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Govindaiah PM, Maheswarappa NB, Banerjee R, Muthukumar M, Manohar BB, Mishra BP, Sen AR, Biswas AK. Decoding halal and jhatka slaughter: novel insights into welfare and protein biomarkers in slow-growing broiler chicken. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38988214 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first evidence of blood biochemical and proteomic changes in slow-growing broiler chicken subjected to ritual slaughter like halal (HS) and jhatka (JS) without stunning and commercial slaughter with electrical stunning (ES) was decoded. RESULTS Significant stress indicators like cortisol and triiodothyronine were markedly elevated in JS birds, whereas increased (P < 0.05) levels of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase were observed in JS and ES birds. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to MALDI-TOF MS elucidated the overabundance of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and l-lactate dehydrogenase that are positively correlated with stress in JS broilers. Bioinformatic analysis explored the multifaceted landscape of molecular functions. CONCLUSION The study has uncovered that ritual slaughter performed without stunning against commercial slaughter with ES practices elicit varying levels of stress as evident from blood biochemistry and novel protein markers. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad M Govindaiah
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | | | - Rituparna Banerjee
- Meat Proteomics Lab, ICAR-National Meat Research Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Balaji B Manohar
- Meat Proteomics Lab, ICAR-National Meat Research Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bidyut Prava Mishra
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Arup R Sen
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ashim K Biswas
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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2
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Ramos PM, Scheffler TL, Beline M, Bodmer J, Gerrard DE, Silva SL. Challenges and opportunities of using Bos indicus cattle to meet consumers' demand for quality beef. Meat Sci 2024; 207:109375. [PMID: 37924645 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Beef consumption is expected to increase worldwide, which necessitates the use of Bos indicus cattle that are well-adapted to harsher climates, like the tropics. Yet, beef from these cattle is considered inferior to that of Bos taurus breeds, primarily due to lowered tenderness values and reduced intramuscular fat content. However, the benefits of using Bos indicus genetics are numerous and undeniable. Herein, we explore how decreases in meat quality in these cattle may be offset by increases in livability. Further, we review the knowledge surrounding beef tenderness and explore the processes occurring during the early events of the transformation of muscle to meat that are different in this biological type and may be altered by stress. Growth rate, calpastatin activity and mitochondrial function will be discussed as they relate to tenderness. The opportunities of using Bos indicus cattle are of great interest to the beef industry worldwide, especially given the pressures for enhancing the overall sustainability and carbon footprint of this sector. Delivering a consistently high-quality product for consumers by exploiting Bos indicus genetics in a more sustainable manner will be proposed. Information on novel factors that influence the conversion of muscle to meat is explored to provide insights into opportunities for maximizing beef tenderization and maturation across all cattle. Exploring the use of Bos indicus cattle in modern production schemes, while addressing the mechanisms undergirding meat tenderness should provide the industry with a path forward for building greater demand through producing higher quality beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Ramos
- Animal Science Department, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Tracy L Scheffler
- Animal Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mariane Beline
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jocelyn Bodmer
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - David E Gerrard
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Saulo Luz Silva
- Animal Science Department, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
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Ghosh S, Bornman C, Meskini M, Joghataei M. Microbial Diversity in African Foods and Beverages: A Systematic Assessment. Curr Microbiol 2023; 81:19. [PMID: 38008849 PMCID: PMC10678836 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive and in-depth examination of the microbial diversity inherent in African food and beverages, with a particular emphasis on fermented products. It identifies and characterizes the dominant microorganisms, including both prokaryotes and yeasts, prevalent in these foods, and furthermore, critically analyzes the health benefits of these microbial strains, especially their probiotic properties, which could potentially improve digestion and contribute to human health. Notably, it underscores the vital role these microorganisms play in bolstering food security across Africa by enhancing and preserving food quality and safety. It also delves into the potential applications of microbial products, such as metabolites, in the food industry, suggesting their possible use in food processing and preservation. Conclusively, with a summarization of the key findings, emphasizing the importance of gaining a deep understanding of microbial diversity in African beverages and foods. Such knowledge is crucial not only in promoting food security but also in advancing public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
| | - Charné Bornman
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Maryam Meskini
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Teheran, Iran
- Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Teheran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Joghataei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Jia W, Wu X. Potential biomarkers analysis and protein internal mechanisms by cold plasma treatment: Is proteomics effective to elucidate protein-protein interaction network and biochemical pathway? Food Chem 2023; 426:136664. [PMID: 37352708 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
New market trends of meat flavor, tenderness, and color quality indicators have prompted the research on meat preservation as a crucial topic to received attention. Present research about the effects of irradiation, cold plasma technology on meat is incomplete. There are strongly recommended that proteomics techniques be jointly to enhance the coverage of internal meat molecules for meat research. By identifying meat proteins, detecting biological functions, and quantifying the protein segments of specific meat biomarkers, which can be provided for the information of diagnostic components in preservative technologies. The current review provides scientific findings on various control strategies: (i) combine the data-independent acquisition to provide a reference for the meat molecular mechanism and rapid identification; (ii) design molecular networks biological functions assessment model; (iii) molecular investigations of cold plasma techniques and underlying mechanisms; (iv) explore the X-rays and γ-rays treatment in meat preservation and myoglobin change mechanism more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xinyu Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Biological Health Markers Associated with Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows during Lactation Period. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030405. [PMID: 36984846 PMCID: PMC10051964 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize and present different biological health markers in dairy cows during the lactation period. Biochemical health markers provide an indicator of how foreign chemical substances, whether external or internal, affect the animal’s health. To understand the relationship between dairy cow health issues and oxidative stress, various biomarkers of oxidative stress must be investigated. Biochemical and hematological factors play a significant role in determining the biological health markers of animals. A variety of biochemical parameters are dependent on various factors, including the animal’s breed, its age, its development, its pregnancy status, and its production status. When assessing the health of cattle, a blood test is conducted to determine the blood chemistry. To diagnose diseases in dairy animals, the blood biochemistry is necessary to determine the cause of many physiological, metabolic, and pathological problems. Observing blood alterations during pregnancy and at peak lactation may determine what factors lift oxidative stress in cows due to disturbances in feed intake and metabolic processes.
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Picard B, Cougoul A, Couvreur S, Bonnet M. Relationships between the abundance of 29 proteins and several meat or carcass quality traits in two bovine muscles revealed by a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses. J Proteomics 2023; 273:104792. [PMID: 36535620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the relationships between meat or carcass properties and the abundance of 29 proteins quantified in two muscles, Longissimus thoracis and Rectus abdominis, of Rouge des Prés cows. The relative abundance of the proteins was evaluated using a high throughput immunological method: the Reverse Phase Protein array. A combination of univariate and multivariate analyses has shown that small HSPs (CRYAB, HSPB6), fast glycolytic metabolic and structural proteins (MYH1, ENO3, ENO1, TPI1) when assayed both in RA and LT, were related to meat tenderness, marbling, ultimate pH, as well as carcass fat-to-lean ratio or conformation score. In addition to some small HSP, ALDH1A1 and TRIM72 contributed to the molecular signature of muscular and carcass adiposity. MYH1 and HSPA1A were among the top proteins related to carcass traits. We thus shortened the list to 10 putative biomarkers to be considered in future tools to manage both meat and carcass properties. SIGNIFICANCE: In three aspects this manuscript is notable. First, this is the first proteomics study that aims to evaluate putative biomarkers of both meat and carcass qualities that are of economic importance for the beef industry. Second, the relationship between the abundance of proteins and the carcass or meat traits were evaluated by a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses on 48 cows that are representative of the biological variability of the traits. Third, we provide a short list of ten proteins to be tested in a larger population to feed the pipeline of biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Picard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Arnaud Cougoul
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sébastien Couvreur
- École Supérieure d'Agricultures, USC ESA-INRAE 1481 Systèmes d'Elevage, 55 rue Rabelais - BP 30748 - 49007 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Muriel Bonnet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Njoga EO, Ilo SU, Nwobi OC, Onwumere-Idolor OS, Ajibo FE, Okoli CE, Jaja IF, Oguttu JW. Pre-slaughter, slaughter and post-slaughter practices of slaughterhouse workers in Southeast, Nigeria: Animal welfare, meat quality, food safety and public health implications. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282418. [PMID: 36867613 PMCID: PMC9983863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-slaughter stress or the welfare condition of food-producing animals (FPAs) and the slaughter practices of slaughterhouse workers (SHWs) are critically important for the safety and quality of meats processed in slaughterhouses (SHs). Consequently, this study determined the pre-slaughter, slaughter, and post-slaughter (PSP) practices of SHWsin four SHs in Southeast, Nigeria; and discussed the impacts on meat quality and safety. METHODS The PSP practices were determined by observation method. Additionally, a structured and validated closed-ended questionnaire was used to determine the knowledge of the SHWs on: the effects of poor welfare (preslaughter stress) on the quality and safety of meats produced, carcass/meat processing practices and modes of transmission of meat-borne zoonotic pathogens during carcass/meat processing. Finally, a systematic post-mortem inspection (PMI) was conducted on cattle, pigs and goats slaughtered, and economic losses accruable from condemned carcasses/meats were estimated. RESULTS Food-producing animals were transported to the SHs or held in the lairage under inhumane conditions. A pig being conveyed to one of the SHs was seen gasping for air, as it was firmly tied on motorbike at the thoracic and abdominal regions. Fatigued cattle were forcefully dragged on the ground from the lairage to the killing floor. Cattle for slaughter were restrained, held in lateral recumbency and left groaning, due to extreme discomfort, for about one hour before slaughter. Stunning was not performed. Singed pig carcasses were dragged on the ground to the washing point. Although more than 50% of the respondents knew the modes of transmission of meat-borne zoonotic pathogens during meat processing, 71.3% of the SHWs processed carcasses on bare floor, 52.2% used same bowl of water to wash multiple carcasses while 72% did not wear personal protective equipment during meat/carcass processing. Processed meats were transported to meat shops in an unsanitary conditions, using open vans and tricycles. During the PMI, diseased carcasses/meats/organs were detected in 5.7% (83/1452), 2.1% (21/1006) and 0.8% (7/924) of the cattle, pig and goat carcasses inspected, respectively. Gross lesions pathognomonic of bovine tuberculosis, contagious bovine pleuro-pneumonia, fascioliasis and porcine cysticercosis were detected. Consequently, 391,089.2 kg of diseased meat/organs valued at 978 million Naira (235, 030 USD) were condemned. There were significant associations (p < 0.05) between educational level and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during slaughterhouse operations and knowledge that FPAs can harbour zoonotic pathogens (p = < 0.001) transmissible during carcass processing. Similarly, significant association was observed between working experience and use of PPE; and between geographical location of the respondents and knowledge that zoonotic pathogens in animals are transmissible during carcass processing or via the food chain. CONCLUSION The findings show that slaughter practices of SHWs have detrimental impacts on the quality and safety of meats processed for human consumption in Southeast, Nigeria. These findings underscore the need to: improve the welfare condition of slaughter-animals, mechanise abattoir operations, train and retrain the SHWs on hygienic carcass/meat processing practices. There is a need to adopt strict enforcement of food safety laws to promote meat quality, food safety and consequently promote the health of the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O. Njoga
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- * E-mail: (EON); (SUI)
| | - Stanley U. Ilo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- * E-mail: (EON); (SUI)
| | - Obichukwu C. Nwobi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Onyinye S. Onwumere-Idolor
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Festus E. Ajibo
- Department of Animal Health and Production, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe E. Okoli
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ishmael F. Jaja
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - James W. Oguttu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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