Ocular Recognition for Blinking Eyes

Recent Iris and Ocular Recognition Methods in High- and Low-Resolution Images: A Survey

Among biometrics, iris and ocular recognition systems are the methods that recognize eye features in an image. Such iris and ocular regions must have a certain image resolution to achieve a high recognition performance; otherwise, the risk of performance degradation arises. This is even more critical in the case of iris recognition where detailed patterns are used. In cases where such low-resolution images are acquired and the acquisition apparatus and environment cannot be improved, recognition performance can be enhanced by obtaining high-resolution images with methods such as super-resolution reconstruction. However, previous survey papers have mainly summarized studies on high-resolution iris and ocular recognition, but do not provide detailed summaries of studies on low-resolution iris and ocular recognition. Therefore, we investigated high-resolution iris and ocular recognition methods and introduced in detail the low-resolution iris and ocular recognition methods and methods of solving the low-resolution problem. Furthermore, since existing survey papers have focused on and summarized studies on traditional handcrafted feature-based iris and ocular recognition, this survey paper also introduced the latest deep learning-based methods in detail.

An optimal feature enriched region of interest (ROI) extraction for periocular biometric system

With the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, wearing of face mask became essential and the face occlusion created by the masks deteriorated the performance of the face biometric systems. In this situation, the use of periocular region (region around the eye) as a biometric trait for authentication is gaining attention since it is the most visible region when masks are used. One important issue in periocular biometrics is the identification of an optimal size periocular ROI which contains enough features for authentication. The state of the art ROI extraction algorithms use fixed size rectangular ROI calculated based on some reference points like center of the iris or centre of the eye without considering the shape of the periocular region of an individual. This paper proposes a novel approach to extract optimum size periocular ROIs of two different shapes (polygon and rectangular) by using five reference points (inner and outer canthus points, two end points and the midpoint of eyebrow) in order to accommodate the complete shape of the periocular region of an individual. The performance analysis on UBIPr database using CNN models validated the fact that both the proposed ROIs contain enough information to identify a person wearing face mask.

A novel periocular biometrics solution for authentication during Covid-19 pandemic situation

The outbreak of novel coronavirus in 2019 has shaken the whole world and it quickly evolved as a global pandemic, placing everyone in a panic situation. Considering its long-term effects on day to day lives, the necessity of wearing face mask and social distancing brings in picture the requirement of a contact less biometric system for all future authentication systems. One of the solutions is to use periocular biometric as it does not need physical contact like fingerprint biometric and is able to identify even people wearing face masks. Since, the periocular region is a small area as compared to face, extraction of required number of features from that small region is the major concern to make the system highly robust. This research proposes a feature fusion approach which combines the handcrafted features HOG, non-handcrafted features extracted using pretrained CNN models and gender related features extracted using a five layer CNN model. The proposed feature fusion approach is evaluated using multiclass SVM classifier with three different benchmark databases, UBIPr, Color FERET and Ethnic Ocular as well as for three non-ideal scenarios i.e. the effect of eyeglasses, effect of eye occlusion and pose variations. The proposed approach shows remarkable improvement in performance over pre-existing approaches.

Medical Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation Using Eye Images in Machine Learning Techniques

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a non progressive neurological disorders commonly associated with a spectrum of developmental disabilities such as strabismus (misalignment of eye). The Eye image are captured through camera, this make the quick diagnosis and examination the periodical assessment for CP kids. By capturing the Eye Movement of 40 children with CP (aged 3-11 years) with relatively mild motor-impairment and also we have analyzed the performance of CP children periodically. Nowadays, Bio-Medical image processing and Machine learning Classification algorithm used for detection and diagnosis the certain diseases and plays the important tool to decrease the risk of any diseases. This work presents a computational methodology to automatically diagnose the Improvement of CP children and performance can be evaluated. The alternate medical evaluation techniques have shown their potential for the treatment and diagnosis of disease like strabismus and nystagmus for CP kids. The proposed method is used to measure and quantify the performance improvement by classify the abnormal eye condition of CP kids and these results attained by machine learning method. The results show the best classification accuracy of 94.17% calculated from Neural Network Classifier. Specificity Rate were absorbed as 0.9800 and Sensitivity Rate were absorbed as 0.9165 respectively. The proposed method for non-invasive and automatic detection of abnormalities in CP kids and evaluates the performance improvement more accurately.