55% vs. 25%, p=0.001). Notably, 64% of bereaved caregivers with complicated grief were not treated (i.e., neither routine follow-up by psychiatrists/psychotherapist nor prescription for anti-depressants/tranquilizers).
Conclusions
The prevalence of complicated grief of bereavement was 14.0%. When subthreshold complicated grief was included, the prevalence of complicated grief increased to include half of the caregivers; therefore, routine screening of the bereaved could be recommended. Clinicians should pay particular attention to bereaved families with high risk factors to identify those at risk for future development of complicated grief.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shinada
- Keio University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kohno
- Keio University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Fukuda
- Keio University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Higashitani
- Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N Kawamatsu
- Mito Saiseikai General Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Kitai
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Departments of 1) Cardiovascular Medicine and 2) Clinical Research Support, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Shibata
- Kurume University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nochioka
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - G Nakazawa
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Shiomi
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Miyashita
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - A Mizuno
- St. Luke's International Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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Endo A, Sawano M, Ikemura N, Takei M, Suzuki K, Hasegawa T, Takahashi T, Nakagawa S, Fukuda K, Kohsaka S. P684Long-term outcomes in patients with cancer undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: analysis from a Japan multicenter registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in developed countries, and substantial overlap exist in their medical care. However, the detailed and updated information on outcome of cancer patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly in clinically significant coronary artery disease (CAD) remain unknown.
Purpose
We sought to describe the prevalence and long-term outcomes of cancer patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which has become a coronerstone in the management of CVD.
Methods
Patient data extracted from a regional prospectiveprocedure-based multicenter registry for PCI was analyzed. A total of 4,455 patients who underwent PCI at 15 hospitals within metropolitan Tokyo from September 2008 to 2012 were followed for 2 years. “Active” cancer patient was defined as having a history of cancer not cured or in remission. We analyzed in acute and stable presentation.The occurrence of clinical outcomes was assessed via Kaplan-Meier survival curve, and Cox-regression hazard model to adjust for known clinical predictors.
Results
Within the studied patients, 173 (3.9%) had a concomitant “active” cancer at the time of intervention. There was a significant difference between the patients with and without active cancer in each situation. In stable presentation, cancer group were older, lower BMI, frequently had silent ischemia, COPD and cerebrovascular/peripheral disease, and less often had dyslipidemia compared with non-cancer group. In acute presentation, cancer group were older, frequently had COPD, CKD, peripheral disease and history of HF compared with non-cancer group. The prescription rate of RAAS inhibitor was lower in the cancer group than in the non-cancer group in acute presentation. Notably, in both acute and stable presentation, these patients had significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 8.01: 95%, p<0.001 and HR5.53: 95%, p<0.001, respectively), and they were also at higher risk of major cardo- and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; HR2.38, p<0.001, HR2.33, p=0.001), when referenced to non-cancer patients after 2 year of follow-up.
Conclusion
Cancer patient was present in 3.9% of all PCI patients and was strongly associated with both non-cardiac and cardiac adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Endo
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Sawano
- Keio University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Ikemura
- Keio University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Hasegawa
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Nakagawa
- Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Fukuda
- Keio University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kohsaka
- Keio University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
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Shiraishi Y, Kohsaka S, Katsuki T, Harada K, Miyamoto T, Matsushita K, Iida K, Takei M, Fukuda K, Yamamoto T, Nagao K, Takayama M. P2622Use of intravenous vasodilators in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure: insights from Tokyo cardiovascular care unit network database. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Despite recommendations from clinical practice guidelines, there is scant evidence confirming the effects of vasodilators on clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).
Purpose
We sought to investigate the effects of intravenous vasodilators on clinical outcomes and to identify the potential patient populations that would benefit from its use.
Methods
Data of 26 212 consecutive patients urgently hospitalized for AHF between 2009 and 2015 were extracted from a multicenter data registration system (Tokyo Cardiovascular Care Unit Network Database, including 72 institutions within the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan). Patients who did not present with typical AHF episodes, including those without pulmonary congestion on physical and/or chest X-ray and serum B-type natriuretic peptide level <500 pg/ml, as well as those who had hypotension and/or hypoperfusion (systolic blood pressure [SBP] <100 mmHg) as dominant presentation, were excluded. Propensity scores were calculated with multiple imputation and 1:1 matching performed between patients with and without vasodilators. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality and the secondary endpoints were length of intensive/cardiovascular care unit (ICU/CCU) stay and hospital stay.
Results
Overall, 8 863 patients were included in the present analysis; they were predominantly male (57%) with a median age of 79 (interquartile range: 70–86) years. Compared with the group without vasodilator use, the vasodilator group had higher SBPs and heart rates and higher frequency of assisted ventilation use, but lower frequency of intravenous diuretics use. After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality rates (7.8% vs. 8.9% in patients without vasodilators, p=0.16) or in length of ICU/CCU stay (5.8 days vs. 5.4 days, p=0.44) and hospital stay (22.7 days vs. 23.8 days, p=0.22) between the groups. However, in subgroup analyses, favorable impacts of vasodilator use on in-hospital mortality were observed among patients who had higher SBPs and among those who had no atrial fibrillation upon admission (Figure). In addition, vasodilators were likely to be more effective in AHF patients with SBP increasing; while levels below 140 mmHg of SBP appeared to be associated with an increased risk for mortality among patients treated with vasodilators compared with those without vasodilators.
Figure 1
Conclusions
In patients with AHF, vasodilator use was not universally associated with improved in-hospital outcomes; however, its effect was dependent of individual clinical presentation. Detailed phenotyping might aid tailoring of treatment strategies for patients with AHF.
Acknowledgement/Funding
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K Iida
- Tokyo CCU Network, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Tokyo CCU Network, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - K Nagao
- Tokyo CCU Network, Tokyo, Japan
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Sato N, Yao J, Kawashima D, Takei M. Numerical Study of Enhancement of Positive Dielectrophoresis Particle Trapping in Electrode-Multilayered Microfluidic Device. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:2936-2944. [PMID: 30762523 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2898876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of positive dielectrophoresis (pDEP) particle trapping by a co-occurring fluid flow under an ac electric field in an electrode-multilayered microfluidic device is investigated by three-dimensional particle-fluid flow simulations. The particle motion near one cross section of the microfluidic device is simulated under a zero flow condition by the Eulerian-Lagrangian method incorporating the ac electrothermal effect, thermal buoyancy, and dielectrophoresis. The mean trapping rate under the steady state Rm is evaluated from the simulated number of trapped particles Ntrap for 54 cases with four parameters: electrode excitation pattern, medium conductivity σ, applied voltage ϕe, and the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor Re[K(ω)]. The simulated pDEP velocity in the upper part of the flow channel is validated by an experiment using cell suspension and is fitted so that the non-dimensional velocity error is within 15% of a typical velocity of pDEP. The mean trapping rate Rm is greatly increased by the fluid flow only in the high conductivity and high voltage cases. Regardless of the electrode excitation pattern, Rm increased almost proportionally to the inflow rate into the capture region, where the pDEP force is effective. From a fitted equation of the results, the increase of Rm when Re[K(ω)] = 0.1 to 0.5 is found to be about 20% to 30% of the number of particles transported into the capture regions. The results quantify the enhancement of pDEP trapping by the fluid flow occurring under practical conditions in the device.
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Sato N, Yao J, Sugawara M, Takei M. Numerical Study of Particle-Fluid Flow Under AC Electrokinetics in Electrode-Multilayered Microfluidic Device. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:453-463. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2849004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sato A, Takei M, Hiramatsu K, Takeda T, Miyamoto T, Yamazaki M, Sato Y, Komatsu M. Effects of Sitagliptin on Pancreatic Beta-Cells in Type 2 Diabetes With Sulfonylurea Treatment: A Prospective Randomized Study. J Clin Med Res 2019; 11:15-20. [PMID: 30627273 PMCID: PMC6306137 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This prospective randomized, multicenter, open-label, comparative study was performed to analyze the effects of sitagliptin on glycemic control and maintenance of beta-cell function in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes treated with low-dose glimepiride. Methods Forty-one patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with low-dose glimepiride (≤ 2 mg/day) were prospectively enrolled in this study (age: 20 - 75 years; hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): 7.4- 9.4%). The patients were randomized into two groups: the glimepiride (G) group, in which glimepiride dose was increased gradually to 6 mg/day, and the sitagliptin (S) group, in which sitagliptin was added at a dose of 50 mg/day. Results HbA1c level was significantly decreased after 24 weeks, but not 12 weeks, in the G group, while a significant decrease was seen after 12 weeks in the S group. Although there were no significant differences in HbA1c level at 24 weeks between the two groups (P = 0.057). The overall trend of changes in HbA1c level suggested that the glucose-lowering effects were superior in the S group. Furthermore, a significant change in fasting glucose was seen in the S group, but not in the G group. Glycemic control target was achieved in 36.7% and 16.7% patients in the S group and the G group, respectively. The proinsulin/insulin (P/I) ratio was significantly increased in the G group, whereas it tended to decrease in the S group. After 24 weeks of treatment, no significant difference was observed in the P/I ratio between the two groups, whereas a significant difference was noted in the ΔP/I (amount of change). Albuminuria tended to increase in the G group compared with the S group. Conclusion The results of the present study suggested that sitagliptin effectively lowered hyperglycemia and that it may have a protective effect on pancreatic beta-cells when combined with a low dose of glimepiride. Therefore, sitagliptin may represent a useful combination therapy with low-dose sulfonylurea, not only for achieving glycemic control but also for protection of pancreatic beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sato
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,AS and MT equally contributed to this study
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,AS and MT equally contributed to this study
| | | | | | | | - Masanori Yamazaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sato
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Komatsu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Yao J, Zhu G, Zhao T, Takei M. Microfluidic device embedding electrodes for dielectrophoretic manipulation of cells-A review. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:1166-1177. [PMID: 30378130 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic device embedding electrodes realizes cell manipulation with the help of dielectrophoresis. Cell manipulation is an important technology for cell sorting and cell population purification. Till now, the theory of dielectrophoresis has been greatly developed. Microfluidic devices with various arrangements of electrodes have been reported from the beginning of the single non-uniform electric field to the later multiple physical fields. This paper reviews the research status of microfluidic device embedding electrodes for cell manipulation based on dielectrophoresis. Firstly, the working principle of dielectrophoresis is explained. Next, cell manipulation approaches based on dielectrophoresis are introduced. Then, different types of electrode arrangements in the microfluidic device for cell manipulation are discussed, including planar, multilayered and microarray dot electrodes. Finally, the future development trend of the dielectrophoresis with the help of microfluidic devices is prospected. With the rapid development of microfluidic technology, in the near future, high precision, high throughput, high efficiency, multifunctional, portable, economical and practical microfluidic dielectrophoresis will be widely used in the fields of biology, medicine, agriculture and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Yao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Guiping Zhu
- College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi`an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, P. R. China
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-0022, Japan
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Liu X, Yao J, Zhao T, Obara H, Cui Y, Takei M. Image Reconstruction Under Contact Impedance Effect in Micro Electrical Impedance Tomography Sensors. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst 2018; 12:623-631. [PMID: 29877825 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2018.2816946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contact impedance has an important effect on micro electrical impedance tomography (EIT) sensors compared to conventional macro sensors. In the present work, a complex contact impedance effect ratio ξ is defined to quantitatively evaluate the effect of the contact impedance on the accuracy of the reconstructed images by micro EIT. Quality of the reconstructed image under various ξ is estimated by the phantom simulation to find the optimum algorithm. The generalized vector sampled pattern matching (GVSPM) method reveals the best image quality and the best tolerance to ξ. Moreover, the images of yeast cells sedimentary distribution in a multilayered microchannel are reconstructed by the GVSPM method under various mean magnitudes of contact impedance effect ratio |ξ|. The result shows that the best image quality that has the smallest voltage error UE = 0.581 is achieved with measurement frequency f = 1 MHz and mean magnitude |ξ| = 26. In addition, the reconstructed images of cells distribution become improper while f < 10 kHz and mean value of |ξ| > 2400.
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Yokoe I, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi Y, Giles JT, Yoneyama K, Kitamura N, Takei M. Impact of tocilizumab on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis without cardiac symptoms. Scand J Rheumatol 2018; 47:364-370. [DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2017.1418424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Yokoe
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kobayashi
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Imaging Informatics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - JT Giles
- Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
| | - K Yoneyama
- Department of Cardiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - N Kitamura
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yao J, Sugawara M, Obara H, Mizutani T, Takei M. Distinct Motion of GFP-Tagged Histone Expressing Cells Under AC Electrokinetics in Electrode-Multilayered Microfluidic Device. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst 2017; 11:1450-1458. [PMID: 28809711 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2017.2729584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The distinct motion of GFP-tagged histone expressing cells (Histone-GFP type cells) has been investigated under ac electrokinetics in an electrode-multilayered microfluidic device as compared with Wild type cells and GFP type cells in terms of different intracellular components. The Histone-GFP type cells were modified by the transfection of green fluorescent protein-fused histone from the human lung fibroblast cell line. The velocity of the Histone-GFP type cells obtained by particle tracking velocimetry technique is faster than Wild type cells by 24.9% and GFP type cells by 57.1%. This phenomenon is caused by the more amount of proteins in the intracellular of single Histone-GFP type cell than that of the Wild type and GFP type cells. The more amount of proteins in the Histone-GFP type cells corresponds to a lower electric permittivity ϵc of the cells, which generates a lower dielectrophoretic force exerting on the cells. The velocity of Histone-GFP type cells is well agreed with Eulerian-Lagrangian two-phase flow simulation by 4.2% mean error, which proves that the fluid motion driven by thermal buoyancy and electrothermal force dominates the direction of cells motion, while the distinct motion of Histone-GFP type cells is caused by dielectrophoretic force. The fluid motion does not generate a distinct drag motion for Histone-GFP type cells because the Histone-GFP type cells have the same size to the Wild type and GFP type cells. These results clarified the mechanism of cells motion in terms of intracellular components, which helps to improve the cell manipulation efficiency with electrokinetics.
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Sato K, Takei M, Iyota R, Muraoka Y, Nagashima M, Yoshimura Y. Indomethacin inhibits melanogenesis via down-regulation of Mitf mRNA transcription. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:2307-2313. [PMID: 29090638 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1394812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exhibit several divergent biological effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of indomethacin on melanin synthesis using B16F1 melanoma cells. Indomethacin inhibited α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-enhanced melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting analysis revealed that indomethacin significantly suppressed tyrosinase and Mitf protein levels. In a luciferase reporter assay, we found that indomethacin reduced tyrosinase promoter activity. Moreover, real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that indomethacin lowered mRNA levels of melanogenic genes, including Mitf. Together, our findings indicate that indomethacin inhibits melanogenesis via the suppression of Mitf transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Sato
- a Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Machida, Tokyo , Japan.,c Graduate School of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- a Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Machida, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ray Iyota
- a Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Machida, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Muraoka
- a Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Machida, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Marika Nagashima
- a Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Machida, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yoshimura
- b Department of Advanced Food Sciences, College of Agriculture , Machida, Tokyo , Japan.,c Graduate School of Agriculture , Tamagawa University , Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo , Japan
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Wang Z, Zhao T, Yao J, Liu K, Takei M. Influence of particle size on the exit effect of a full-scale rolling circulating fluidized bed. Particulate Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2016.1276496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Division of Artificial Systems Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tong Zhao
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Division of Artificial Systems Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiafeng Yao
- Division of Artificial Systems Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Division of Artificial Systems Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Kobayashi Y, Kobayashi H, Giles J, Yokoe I, Nishiwaki A, Takei M. Impact of biological treatment on left ventricular function and morphology in rheumatoid arthritis patients without cardiac symptoms, assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Scand J Rheumatol 2017; 46:328-329. [PMID: 28276954 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2016.1173722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kobayashi
- a Department of Advanced Biomedical Imaging Informatics , St Marianna University School of Medicine , Kawasaki , Japan
| | - H Kobayashi
- b Division of Haematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , Nihon University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - J Giles
- c Division of Rheumatology , Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons , New York , NY , USA
| | - I Yokoe
- b Division of Haematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , Nihon University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - A Nishiwaki
- b Division of Haematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , Nihon University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - M Takei
- b Division of Haematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine , Nihon University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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Sapkota A, Nguyen Huu D, Takei M. Electrical Circuit Modelling and Experimental Evaluation of the Blood Undergoing Thrombosis. Biophys J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.1647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Yokoe I, Kobayashi H, Nishiwaki A, Sugiyama K, Nagasawa Y, Karasawa H, Iwata M, Nozaki T, Ikumi N, Inomata H, Shiraiwa H, Kitamura N, Takei M. FRI0204 Effect of Tocilizumab Treatment on QTc Interval in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis without Cardiac Symptoms. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Nishiwaki A, Kobayashi H, Nagasawa Y, Sugiyama K, Ikumi N, Nozaki T, Inomata H, Karasawa H, Shiraiwa H, Iwata M, Kitamura N, Takei M. FRI0119 The Association between QTc Interval and Myocardial Abnormalities in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients without Cardiac Symptoms, by Assessed Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sugiyama K, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi Y, Nagasawa Y, Ikumi N, Nozaki T, Inomata H, Shiraiwa H, Karasawa H, Iwata M, Kitamura N, Matsukawa Y, Takei M. THU0337 Raynaud Phenomenon Is Associated with Myocardial Fibrosis in Primary Sjögren Syndrome, Assessed by A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Approach: A Prospective Pilot Study at A Single Center. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yao J, Obara H, Sapkota A, Takei M. Development of three-dimensional integrated microchannel-electrode system to understand the particles' movement with electrokinetics. Biomicrofluidics 2016; 10:024105. [PMID: 27042247 PMCID: PMC4798993 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An optical transparent 3-D Integrated Microchannel-Electrode System (3-DIMES) has been developed to understand the particles' movement with electrokinetics in the microchannel. In this system, 40 multilayered electrodes are embedded at the 2 opposite sides along the 5 square cross-sections of the microchannel by using Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems technology in order to achieve the optical transparency at the other 2 opposite sides. The concept of the 3-DIMES is that the particles are driven by electrokinetic forces which are dielectrophoretic force, thermal buoyancy, electrothermal force, and electroosmotic force in a three-dimensional scope by selecting the excitation multilayered electrodes. As a first step to understand the particles' movement driven by electrokinetic forces in high conductive fluid (phosphate buffer saline (PBS)) with the 3-DIMES, the velocities of particles' movement with one pair of the electrodes are measured three dimensionally by Particle Image Velocimetry technique in PBS; meanwhile, low conductive fluid (deionized water) is used as a reference. Then, the particles' movement driven by the electrokinetic forces is discussed theoretically to estimate dominant forces exerting on the particles. Finally, from the theoretical estimation, the particles' movement mainly results from the dominant forces which are thermal buoyancy and electrothermal force, while the velocity vortex formed at the 2 edges of the electrodes is because of the electroosmotic force. The conclusions suggest that the 3-DIMES with PBS as high conductive fluid helps to understand the three-dimensional advantageous flow structures for cell manipulation in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University , Chiba 263-0022, Japan
| | - H Obara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - A Sapkota
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology , Kisarazu College, Chiba 292-0041, Japan
| | - M Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University , Chiba 263-0022, Japan
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Zhao T, Yao J, Liu K, Takei M. Investigation of particle inertial migration in high particle concentration suspension flow by multi-electrodes sensing and Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation in a square microchannel. Biomicrofluidics 2016; 10:024120. [PMID: 27158288 PMCID: PMC4833750 DOI: 10.1063/1.4946012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The inertial migration of neutrally buoyant spherical particles in high particle concentration (αpi > 3%) suspension flow in a square microchannel was investigated by means of the multi-electrodes sensing method which broke through the limitation of conventional optical measurement techniques in the high particle concentration suspensions due to interference from the large particle numbers. Based on the measured particle concentrations near the wall and at the corner of the square microchannel, particle cross-sectional migration ratios are calculated to quantitatively estimate the migration degree. As a result, particle migration to four stable equilibrium positions near the centre of each face of the square microchannel is found only in the cases of low initial particle concentration up to 5.0 v/v%, while the migration phenomenon becomes partial as the initial particle concentration achieves 10.0 v/v% and disappears in the cases of the initial particle concentration αpi ≥ 15%. In order to clarify the influential mechanism of particle-particle interaction on particle migration, an Eulerian-Lagrangian numerical model was proposed by employing the Lennard-Jones potential as the inter-particle potential, while the inertial lift coefficient is calculated by a pre-processed semi-analytical simulation. Moreover, based on the experimental and simulation results, a dimensionless number named migration index was proposed to evaluate the influence of the initial particle concentration on the particle migration phenomenon. The migration index less than 0.1 is found to denote obvious particle inertial migration, while a larger migration index denotes the absence of it. This index is helpful for estimation of the maximum initial particle concentration for the design of inertial microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiafeng Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University , Chiba 263-0022, Japan
| | - Kai Liu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology , Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University , Chiba 263-0022, Japan
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49
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Yao J, Sapkota A, Konno H, Obara H, Sugawara M, Takei M. Noninvasive online measurement of particle size and concentration in liquid–particle mixture by estimating equivalent circuit of electrical double layer. Particulate Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2015.1089345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yamaoka M, Ando T, Terabayashi T, Okamoto M, Takei M, Nishioka T, Kaibuchi K, Matsunaga K, Ishizaki R, Izumi T, Niki I, Ishizaki T, Kimura T. PI3K regulates endocytosis after insulin secretion by mediating signaling crosstalk between Arf6 and Rab27a. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:637-49. [PMID: 26683831 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.180141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In secretory cells, endocytosis is coupled to exocytosis to enable proper secretion. Although endocytosis is crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis before and after secretion, knowledge about secretagogue-induced endocytosis in secretory cells is still limited. Here, we searched for proteins that interacted with the Rab27a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) EPI64 (also known as TBC1D10A) and identified the Arf6 guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) ARNO (also known as CYTH2) in pancreatic β-cells. We found that the insulin secretagogue glucose promotes phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) generation through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), thereby recruiting ARNO to the intracellular side of the plasma membrane. Peripheral ARNO promotes clathrin assembly through its GEF activity for Arf6 and regulates the early stage of endocytosis. We also found that peripheral ARNO recruits EPI64 to the same area and that the interaction requires glucose-induced endocytosis in pancreatic β-cells. Given that GTP- and GDP-bound Rab27a regulate exocytosis and the late stage of endocytosis, our results indicate that the glucose-induced activation of PI3K plays a pivotal role in exocytosis-endocytosis coupling, and that ARNO and EPI64 regulate endocytosis at distinct stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Yamaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ando
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Takeshi Terabayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takei
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishioka
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan JST, CREST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kohichi Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Ray Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Ichiro Niki
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Ishizaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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