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Imran KM, Gannon J, Morrison HA, Tupik JD, Tintera B, Nagai-Singer MA, Ivester H, Madanick JM, Hendricks-Wenger A, Uh K, Luyimbazi DT, Edwards M, Coutermarsh-Ott S, Eden K, Byron C, Clark-Deener S, Lee K, Vlaisavljevich E, Allen IC. Successful In Situ Targeting of Pancreatic Tumors in a Novel Orthotopic Porcine Model Using Histotripsy. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2361-2370. [PMID: 37596154 PMCID: PMC10529075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE New therapeutic strategies and paradigms are direly needed to treat pancreatic cancer. The absence of a suitable pre-clinical animal model of pancreatic cancer is a major limitation to biomedical device and therapeutic development. Traditionally, pigs have proven to be ideal models, especially in the context of designing human-sized instruments, perfecting surgical techniques and optimizing clinical procedures for use in humans. However, pig studies have typically focused on healthy tissue assessments and are limited to general safety evaluations because of the inability to effectively model human tumors. METHODS Here, we establish an orthotopic porcine model of human pancreatic cancer using RAG2/IL2RG double-knockout immunocompromised pigs and treat the tumors ex vivo and in vivo with histotripsy. RESULTS Using these animals, we describe the successful engraftment of Panc-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line tumors and characterize their development. To illustrate the utility of these animals for therapeutic development, we determine for the first time, the successful targeting of in situ pancreatic tumors using histotripsy. Treatment with histotripsy resulted in partial ablation in vivo and reduction in collagen content in both in vivo tumor in pig pancreas and ex vivo patient tumor. CONCLUSION This study presents a first step toward establishing histotripsy as a non-invasive treatment method for pancreatic cancer and exposes some of the challenges of ultrasound guidance for histotripsy ablation in the pancreas. Simultaneously, we introduce a highly robust model of pancreatic cancer in a large mammal model that could be used to evaluate a variety biomedical devices and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Mohammad Imran
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jessica Gannon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Holly A Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Juselyn D Tupik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Benjamin Tintera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Margaret A Nagai-Singer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Hannah Ivester
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Justin Markov Madanick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Alissa Hendricks-Wenger
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Kyungjun Uh
- Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David T Luyimbazi
- Department of Surgery, Carilion Clinic and Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Michael Edwards
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sheryl Coutermarsh-Ott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kristin Eden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Christopher Byron
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sherrie Clark-Deener
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kiho Lee
- Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Eli Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Irving C Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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2
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Arango-Restrepo A, Rubi JM. Predicting cancer stages from tissue energy dissipation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15894. [PMID: 37741864 PMCID: PMC10517974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding cancer staging in order to predict its progression is vital to determine its severity and to plan the most appropriate therapies. This task has attracted interest from different fields of science and engineering. We propose a computational model that predicts the evolution of cancer in terms of the intimate structure of the tissue, considering that this is a self-organised structure that undergoes transformations governed by non-equilibrium thermodynamics laws. Based on experimental data on the dependence of tissue configurations on their elasticity and porosity, we relate the cancerous tissue stages with the energy dissipated, showing quantitatively that tissues in more advanced stages dissipate more energy. The knowledge of this energy allows us to know the probability of observing the tissue in its different stages and the probability of transition from one stage to another. We validate our results with experimental data and statistics from the World Health Organisation. Our quantitative approach provides insights into the evolution of cancer through its different stages, important as a starting point for new and integrative research to defeat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arango-Restrepo
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 647, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
| | - J M Rubi
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 647, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Marti i Franques, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
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3
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Reed MS, Ochoa M, Tichauer KM, Weichmann A, Doyley MM, Pogue BW. Mapping estimates of vascular permeability with a clinical indocyanine green fluorescence imaging system in experimental pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumors. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:076001. [PMID: 37457627 PMCID: PMC10344470 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.7.076001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Significance Pancreatic cancer tumors are known to be avascular, but their neovascular capillaries are still chaotic leaky vessels. Capillary permeability could have significant value for therapy assessment, and its quantification might be possible with macroscopic imaging of indocyanine green (ICG) kinetics in tissue. Aim The capacity of using standard fluorescence surgical systems for ICG kinetic imaging as a probe for capillary leakage was evaluated using a clinical surgical fluorescence imaging system, as interpreted through vascular permeability modeling. Approach Xenograft pancreatic adenocarcinoma models were imaged in mice during bolus injection of ICG to capture the kinetics of uptake. Image analysis included ratiometric data, normalization, and match to theoretical modeling. Kinetic data were converted into the extraction fraction of the capillary leakage. Results Pancreatic tumors were usually less fluorescent than the surrounding healthy tissues, but still the rate of tumor perfusion could be assessed to quantify capillary extraction. Model simulations showed that flow kinetics stabilized after about 1 min beyond the initial bolus injection and that the relative extraction fraction model estimates matched the experimental data of normalized uptake within the tissue. The kinetics in the time period of 1 to 2 min post-injection provided optimal differential data between AsPC1 and BxPC3 tumors, although high individual variation exists between tumors. Conclusions ICG kinetic imaging during the initial leakage phase was diagnostic for quantitative vascular permeability within pancreatic tumors. Methods for autogain correction and normalized model-based interpretation allowed for quantification of extraction fraction and difference identification between tumor types in early timepoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Reed
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Marien Ochoa
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Kenneth M. Tichauer
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ashley Weichmann
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Marvin M. Doyley
- University of Rochester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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4
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Imran KM, Tintera B, Morrison HA, Tupik JD, Nagai-Singer MA, Ivester H, Council-Troche M, Edwards M, Coutermarsh-Ott S, Byron C, Clark-Deener S, Uh K, Lee K, Boulos P, Rowe C, Coviello C, Allen IC. Improved Therapeutic Delivery Targeting Clinically Relevant Orthotopic Human Pancreatic Tumors Engrafted in Immunocompromised Pigs Using Ultrasound-Induced Cavitation: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1585. [PMID: 37376034 PMCID: PMC10302458 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic tumors can be resistant to drug penetration due to high interstitial fluid pressure, dense stroma, and disarrayed vasculature. Ultrasound-induced cavitation is an emerging technology that may overcome many of these limitations. Low-intensity ultrasound, coupled with co-administered cavitation nuclei consisting of gas-stabilizing sub-micron scale SonoTran Particles, is effective at increasing therapeutic antibody delivery to xenograft flank tumors in mouse models. Here, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in situ using a large animal model that mimics human pancreatic cancer patients. Immunocompromised pigs were surgically engrafted with human Panc-1 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors in targeted regions of the pancreas. These tumors were found to recapitulate many features of human PDAC tumors. Animals were intravenously injected with the common cancer therapeutics Cetuximab, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel, followed by infusion with SonoTran Particles. Select tumors in each animal were targeted with focused ultrasound to induce cavitation. Cavitation increased the intra-tumor concentrations of Cetuximab, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel by 477%, 148%, and 193%, respectively, compared to tumors that were not targeted with ultrasound in the same animals. Together, these data show that ultrasound-mediated cavitation, when delivered in combination with gas-entrapping particles, improves therapeutic delivery in pancreatic tumors under clinically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Mohammad Imran
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Benjamin Tintera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Holly A. Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Juselyn D. Tupik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Margaret A. Nagai-Singer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hannah Ivester
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA
| | - McAlister Council-Troche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Michael Edwards
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sheryl Coutermarsh-Ott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Christopher Byron
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sherrie Clark-Deener
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kyungjun Uh
- Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kiho Lee
- Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Paul Boulos
- OxSonics Therapeutics, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
| | - Cliff Rowe
- OxSonics Therapeutics, Oxford Science Park, Oxford OX4 4GA, UK
| | | | - Irving C. Allen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Petusseau AF, Bruza P, Pogue BW. Protoporphyrin IX delayed fluorescence imaging: a modality for hypoxia-based surgical guidance. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:106005. [PMID: 36217225 PMCID: PMC9549807 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.10.106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Hypoxia imaging for surgical guidance has never been possible, yet it is well known that most tumors have microregional chronic and/or cycling hypoxia present as well as chaotic blood flow. The ability to image oxygen partial pressure (pO2) is therefore a unique control of tissue metabolism and can be used in a range of disease applications to understand the complex biochemistry of oxygen supply and consumption. AIM Delayed fluorescence (DF) from the endogenous molecule protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) has been shown to be a truly unique reporter of the local oxygen partial pressure in tissue. PpIX is endogenously synthesized by mitochondria in most tissues, and the particular property of DF emission is directly related to low microenvironmental oxygen concentration. Here, it is shown that PpIX has a unique emission in hypoxic tumor tissue regions, which is measured as a DF signal in the red to near-infrared spectrum. APPROACH A time-gated imaging system was used for PpIX DF for wide field direct mapping of pO2 changes. Acquiring both prompt and DF in a rapid sequential cycle allowed for imaging oxygenation in a way that was insensitive to the PpIX concentration. By choosing adequate parameters, the video rate acquisition of pO2 images could be achieved, providing real-time tissue metabolic information. RESULTS In this report, we show the first demonstration of imaging hypoxia signals from PpIX in a pancreatic cancer model, exhibiting >5X contrast relative to surrounding normal oxygenated tissues. Additionally, tissue palpation amplifies the signal and provides intuitive temporal contrast based upon neoangiogenic blood flow differences. CONCLUSIONS PpIX DF provides a mechanism for tumor contrast that could easily be translated to human use as an intrinsic contrast mechanism for oncologic surgical guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur F. Petusseau
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering and Dartmouth Cancer Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Petr Bruza
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering and Dartmouth Cancer Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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6
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Mechanical signatures of human colon cancers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12475. [PMID: 35864200 PMCID: PMC9304395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the standard parameters used for colorectal cancer (CRC) management, new features are needed in clinical practice to improve progression-free and overall survival. In some cancers, the microenvironment mechanical properties can contribute to cancer progression and metastasis formation, or constitute a physical barrier for drug penetration or immune cell infiltration. These mechanical properties remain poorly known for colon tissues. Using a multidisciplinary approach including clinical data, physics and geostatistics, we characterized the stiffness of healthy and malignant colon specimens. For this purpose, we analyzed a prospective cohort of 18 patients with untreated colon adenocarcinoma using atomic force microscopy to generate micrometer-scale mechanical maps. We characterized the stiffness of normal epithelium samples taken far away or close to the tumor area and selected tumor tissue areas. These data showed that normal epithelium was softer than tumors. In tumors, stroma areas were stiffer than malignant epithelial cell areas. Among the clinical parameters, tumor left location, higher stage, and RAS mutations were associated with increased tissue stiffness. Thus, in patients with CRC, measuring tumor tissue rigidity may have a translational value and an impact on patient care.
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7
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Vincent P, Maeder ME, Hunt B, Linn B, Mangels-Dick T, Hasan T, Wang KK, Pogue BW. CT radiomic features of photodynamic priming in clinical pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66. [PMID: 34261044 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers localized focal ablation in unresectable pancreatic tumors while tissues surrounding the treatment volume experience a lower light dose, termed photodynamic priming (PDP). While PDP does not cause tissue damage, it has been demonstrated to promote vascular permeability, improve drug delivery, alleviate tumor cell density, and reduce desmoplasia and the resultant internal pressure in pre-clinical evaluation. Preclinical data supports PDP as a neoadjuvant therapy beneficial to subsequent chemotherapy or immunotherapy, yet it is challenging to quantify PDP effects in clinical treatment without additional imaging and testing. This study investigated the potential of radiomic analysis using CT scans acquired before and after PDT to identify areas experiencing PDT-induced necrosis as well as quantify PDP effects in the surrounding tissues. A total of 235 CT tumor slices from seven patients undergoing PDT for pancreatic tumors were examined. Radiomic features assessed included intensity metrics (CT number in Hounsfield Units) and texture analysis using several gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) parameters. Pre-treatment scans of tumor areas that resulted in PDT-induced necrosis showed statistically significant differences in intensity and texture-based features that could be used to predict the regions that did respond (paired t-test, response versus no response,p < 0.001). Evaluation of PDP effects on the surrounding tissues also demonstrated statistically significant differences, in tumor mean value, standard deviation, and GLCM parameters of contrast, dissimilarity and homogeneity (t-test, pre versus post,p < 0.001). Using leave-one-out cross validation, six intensity and texture-based features were combined into a support-vector machine model which demonstrated reliable prediction of treatment effects for six out of seven patients (ROC curve, AUC = 0.93). This study provides pilot evidence that texture features extracted from CT scans could be utilized as an effective clinical diagnostic prediction and assessment of PDT and PDP effects in pancreatic tumors. (clinical trial NCT03033225).
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Vincent
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, United States of America
| | - Matthew E Maeder
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Department of Radiology, Lebanon NH 03756, United States of America
| | - Brady Hunt
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, United States of America
| | - Bryan Linn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Mangels-Dick
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, United States of America
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02114, United States of America
| | - Kenneth K Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, United States of America
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, United States of America
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8
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Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Relating Biomechanics and Prognosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122711. [PMID: 34205335 PMCID: PMC8234178 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common form of pancreatic cancer and carries a dismal prognosis. Resectable patients are treated predominantly with surgery while borderline resectable patients may receive neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) to downstage their disease prior to possible resection. PDAC tissue is stiffer than healthy pancreas, and tissue stiffness is associated with cancer progression. Another feature of PDAC is increased tissue heterogeneity. We postulate that tumour stiffness and heterogeneity may be used alongside currently employed diagnostics to better predict prognosis and response to treatment. In this review we summarise the biomechanical changes observed in PDAC, explore the factors behind these changes and describe the clinical consequences. We identify methods available for assessing PDAC biomechanics ex vivo and in vivo, outlining the relative merits of each. Finally, we discuss the potential use of radiological imaging for prognostic use.
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9
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Vincent P, Bruza P, Palisoul SM, Gunn JR, Samkoe KS, Hoopes PJ, Hasan T, Pogue BW. Visualization and quantification of pancreatic tumor stroma in fresh tissue via ultraviolet surface excitation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200312R. [PMID: 33423407 PMCID: PMC7850982 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.1.016002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The study has confirmed the feasibility of using ultraviolet (UV) excitation to visualize and quantify desmoplasia in fresh tumor tissue of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, which provides a useful imaging platform to evaluate acute therapeutic responses. AIM Stromal network of collagen prominent in PDAC tumors is examined by imaging fresh tissue samples stained with histological dyes. Fluorescence signals are color-transferred to mimic Masson's trichrome staining. APPROACH Murine tumor samples were stained with Hoechst, eosin, and rhodamine B and excited at 275-nm. Fluorescence signals in the visible spectrum were captured by a CMOS color camera with high contrast and resolution at whole-tumor slice field of view. RESULTS Fluorescence imaging using UV excitation is capable of visualizing collagen deposition in PDAC tumors. Both fluorescence and histology data showed collagen content of up to 30%. The collagen modulation effect due to photodynamic priming treatment was observed showing 13% of collagen reduction. Necrosis area is visible and perfusion imaging using Texas Red dextran is feasible. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates collagen visualization in fresh PDAC tumor samples using UV excitation. This imaging platform also provides quantitative stromal information from fiber analysis and visibility of necrosis and perfusion, suitable for therapeutic response assessment of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Vincent
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
- Address all correspondence to Phuong Vincent,
| | - Petr Bruza
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Scott M. Palisoul
- Dartmouth-Hitchock Pathology Shared Resource Lab, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Jason R. Gunn
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Kimberley S. Samkoe
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - P. Jack Hoopes
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
- Geisel School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
- Geisel School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
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