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Zhou XH, Li JJ, Peng PH, He WM. Climate warming impacts chewing Spodoptera litura negatively but sucking Corythucha marmorata positively on native Solidago canadensis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171504. [PMID: 38460690 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Insect-plant interactions are among importantly ecological processes, and rapid environmental changes such as temperature and resource fluctuations can disrupt long-standing insect-plant interactions. While individual impacts of climate warming, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, and plant provenance on insect-plant interactions are well studied, their joint effects on insect-plant interactions are less explored in ecologically realistic settings. To this end, we performed five experiments with native and invasive Solidago canadensis populations from home and introduced ranges and two insect herbivores (leaf-chewing Spodoptera litura and sap-sucking Corythucha marmorata) in the context of climate warming and N deposition. We determined leaf defensive traits, feeding preference, and insect growth and development, and quantified the possible associations among climate change, host-plant traits, and insect performance with structural equation modeling. First, native S. canadensis populations experienced higher damage by S. litura but lower damage by C. marmorata than invasive S. canadensis populations in the ambient environment. Second, warming decreased the leaf consumption, growth, and survival of S. litura on native S. canadensis populations, but did not affect these traits on invasive S. canadensis populations; warming increased the number of C. marmorata on native S. canadensis populations via direct facilitation, but decreased that on invasive S. canadensis populations via indirect suppression. Third, N addition enhanced the survival of S. litura on native S. canadensis populations, and its feeding preference and leaf consumption on invasive S. canadensis populations. Finally, warming plus N addition exhibited non-additive effects on insect-plant interactions. Based on these results, we tentatively conclude that climate warming could have contrasting effects on insect-plant interactions depending on host-plant provenance and that the effects of atmospheric N deposition on insects might be relatively weak compared to climate warming. Future studies should focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying these different patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhou
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Ji Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei-Hao Peng
- Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Ming He
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, China.
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Wang H, Wang X, Li Y, Gao R, Narsing Rao MP, Song J, Li Q. Effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of Viola prionantha, a cleistogamous plant. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:631-641. [PMID: 37202494 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions during seed development and maturation can affect seed traits and germination behavior, yet systematic research on the effects of seed maturation time on seed traits, germination behavior and seedling emergence of cleistogamy plants is lacking. Here, we determined the difference in phenotypic characteristics of CH and CL (namely CL1, CL2 and CL3 based on maturation time, respectively) fruits/seeds that were collected from Viola prionantha Bunge, a cleistogamous perennial plant, and evaluated the effects of various environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence. The fruit mass, width, seed number per fruit and mean seed mass of CL1 and CL3 were greater than that of CH and CL2, while seed setting of CH was lower than that of CL1, CL2 and CL3. Germination of CH, CL1, CL2, and CL3 seeds was < 10% in the dark at 15/5 and 20/10 ℃, whereas germination (0%-99.2%) of CH, CL1, CL2, and CL3 seeds changed significantly under light conditions. In contrast, more than 71% (from 71.7 to 94.2%) germination of both CH, CL1, CL2 and CL3 seeds occurred under both light/dark conditions and continuous darkness at 30/20 ℃. Germination of CH, CL1, CL2 and CL3 seeds was sensitive to osmotic potential, but CL1 seeds were more resistant to osmotic stress, compared with CH, CL2 and CL3. Seedling emergence of CH seeds was more than 67% (from 67.8 to 73.3%) at a burial depth of 0 cm-2 cm, while all types of CL seeds were below 15% at a burial depth of 2 cm. Information gathered from this study indicates that CH and CL seeds of V. prionantha were different in fruit size, seed mass, thermoperiod and photoperiod sensitivity, osmotic potential tolerance and seedling emergence, especially, maturation time significantly affect phenotypic characteristics and germination behavior of CL seeds matured at different periods. These results indicate that V. prionantha adapts to unpredictable environmental conditions by developing a variety of adaptation strategies, and ensures the survival and reproduction of the populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, No.1 Liu Shu South Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 650081, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, No.1 Liu Shu South Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 650081, China
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yongjia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, No.1 Liu Shu South Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 650081, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Dandong Forestry and Grassland Development Service Center, Dandong, 118000, China
| | - Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Jieqiong Song
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, No.1 Liu Shu South Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 650081, China
| | - Qiuli Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, No.1 Liu Shu South Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 650081, China.
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Guo Y, Quan J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang R, Yue M. Predictability of parental ultraviolet-B environment shapes the growth strategies of clonal Glechoma longituba. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:949752. [PMID: 35991455 PMCID: PMC9386186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although there is an increasing debate about ecological consequences of environmental predictability for plant phenotype and fitness, the effect of predictability of parental environments on the offspring is still indefinite. To clarify the role of environmental predictability in maternal effects and the growth strategy of clonal offspring, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with Glechoma longituba. The parental ramets were arranged in three ultraviolet-B (UV-B) conditions, representing two predictable environments (regular and enhanced UV-B) and an unpredictable environment (random UV-B), respectively. The offspring environments were the same as their parent or not (without UV-B). At the end of experiment, the growth parameters of offspring were analyzed. The results showed that maternal effects and offspring growth were regulated by environmental predictability. Offspring of unpredictable environmental parents invested more resources in improving defense components rather than in rapid growth. Although offspring of predictable parents combined two processes of defense and growth, there were still some differences in the strategies between the two offspring, and the offspring of regular parent increased the biomass allocation to roots (0.069 g of control vs. 0.092 g of regular), but that of enhanced parent changed the resource allocation of nitrogen in roots and phosphorus in blade. Moreover, when UV-B environments of parent and offspring were matched, it seemed that maternal effects were not adaptive, while the growth inhibition in the predictable environment was weaker than that in unpredictable environment. In the predictable environment, the recovered R/S and the increased defense substances (flavonoid and anthocyanin) contributed to improving offspring fitness. In addition, when UV-B environments of parent and offspring were mismatched, offspring growth was restored or improved to some extent. The offspring performance in mismatched environments was controlled by both transgenerational effect and within-generational plasticity. In summary, the maternal effects affected growth strategies of offspring, and the differences of strategies depended on the predictability of parental UV-B environments, the clone improved chemical defense to cope with unpredictable environments, while the growth and defense could be balanced in predictable environments. The anticipatory maternal effects were likely to improve the UV-B resistance.
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Zhou X, Li J, Gao Y, Peng P, He W. Maternal effects of climate warming and nitrogen deposition vary with home and introduced ranges. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jing‐Ji Li
- College of Ecology and Environment Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Gao
- Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China
| | - Pei‐Hao Peng
- Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China
| | - Wei‐Ming He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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