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Qi LQ, Yu Z, Chen QH, Li JX, Xue HB, Liu F. Toluene degradation using plasma-catalytic hybrid system over Mn-TiO 2 and Fe-TiO 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23494-23509. [PMID: 36323971 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposed a hybrid system that combined dielectric barrier discharge plasma with catalysis (DPC) for toluene degradation. To improve the performance of DPC, photocatalysts TiO2 were doped by Mn and Fe, respectively. All prepared photocatalysts were characterized using UV-Visual DRS., SEM, XPS, BET, and XRD. The effects of the doping ratio, AC frequency, electric field intensity, gas flow rate, and initial concentration on toluene degradation efficiency, ozone decomposition capacity, and COx selectivity have been investigated. The best doping ratios of Mn and Fe were both 1.0 at%. The increase of electric field intensity in the range of 6.9-10.3 kV/cm could favor the synergism for DPC significantly, but the ascending of AC Frequency failed to do that. Fe-DPC showed slightly better performance than Mn-DPC in degradation efficiency and COx selectivity, while Mn-DPC was ahead of Fe-DPC for the ozone decomposition. Mn-DPC and Fe-DPC both could maintain the high toluene degradation efficiency, when gas flow rate and initial concentration increase from 2.5 to10.1 cm/s and from 700 to 2300 mg/cm3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qiang Qi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hao Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao-Bo Xue
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutant Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alzakari ZA, Mohamed FA, Menezes RG. The Use of Volatile Substances in Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e33430. [PMID: 36628398 PMCID: PMC9822528 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) is a significant crime that is increasing in incidence. The employment of volatile substances such as chloroform and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons in DFSAs is quite an unusual choice. The objective of this review is to explore the use of volatile substances in DFSAs. Using the PubMed database, a systematic review of the literature was conducted. Thereafter, citation searching was carried out within the included studies from the primary search. A total of five studies were eligible for inclusion. Chloroform was the drug used in the DFSA in three of the included studies, and aromatic hydrocarbons in the remaining two. Two of the offenders who employed chloroform possessed a unique way to access the drug: their degrees. The evidence found in the DFSA cases included a chloroform-scented scarf and a solvent-immersed cloth. Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-electrospray coupled tandem mass spectrometry, toxicology assays of blood and urine, and solvent or hydrocarbon gas chromatography flame-ionization detection followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were among the investigations performed to detect the volatile substances. The implementation of stricter regulations on chloroform for employees in chemical industries and laboratories is recommended. In cases where the autopsy is unclear and there are conspicuous facial and airway injuries, it is prudent to collect an early sample for volatile substance analysis.
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Wen Z, Dai P, Zhou Z, Guo L, Zhang T, Genjiafu A, Jian T, Li Y, Kan B, Jian X. Case Report: Toxic encephalopathy caused by repeated inhalation of liquid sealant. Front Public Health 2022; 10:920310. [PMID: 35991034 PMCID: PMC9389144 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.920310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term exposure to high levels of organic solvents, as well as long-term exposure to small doses, can damage the central nervous system, thereby leading to toxic encephalopathy. However, toxic encephalopathy caused by long-term inhalation of liquid sealant is rarely reported. This study describes the clinical data of a case of toxic encephalopathy caused by repeated inhalation of liquid sealants and discusses the pathophysiological characteristics and treatment of organic solvent toxic encephalopathy. This report aims to strengthen the understanding of this disease among clinical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Wen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lanlan Guo
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tongyue Zhang
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aerbusili Genjiafu
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianzi Jian
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baotian Kan
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Baotian Kan
| | - Xiangdong Jian
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Xiangdong Jian
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Photo-catalytic oxidation of gaseous toluene by Z-scheme Ag3PO4-g-C3N4 composites under visible light: Removal performance and mechanisms. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Handlos P, Gebauerová V, Papoušek R, Handlosová K, Dokoupil M, Klabal O, Uvíra M. Toluene abuse as a contributing factor in a case of fatal autoerotic asphyxia. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022; 57:102062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2022.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nalcacioglu H, Tekcan D, Can Meydan B, Ozkaya O. Acute kidney injury in an adolescent: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:315-317. [PMID: 32556959 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Nalcacioglu
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Demet Tekcan
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Bilge Can Meydan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ozan Ozkaya
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Saman SA, Chang KH, Abdullah AFL. Profiling of cured residue of solvent-based adhesives by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with chemometrics for forensic investigation. J Forensic Sci 2020; 66:608-618. [PMID: 33202056 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abuse of solvent-based adhesives jeopardizes world population, especially the young generation. Adhesive-related exhibits encountered in forensic cases might need to be determined if they could have come from a particular source or to establish link between cases or persons. This study was aimed to discriminate solvent-based adhesives, especially to aid forensic investigation of glue sniffing activities. In this study, thirteen brands with three samples each, totaling at 39 adhesive samples, were analyzed using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy followed by chemometric methods. Experimental output showed that adhesive samples utilized in this study were less likely to change in their ATR-FTIR profiles over time, at least up to 2 months. No interference from plastic materials was noticed based on ATR-FTIR profile comparison. Physical examination could differentiate the samples into two groups, namely contact adhesives and cement adhesives. A principal component analysis-score linear discriminative analysis (PC-score LDA) model resulted in 100% and 98.6% correct classification in discriminating the two groups of adhesive samples, forming seven discriminative clusters. Test set with adhesive samples applied glass slide and plastic substrates also demonstrated a 100% correct classification into their respective groups. As a conclusion, the method allowed for discrimination of adhesive samples based on the spectral features, displaying relationship among samples. It is hoped that this comparative information is beneficial to trace the possible source of solvent-based adhesives, whenever they are recovered from a crime scene, for forensic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmimi Azira Saman
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Kah Haw Chang
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fahmi Lim Abdullah
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Almomani F, Bhosale R, Shawaqfah M. Solar oxidation of toluene over Co doped nano-catalyst. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126878. [PMID: 32387727 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) co-doped TiO2 photo-catalysis were synthesized, characterized and tested toward solar photocatalytic oxidation of toluene (TOL). A multi-technique approach was used to characterize and relate the photo-catalytic property to photo-oxidation performance. Adding Co to TiO2 significantly changed crystal size and surface morphology (surface area, pore-volume, and pore size), reduced the bandgap energy of TiO2 and improved the solar photo-oxidation of TOL. Up to 96.5% of TOL conversion (%TNconv) was achieved by using Co-TiO2 compared with 28.5% with naked TiO2. The maximum %TNconv was achieved at high hydraulic retention time (HRT) ≥ 100 s, Co content in the photo-catalyst of 5 wt% and relative humidity (%RH) of 50%. The mechanism of TOL solar oxidation was related to the concentration of OH• and •O2-. radicals produced from the generated electrons and holes on the surface of Co-TiO2. The products formed during the photo-catalytic oxidation of TOL were mainly CO2 and water, and minor concentration of benzene and benzaldehyde. Overall, the Co-TiO2 could be used as a potential photo-catalyst for the oxidation of toluene in gas-phase streams on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box - 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box - 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Moayyed Shawaqfah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
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Analysis prevention of deviant behavior ngelem in junior high school students in Gowa district 2019. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Munawar K, Choudhry FR, Hadi MA, Khan TM. Prevalence of and Factors Contributing to Glue Sniffing in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Region: A Scoping Review and Meta-analysis. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:752-762. [PMID: 31852359 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1701036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Although glue sniffing has been linked with significant morbidity and mortality, it is still under-researched and poorly recognized issue globally. Objective: A scoping review was performed to identify the factors and outcomes related to glue sniffing in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. Methods: Ten databases; Medline via Ovid, Google scholar, EBSCOhost (CINAHL Plus), ProQuest Central, PsycInfo, IndMED, Ovid Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched from their inception to January 2019 for both qualitative and quantitative studies examining any aspect of glue-sniffing. Studies published only in English language were included. Prevalence of glue-sniffing in SAARC region was the primary outcome measure. Findings: Of 8951studies screened, 344 were assessed for eligibility and 31 studies were included. The majority of the studies were conducted in India (15) and Pakistan (11). Meta-analysis of proportion, using random effects model, for both primary and secondary outcomes found that the highest incidence of glue sniffing was 57% (0.57, CI 95% 0.49-0.66) in India. The overall incidence of tobacco and naswar (snuff) as was 83% (0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.86). Conclusions: The prevalence of glue sniffing, especially among street children, is alarmingly high and presents a challenge for health and social services for countries in SAARC region. More research work is required to examine long term impact of glue sniffing on physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeeja Munawar
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Psychology, University of Wah, Wah Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Riaz Choudhry
- Department of Psychology, Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Abdul Hadi
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tahir Mehmood Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Jonoidi Jafari A, Kermani M, Hosseini-Bandegharaei A, Rastegar A, Gholami M, Alahabadi A, Farzi G. Synthesis and characterization of Ag/TiO2/composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption and photo-catalytic degradation of toluene from the gas phase. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Lee Y, Lee S, Kim HS, Moon JT, Joo JB, Choi I. Multifunctional and recyclable TiO2 hybrid sponges for efficient sorption, detection, and photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Medico-legal implications of toluene abuse and toxicity. Review of cases along with blood concentrations. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2018; 34:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li M, Lu B, Ke QF, Guo YJ, Guo YP. Synergetic effect between adsorption and photodegradation on nanostructured TiO 2/activated carbon fiber felt porous composites for toluene removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:88-98. [PMID: 28342359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The low quantum efficiency and limited adsorption efficiency of TiO2 makes it only fit for the removal of VOCs with low concentrations. Herein, we for the first time fabricated nanostructured TiO2/activated carbon fiber felt (TiO2/ACFF) porous composites by the in situ deposition of TiO2 microspheres on the carbon fibers in ACFF. Interestingly, the TiO2 microspheres exhibit hierarchical nanostructures constructed by nanocrystals as building blocks. The TiO2/ACFF porous composites possess excellent adsorption and photodegradation properties for toluene because of the synergetic effects between the nanostructured TiO2 and ACFF. The adsorption efficiencies of the TiO2/ACFF porous composites reach approximately 98% at the toluene concentration (<1150ppm) and approximately 77% even at the high concentration of 6900ppm. Moreover, the ACFF in the TiO2/ACFF porous composites significantly enhances photocatalytic property for toluene by hindering the recombination of electron-hole pairs, reducing the TiO2 band gap energy (Eg) to 2.95eV and accelerating toluene adsorption. At the toluene concentrations of 230ppm and 460ppm, the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of toluene into CO2 arrives at 100% and 81.5%, respectively. Therefore, the TiO2/ACFF porous composites with synergetic adsorption and photocatalytic activities have great potentials for toluene removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qin-Fei Ke
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ya-Jun Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ya-Ping Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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