1
|
Zheng J, Liang S, He R, Luo L, Li Y, Yin C, Pei X, Zhao C. Effects of warming on soil organic carbon pools mediated by mycorrhizae and hyphae on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172121. [PMID: 38565345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mycorrhizae and their hyphae play critical roles in soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. However, their individual contributions to SOC components and stability under climate warming conditions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of warming on the SOC pools of Picea asperata (an ectomycorrhizal plant) and Fargesia nitida (an arbuscular mycorrhizal plant) mycorrhizae/hyphae on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The results indicated that mycorrhizae made greater contributions to SOC accumulation than hyphae did by increasing labile organic carbon (LOC) components, such as particle organic carbon (POC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon, especially under warming conditions. Plant species also had different effects on SOC composition, resulting in higher mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) contents in F. nitida plots than in P. asperata plots; consequently, the former favored SOC stability more than the latter, with a lower POC/MAOC. Partial least-squares path modelling further indicated that mycorrhizae/hyphae indirectly affected LOC pools, mainly by changing soil pH and enzyme activities. Warming had no significant effect on SOC content but did change SOC composition by reducing LOC through affecting soil pH and iron oxides and ultimately increasing SOC stability in the presence of mycorrhizae for both plants. Therefore, the mycorrhizae of both plants are major contributors to the variation of SOC components and stability under warming conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; Sichuan Metallurgical Geological Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Rongyu He
- China National Environmental Protection Group, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Chunying Yin
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Chunzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qu R, Chen S, Wang K, Liu Q, Yang B, Yue M, Peng C. Potential future changes in soil carbon dynamics in the Ziwuling Forest, China under different climate change scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169008. [PMID: 38040362 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil carbon (C) cycling processes in terrestrial ecosystems are significantly influenced by global changes, and soil microorganisms play a crucial role in soil organic carbon (SOC) and its feedbacks to climate change. To investigate the potential future changes in soil C dynamics under different scenarios in the Ziwuling Forest region, China, we conducted a soil observation and sampling experiment from April 2021 to July 2022. By utilizing a microbial ecological model (MEND), we aimed to predict the future dynamics of soil C under different scenarios in the area. Our results demonstrate that under the RCP2.6 (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenario, SOC showed a rapid increase, SOC under the RCP2.6 scenario will be significantly higher than those under the RCP4.5 scenario and RCP8.5 scenario in the topsoil and whole soil. Furthermore, the positive correlation between total litter carbon (LC) and SOC under the RCP2.6 scenario highlights the potential role of total litter carbon in driving SOC dynamics. Our study also revealed that the low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario favors the accumulation of SOC in the study area, while the high GHG emission scenario leads to greater soil carbon loss. Overall, these results underscore the importance of considering the impact of climate change, especially global warming, on soil ecosystems in the future. Protecting the soil ecosystem of the Loess Plateau is critical for maintaining soil carbon sinks, preventing soil erosion, and improving and regulating the surrounding environmental climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruosong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Northwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Qiuyu Liu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, China; College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- Department of Biology Sciences, Institute of Environment Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Solanki AC, Gurjar NS, Sharma S, Wang Z, Kumar A, Solanki MK, Kumar Divvela P, Yadav K, Kashyap BK. Decoding seasonal changes: soil parameters and microbial communities in tropical dry deciduous forests. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1258934. [PMID: 38440136 PMCID: PMC10910104 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1258934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In dry deciduous tropical forests, both seasons (winter and summer) offer habitats that are essential ecologically. How these seasonal changes affect soil properties and microbial communities is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of seasonal fluctuations on soil characteristics and microbial populations. The soil moisture content dramatically increases in the summer. However, the soil pH only gradually shifts from acidic to slightly neutral. During the summer, electrical conductivity (EC) values range from 0.62 to 1.03 ds m-1, in contrast to their decline in the winter. The levels of soil macronutrients and micronutrients increase during the summer, as does the quantity of soil organic carbon (SOC). A two-way ANOVA analysis reveals limited impacts of seasonal fluctuations and specific geographic locations on the amounts of accessible nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Moreover, dehydrogenase, nitrate reductase, and urease activities rise in the summer, while chitinase, protease, and acid phosphatase activities are more pronounced in the winter. The soil microbes were identified in both seasons through 16S rRNA and ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) gene sequencing. Results revealed Proteobacteria and Ascomycota as predominant bacterial and fungal phyla. However, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Burkholderia are dominant bacterial genera, and Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Trichoderma are dominant fungal genera in the forest soil samples. Dominant bacterial and fungal genera may play a role in essential ecosystem services such as soil health management and nutrient cycling. In both seasons, clear relationships exist between soil properties, including pH, moisture, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and microbial diversity. Enzymatic activities and microbial shift relate positively with soil parameters. This study highlights robust soil-microbial interactions that persist mainly in the top layers of tropical dry deciduous forests in the summer and winter seasons. It provides insights into the responses of soil-microbial communities to seasonal changes, advancing our understanding of ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Narendra Singh Gurjar
- Department of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Satish Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, B. M. College of Agriculture, Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Agricultural College, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Department of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences, IES University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Kajal Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sankar Santhosh A, Umesh M, Kariyadan S, Suresh S, Salmen SH, Ali Alharb S, Shanmugam S. Fabrication of biopolymeric sheets using cellulose extracted from water hyacinth and its application studies for reactive red dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117466. [PMID: 37866534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the imperative need for sustainable and biodegradable materials, this study focuses on two pivotal aspects: cellulose extraction and dye removal. The alarming repercussions of non-biodegradable food packaging materials on health and the environment necessitate the exploration of viable alternatives. Herein, we embark on creating easily degradable biopolymer substitutes, achieved through innovative crafting of a biodegradable cellulose sheet sourced from extracted cellulose. Concurrently, the significant environmental and health hazards posed by textile industry discharge of wastewater laden with persistent dyes demand innovative treatment strategies. This study extensively investigated four distinct methods of cellulose extraction from water hyacinth, a complex aquatic weed. The functional groups, crystallinity index, thermal stability, thermal effects, and morphology of the extracted cellulose were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, and SEM. This exploration yielded a notable outcome, as the most promising yield (39.4 ± 0.02% w/w) emerged using 2% sodium chlorite and 2% glacial acetic acid as bleaching agents, surpassing other methods. Building on this foundational cellulose extraction process, the extracted fibers were transformed into highly biodegradable cellulose sheets, outlining conventional packaging materials. Moreover, these cellulose sheets exhibit exceptional efficacy in adsorbing reactive red dye, with the adsorption capacity of 71.43 mg/g by following pseudo-second kinetics. This study establishes an economically viable avenue for repurposing challenging aquatic weeds into commercially valuable biopolymers. The potential of these sheets for dye removal, coupled with their innate biodegradability, opens auspicious avenues for broader applications encompassing commercial wastewater treatment procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adhithya Sankar Santhosh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sapthami Kariyadan
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreehari Suresh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Saleh H Salmen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharb
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 51006, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu M, Wei Y, Lian L, Wei B, Bi Y, Liu N, Yang G, Zhang Y. Macrofungi promote SOC decomposition and weaken sequestration by modulating soil microbial function in temperate steppe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165556. [PMID: 37459997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration is a key grassland ecosystem function, and the magnitude of SOC reservoirs depends on microbial involvement, especially that of fungi. Mycelia developed by macrofungi potentially influence carbon (C) fixation and decomposition; however, the mechanisms underlying their effects on SOC storage in grassland ecosystems remain poorly understood. The fairy rings formed by macrofungi in grasslands are natural platform for exploring macrofungal effects on SOC. In this study, we collected topsoil (0-10 cm) from four different fairy ring zones in a temperate steppe to reveal the macrofungal effects on SOC fractions, including particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), and the SOC storage microbial mechanism using metagenomic sequencing technology. Both POC and MAOC decreased after macrofungal passage, resulting in a 7.37 % reduction in SOC. Macrofungal presence reduced microbial biomass carbon (MBC), but significantly enhanced the β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) activity, which increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In addition, the abundance of copiotrophs (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes) with lower C metabolic rates increased, and that of oligotrophs (Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobia) with higher substrate utilization efficiency decreased in the presence of macrofungi. This may further promote SOC decomposition. Correspondingly, there was a lower abundance of C-fixation genes but more C-degradation genes (especially hemicellulosic degradation genes) during macrofungal passage. Our results indicate that the presence of macrofungi can modulate the soil microbial community and functional genes to reduce SOC storage by inhibiting microbial C sequestration while promoting C decomposition in grassland ecosystems. These findings refine our mechanistic understanding of SOC persistence through the interactions between macrofungi and other microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuqi Wei
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Lian
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yixian Bi
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Management and Rational Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gaowen Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Management and Rational Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang H, Ye X, Wang Y, Wu D, Yang D, Fang W. Aperture division multispectral camera for the Earth's reflected solar radiation observation based on the Lagrange L1 point of the Earth-Moon system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:38077-38096. [PMID: 38017924 DOI: 10.1364/oe.500994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose an aperture division multispectral camera for Earth observation (EAMC) based on the Lagrange L1 point of the Earth-Moon system to measure the Earth's reflected solar radiation (RSR), quantify the effective radiative forcing (ERF) and establish the pixel-scale multispectral angular distribution model (ADM) of the Earth's radiance. The EAMC adopts the snapshot technique to provide multispectral images in the 360-920 nm wavelength, employing nine subsystems sharing a primary system. The camera can capture the entire Earth's two-dimensional morphology and spectral fingerprints at a 10 km spatial resolution, with all spectral images acquired concurrently on a single detector. The camera's optical system is designed and simulated, and the stray light is analyzed and suppressed. Simulation and analysis results show that the camera can obtain high-quality images of the Earth's disk with a 2.5° field of view (FOV). The stray light is suppressed to less than 0.05% of the observed multispectral Earth radiation. The novel EAMC provides a new way to generate climate-relevant knowledge from the perspective of global Earth observation and has great potential for other applications in space-based remote sensing spectral imaging.
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu H, Chen H, Ma Q, Chen B, Wang F, Wu L. Planting and mowing cover crops as livestock feed to synergistically optimize soil properties, economic profit, and environmental burden on pear orchards in the Yangtze River Basin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6680-6688. [PMID: 37267464 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pears, as an important cash crop, are currently facing great issues due to unsustainable management practices. Cover cropping is a sustainable management strategy that can improve soil fertility and increase fruit yield, while it may also stimulate greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, synergizing multiple indicators to achieve sustainable development is critical. This study introduces a new management system, namely the planting and mowing of ryegrass as a livestock feed system (PRSS), and analyzes its impact on soil quality, economic benefits, and environmental burdens. RESULTS Our results indicated that PRSS could increase soil pH from 5.08 to 5.48 and decrease the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, total phosphate, and available phosphate (26.96-59.89%) while also enhancing yield (+38.51%) compared with the traditional natural grass management system (TMS). The average soil methane fluxes in PRSS were 72.67 μg m-2 day-1 , higher than those of TMS (61.28 μg m-2 day-1 ). However, the gross primary production was lower than TMS (-37.24%), and no significant difference was observed in soil nitrous oxide fluxes. In different scenarios, the total profit of PRSS mode 1 (mowing ryegrass and selling to a livestock company) and PRSS mode 2 (mowing ryegrass and feeding own sheep) were 10 706.21 $ ha-1 and 26 592.87 $ ha-1 respectively. These values are respectively2.36 times and 5.85 times higher than that of TMS. The total global warming potential of TMS (18.19 t CO2 -eq ha-1 ) was 1.29 t CO2 -eq ha-1 higher and 2.89 t CO2 -eq ha-1 lower than that of PRSS mode 1 and mode 2 respectively. CONCLUSION Compared with traditional natural grass, planting and mowing ryegrass in pear orchards can optimize soil properties, increase fruit yield, and reduce global warming potential. Different modes can greatly increase revenue but have varying impacts on environmental burdens. These findings can help rebuild the links between farmland and specialized livestock production, contributing to sustainable development in the pear industries. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Hangzhou Yuhang Sanshui Fruits Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianghuan Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Awoonor JK, Dogbey BF, Salis I. Human-induced land use changes and phosphorus limitation affect soil microbial biomass and ecosystem stoichiometry. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290687. [PMID: 37647326 PMCID: PMC10468095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil and microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) play an important role in soil nutrient dynamics in biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. However, increased human activities as a result of agricultural intensification on soil nutrients and microbial C:N:P stoichiometry are poorly understood in this fragile forest-savanna transition agroecosystem. This study aimed to (i) assess soil and microbial C, N, and P stoichiometry in different land use systems, and (ii) examine the effect of soil and microbial C, N, and P stoichiometry on soils susceptible to human-induced land use changes. A total of 82 composite soil samples at a depth of 0-20 cm were sampled from forest, savanna, grassland, fallow and cropland for laboratory analysis. The results revealed that the concentrations of C, N, and P were low in Fallow and Cropland compared to other land use systems. Analysis of variance in microbial C, N, and P stoichiometric ratios revealed a significant decreasing tendency compared to soil C:N, C:P and N:P ratios with no statistical significance (p < 0.05). The C:P and N:P ratios were low compared to the C:N ratio in land uses. A significant positive correlation was observed between MBC and MBN (0.95; p < 0.01), and with C and N (0.69; p < 0.01). There were significant interactive effects of land use on soil and microbial variables. The estimated microbial C:N:P stoichiometric ratios (21:2:1) were well constrained in the study area. The transition from Forest to Cropland resulted in 64%, 52%, and 71% reduction in C, N, and P, respectively. This implies that phosphorus is the main factor limiting productivity. The low availability of phosphorus in these tropical soils may have resulted in low C:P and N:P ratios. Therefore, we conclude that our results highlight the importance of phosphorus limitation on ratios of microbial C:P and N:P in landuse systems. Nutrient inputs such as fertilizers, manure and crop residues should be applied to croplands to improve soil and microbial C, N and P levels. Further, effects of land use on soil nutrient status and stoichiometry at 1-meter depth will be considered in our future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Kofi Awoonor
- Soil Genesis, Survey and Classification Division, CSIR-Soil Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Bright Fafali Dogbey
- Department of Soil Resources Management, CSIR-College of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ibrahim Salis
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Y, Hou Y, Hou Q, Long M, Yang Y, Wang Z, Liao Y. Long-term plastic mulching decreases rhizoplane soil carbon sequestration by decreasing microbial anabolism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161713. [PMID: 36682553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ridge-furrow with plastic mulching (RFPM) is a widely used agricultural practice in rain-fed farmlands. However, the impact of microbial related metabolism on soil organic carbon (SOC) is not fully understood. Amino sugar analysis, high-throughput sequencing, and high-throughput qPCR approaches are combined to investigate this topic, based on a long-term experiment. Treatments include flat planting without mulching (FP), ridge-furrow without mulching (RF), and RFPM. RFPM significantly decreases rhizoplane SOC contents, while bulk SOC contents change insignificantly across treatments. In terms of microbial metabolic pathways, RFPM decreases indicators of the in vivo metabolic pathway, whereas those of the ex vivo pathway are increased. In terms of microbial community features, core taxa module #1 is dominated by Sphingomonadaceae. These are putative high yield (Y) strategists, according to the microbial life-history strategy framework. They are closely related to the in vivo pathway and are most predictive for SOC; their abundance is highest under FP and lowest under RFPM. Core taxa module #2 is dominated by Chitinophagaceae, putative resource acquisition (A) strategists, that are closely related to the ex vivo pathway. Their abundance in the rhizoplane is highest under RFPM and lowest under FP. The RFPM-induced decline in SOC occurs simultaneously with the abundance of A-strategists with in vivo pathway but not the Y-strategists with ex vivo pathway. Overall, the result of this study shows a trade-off. In RFPM practice, the ex vivo microbial pathway is enhanced along with the abundance of A-strategists. This is not the case for the in vivo pathway and associated abundance of Y-strategists, which are closely associated with SOC. Our findings underlined the impact of rhizoplane microbial metabolic pathways on SOC status is key to agricultural practices in drylands such as RFPM, and advanced our understanding of how microbes affect the carbon cycling in dryland farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yüze Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuting Hou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Quanming Hou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mei Long
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yali Yang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ziting Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China; College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yuncheng Liao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|