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Camacho Soto JN, Exner-Cortens D, McMorris C, Madigan S. Secondary and Tertiary Prevention for Adolescent Dating Violence: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024:15248380241265384. [PMID: 39077987 DOI: 10.1177/15248380241265384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent dating violence (ADV) is a pervasive public health issue associated with numerous social, psychological, and physical health consequences. Thus, programs are often implemented to prevent ADV and promote healthy relationships. Although there is a growing body of literature on primary ADV prevention strategies (i.e., prevention), little is known about secondary (e.g., early intervention) and tertiary (e.g., manage and reduce impact once occurring) ADV prevention approaches. This systematic review, guided by Cochrane Review methodology, summarizes available evidence on secondary and tertiary ADV preventive interventions. The search had no date restriction and was conducted in eight databases in November 2022. Studies published in English and/or Spanish were included if they described the development, implementation, and/or evaluation of a secondary and/or tertiary preventive intervention for ADV. After screening the titles and abstracts of 3,645 articles, 31 articles were included in this study, reporting on 14 secondary, 3 primary/secondary, 6 secondary/tertiary, and 1 tertiary ADV preventive intervention. The included studies highlighted that available secondary ADV prevention strategies are quite effective in preventing ADV victimization and perpetration, and that the effects may be strongest for teens with a higher risk of being involved in an abusive relationship. The only included study that reported on a tertiary intervention was a program development study. Based on the lack of tertiary prevention strategies available for ADV, clinical interventions focusing on treating and reducing negative consequences after ADV are needed.
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de Moura JQ, Saratt MM, da Silva SCS, Silva VC, Murta SG, Habigzang LF. Adaptation and feasibility assessment of a dating violence prevention program for girls in foster care. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2024; 37:9. [PMID: 38483652 PMCID: PMC10940555 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dating violence in adolescence is a serious public health issue due to its significant impact on mental health and its significant predictive value for intimate partner violence in adulthood. Universal and selective programs can contribute to the prevention of this issue. Nonetheless, there are few selective programs with evidence of feasibility in contexts of social vulnerability. OBJECTIVE The present study examined evidence of the feasibility of a dating violence selective prevention program for girls in foster care by monitoring process indicators during the implementation phase of a pilot study. METHODS The program, originally designed for adolescents in the general population, was adapted to the context of girls at risk. The pilot study was conducted in the southern region of Brazil and involved the participation of six girls aged between 15 and 17. Both quantitative and qualitative measures were used, and the data were explored through frequency analysis, the Jacobson and Truax test, and content analysis. RESULTS The study identified favorable evidence regarding demand, acceptability, and adaptation of the intervention. On the other hand, contextual and institutional barriers hindered recruitment and restricted the reach of the intervention. CONCLUSION Although there are changes to be made to improve the program's applicability in its specific context, it should be emphasized that this study provides evidence to maintain the methods and content of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julliane Quevedo de Moura
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Prédio 11, 9º Floor, Room 924, Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619900, Brazil.
| | - Manoela Mosena Saratt
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Prédio 11, 9º Floor, Room 924, Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619900, Brazil
| | | | - Victória Caroline Silva
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Prédio 11, 9º Floor, Room 924, Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619900, Brazil
| | - Sheila Giardini Murta
- Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, Universidade de Brasília, SQN 606, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, ICC Sul, IP-PCL Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910900, Brazil
| | - Luísa Fernanda Habigzang
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Prédio 11, 9º Floor, Room 924, Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619900, Brazil
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Krahé B. Teen dating violence: From analyzing the problem to finding solutions. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2021; 2021:169-175. [PMID: 34802180 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Stewart R, Wright B, Smith L, Roberts S, Russell N. Gendered stereotypes and norms: A systematic review of interventions designed to shift attitudes and behaviour. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06660. [PMID: 33912699 PMCID: PMC8066375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the face of ongoing attempts to achieve gender equality, there is increasing focus on the need to address outdated and detrimental gendered stereotypes and norms, to support societal and cultural change through individual attitudinal and behaviour change. This article systematically reviews interventions aiming to address gendered stereotypes and norms across several outcomes of gender inequality such as violence against women and sexual and reproductive health, to draw out common theory and practice and identify success factors. Three databases were searched; ProQuest Central, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Articles were included if they used established public health interventions types (direct participation programs, community mobilisation or strengthening, organisational or workforce development, communications, social marketing and social media, advocacy, legislative or policy reform) to shift attitudes and/or behaviour in relation to rigid gender stereotypes and norms. A total of 71 studies were included addressing norms and/or stereotypes across a range of intervention types and gender inequality outcomes, 55 of which reported statistically significant or mixed outcomes. The implicit theory of change in most studies was to change participants' attitudes by increasing their knowledge/awareness of gendered stereotypes or norms. Five additional strategies were identified that appear to strengthen intervention impact; peer engagement, addressing multiple levels of the ecological framework, developing agents of change, modelling/role models and co-design of interventions with participants or target populations. Consideration of cohort sex, length of intervention (multi-session vs single-session) and need for follow up data collection were all identified as factors influencing success. When it comes to engaging men and boys in particular, interventions with greater success include interactive learning, co-design and peer leadership. Several recommendations are made for program design, including that practitioners need to be cognisant of breaking down stereotypes amongst men (not just between genders) and the avoidance of reinforcing outdated stereotypes and norms inadvertently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stewart
- BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Breanna Wright
- BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liam Smith
- BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Roberts
- School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Russell
- Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Matson PA, Ridenour TA, Chung SE, Adhia A, Grieb SD, Poole E, Huettner S, Rothman EF, Bair-Merritt MH. Adolescent and Young Women's Daily Reports of Emotional Context and Episodes of Dating Violence. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2021; 36:271-279. [PMID: 34149163 PMCID: PMC8210854 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-020-00151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate same day, previous day, and next day associations between trust, closeness, commitment, jealousy and provision of instrumental support with dating violence victimization and perpetration. METHOD A convenience sample of young women, 16-19 years, in a heterosexual dating relationship with at least one act (past month) of physical or psychological victimization or perpetration, were recruited from urban public locations. Participants answered questions daily via text continuously for four months on dating violence and partner-specific emotions. Daily surveys asked about trust, closeness, commitment for their partner, jealousy, perceptions of partner's jealousy and provision of instrumental support to and from partner, and dating violence victimization and perpetration. Multilevel modeling examined within-relationship associations over time. RESULTS Mean (sd) age for the full sample was 18.1 (1.1) years. Same-day emotional context (trust, closeness, commitment, jealousy and provision of instrumental support) was more strongly associated with victimization and perpetration compared to previous day emotions. Strongest same-day positive associations were with partner's perpetration, both partner's jealousy, and females' instrumental support. Partner's jealousy and increased trust were best predictors of next day victimization. Closeness, commitment and trust went down on the day of violence. Perpetration was positively associated with next day commitment. Victimization was positively associated with next day trust. CONCLUSIONS This event-level analysis demonstrates the role and timing that emotional aspects of adolescent relationships - including positive feelings - have surrounding episodes of dating violence. This granular understanding of the emotional context of dating violence has the potential to facilitate development of effective, developmentally appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A. Matson
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Ty A. Ridenour
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | - Shang-en Chung
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Avanti Adhia
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, University of Washington, 401 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA
| | - Suzanne D. Grieb
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Eddie Poole
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Steven Huettner
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Emily F. Rothman
- Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave Crosstown Center, Boston, MA 02118 USA
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Kan ML, Palen LA, Hill J, Herrman JW, Williams JD, Feinberg ME. Preventing Intimate Partner Violence Among Teen Mothers: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2021; 30:87-97. [PMID: 33776391 PMCID: PMC7992364 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-020-01831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) among teens who are pregnant or parenting, the field is lacking evidence-based prevention programs designed for this population. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively adapt the evidence-based Safe Dates IPV prevention program and conduct a pilot study of the adapted program with female teens who were pregnant or parenting. We completed formative research including a literature review, focus groups, and pre-testing of adapted content to inform the revised curriculum. We then conducted a randomized controlled trial with 32 teens (average age = 17) to compare the adapted program to the original program on implementation characteristics and outcomes, including IPV perpetration and victimization. Directions of effect favored the adapted program over the original program for 18 out of 21 implementation outcomes for which models could be estimated and for 11 of 12 participant outcomes. The strongest effects, all favoring the adapted program, were found for observer-reported adherence to the curriculum, participant ratings of the relevance of characters and scenarios, participant knowledge of ways to get help for abuse, and attitudes toward IPV. These findings demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the adapted program for this target population and suggest that the program may be efficacious when evaluated in a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni L Kan
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
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Racionero-Plaza S, Ugalde L, Merodio G, Gutiérrez-Fernández N. "Architects of Their Own Brain." Social Impact of an Intervention Study for the Prevention of Gender-Based Violence in Adolescence. Front Psychol 2020; 10:3070. [PMID: 32116875 PMCID: PMC7016211 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in psychology has evidenced both the prevalence of gender-based violence among youth worldwide and the negative impacts that such violence has on the victims’ mental and physical health. Neuroscience has proven that violent intimate relationships harm the brain, while very simple social experiences can change the brain architecture in positive directions. Also, interventions that have been demonstrated to be successful in preventing and responding to gender violence in adolescence have been informed by psychology. This article reviews the social impact of psychology in the field of teen gender violence and then reports on the potential social impact achieved by an intervention study consisting of seven interventions framed by the research line on the preventive socialization of gender violence. The program was addressed to 15- and 16-year-old adolescents and focused on supporting free reconstruction of mental and affective models of attractiveness via critical analysis of the dominant coercive discourse, which links attraction to violence. The communicative methodology involved working with an Advisory Committee from the beginning of the study, as well as continuous dialog between the researchers and the participants, which was used to refine subsequent interventions. The results show that the program contributed to raising participants’ critical consciousness regarding the dominant coercive discourse in their life, provided the participant subjects with cognitive tools to better understand their own and others’ sexual-affective thinking, emotions, and behaviors, in favor of rejecting violence, and supported the modification of female adolescents’ sexual preferences for different types of men. Importantly, the findings also indicate that the interventions aided some participants’ use of the knowledge gained in the project to help their friends and communities in reflecting upon coercive patterns of sexual attraction, the quality of their intimate relationships, and the different effects of sexual violence and toxic relationships on health. Some individuals reported leaving toxic relationships after the interventions. This intervention research illustrates Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s metaphor, employed to explain plasticity: that every person, if s/he decides it, can be the architect of her or his own brain. With evidence-based cognitive tools within the reach of every adolescent, and upon individual free choice for transformation, a new sexual-affective socialization free from violence is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leire Ugalde
- Department of Didactics and School Organization, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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Herrman JW, Palen LA, Kan M, Feinberg M, Hill J, Magee E, Haigh KM. Young Mothers' and Fathers' Perceptions of Relationship Violence: A Focus Group Study. Violence Against Women 2018; 25:274-296. [PMID: 30070168 DOI: 10.1177/1077801218780356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Teens and young adults who are pregnant or parenting are important targets for efforts to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV). To intervene appropriately and effectively, we need to fully understand the unique issues and contexts for IPV in this population. This focus group study examined young parents' ( N = 28) perceptions of their relationships, stressors and sources of conflict, forms of IPV, and help-seeking behaviors. We examined data using template, content, thematic, and framework analyses. Findings about relationships and violence between young parents provide valuable insights for future intervention programs designed to prevent or address IPV among teen parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Feinberg
- 3 The Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
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Herrman JW, Finigan-Carr N, Haigh KM. Intimate partner violence and pregnant and parenting adolescents in out-of-home care: reflections on a data set and implications for intervention. J Clin Nurs 2016; 26:2409-2416. [PMID: 27271242 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To present the findings from a data set reflecting intimate partner violence among adolescents who are pregnant and parenting and living in out-of-home care and to analyse these findings in order to generate potential interventions to address this significant issue. BACKGROUND Because of their developmental stage, coupled with the stress of pregnancy and new parenthood, adolescent women who are pregnant or postpartum are often at a high risk of abuse. Violence may include physical, emotional/psychological, verbal and sexual abuse, along with birth control sabotage and pregnancy coercion. Adolescent mothers in out-of-home care such as foster care, juvenile detention facilities, kinship care or living in complex family circumstances may be at an even higher risk of intimate partner violence related to the increase in stress, conflict and tenuous situations. DESIGN This descriptive study was designed, using baseline self-report and demographic data, to examine the relationship of pregnancy or parenting among adolescents with a fear of or reported involvement in intimate partner violence. METHODS A total of 151 sexually active, urban, system-involved youths in out-of-home care were assessed between 2012-2015 with a survey questionnaire assessment of sexual reproductive health behaviours, areas of risk and protective factors. RESULTS The findings indicated a significant association between ever having been pregnant and fear of intimate partner violence. CONCLUSIONS In this population, fear of intimate partner violence was prevalent among adolescent mothers, adding to the complexity of an already difficult family situation. Due to the small sample size and the potential correlation between intimate partner violence and adolescent motherhood, future longitudinal studies with larger samples of adolescents residing in out-of-home care are needed to better understand how this relationship impacts adolescent mothers, their children and families.
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