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Guedes MR, de Noronha SISR, Chírico MTT, da Costa GDC, de Freitas Castro T, de Brito RCF, Vieira LG, Reis TO, Ribeiro MC, Reis AB, Carneiro CM, Bezerra FS, Montano N, da Silva VJD, de Menezes RCA, Chianca-Jr DA, Silva FCDS. Ivabradine restores tonic cardiovascular autonomic control and reduces tachycardia, hypertension and left ventricular inflammation in post-weaning protein malnourished rats. Life Sci 2024; 346:122636. [PMID: 38614307 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Malnutrition results in autonomic imbalance and heart hypertrophy. Overexpression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN) in the left ventricles (LV) is linked to hypertrophied hearts and abnormal myocardium automaticity. Given that ivabradine (IVA) has emerging pleiotropic effects, in addition to the widely known bradycardic response, this study evaluated if IVA treatment could repair the autonomic control and cardiac damages in malnourished rats. AIM Assess the impact of IVA on tonic cardiovascular autonomic control and its relationship with hemodynamics regulation, LV inflammation, and HCN gene expression in post-weaning protein malnutrition condition. MAIN METHODS After weaning, male rats were divided into control (CG; 22 % protein) and malnourished (MG; 6 % protein) groups. At 35 days, groups were subdivided into CG-PBS, CG-IVA, MG-PBS and MG-IVA (PBS 1 ml/kg or IVA 1 mg/kg) received during 8 days. We performed jugular vein cannulation and electrode implant for drug delivery and ECG registration to assess tonic cardiovascular autonomic control; femoral cannulation for blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) assessment; and LV collection to evaluate ventricular remodeling and HCN gene expression investigation. KEY FINDINGS Malnutrition induced BP and HR increases, sympathetic system dominance, and LV remodeling without affecting HCN gene expression. IVA reversed the cardiovascular autonomic imbalance; prevented hypertension and tachycardia; and inhibited the LV inflammatory process and fiber thickening caused by malnutrition. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that ivabradine protects against malnutrition-mediated cardiovascular damage. Moreover, our results propose these effects were not attributed to HCN expression changes, but rather to IVA pleiotropic effects on autonomic control and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis Guedes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Sylvana Izaura Salyba Rendeiro de Noronha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Máira Tereza Talma Chírico
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Dias Carvalho da Costa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Thalles de Freitas Castro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Rory Cristiane Fortes de Brito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Gabriel Vieira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Thayane Oliveira Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Carlos Ribeiro
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Barbosa Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia Martins Carneiro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Frank Silva Bezerra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valdo José Dias da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Physiology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de Menezes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Deoclécio Alves Chianca-Jr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Cacilda Dos Santos Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
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Simões-Alves AC, Costa-Silva JH, Bassot A, Leandro CG, Pirola L, Fernandes MP, Morio B. Diet enriched in saturated fatty acids induces liver oxidative stress and elicits inflammatory pathways prior to metabolic disruption in perinatal protein undernutrition. Nutr Res 2023; 118:104-115. [PMID: 37634306 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The impact of diets high in saturated fatty acids in individuals who have undergone maternal protein restriction is not clear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a saturated fatty acid-enriched hyperlipidic diet (HL) affects liver expression of genes of the redox balance and inflammatory pathway in postweaning rat offspring subjected to maternal protein restriction. Pregnant Wistar rats received either a control (C; 19% protein) or low protein (LP; 8% protein) diet during gestation and lactation. At weaning, pups received either C or HL diets up to 90 days of life. The LP+HL group showed an upregulation of transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (+48%) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (+96%) compared with the LP+C group (P < .05), respectively. Similarly, gene expression of the markers of inflammation, nuclear factor-kappa B1 (+194%) and tumor necrosis factor-α (+192%), was enhanced (P < .05). Although other antioxidant enzymes were not modified in gene expression, catalase (CAT) was 66% higher in LP+HL compared with LP+C. In contrast, CAT protein content in the liver was 50% lower in LP groups compared with C, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) was twice as high in LP groups compared with C. Postweaning HL after maternal protein restriction induces hepatic metabolic adaptation characterized by enhanced oxidative stress, unbalanced expression in the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2 and CAT, and activation of inflammatory pathways but does not impact circulating markers of lipid metabolism and liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiany C Simões-Alves
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratoire de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN), INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France; Laboratory of General Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Exercise, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - João H Costa-Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratoire de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN), INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France.
| | - Arthur Bassot
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN), INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Carol Góis Leandro
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luciano Pirola
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN), INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Mariana P Fernandes
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Exercise, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Beatrice Morio
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN), INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
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Ogah OS, Oguntade AS, Chukwuonye II, Onyeonoro UU, Madukwe OO, Asinobi A, Ogah F, Orimolade OA, Babatunde AO, Okeke MF, Attah OP, Ebengho IG, Sliwa K, Stewart S. Childhood and Infant exposure to famine in the Biafran war is associated with hypertension in later life: the Abia NCDS study. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:936-943. [PMID: 36473942 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are very few studies in Africans investigating the association between early life exposure to malnutrition and subsequent hypertension in adulthood. We set out to investigate this potential association within an adult cohort who were born around the time of the Biafran War (1968-1970) and subsequent famine in Nigeria. This was a retrospective analysis of Abia State Non-Communicable Diseases and Cardiovascular Risk Factors (AS-NCD-CRF) Survey, a community-based, cross-sectional study that profiled 386 adults (47.4% men) of Igbo ethnicity born in the decade between January 1965 and December 1974. Based on their date of birth and the timing of the famine, participants were grouped according to their exposure to famine as children (Child-Fam) or in-utero fetus/infant (Fet-Inf-Fam) or no exposure (No-Fam). Binomial logit regression models were fitted to determine the association between famine exposure and hypertension in adulthood. Overall, 130 participants had hypertension (33.7%). Compared to the No-Fam group (24.4%), the prevalence of hypertension was significantly elevated in both the Child-Fam (43% - adjusted OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.14-5.36) and Fet-Inf-Fam (44.6% - adjusted OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.33-4.86) groups. The risk of hypertension in adulthood was highest among females within the Child-Fam group. However, within the Fet-Inf-Fam group males had a equivalently higher risk than females. These data suggest that early life exposure to famine and malnutrition in Africa is associated with a markedly increased risk of hypertension in adulthood; with sex-based differences evident. Thus, the importance of avoiding armed conflicts and food in-security in the region cannot be overstated. The legacy effects of the Biafran War clearly show the wider need for ongoing programs that support the nutritional needs of African mothers, infants and children as well as proactive surveillance programs for the early signs of hypertension in young Africans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okechukwu S Ogah
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Institute of Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | | | - Innocent Ijezie Chukwuonye
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Adanze Asinobi
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fisayo Ogah
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Mesoma Frances Okeke
- Alexander Brown Hall, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ojoma Peace Attah
- Alexander Brown Hall, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Karen Sliwa
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Soweto Cardiovascular Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Simon Stewart
- Institute of Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
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Simões-Alves AC, Arcoverde-Mello APFC, Campos JDO, Wanderley AG, Leandro CVG, da Costa-Silva JH, de Oliveira Nogueira Souza V. Cardiometabolic Effects of Postnatal High-Fat Diet Consumption in Offspring Exposed to Maternal Protein Restriction In Utero. Front Physiol 2022; 13:829920. [PMID: 35620602 PMCID: PMC9127546 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.829920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the high incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases has been replaced by a high prevalence of chronic and degenerative diseases. Concomitantly, there have been profound changes in the behavior and eating habits of families around the world, characterizing a “nutritional transition” phenomenon, which refers to a shift in diet in response to modernization, urbanization, or economic development from undernutrition to the excessive consumption of hypercaloric and ultra-processed foods. Protein malnutrition that was a health problem in the first half of the 20th century has now been replaced by high-fat diets, especially diets high in saturated fat, predisposing consumers to overweight and obesity. This panorama points us to the alarming coexistence of both malnutrition and obesity in the same population. In this way, individuals whose mothers were undernourished early in pregnancy and then exposed to postnatal hyperlipidic nutrition have increased risk factors for developing metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Thus, our major aim was to review the cardiometabolic effects resulting from postnatal hyperlipidic diets in protein-restricted subjects, as well as to examine the epigenetic repercussions occasioned by the nutritional transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiany Cibelle Simões-Alves
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fonseca Cabral Arcoverde-Mello
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Jéssica de Oliveira Campos
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | | | - Carol Virginia Gois Leandro
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - João Henrique da Costa-Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Oliveira Nogueira Souza
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Viviane de Oliveira Nogueira Souza,
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Shukla N, Kolthur‐Seetharam U. Drosophila Sirtuin 6 mediates developmental diet-dependent programming of adult physiology and survival. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13576. [PMID: 35233942 PMCID: PMC8920434 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms in the wild experience unpredictable and diverse food availability throughout their lifespan. Over-/under-nutrition during development and in adulthood is known to dictate organismal survival and fitness. Studies using model systems have also established long-term effects of developmental dietary alterations on life-history traits. However, the underlining genetic/molecular factors, which differentially couple nutrient inputs during development with fitness later in life are far less understood. Using Drosophila and loss/gain of function perturbations, our serendipitous findings demonstrate an essential role of Sirtuin 6 in regulating larval developmental kinetics, in a nutrient-dependent manner. The absence of Sirt6 affected ecdysone and insulin signalling and led to accelerated larval development. Moreover, varying dietary glucose and yeast during larval stages resulted in enhanced susceptibility to metabolic and oxidative stress in adults. We also demonstrate an evolutionarily conserved role for Sirt6 in regulating physiological homeostasis, physical activity and organismal lifespan, known only in mammals until now. Our results highlight gene-diet interactions that dictate thresholding of nutrient inputs and physiological plasticity, operative across development and adulthood. In summary, besides showing its role in invertebrate ageing, our study also identifies Sirt6 as a key factor that programs macronutrient-dependent life-history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Ullas Kolthur‐Seetharam
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research‐Hyderabad (TIFR‐H) Hyderabad India
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Liang X, Chen J, An X, Liu F, Liang F, Tang X, Qu P. The impact of PM2.5 on children's blood pressure growth curves: A prospective cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:107012. [PMID: 34991268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association between exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 mm or less (PM2.5) and blood pressure (BP) levels in children and adolescents and to illustrate the impact of PM2.5 levels on BP growth curves in a cohort study. METHODS A longitudinal study was designed and included 4303 children (7617 BP measurements) living in the selected areas, and evaluations were conducted in 2014-2015 (visit 1) and followed up in 2019 (visit 2). Two-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to include urban-rural areas. A mixed linear regression model and mixed logistic regression model were used to analyze the effect of PM2.5 exposure on BP and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in children. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (2.21 (95% CIs: 0. 81, 3.62), mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (1.92 (95% CIs: 0.74, 3.11), mmHg), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (2.03 (95% CIs: 0.89, 3.17), mmHg) and heart rate (HR) (2.24 (95% CIs: 0.11, 4.37), beats/min) increased significantly in the fourth quartile of PM2.5 exposure levels compared with the first quartile (all P < 0.01). In addition, long-term exposure to PM2.5 was significantly positively correlated with SBP, DBP and MAP, and the effect was more notable in urban areas than that in rural areas. Moreover, the risk of prehypertension and hypertension incidence increased by 1.17 (95% CIs: 1.03, 1.33) fold with a one-quartile increase in PM2.5 exposure. The long-term effects of annual mean PM2.5 exposure on SBP, DBP and MAP were significant from pregnancy to 7, 3 and 4 years of age, respectively. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was positively associated with growth curves of hemodynamics indexed from pregnancy to childhood and adolescence, and the effect was more significant in urban areas than in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xian Tang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Qu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
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Barros MADV, de Brito Alves JL, Barros RGN, Santana E Silva M, Nasser S, Tourneur Y, Leandro CVG, Vidal H, Pirola L, Costa-Silva JH. Effects of maternal protein restriction on central and peripheral renin-angiotensin systems in male rat offspring. Life Sci 2020; 263:118574. [PMID: 33049280 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the involvement of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) on the cardiorespiratory control in rats from dams fed with a low-protein diet. MAIN METHODS Male offspring were obtained from dams fed a normoprotein diet (NP, 17% casein) and low-protein diet (LP, 8% casein) during pregnancy and lactation. Direct measurements of arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR) and respiratory frequency (RF) were recorded in awake 90-day-old at resting and after losartan potassium through either intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinjections or intravenous (IV) administration. Cardiovascular variability was evaluated by spectral analysis. Peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity was assessed through the potassium cyanide (KCN; 40 μg/0.1 ml/rat, IV). Gene expression was evaluated by qPCR, and MAPK (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase) expression was evaluated by western blot. KEY FINDINGS The LP offspring had higher mean AP (MAP) and RF than NP offspring. In the spectral analysis, the LP rats also showed higher low frequency of systolic AP (NP: 2.7 ± 0.3 vs. LP: 5.0 ± 1.0 mmHg). After ICV losartan, MAP and RF in LP rats remained higher than those in NP rats, but without changes in HR. The peripheral chemoreflex was similar between the groups. LP group had lower gene expression of Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) (NP: 1.13 ± 0.06 vs. LP: 0.88 ± 0.08). Peripherally, LP rats had larger delta of MAP after IV losartan (NP: -9.8 ± 2 vs. LP: -23 ± 6 mmHg), without changes in HR and RF. SIGNIFICANCE In rats, the RAS participates peripherally, but not centrally, in the maintenance of arterial hypertension in male offspring induced by maternal protein restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Assis de Vasconcelos Barros
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil; Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, UFPB, João Pessoa 58051900, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Gabriella Nery Barros
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Manuel Santana E Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Souad Nasser
- Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Yves Tourneur
- Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Carol Virgínia Gois Leandro
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil
| | - Hubert Vidal
- Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Luciano Pirola
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil; Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - João Henrique Costa-Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, 50670-901, Recife, Brazil; Carmen (Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, 69921 Oullins, France.
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González-Fernández D, Pons EDC, Rueda D, Sinisterra OT, Murillo E, Scott ME, Koski KG. Identification of High-Risk Pregnancies in a Remote Setting Using Ambulatory Blood Pressure: The MINDI Cohort. Front Public Health 2020; 8:86. [PMID: 32292772 PMCID: PMC7121149 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ambulatory blood pressure is a potential tool for early detection of complications during pregnancy, but its utility in impoverished settings has not been assessed. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether maternal infections, nutrient deficiencies and inflammation (MINDI) were associated with four measures of maternal blood pressure (BP) and to determine their association with symphysis-fundal-height (SFH). Methods: Environmental and dietary factors, intake of iron and a multiple-nutrient supplement (MNS), markers of inflammation, protein, anemia, folate, vitamins B12, A and D status, and urogenital, skin, oral and intestinal nematode infections were measured in indigenous pregnant Panamanian women. Stepwise multiple linear and logistic regression models explored determinants of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), hypotension (SBP < 100 and DBP < 60), mean arterial pressure (MAP), elevated MAP (eMAP), and pulse pressure (PP). Associations of BP with intestinal nematodes and with SFH Z scores (≥16 wk) were also explored. Results: Despite absence of high SBP or DBP, 11.2% of women had eMAP. Furthermore, 24.1% had hypotension. Linear regression showed that hookworm infection was associated with higher SBP (P = 0.049), DBP (P = 0.046), and MAP (P = 0.016), whereas Ascaris was associated with lower DBP (P = 0.018) and MAP (P = 0.028). Trichomonas was also associated with lower SBP (P < 0.0001) and MAP (P = 0.009). The presence of Trichuris (OR: 6.7, 95% CI 1.0-44.5) and folic acid deficiency (OR: 6.9, 95% CI 1.4-33.8) were associated with increased odds of eMAP. The odds of low BP was higher in the presence of Ascaris (OR: 3.63 ± 2.28, P = 0.040), but odds were lowered by MNS (OR: 0.35 ± 0.11, P = 0.001), more intake of animal-source foods/wk (OR: 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9) and by higher concentrations of IL-17 (OR: 0.87 ± 0.05, P = 0.016). Conclusion: MINDI were bi-directionally associated with blood pressure indicators. In this MINDI cohort, infections, nutrients and cytokines both raised, and lowered BP indices. The presence of eMAP identified pregnant women at risk of hypertension whereas low PP was associated with lower SFH. Therefore, MAP and PP may help in detecting women at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in settings with limited access to technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris González-Fernández
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University (Macdonald Campus), Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Delfina Rueda
- "Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé" Health Region, Ministry of Health, San Félix, Panama
| | | | - Enrique Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Marilyn E Scott
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Kristine G Koski
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University (Macdonald Campus), Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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9
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Alves DS, Barbosa DFS, Nogueira VO, Tourneur Y, Fontes DAF, Brito-Alves JL, Costa-Silva JH. Maternal protein restriction affects cardiovascular, but not respiratory response to L-glutamate microinjection into the NTS of conscious rats. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:907-918. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1692508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Alves
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - D. F. S. Barbosa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - V. O. Nogueira
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Y. Tourneur
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - D. A. F. Fontes
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - J. L. Brito-Alves
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, UFPB, Brazil
| | - J. H. Costa-Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
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10
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de Araújo EV, Carneiro dos Santos LA, Speretta GFF, Ferreira GDAH, de Luna Freire MO, de Santana DF, Carvalho‐Galvão A, Cruz JC, Costa-Silva JHD, Braga V, Brito Alves JL. Short‐ and long‐term effects of maternal dyslipidaemia on blood pressure and baroreflex sensitivity in male rat offspring. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:27-37. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guilherme Fleury Fina Speretta
- Department of Physiological Sciences Biological Sciences Centre Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianopolis Brazil
| | | | | | - David Filipe de Santana
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Federal University of Pernambuco Vitória de Santo Antão Brazil
| | - Alynne Carvalho‐Galvão
- Biotechnology Department Biotechnology Centre Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Josiane Campos Cruz
- Biotechnology Department Biotechnology Centre Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - João Henrique da Costa-Silva
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Federal University of Pernambuco Vitória de Santo Antão Brazil
| | - Valdir Braga
- Biotechnology Department Biotechnology Centre Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - José Luiz Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition Health Sciences Centre Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
- Biotechnology Department Biotechnology Centre Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
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11
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Maternal physical activity prevents the overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α and cardiorespiratory dysfunction in protein malnourished rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14406. [PMID: 31594995 PMCID: PMC6783408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal physical activity attenuates cardiorespiratory dysfunctions and transcriptional alterations presented by the carotid body (CB) of rats. Rats performed physical activity and were classified as inactive/active. During gestation and lactation, mothers received either normoprotein (NP-17% protein) or low-protein diet (LP-8% protein). In offspring, biochemical serum levels, respiratory parameters, cardiovascular parameters and the mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and purinergic receptors were evaluate. LP-inactive pups presented lower RF from 1st to 14th days old, and higher RF at 30 days than did NP-inactive and NP-active pups. LP-inactive pups presented with reduced serum protein, albumin, cholesterol and triglycerides levels and an increased fasting glucose level compared to those of NP-inactive and NP-active groups. LP and LP-inactive animals showed an increase in the cardiac variability at the Low-Frequency bands, suggesting a major influence of sympathetic nervous activity. In mRNA analyses, LP-inactive animals showed increased HIF-1α expression and similar expression of TH and purinergic receptors in the CB compared to those of NP groups. All these changes observed in LP-inactive pups were reversed in the pups of active mothers (LP-active). Maternal physical activity is able to attenuate the metabolic, cardiorespiratory and HIF-1α transcription changes induced by protein malnutrition.
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12
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de Araújo EV, Guimarães KSDL, Magnani M, Cruz JC, Vidal H, Braga VDA, de Brito Alves JL. Maternal dyslipidemia during pregnancy and lactation increases blood pressure and disrupts cardiorespiratory and glucose hemostasis in female rat offspring. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:925-936. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension and metabolic disorders evidenced in adults who have been exposed to nutritional insults during early life may be sex-dependent. We evaluated if blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory control, and metabolic parameters are affected in female offspring (FO) from dams fed a dyslipidaemic diet during pregnancy and lactation. FO was obtained from dams who received control (CTL) or dyslipidaemic diets during pregnancy and lactation. The effects of a maternal dyslipidaemic diet on BP, cardiorespiratory control, and biochemical parameters were assessed at 30 and 90 days of age. The experimental protocol based on a dyslipidaemic diet intervention was effective in developing maternal dyslipidemia. At 30 days of age, the FO from dyslipidaemic dams displayed disordered respiratory pattern, enhanced ventilatory response to hypercapnia (P < 0.05), and increased serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides (P < 0.05) when compared with CTL female offspring. At 90 days of age, FO from dyslipidaemic dams had augmented BP (P < 0.05), exacerbated cardiorespiratory responses to hypercapnia (P < 0.05), enhanced pressor responses to peripheral chemoreflex activation (P < 0.05), impaired baroreflex (P < 0.05), and larger delta variations in arterial pressure after ganglionic blockade (P < 0.05). Furthermore, during oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, FO from dyslipidaemic dams exhibited altered glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05) when compared with FO from CTL dams. Altered breathing linked to enhanced central and peripheral chemosensitivity, impaired baroreflex, and augmented sympathetic tone may be predisposing factors for increased BP and metabolic disorders in female offspring from dyslipidaemic dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Veríssimo de Araújo
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Josiane Campos Cruz
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Hubert Vidal
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN (Cardio, Metabolism, Diabetes and Nutrition) Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Oullins, France
| | | | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
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13
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Sinha S, Patro N, Patro IK. Maternal Protein Malnutrition: Current and Future Perspectives of Spirulina Supplementation in Neuroprotection. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:966. [PMID: 30618587 PMCID: PMC6305321 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition has been widely recognized as a grave burden restricting the progress of underdeveloped and developing countries. Maternal, neonatal and postnatal nutritional immunity provides an effective approach to decrease the risk of malnutrition associated stress in adulthood. Particularly, maternal nutritional status is a critical contributor for determining the long-term health aspects of an offspring. Maternal malnutrition leads to increased risk of life, poor immune system, delayed motor development and cognitive dysfunction in the children. An effective immunomodulatory intervention using nutraceutical could be used to enhance immunity against infections. The immune system in early life possesses enormous dynamic capacity to manage both genetic and environment driven processes and can adapt to rapidly changing environmental exposures. These immunomodulatory stimuli or potent nutraceutical strategy can make use of early life plasticity to target pathways of immune ontogeny, which in turn could increase the immunity against infectious diseases arising from malnutrition. This review provides appreciable human and animal data showing enduring effects of protein deprivation on CNS development, oxidative stress and inflammation and associated behavioral and cognitive impairments. Relevant studies on nutritional supplementation and rehabilitation using Spirulina as a potent protein source and neuroprotectant against protein malnutrition (PMN) induced deleterious changes have also been discussed. However, there are many futuristic issues that need to be resolved for proper modulation of these therapeutic interventions to prevent malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrstha Sinha
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India.,School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nisha Patro
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Ishan K Patro
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India.,School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
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14
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Luna RCP, de Oliveira Y, Lisboa JVC, Chaves TR, de Araújo TAM, de Sousa EE, Miranda Neto M, Pirola L, Braga VA, de Brito Alves JL. Insights on the epigenetic mechanisms underlying pulmonary arterial hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7437. [PMID: 30365723 PMCID: PMC6207290 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by localized increased
arterial blood pressure in the lungs, is a slow developing long-term disease
that can be fatal. PAH is characterized by inflammation, vascular tone
imbalance, pathological pulmonary vascular remodeling, and right-sided heart
failure. Current treatments for PAH are palliative and development of new
therapies is necessary. Recent and relevant studies have demonstrated that
epigenetic processes may exert key influences on the pathogenesis of PAH and may
be promising therapeutic targets in the prevention and/or cure of this
condition. The aim of the present mini-review is to summarize the occurrence of
epigenetic-based mechanisms in the context of PAH physiopathology, focusing on
the roles of DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and
non-coding RNAs. We also discuss the potential of epigenetic-based therapies for
PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C P Luna
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - Y de Oliveira
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J V C Lisboa
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - T R Chaves
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - T A M de Araújo
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - E E de Sousa
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M Miranda Neto
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L Pirola
- INSERM U1060, Lyon 1 University, Oullins, France
| | - V A Braga
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J L de Brito Alves
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Departamento de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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15
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Nogueira V, Brito-Alves J, Fontes D, Oliveira L, Lucca W, Tourneur Y, Wanderley A, da Silva GSF, Leandro C, Costa-Silva JH. Carotid body removal normalizes arterial blood pressure and respiratory frequency in offspring of protein-restricted mothers. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:1000-1012. [PMID: 30242293 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects elicited by carotid body removal (CBR) on ventilatory function and the development of hypertension in the offspring of malnourished rats. Wistar rats were fed a normo-protein (NP, 17% casein) or low-protein (LP, 8% casein) diet during pregnancy and lactation. At 29 days of age, the animals were submitted to CBR or a sham surgery, according to the following groups: NP-cbr, LP-cbr, NP-sham, or LP-sham. In the short-term, at 30 days of age, the respiratory frequency (RF) and immunoreactivity for Fos on the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN; brainstem site containing CO2 sensitive neurons) after exposure to CO2 were evaluated. In the long term, at 90 days of age, arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), and cardiovascular variability were evaluated. In the short term, an increase in the baseline RF (~6%), response to CO2 (~8%), and Fos in the RTN (~27%) occurred in the LP-sham group compared with the NP-sham group. Interestingly, the CBR in the LP group normalized the RF in response to CO2 as well as RTN cell activation. In the long term, CBR reduced the mean AP by ~20 mmHg in malnourished rats. The normalization of the arterial pressure was associated with a decrease in the low-frequency (LF) oscillatory component of AP (~58%) and in the sympathetic tonus to the cardiovascular system (~29%). In conclusion, carotid body inputs in malnourished offspring may be responsible for the following: (i) enhanced respiratory frequency and CO2 chemosensitivity in early life and (ii) the production of autonomic imbalance and the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Nogueira
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Jose Brito-Alves
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Danilo Fontes
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Larissa Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracajú, SE, Brazil
| | - Waldecy Lucca
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracajú, SE, Brazil
| | - Yves Tourneur
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Almir Wanderley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Glauber S F da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carol Leandro
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Costa-Silva
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
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