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Despland E, Lessard JP. Social predation by ants as a mortality source for an arboreal gregarious forest pest. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Paiva IG, Auad AM, Veríssimo BA, Silveira LCP. Differences in the insect fauna associated to a monocultural pasture and a silvopasture in Southeastern Brazil. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12112. [PMID: 32694546 PMCID: PMC7374564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for global agriculture is the reduction of the environmental impacts caused by meat and dairy production, and the conversion of monocultural pastures to silvopastoral systems has emerged as an important ally in this process. In order to understand the effects of this conversion we analysed 4 years of sampling of the insect fauna from a conventional monocultural pasture and a silvopastoral system in Minas Gerais, Brazil. We aimed to determine whether the changes caused by the conversion affected the abundance, richness and diversity of the insect orders found in the two systems. Total abundance, richness and diversity did not differ between the two systems, but we detected a significant difference in community composition. Several insect orders showed differences in either abundance, richness or diversity between the two systems, and several families of Hymenoptera, which contains pollinators and natural enemies, showed important increases in the silvopasture. Conversion of monocultural pastures to silvopastures can have important consequences on insect fauna involved in essential ecosystem functions, and the implementation of silvopastures at larger scales has the potential to benefit biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service provision at the landscape scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Guedes Paiva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Antonio Veríssimo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comportamento e Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira
- Departmento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-900, Brazil
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The geographical and seasonal mosaic in a plant-herbivore interaction: patterns of defences and herbivory by a specialist and a non-specialist. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15206. [PMID: 31645656 PMCID: PMC6811555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution, it is crucial to investigate geographical variation on the outcome of ecological interactions and the functional traits which dictate these outcomes. Plant populations are attacked by specialist and non-specialist herbivores and may have different types of chemical and biotic defences. We investigated geographical and seasonal variation in the interaction between the plant Crotalaria pallida and its two major herbivores (the specialist Utetheisa ornatrix and the non-specialist Etiella zinckenella). We first showed that attack by the two herbivores and a chemical and a biotic defence vary greatly in time and space. Second, we performed a common garden experiment that revealed genetic variation among populations in herbivore resistance and a chemical defence, but no genetic variation in a biotic defence. Third, we sampled 20 populations on a much larger geographical scale and showed great variation in attack rates by the two herbivores and a chemical defence. Finally, we showed that herbivory is not correlated with a chemical defence in the 20 field populations. Our study shows that to understand the evolution of ecological interactions it is crucial to investigate how the outcome of the interaction and the important species traits vary geographically and seasonally.
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Pan D, Li X, De K, Wang L, Wang D, Guo Q, Gao C, Zhong Z, Zhu H, Shen Z, Seastedt TR. Food and habitat provisions jointly determine competitive and facilitative interactions among distantly related herbivores. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duofeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Xincheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Kejia De
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Qinghai University Xining China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Qinfeng Guo
- Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center US Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceResearch Triangle Park NC USA
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Zhongbao Shen
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Timothy R. Seastedt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
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Tsuji K, Ohgushi T. Florivory indirectly decreases the plant reproductive output through changes in pollinator attraction. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:2993-3001. [PMID: 29531712 PMCID: PMC5838046 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Species often interact indirectly with each other via their traits. There is increasing appreciation of trait-mediated indirect effects linking multiple interactions. Flowers interact with both pollinators and floral herbivores, and the flower-pollinator interaction may be modified by indirect effects of floral herbivores (i.e., florivores) on flower traits such as flower size attracting pollinators. To explore whether flower size affects the flower-pollinator interaction, we used Eurya japonica flowers. We examined whether artificial florivory decreased fruit and seed production, and also whether flower size affected florivory and the number of floral visitors. The petal removal treatment (i.e., artificial florivory) showed approximately 50% reduction in both fruit and seed set in natural pollination but not in artificial pollination. Furthermore, flower size increased the number of floral visitors, although it did not affect the frequency of florivory. Our results demonstrate that petal removal indirectly decreased 75% of female reproductive output via decreased flower visits by pollinators and that flower size mediated indirect interactions between florivory and floral visitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Tsuji
- Center of Ecological ResearchKyoto UniversityOtsuShigaJapan
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Belchior C, Sendoya SF, Del-Claro K. Temporal Variation in the Abundance and Richness of Foliage-Dwelling Ants Mediated by Extrafloral Nectar. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158283. [PMID: 27438722 PMCID: PMC4954677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are common in the Brazilian cerrado savanna, where climatic conditions having marked seasonality influence arboreal ant fauna organization. These ant-plant interactions have rarely been studied at community level. Here, we tested whether: 1) EFN-bearing plants are more visited by ants than EFN-lacking plants; 2) ant visitation is higher in the rainy season than in dry season; 3) plants producing young leaves are more visited than those lacking young leaves in the rainy season; 4) during the dry season, plants with old leaves and flowers are more visited than plants with young leaves and bare of leaves or flowers; 5) the composition of visiting ant fauna differs between plants with and without EFNs. Field work was done in a cerrado reserve near Uberlândia, MG State, Brazil, along ten transects (total area 3,000 m2), in the rainy (October-January) and dry seasons (April-July) of 2010–2011. Plants (72 species; 762 individuals) were checked three times per season for ant presence. Results showed that 21 species (29%) and 266 individuals (35%) possessed EFNs. These plants attracted 38 ant species (36 in rainy, 26 in dry season). In the rainy season, plants with EFNs had higher ant abundance/richness than plants without EFNs, but in the dry season, EFN presence did not influence ant visitation. Plant phenology affected ant richness and abundance in different ways: plants with young leaves possessed higher ant richness in the rainy season, but in the dry season ant abundance was higher on plants possessing old leaves or flowers. The species composition of plant-associated ant communities, however, did not differ between plants with and without EFNs in either season. These findings suggest that the effect of EFN presence on a community of plant-visiting ants is context dependent, being conditioned to seasonal variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceres Belchior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia MG, Brazil
| | - Sebastián F. Sendoya
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6109, Campinas SP, Brazil
| | - Kleber Del-Claro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Vidal MC, Sendoya SF, Oliveira PS. Mutualism exploitation: predatory drosophilid larvae sugar-trap ants and jeopardize facultative ant-plant mutualism. Ecology 2016; 97:1650-1657. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra C. Vidal
- Graduate Program in Ecology; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Sebastian F. Sendoya
- Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
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Parr CL, Eggleton P, Davies AB, Evans TA, Holdsworth S. Suppression of savanna ants alters invertebrate composition and influences key ecosystem processes. Ecology 2016; 97:1611-7. [DOI: 10.1890/15-1713.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. L. Parr
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of Liverpool; Liverpool L69 3GP United Kingdom
- School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Private Bag X3 Wits 2050 South Africa
| | - P. Eggleton
- Soil Biodiversity Group; Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD United Kingdom
| | - A. B. Davies
- Department of Zoology & Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria 0002 South Africa
| | - T. A. Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore 115791 Singapore
| | - S. Holdsworth
- Soil Biodiversity Group; Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD United Kingdom
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Ma K. Mutualism with aphids affects the trophic position, abundance of ants and herbivory along an elevational gradient. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es15-00229.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Koptur S, Jones IM, Peña JE. The Influence of Host Plant Extrafloral Nectaries on Multitrophic Interactions: An Experimental Investigation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138157. [PMID: 26394401 PMCID: PMC4578773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted with outplantings of the native perennial shrub Senna mexicana var. chapmanii in a semi-natural area adjacent to native pine rockland habitat in southern Florida. The presence of ants and the availability of extrafloral nectar were manipulated in a stratified random design. Insect communities were monitored and recorded over a period of six months with a view to addressing three main questions. Do ants provide biotic defense against key herbivores on S. chapmanii? Is the presence of ants on S. chapmanii mediated by EFN? Finally, are there ecological costs associated with the presence of ants on S. chapmanii, such as a reduction in alternative predator or parasitoid numbers? Herbivores on S. chapmanii included immature stages of three pierid butterflies, and adult weevils. Eight species of ants were associated with the plants, and other predators included spiders, ladybugs, wasps, and hemipterans. Parasitic, haemolymph-sucking midges (Ceratopogonidae) and parasitoid flies were also associated with the caterpillar herbivores, and possibly the extrafloral nectaries of the plants. The presence of ants did not appear to influence oviposition by butterflies, as numbers of lepidopterans of all developmental stages did not differ among treatments. Significantly more late instar caterpillars, however, were observed on plants with ants excluded, indicating that ants remove small caterpillars from plants. Substantially more alternative predators (spiders, ladybugs, and wasps) were observed on plants with ants excluded. Rates of parasitization did not differ among the treatments, but there were substantially fewer caterpillars succumbing to virus among those collected from control plants. We provide a rare look at facultative ant-plant mutualisms in the context of the many other interactions with which they overlap. We conclude that ants provide some biotic defense against herbivores on S. chapmanii, and plants benefit overall from the presence of ants, despite negative impacts on non-ant predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Koptur
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ian M. Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jorge E. Peña
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, Florida, United States of America
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Gonçalves-Souza T, Araújo MS, Barbosa EP, Lopes SM, Kaminski LA, Shimizu GH, Santos AJ, Romero GQ. Fine-scale Beta-diversity Patterns Across Multiple Arthropod Taxa Over a Neotropical Latitudinal Gradient. Biotropica 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Gonçalves-Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Área de Ecologia; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE); Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n CEP 52171-900 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Marcel S. Araújo
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal; IBILCE; Universidade Estadual Paulista; UNESP; Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265 CEP 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Eduardo P. Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); CP 6109 CEP 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Sonia M. Lopes
- Museu Nacional; Setor de Blattaria; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; CEP20940-040 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Lucas A. Kaminski
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - Gustavo H. Shimizu
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); CEP 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Adalberto J. Santos
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Departamento de Biologia Animal; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); CP 6109 CEP 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
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Ronque MUV, Azevedo-Silva M, Mori GM, Souza AP, Oliveira PS. Three ways to distinguish species: using behavioural, ecological, and molecular data to tell apart two closely related ants,Camponotus renggeriandCamponotus rufipes(Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariane U. V. Ronque
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6109 13083-862 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Marianne Azevedo-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6109 13083-862 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Gustavo M. Mori
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6010 13083-875 Campinas SP Brazil
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios; C.P. 28, Pólo Regional Centro Sul 13400-970 Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Anete P. Souza
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6010 13083-875 Campinas SP Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6109 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; C.P. 6109 13083-862 Campinas SP Brazil
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