1
|
Hauch H, El Mohaui N, Sander M, Rellensmann G, Berthold D, Kriwy P, Zernikow B, Wager J, Schneck E. Implementation and evaluation of a palliative care training unit for EMS providers. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1272706. [PMID: 37830055 PMCID: PMC10565227 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1272706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of children with life-limiting conditions (LLCs) is rising. It is characteristic for these children to require 24/7 care. In emergencies, families must decide to call the emergency medical service (EMS) or a palliative care team (PCT)-if available. For EMS teams, an emergency in a child with an LLC is a rare event. Therefore, EMS providers asked for a training unit (TU) to improve their knowledge and skills in pediatric palliative care. Aim of the study The questions were as follows: whether a TU is feasible, whether its integration into the EMS training program was accepted, and whether an improvement of knowledge can be achieved. Methods We designed and implemented a brief TU based on findings of a previous study that included 1,005 EMS providers. The topics covered were: (1) basics in palliative home care, (2) theoretical aspects, and (3) practical aspects. After participating in the TU, the participants were given a questionnaire to re-evaluate their learning gains and self-confidence in dealing with emergencies in pediatric patients with LLC. Results 782 (77.8%) of 1,005 participants of the previous study responded to the questionnaire. The average age was 34.9 years (±10.7 years SD), and 75.3% were male. The average work experience was 11.4 years (±9.5 years SD), and 15.2% were medical doctors. We found an increase in theoretical knowledge and enhanced self-confidence in dealing with emergencies in patients with LLC (confidence: before training: 3.3 ± 2.0 SD; after training: 5.7 ± 2.1 SD; min.: 1; max.: 10; p < 0.001). The participants changed their approaches to a fictitious case report from more invasive to less invasive treatment. Most participants wanted to communicate directly with PCTs and demanded a standard operating procedure (SOP) for treating patients with LLC. We discussed a proposal for an SOP with the participants. Conclusion EMS providers want to be prepared for emergencies in children with LLCs. A brief TU can improve their knowledge and confidence to handle these situations adequately. This TU is the first step to improve collaboration between PCTs and EMS teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Hauch
- Department of Children’s Pain Therapy and Pediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Palliative Care Team for Children, University Children’s Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Naual El Mohaui
- Palliative Care Team for Children, University Children’s Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Michael Sander
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Georg Rellensmann
- Department of Children’s Pain Therapy and Pediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Daniel Berthold
- Department for Medical Oncology and Palliative Care, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Giessen Site, Germany
| | - Peter Kriwy
- Institute for Sociology, Technical University of Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
| | - Boris Zernikow
- Department of Children’s Pain Therapy and Pediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- PedScience Research Institute, Datteln, Germany
| | - Julia Wager
- Department of Children’s Pain Therapy and Pediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- PedScience Research Institute, Datteln, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Schneck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saeed S, Mulcaire J, Umana E, Foley J, Browne L, Keane O, Chionh WW, O'Leary MJ, Deasy C. Attitudes and knowledge of emergency doctors towards end-of-life care in the emergency department: a national survey. Eur J Emerg Med 2023; 30:267-270. [PMID: 37247016 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency departments (EDs) are seeing an increase in patients requiring end-of-life (EOL) care. There is paucity of data of attitudes and knowledge of physicians providing EOL care in the ED both internationally and in Ireland. OBJECTIVE The aim of this project was to assess the attitudes and knowledge of ED physicians towards EOL care. METHODS This was a cross-sectional electronic survey of ED physicians working in Irish EDs and was facilitated through the Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network over a 6-week period. The questionnaire covered the following domains: demographic data, awareness of EOL Care, views and attitudes towards EOL care. RESULTS Of a potential 679 respondents, 441 responses were received, of which 311 (response rate of 44.8%) had fully completed the survey across 23 participant sites. Majority of the respondents were under the age of 35 (62%), were male (58%) and at Senior House Officer level (36%). In terms of awareness, 32% (98) of respondents were not aware of palliative care services in their hospitals while only 29% (91) were aware of national EOL guidance. Fifty-five percent (172) reported commencing EOL care in the ED, however 75.5% (234) respondents reported their knowledge of EOL care to be limited or non-existent. Only 30.2% respondents felt comfortable commencing EOL care in the ED without speciality team input. There appears to be a lack of clarity on the roles and responsibilities of emergency medicine nurses and doctors in the care of the dying patient in ED with only 31.2% (95) being clear on this role. Significant differences were observed associated with clinical experience and physician grade. CONCLUSION This study has highlighted a lack of awareness and knowledge of EOL care particularly amongst less experienced emergency medicine doctors. Formalized training and education programs in the provision of EOL care in the ED will improve comfort levels and knowledge amongst the emergency medicine doctors and improve the quality of care provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saema Saeed
- Emergency Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
| | - Jeffrey Mulcaire
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
- Emergency Department, St James Hospital
| | - Etimbuk Umana
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
- Emergency Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital
| | - James Foley
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
- Emergency Department, St Vincent University Hospital, Dublin
| | - Leonard Browne
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
- Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick
| | - Owen Keane
- Emergency Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
| | | | - Mary Jane O'Leary
- Palliative Medicine, Cork University Hospital & Marymount University Hospice, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conor Deasy
- Emergency Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork
- Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN)
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hauch H, El Mohaui N, Vaillant V, Sander M, Kriwy P, Rohde M, Wolff J, Berthold D, Schneck E. Prehospital emergency medicine for children receiving palliative home care in Germany-a cross-sectional, exploratory study of EMS providers. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1104655. [PMID: 36865689 PMCID: PMC9971952 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1104655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of children with life-limiting conditions is rising, and since the amendment of the social insurance code in Germany, palliative home care teams have treated an increasing number of children. These teams provide 24/7 readiness, yet some parents still call the general emergency medical service (EMS) for various reasons. EMS is exposed to complex medical problems in rare diseases. Questions arose about the experiences of EMS and whether they felt prepared for emergencies involving children treated by a palliative care team. METHODS This study used a mixed methods approach to focus on the interface between palliative care and EMS. First, open interviews were conducted, and a questionnaire was developed based on the results. The variables included demographic items and individual experiences with patients. Second, a case report of a child with respiratory insufficiency was presented to assess the spontaneous treatment intentions of EMS providers. Finally, the need, relevant topics, and duration of specific training in palliative care for EMS providers were evaluated. RESULTS In total, 1,005 EMS providers responded to the questionnaire. The average age was 34.5 years (±10.94SD), 74.6% were male. The average work experience was 11.8 years (±9.7), 21.4% were medical doctors. Experience with a call of a life-threatening emergency involving a child was reported by 61.5% and severe psychological distress during such a call was reported by 60.4%. The equivalent distress frequency for adult patient calls was 38.3%. (p < 0.001). After review of the case report, the EMS respondents suggested invasive treatment options and rapid transport to the hospital. Most (93.7%) respondents welcomed the consideration of special training in pediatric palliative care. This training should include basic information about palliative care, an analysis of cases involving palliatively treated children, an ethical perspective, practical recommendations, and available (24/7) local contact for further guidance and support. CONCLUSION Emergencies in pediatric palliatively treated patients were more common than expected. EMS providers perceived the situations as stressful, and there is a need for specific training with practical aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Hauch
- Palliative Care Team for Children, University Children's Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.,University Children's Hospital Giessen, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Naual El Mohaui
- Palliative Care Team for Children, University Children's Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Vera Vaillant
- Palliative Care Team for Children, University Children's Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Michael Sander
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Peter Kriwy
- Institute of Sociology, University of Technology, Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
| | - Marius Rohde
- University Children's Hospital Giessen, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Johannes Wolff
- Department of Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Pediatric Oncology, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Daniel Berthold
- University Hospital Giessen, Palliative Care Team for Adults, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Schneck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Robson S, Craswell A. Experiences of emergency department nurses using palliative care resources and associated tools in the provision of quality care of a dying patient. Int J Palliat Nurs 2022; 28:464-472. [PMID: 36269290 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2022.28.10.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Access to quality palliative and end-of-life care in the emergency department is as vitally important as care at any other stage of life. This study aimed to investigate nurses' perceptions of the use of a suite of dedicated resources to support the provision of care to patients who are dying in the emergency environment. The study followed a qualitative descriptive design; 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic coding. Five themes were developed: facilitating care delivery; comfort and environmental adjustments; visual symbolism; developing knowledge to overcome fear; and perceptions of family experiences. There is an increasing need to access palliative care in the emergency department; the use of a suite of resources can play an important role in the provision of quality care to the dying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Robson
- Clinical Nurse Consultant, Specialist Palliative Care Service, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Australia
| | - Alison Craswell
- Senior Research Fellow, University of Sunshine Coast, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aquino J, Crilly J, Ranse K. The end-of-life care practices of emergency care nurses and the factors that influence these practices: An integrative review. Int Emerg Nurs 2022; 63:101168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2022.101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
6
|
Munro A, Grundy K. Aotearoa New Zealand emergency medicine specialists on the provision of care at or near the end of life: A survey. Emerg Med Australas 2022; 34:599-604. [PMID: 35267231 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The ED is an increasingly important venue for the initiation of palliative care. We sought to characterise the opinions, experience, training and education of ED staff in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ) with regard to specific aspects of palliative care in the NZ ED setting. METHODS All NZ FACEMs were personally emailed a simple unstructured 16-part survey asking questions about initiating palliative care, goals of care, initiation and availability of advance care plans, frailty screening, availability of palliative expertise, training and education, cultural safety and pastoral care of staff. All EDs were contacted and a link provided for non-FACEM ED staff who wished to participate. Free-text comments were analysed for dominant themes. RESULTS All NZ EDs had at least one participant. There was a high level of senior medical staff engagement with 60% of NZ FACEMs participating. More than 300 free-text comments from this group were available for theme analysis. A total of 93% of NZ FACEM respondents agree that palliative care should be able to be initiated in the ED. Only 25% of this group knew of training in serious illness conversations in the ED while only 34% felt culturally competent when providing end-of-life care for Māori and their whanau (family). Pastoral care for ED staff appears to be ad hoc. Time and privacy limitations were common themes. CONCLUSIONS There is significant opportunity for quality improvement in the initiation and provision of palliative care from the ED. Attention to how departments provide pastoral care to their staff is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Munro
- Emergency Department, Nelson Hospital, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Kate Grundy
- Integrated Palliative Care Service, Christchurch Public Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Christchurch Hospital Palliative Care Service, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang YH, De Silva MWS, Allen JC, Lateef F, Omar EB. End-of-Life Communication in the Emergency Department: The Emergency Physicians' Perspectives. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2022; 15:29-34. [PMID: 35431486 PMCID: PMC9006716 DOI: 10.4103/jets.jets_80_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: End-of-life (EOL) conditions are commonly encountered by emergency physicians (EP). We aim to explore EPs’ experience and perspectives toward EOL discussions in acute settings. Methods: A qualitative survey was conducted among EPs in three tertiary institutions. Data on demographics, EOL knowledge, conflict management strategies, comfort level, and perceived barriers to EOL discussions were collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SAS. Results: Of 63 respondents, 40 (63.5%) were male. Respondents comprised 22 senior residents/registrars, 9 associate consultants, 22 consultants, and 10 senior consultants. The median duration of emergency department practice was 8 (interquartile range: 6–10) years. A majority (79.3%) reported conducting EOL discussions daily to weekly, with most (90.5%) able to obtain general agreement with families and patients regarding goals of care. Top barriers were communications with family/clinicians, lack of understanding of palliative care, and lack of rapport with patients. 38 (60.3%) deferred discussions to other colleagues (e.g., intensivists), 10 (15.9%) involved more family members, and 13 (20.6%) employed a combination of approaches. Physician's comfort level in discussing EOL issues also differed with physician seniority and patient type. There was a positive correlation between the mean general comfort level when discussing EOL and the seniority of the EPs up till consultancy. However, the comfort level dropped among senior consultants as compared to consultants. EPs were most comfortable discussing EOL of patients with a known terminal illness and least comfortable in cases of sudden death. Conclusions: Formal training and standardized framework would be useful to enhance the competency of EPs in conducting EOL discussions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Helen Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Fatimah Lateef
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wright R, Lowton K, Hansen BR, Grocott P. Older adult and family caregiver preferences for emergency department based-palliative care: An experience-based co-design study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2020.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
9
|
Rawlings D, Winsall M, Yin H, Devery K. What is a compassionate response in the emergency department? Learner evaluation of an End-of-Life Essentials online education module. Emerg Med Australas 2021; 33:983-991. [PMID: 33951282 PMCID: PMC9292911 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the End‐of‐Life Essentials education module ‘Emergency Department End‐of‐Life Care’ and explore learners' views on what constitutes a compassionate response in the ED. Methods The present study used a multi‐methods approach. Learners comprised a mix of nurses, doctors and allied health professionals. A quantitative pre‐post evaluation analysis of learners' (n = 959) knowledge, skills, attitude and confidence was conducted, along with a qualitative thematic content analysis on learner responses (n = 538) to the post‐evaluation question, ‘What is a compassionate response for you in the emergency department?’ Data were extracted for a 12‐month period, 6 May 2019 to 6 May 2020. Results Learners' post‐evaluation ranks of knowledge, skill, attitude and confidence were significantly higher than the pre‐evaluation ranks (P < 0.001). Emerging themes from the qualitative data were organised into three overarching categories: communication skills (e.g. listening and use of names), care discussion and provision (e.g. provide information and discuss care plans) and humanising healthcare (e.g. emotional support and empathy, taking the time, and offering kindness and comfort). Conclusion The ‘Emergency Department End‐of‐Life Care’ module had a significant positive impact on learners in relation to perceived knowledge, skill, attitude and confidence. This evaluation suggests that the End‐of‐Life Essentials ED module could be a useful online learning resource for health professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deb Rawlings
- Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Megan Winsall
- Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Huahua Yin
- Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kim Devery
- Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wong KH, Yang LCM, Woo KWR, Wong OF, Kwong WY, Tse CF, Lam SKT, Ma HM, Lit CHA, Ho HF, Shih YN. Attitudes and educational needs of emergency doctors providing palliative and end-of-life care in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional analysis based on a self-report study. BMC Palliat Care 2021; 20:48. [PMID: 33757502 PMCID: PMC7988912 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-021-00742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the ageing population in Hong Kong, the importance and need of palliative care and end-of-life (EOL) care are coming under the spotlight. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the attitudes of emergency doctors in providing palliative and EOL care in Hong Kong, and to investigate the educational needs of emergency doctors in these areas. Methods A questionnaire was used to study the attitudes of ED doctors of six different hospitals in Hong Kong. The questionnaire recorded the attitudes of the doctors towards the role of palliative and EOL care in EDs, the specific obstacles faced, their comfort level and further educational needs in providing such care. The attitudes of emergency doctors of EDs with EOL care services were compared with those of EDs without such services. Results In total, 145 emergency doctors completed the questionnaire, of which 60 respondents were from EDs with EOL care services. A significant number of participants recognized that the management of the dying process was essential in ED. Providing palliative and EOL care is also accepted as an important competence and responsibility, but the role and priority of palliative and EOL care in ED are uncertain. Lack of time and access to palliative care specialists/ teams were the major barriers. Doctors from EDs with EOL care services are more comfortable in providing such care and discuss it with patients and their relatives. Further educational needs were identified, including the management of physical complaints, communication skills, and EOL care ethics. Conclusions The study identified obstacles in promoting palliative and EOL care in the EDs Hong Kong. With the combination of elements of routine ED practice and a basic palliative medicine skill set, it would promote the development of palliative and EOL care in Emergency Medicine in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-021-00742-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwun Hang Wong
- Accident and Emergency Department, North Lantau Hospital, 8 Chung Yan Road, Tung Chun, Lantau, Hong Kong
| | - Li Chuan Marc Yang
- Fong Tam Yuen Leung Emergency Medicine Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, 9 Chak Cheung Street, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. .,Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Kam Wing Raymond Woo
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, 111 Wing Hong Street, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Oi Fung Wong
- Accident and Emergency Department, North Lantau Hospital, 8 Chung Yan Road, Tung Chun, Lantau, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Yan Kwong
- Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Choi Fung Tse
- Accident and Emergency Department, Tin Shui Wai Hospital, 11 Tin Tan Street, Tin Shui Wai, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Shing Kit Tommy Lam
- Accident and Emergency Department, Poh Oi Hospital, Au Tau, Yuen Long, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hing Man Ma
- Accident and Emergency Department, North Lantau Hospital, 8 Chung Yan Road, Tung Chun, Lantau, Hong Kong
| | - Chau Hung Albert Lit
- Accident and Emergency Department, North Lantau Hospital, 8 Chung Yan Road, Tung Chun, Lantau, Hong Kong
| | - Hiu Fai Ho
- Accident and Emergency Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yau Ngai Shih
- Accident and Emergency Department, Princess Margaret Hospital, 2-10 Princess Margaret Hospital Road, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
James HSE, Smith AC, Thomas EE, Snoswell CL, Caffery LJ, Haydon HM. Exploring paramedics’ intention to use a specialist palliative care telehealth service. PROGRESS IN PALLIATIVE CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09699260.2020.1852657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. C. Smith
- Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - E. E. Thomas
- Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - C. L. Snoswell
- Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - L. J. Caffery
- Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - H. M. Haydon
- Centre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ground Floor, Building 33, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Nurses Training and Capacitation for Palliative Care in Emergency Units: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56120648. [PMID: 33256039 PMCID: PMC7759785 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Palliative care (PC) prevents and alleviates patients´ suffering to improve their quality of life in their last days. In recent years, there has been an increase in visits to the emergency services (ES) by patients who may need this type of care. The aims were to describe the training and capacitation of nurses from ES in PC. Accordingly, a systematic review was performed. Materials and Methods: Medline, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were used. The search equation was “Palliative care and nursing care and emergency room”. A total of 12 studies were selected. Results: The studies agree on the need for training professionals in PC to provide a higher quality care, better identification of patient needs and to avoid unnecessary invasive processes. Similarly, the implementation of a collaborative model between ES and PC, the existence of a PC specialized team in the ES or proper palliative care at home correspond to a decrease in emergency visits, a lower number of hospitalizations or days admitted, and a decrease in hospital deaths. Conclusions: The development of PC in the different areas of patient care is necessary. Better palliative care leads to a lower frequency of ES by terminal patients, which has a positive impact on their quality of life. Access to PC from the emergency unit should be one of the priority health objectives due to increment in the aged population susceptible to this type of care.
Collapse
|
14
|
Woods EJ, Ginsburg AD, Bellolio F, Walker LE. Palliative care in the emergency department: A survey assessment of patient and provider perspectives. Palliat Med 2020; 34:1279-1285. [PMID: 32666881 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320942453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care has been identified as an area of low outpatient referral from our emergency department, yet palliative care has been shown to improve the quality of patient's lives. AIM This study investigates both provider and patient perspectives on palliative care for the purpose of identifying barriers to increased palliative care utilization within our healthcare system. DESIGN Two surveys were developed, one for patients/caregivers and one for healthcare providers. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS This was a single-center study completed at a quaternary academic emergency department. A survey was sent to emergency medicine providers with 47% response rate. Research staff approached Emergency Department patients who had been identified to be high risk to fill out paper surveys with 76% response rate. RESULTS Only 28% of patients had already undergone palliative care, with an additional 25% interested in palliative care. Nearly half of the patients felt that they needed more resources to prevent hospital visits. Patients identified low understanding of palliative care and difficulty accessing appointments as barriers to consultation. Among providers, 98% indicated that they had patients who would benefit from palliative care. A majority of providers highlighted patient understanding of palliative care and access to appointments as barriers to palliative care. Notably, 52% of providers reported that emergency medicine provider knowledge was a barrier to palliative care consultation. CONCLUSIONS Despite emergency department patients' self-identified need for resources and emergency medicine providers' recognition of patients who would benefit from palliative care, few patients receive palliative care consultation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Woods
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Fernanda Bellolio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Health Science Research, Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura E Walker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wilson W. The case for palliative medicine in the emergency medicine department – The time is now! Indian J Palliat Care 2020; 26:395-396. [PMID: 33311889 PMCID: PMC7725165 DOI: 10.4103/ijpc.ijpc_49_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
16
|
Challenges Faced by Prehospital Emergency Physicians Providing Emergency Care to Patients with Advanced Incurable Diseases. Emerg Med Int 2019; 2019:3456471. [PMID: 31885924 PMCID: PMC6899297 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3456471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of our study was to investigate challenges faced by emergency physicians (EPs) who provide prehospital emergency care to patients with advanced incurable diseases and family caregivers in their familiar home environment. Methods Qualitative study using semistructured interviews with open-ended questions to collect data from 24 EPs. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results We identified nine categories of challenges: structural conditions of prehospital emergency care, medical documentation and orders, finding optimal patient-centered therapy, uncertainty about legal consequences, challenges at the individual (EP) level, challenges at the emergency team level, family caregiver's emotions, coping and understanding of patient's illness, patient's wishes, coping and understanding of patient's illness, and social, cultural, and religious background of patients and families. EPs strengthened that the integrations of specialized prehospital palliative care services improved emergency care by providing resources to patients and family caregivers, enhancing the quality and availability of medical documentation and accessibility of aftercare in emergencies. Areas of improvement that were identified were to promote emergency physicians' knowledge and skills in palliative care, communication, and family caregiver support by education and training. Furthermore, structures for better care on-site, thorough medical documentation, and specialized palliative care emergency facilities in hospital and prehospital care were requested. Conclusion Prehospital emergency care in patients with advanced incurable diseases in their familiar home environment may be improved by training EPs in palliative care, communication, and caregiver support competences. Results underline the importance of collaborative specialized palliative care and prehospital emergency care.
Collapse
|
17
|
Di Leo S, Alquati S, Autelitano C, Costantini M, Martucci G, De Vincenzo F, Kuczynska B, Morini A, Trabucco L, Ursicelli R, Catania G, Ghirotto L. Palliative care in the emergency department as seen by providers and users: a qualitative study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2019; 27:88. [PMID: 31533807 PMCID: PMC6751856 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-019-0662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Much effort has been made to explore how patients with advanced chronic illness and their families experience care when they attend the Emergency Department, and many studies have investigated how healthcare professionals perceive Palliative Care provision in the Emergency Department. Various models exist, but nonetheless incorporating palliative care into the Emergency Department remains challenging. Considering both healthcare professionals’ and users’ perspective on problems encountered in delivering and receiving appropriate palliative care within this context may provide important insight into meaningful targets for improvements in quality of care. Accordingly, this study aims at exploring issues in delivering palliative care in the Emergency Department from the perspective of both providers and users, as part of a larger project on the development and implementation of a quality improvement program in Italian Emergency Departments. Methods A qualitative study involving focus group interviews with Emergency Department professionals and semi-structured interviews with patients with palliative care needs in the Emergency Department and their relatives was conducted. Both datasets were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results Twenty-one healthcare professionals, 6 patients and 5 relatives participated in this study. Five themes were identified: 1) shared priorities in Emergency Department among healthcare professionals and patients, 2) the information provided by healthcare professionals and that desired by relatives, 3) perception of environment and time, 4) limitations and barriers to the continuity of care, and 5) the contrasting interpretations of giving and receiving palliative care. Conclusions This study provides insights into targets for changes in Italian Emergency Departments. Room for improvement relates to training for healthcare professionals on palliative care, the development of a shared care pathway for patients with palliative care needs, and the optimization of Emergency Department environment. These targets will be the basis for the development of a quality improvement program in Italian Emergency Departments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Leo
- Psycho-oncology Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sara Alquati
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cristina Autelitano
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimo Costantini
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Martucci
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Beata Kuczynska
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morini
- Day Surgery, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Trabucco
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ursicelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Catania
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Ghirotto
- Qualitative Research Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al-ansari AM, Suroor SN, Aboserea SM, Abd-el-gawad WM. Harmonizing Palliative Care: National Survey to Evaluate the Knowledge and Attitude of Emergency Physicians towards Palliative Care.. [DOI: 10.1101/19003939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and AimAlthough the challenges of integrating palliative care practices across care settings are real and well recognized until now little is known about palliative care practice of emergency physicians (EPs) and their accessibility to palliative care services in Kuwait. So the aim of this study was to explore the attitude, and knowledge encountered by EPs in providing palliative care in all general hospitals in Kuwait.MethodA cross-sectional survey was performed in the emergency rooms of all general hospitals in Kuwait using Palliative Care Attitude and Knowledge (PCAK) questionnaire.ResultsOf the total number of physicians working in emergency rooms (n=156), 104 (66.67%) had completed the survey. 76.9% (n=80) of the EPs had either uncertain attitude toward palliative care. Most of the EPs (n=73, 70.28%) didn’t discuss the need of the patients to palliative care either with the patients or their families. Only 16 (15.4%) of the EPs responded correctly to the most of the questions while nearly half of the EPs (n=51, 49%) had poor knowledge especially in the most effective management of refractory dysnea (n=18, 17.3%). Experience ≥ 11yrs and better knowledge scores were independent predictors of positive attitude after adjustment of age, sex, qualifications, specialty, position, and nationality [OR: 5.747 (CI: 1.031-25.00), 1.458(CI: 1.148-1.851); p-value: 0.021, 0.002 respectively]..ConclusionsDespite recognizing palliative care as an important competence, the majority of the emergency physicians in Kuwait had uncertain attitude and poor knowledge towards palliative care. Lack of knowledge, direct accessibility to palliative care services and lack of support from palliative medicine specialists were the main reasons for uncertain and negative attitude. Efforts should be done to enhance physician training and provide palliative care resources in order to improve the quality of care given to patients visiting emergency departments.What this paper addsStudies proved that the emergency room may be a suitable place for early referral of patients who may benefit from palliative care especially old age to prevent upcoming undesired admissions and hospital deaths.The integration of palliative care concepts and consultation teams into emergency medicine may help to avoid unnecessary and burdensome treatments, tests, and procedures that are not aligned with patients’ goals of care.Although the challenges of integrating palliative care practices across care settings are real and well recognized until now little is known about palliative care practice of emergency physicians and their accessibility to palliative care services in Kuwait.Recently, a newly developed tool called Palliative Care Attitude and Knowledge (PCAK) questionnaire was created to assess the attitude and knowledge of non-palliative physicians toward palliative care. So the aim of this study was to explore the attitude, and knowledge encountered by emergency physicians in providing palliative care using PCAK 8 in emergency departments in all generalStudies showed that early palliative care consultation was shown to improve quality of life for cancer patients and may even lengthen their survival.What this study addsDespite recognizing palliative care as an important competence, the majority of the emergency physicians in Kuwait had uncertain attitude and poor knowledge towards palliative care. Lack of knowledge, direct accessibility to palliative care services and lack of support from palliative medicine specialists were the main reasons for uncertain and negative attitude.Efforts should be done to enhance physician training and provide palliative care resources in order to improve the quality of care given to patients visiting emergency departments.
Collapse
|
19
|
Prevalence of palliative care patients in emergency departments. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019; 131:404-409. [PMID: 31375918 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-019-1530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency departments (ED) serve as a contact point for critically ill patients. According to experience, a fraction of patients visiting ED present with palliative symptoms and require palliative care; however, the prevalence of these patients has not been determined in Austria so far. METHODS In the ED of a tertiary care medical centre in Carinthia all adult patients presenting between 8 January 2018 and 17 January 2018 were classified on arrival with the Manchester triage system (MTS) and were afterwards assessed with a validated 2‑tier screening tool for palliative care. Patient records were screened in April 2018 to find out whether they received palliative care. RESULTS In total 1277 patients visited the ED during the investigation period. Of these patients 1096 were screened and 145 of these patients (13.2%) showed palliative symptoms and needed a goal-oriented therapy. Of these 145 patients 10.9% were assessed by MTS as emergency, 2.7% as very urgent, 34.7% as urgent, 51% as normal, and 0.7% as not urgent. Only 8 (5.5%) of the patients with palliative medical symptoms actually received palliative care consultation. CONCLUSIONS More than 1 in 10 patients attending an ED suffered from palliative symptoms. Hence it is to be expected that healthcare providers in an ED in Austria will frequently encounter patients with palliative symptoms in emergency admissions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop suitable structures to provide these patients with the best possible care.
Collapse
|
20
|
Alqahtani AJ, Mitchell G. End-of-Life Care Challenges from Staff Viewpoints in Emergency Departments: Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2019; 7:healthcare7030083. [PMID: 31261880 PMCID: PMC6787591 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7030083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The hospital emergency department (ED) is the place where people most commonly seek urgent care. The initial diagnosis of an end-of-life (EOL) condition may occur in the ED. In this review we described the challenges; from the staff members’ perspectives, to safe, appropriate, and high quality end-of-life care (EOLC) for people who are diagnosed with non-malignant diseases who present to ED settings internationally. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, and Web of Science were searched from 2007 to 2017. In this review the challenges in providing quality EOLC from staff viewpoints, for EOL people who are diagnosed with non-malignant progressive diseases in ED settings, were classified into eight themes: (1) EOLC education and training, (2) ED design, (3) Lack of family support, (4) Work Load, (5) ED staff communication and decision making, (6) EOLC quality in ED, (7) resource availability (time, space, appropriate interdisciplinary personnel) and (8) integrating palliative care (PC) in ED. The formulation of EOLC using this review result may help to improve the quality of life for dying people by providing ED staff with clear guidelines that can guide them in their daily practice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Alqahtani
- Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Herston Campus, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Level 8, Health Sciences Building (16/901), Herston, QLD 4029, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey Mitchell
- Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Herston Campus, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Level 8, Health Sciences Building (16/901), Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The Association of Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment With Intensity of Treatment Among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2019; 75:171-180. [PMID: 31248675 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) forms are intended to help prevent the provision of unwanted medical interventions among patients with advanced illness or frailty who are approaching the end of life. We seek to evaluate how POLST form completion, treatment limitations, or both influence intensity of treatment among patients who present to the emergency department (ED). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of adults who presented to the ED at an academic medical center in Oregon between April 2015 and October 2016. POLST form completion and treatment limitations were the main exposures. Primary outcome was hospital admission; secondary outcomes included ICU admission and a composite measure of aggressive treatment. RESULTS A total of 26,128 patients were included; 1,769 (6.8%) had completed POLST forms. Among patients with POLST, 52.1% had full treatment orders, and 6.4% had their forms accessed before admission. POLST form completion was not associated with hospital admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84 to 1.12), ICU admission (aOR=0.82; 95% CI 0.55 to 1.22), or aggressive treatment (aOR=1.06; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.51). Compared with POLST forms with full treatment orders, those with treatment limitations were not associated with hospital admission (aOR=1.12; 95% CI 0.92 to 1.37) or aggressive treatment (aOR=0.87; 95% CI 0.5 to 1.52), but were associated with lower odds of ICU admission (aOR=0.31; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.61). CONCLUSION Among patients presenting to the ED with POLST, the majority of POLST forms had orders for full treatment and were not accessed by emergency providers. These findings may partially explain why we found no association of POLST with treatment intensity. However, treatment limitations on POLST forms were associated with reduced odds of ICU admission. Implementation and accessibility of POLST forms are crucial when considering their effect on the provision of treatment consistent with patients' preferences.
Collapse
|
22
|
Verhoef MJ, de Nijs E, Horeweg N, Fogteloo J, Heringhaus C, Jochems A, Fiocco M, van der Linden Y. Palliative care needs of advanced cancer patients in the emergency department at the end of life: an observational cohort study. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:1097-1107. [PMID: 31197539 PMCID: PMC6989579 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with advanced cancer commonly visit the emergency department (ED) during the last 3 months of life. Identification of these patients and their palliative care needs help initiating appropriate care according to patients' wishes. Our objective was to provide insight into ED visits of advanced cancer patients at the end of life. METHODS Adult palliative patients with solid tumours who died < 3 months after their ED visit were included (2011-2014). Patients, ED visits, and follow-up were described. Factors associated with approaching death were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Four hundred twenty patients were included, 54.5% was male, median age 63 years. A total of 54.6% was on systemic anti-cancer treatments and 10.5% received home care ≥ 1 per day. ED visits were initiated by patients and family in 34.0% and 51.9% occurred during out-of-office hours. Dyspnoea (21.0%) or pain (18.6%) were most reported symptoms. Before the ED visit, limitations on life-sustaining treatments were discussed in 33.8%, during or after the ED visit in 70.7%. Median stay at the ED was 3:29 h (range 00:12-18:01 h), and 319 (76.0%) were hospitalized. Median survival was 18 days (IQ range 7-41). One hundred four (24.8%) died within 7 days after the ED visit, of which 71.2% in-hospital. Factors associated with approaching death were lung cancer, neurologic deterioration, dyspnoea, hypercalcemia, and jaundice. CONCLUSION ED visits of advanced cancer patients often lead to hospitalization and in-hospital deaths. Timely recognition of patients with limited life expectancies and urgent palliative care needs, and awareness among ED staff of the potential of ED-initiated palliative care may improve the end-of-life trajectory of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Joanne Verhoef
- Center of Expertise Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Ellen de Nijs
- Center of Expertise Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nanda Horeweg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Fogteloo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Heringhaus
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Jochems
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yvette van der Linden
- Center of Expertise Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Côté AJ, Payot A, Gaucher N. Palliative Care in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Findings From a Qualitative Study. Ann Emerg Med 2019; 74:481-490. [PMID: 31060745 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Children with medical complexity represent a fragile population and account for the majority of patients followed in pediatric palliative care. Little is known in regard to the role of the emergency department (ED) in caring for the families of children with medical complexity. METHODS Semistructured focus groups were held with health care professionals from pediatric emergency medicine, palliative care, complex care, and intensive care to explore their perspective on pediatric palliative care in the ED. Data were transcribed and analyzed with NVivo software, and thematic analysis and theoretic sampling were performed. RESULTS From January to October 2016, 58 participants were interviewed. Difficulties providing pediatric palliative care in the ED are related on the one hand to characteristics specific to the ED, such as its culture and its health care professionals' strong emotional responses when caring for children with medical complexity, and on the other hand to factors extrinsic to the ED; mainly, lack of continuity of care. For critically ill children with unknown goals of care and potential for end of life, professionals in the ED should evaluate the clinical situation, contact known health care teams, remain open to families' preferences, alleviate distressing symptoms, and create a caring environment. Communication between teams is targeted by health care professionals to facilitate and improve patient flow and care. CONCLUSION Although perspectives differ in regard to how to provide care for pediatric palliative care patients in the ED, several barriers to providing high-quality emergency pediatric palliative care can be overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Josée Côté
- Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Antoine Payot
- Service of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Clinical Ethics Unit and Palliative Care Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine, and the CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Gaucher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chor WPD, Wong SYP, Ikbal MFBM, Kuan WS, Chua MT, Pal RY. Initiating End-of-Life Care at the Emergency Department: An Observational Study. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2019; 36:941-946. [PMID: 30862168 DOI: 10.1177/1049909119836931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Terminally ill patients at their end-of-life (EOL) phase attending the emergency department (ED) may have complex and specialized care needs frequently overlooked by ED physicians. To tailor to the needs of this unique group, the ED in a tertiary hospital implemented an EOL pathway since 2014. The objective of our study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics, symptom burden and management of patients using a protocolized management care bundle. METHODS We conducted an observational study on the database of EOL patients over a 28-month period. Patients aged 21 years and above, who attended the ED and were managed according to these guidelines, were included. Clinical data were extracted from the hospital's electronic medical records system. RESULTS Two hundred five patients were managed under the EOL pathway, with a slight male predominance (106/205, 51.7%) and a median age of 78 (interquartile range 69-87) years. The majority were chronically frail (42.0%) or diagnosed with cancer or other terminal illnesses (32.7%). The 3 most commonly experienced symptoms were drowsiness (66.3%), dyspnea (61.5%), and fever (29.7%). Through the protocolized management care bundle, 74.1% of patients with dyspnea and/or pain received opiates while 59.5% with copious secretions received hyoscine butylbromide for symptomatic relief. CONCLUSION The institution of a protocolized care bundle is feasible and provides ED physicians with a guide in managing EOL patients. Though still suboptimal, considerable advances in EOL care at the ED have been achieved and may be further improved through continual education and enhancements in the care bundle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ping Daniel Chor
- 1 Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Win Sen Kuan
- 1 Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,3 Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mui Teng Chua
- 1 Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,3 Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rakhee Yash Pal
- 1 Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cooper E, Hutchinson A, Sheikh Z, Taylor P, Townend W, Johnson MJ. Palliative care in the emergency department: A systematic literature qualitative review and thematic synthesis. Palliat Med 2018; 32:1443-1454. [PMID: 30028242 DOI: 10.1177/0269216318783920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a fast-paced environment, the emergency clinician has a duty to meet the palliative patient's needs. Despite suggested models and interventions, this remains challenging in practice. AIM To raise awareness of these challenges by exploring the experience of palliative care patients and their families and informal carers attending the emergency department, and of the clinicians caring for them. DESIGN Qualitative systematic literature review and thematic synthesis. Search terms related to the population (palliative care patients, family carers, clinicians), exposure (the emergency department) and outcome (experience). The search was international but restricted to English and used a qualitative filter. Title, abstracts and, where retrieved, full texts were reviewed independently by two reviewers against predefined inclusion criteria arbitrated by a third reviewer. Studies were appraised for quality but not excluded on that basis. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE [1946-], Embase[1947-], CINAHL [1981-] and PsycINFO [1987-] with a bibliography search. RESULTS 19 papers of 16 studies were included from Australia ( n = 5), the United Kingdom ( n = 5), and United States ( n = 9) representing 482 clinical staff involved in the emergency department (doctors, nurses, paramedics, social workers, technicians), 61 patients and 36 carers. Nine descriptive themes formed three analytic themes: 'Environment and Purpose', 'Systems of Care and Interdisciplinary Working' and 'Education and Training'. CONCLUSION In the included studies, provision of emergency palliative care is a necessary purpose of the emergency department. Failure to recognise this, gain the necessary skills or change to systems better suited to its delivery perpetuates poor implementation of palliative care in this environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cooper
- 1 Whiston Hospital, St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Mersey Deanery, Health Education England, UK.,2 Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Ann Hutchinson
- 3 Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Zain Sheikh
- 4 Head and Neck Specialities, York Hospital, York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK.,5 Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Paul Taylor
- 6 School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,7 St Luke's Hospice, Sheffield, UK
| | - Will Townend
- 8 Department of Emergency Medicine, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Miriam J Johnson
- 3 Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wright RJ, Lowton K, Robert G, Grudzen CR, Grocott P. Emergency department staff priorities for improving palliative care provision for older people: A qualitative study. Palliat Med 2018; 32:417-425. [PMID: 28429643 DOI: 10.1177/0269216317705789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency department-based palliative care services are increasing, but research to develop these services rarely includes input from emergency clinicians, jeopardizing the effectiveness of subsequent palliative care interventions. AIM To collaboratively identify with emergency clinicians' improvement priorities for emergency department-based palliative care for older people. DESIGN This was one component of an experience-based co-design project, conducted using semi-structured interviews and feedback sessions. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS In-depth interviews with 15 emergency clinicians (nurses and doctors) at a large teaching hospital emergency department in the United Kingdom exploring experiences of palliative care delivery for older people. A thematic analysis identified core challenges that were presented to 64 clinicians over five feedback sessions, validating interview findings, and identifying shared priorities for improving palliative care delivery. RESULTS Eight challenges emerged: patient age; access to information; communication with patients, family members, and clinicians; understanding of palliative care; role uncertainty; complex systems and processes; time constraints; and limited training and education. Through feedback sessions, clinicians selected four challenges as improvement priorities: time constraints; communication and information; systems and processes; and understanding of palliative care. As resulting improvement plans evolved, "training and education" replaced "time constraints" as a priority. CONCLUSION Clinician priorities for improving emergency department-based palliative care were identified through collaborative, iterative processes. Though generally aware of older palliative patients' needs, clinicians struggled to provide high-quality care due to a range of complex factors. Further research should identify whether priorities are shared across other emergency departments, and develop, implement, and evaluate strategies developed by clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wright
- 1 Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK.,2 Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Lowton
- 3 Department of Sociology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Glenn Robert
- 1 Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Corita R Grudzen
- 2 Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Grocott
- 1 Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wong J, Gott M, Frey R, McLay J, Jull A. Palliative care presentations to emergency departments in a secondary and a sub-acute hospital: A one year incidence study. PROGRESS IN PALLIATIVE CARE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09699260.2017.1365407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Wong
- Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Merryn Gott
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Rosemary Frey
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jessica McLay
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Jull
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Richardson PG, Greenslade J, Isoardi J, Davey M, Gillett M, Tucker A, Klim S, Kelly AM, Abdelmahmoud I. End-of-life issues: Withdrawal and withholding of life-sustaining healthcare in the emergency department: A comparison between emergency physicians and emergency registrars: A sub-study. Emerg Med Australas 2016; 28:684-690. [DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Richardson
- Emergency Department; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jaimi Greenslade
- Emergency Department; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jonathon Isoardi
- Emergency Department; Princess Alexandra Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Michael Davey
- Emergency Department; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Mark Gillett
- Emergency Department; Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Alicia Tucker
- Emergency Department; Royal Hobart Hospital; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sharon Klim
- Joseph Epstein Centre for Emergency Department Research; Western Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Anne-Maree Kelly
- Joseph Epstein Centre for Emergency Department Research; Western Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Ibrahim Abdelmahmoud
- Emergency Department; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheung KY, Chan KC. Experiences of healthcare professionals in providing palliative end-of-life care to patients in emergency departments: a systematic review protocol. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2016; 14:9-14. [PMID: 27846111 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-003165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the experiences of healthcare professionals in providing palliative care to patients at the end of life in emergency departments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yeung Cheung
- Accident and Emergency Department, United Christian Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Arendts G, Carpenter CR, Hullick C, Burkett E, Nagaraj G, Rogers IR. Approach to death in the older emergency department patient. Emerg Med Australas 2016; 28:730-734. [DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Arendts
- Emergency Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Carolyn Hullick
- Emergency Department; John Hunter Hospital; Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Ellen Burkett
- Princess Alexandra Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Guruprasad Nagaraj
- Hornsby and Royal North Shore Hospitals; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- School of Medicine; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Ian R Rogers
- The University of Notre Dame; Fremantle Western Australia Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Revels A, Sabo B, Snelgrove-Clarke E, Price S, Field S, Helwig M. Experiences of emergency department nurses in providing palliative care to adults with advanced cancer: a systematic review protocol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 14:75-86. [PMID: 27532465 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-002647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
REVIEW QUESTIONS/OBJECTIVES The objective of this review is to explore the experiences and perceptions of emergency department nurses in providing palliative care to adults with advanced cancer so as to contribute to the developing knowledge base on this phenomenon and, in turn, inform future practice and policy changes. Specifically, the review question for this qualitative review is as follows: what are the experiences and perceptions of emergency department nurses in providing palliative care to adults with advanced cancer?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Revels
- 1School of Nursing, Dalhousie University 2Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University 3Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre 4Department of Emergency Medicine, Capital District Health Authority 5WK Kellogg Health Sciences Library, Dalhousie University 6Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Basol N. The Integration of Palliative Care into the Emergency Department. Turk J Emerg Med 2016; 15:100-7. [PMID: 27336074 PMCID: PMC4910008 DOI: 10.5505/1304.7361.2015.65983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Palliative care (PC) is a new and developing area. It aims to provide the best possible quality of life for patients with life-limiting diseases. It does not primarily include life-extending therapies, but rather tries to help patients spend the rest of their lives in the best way. PC patients often are admitted to emergency departments during the course of a disease. The approach and management of PC include differences with emergency medicine. Thus, there are some problems while providing PC in the ED. With this article, the definition, main features, benefits, and problems of providing PC are presented, with the primary aim of emphasizing the importance of PC integration into the ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nursah Basol
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kongsuwan W, Matchim Y, Nilmanat K, Locsin RC, Tanioka T, Yasuhara Y. Lived experience of caring for dying patients in emergency room. Int Nurs Rev 2016; 63:132-8. [PMID: 26748741 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dying often occurs in hospitals and frequently in emergency rooms. Understanding caring for critical and dying patients is necessary for quality nursing. PURPOSE This study described the meaning of nurses' lived experience of caring for critical and dying patients in the emergency rooms. METHODS This study was conducted in three emergency rooms of tertiary hospitals in southern Thailand. Twelve nurses met the inclusion criteria: nurses working in emergency room for at least 2 years, and experienced caring for critical and dying patients in an emergency department. Data were collected using in-depth individual interviews. Data transcription and analysis used van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Trustworthiness was established following Lincoln and Guba's criteria. FINDINGS Experiences of caring for critical and dying patients revealed four thematic categories: defying death; no time for palliative care; lacking support for family; and privacy for peaceful deaths. These thematic categories reflected van Manen's four lived worlds of body, time, relations and space. CONCLUSIONS The study described the meaning of the experience of caring for critical and dying patients while supporting the development of nursing knowledge for palliative and end-of-life care in emergent settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY Findings of the study influence nursing policies toward enhancing education of nurses regarding palliative and end-of-life care in emergency settings. These findings can also influence the value of caring-healing environments for critical and dying patients and their families. Policies can focus on practice and education of families particularly about end-of-life care for critical and dying patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waraporn Kongsuwan
- Medical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | - Kittikorn Nilmanat
- Medical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Rozzano C Locsin
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanioka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuko Yasuhara
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Revels A, Goldberg L, Watson J. Caring Science: A Theoretical Framework for Palliative Care in the Emergency Department. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20467/1091-5710-20.4.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
35
|
Rogers IR, Lukin B. Applying palliative care principles and practice to emergency medicine. Emerg Med Australas 2015; 27:612-615. [DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Rogers
- Department of Emergency Medicine; St John of God Murdoch Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
- The University of Notre Dame Australia; Fremantle Western Australia Australia
| | - Bill Lukin
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Royal Brisbane Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia,
- University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rosenwax L, Spilsbury K, Arendts G, McNamara B, Semmens J. Community-based palliative care is associated with reduced emergency department use by people with dementia in their last year of life: A retrospective cohort study. Palliat Med 2015; 29:727-36. [PMID: 25783598 PMCID: PMC4536536 DOI: 10.1177/0269216315576309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe patterns in the use of hospital emergency departments in the last year of life by people who died with dementia and whether this was modified by use of community-based palliative care. DESIGN Retrospective population-based cohort study of people in their last year of life. Time-to-event analyses were performed using cumulative hazard functions and flexible parametric proportional hazards regression models. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS All people living in Western Australia who died with dementia in the 2-year period 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2010 (dementia cohort; N = 5261). A comparative cohort of decedents without dementia who died from other conditions amenable to palliative care (N = 2685). RESULTS More than 70% of both the dementia and comparative cohorts attended hospital emergency departments in the last year of life. Only 6% of the dementia cohort used community-based palliative care compared to 26% of the comparative cohort. Decedents with dementia who were not receiving community-based palliative care attended hospital emergency departments more frequently than people receiving community-based palliative care. The magnitude of the increased rate of emergency department visits varied over the last year of life from 1.4 (95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.9) times more often in the first 3 months of follow-up to 6.7 (95% confidence interval: 4.7-9.6) times more frequently in the weeks immediately preceding death. CONCLUSIONS Community-based palliative care of people who die with or of dementia is relatively infrequent but associated with significant reductions in hospital emergency department use in the last year of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Rosenwax
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Katrina Spilsbury
- Centre for Population Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Glenn Arendts
- Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bev McNamara
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - James Semmens
- Centre for Population Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Russ A, Mountain D, Rogers IR, Shearer F, Monterosso L, Ross-Adjie G, Rogers JR. Staff perceptions of palliative care in a public Australian, metropolitan emergency department. Emerg Med Australas 2015; 27:287-94. [PMID: 26075705 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim was to investigate staff experiences and attitudes towards palliative care provision in a public metropolitan ED. METHODS Using a previously validated survey tool, data were collected from ED clinical staff using Likert-type, open-ended and dichotomous items asking about perceptions of palliative care and education needs. Comparisons were made between nursing and medical staff. RESULTS Medical staff and nurses' perceptions of palliative care were similar, differing on only 10 of 37 (Likert) items. All staff reported confidence with symptom management, whereas medical staff felt more confident with decision-oriented communication and nurses were more supportive of nasogastric feeding. Staff were moderately accurate in determining the five most common causes of death. Four out of five conditions selected as appropriate for palliative care were cancer diagnoses. End-of-life communication and ethical issues were the two most frequently requested areas for further education. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that overall ED staff were confident regarding symptom management in palliative care. Cancer diagnoses were overrepresented in both the top five causes of death and conditions most appropriate for a palliative approach, suggesting that staff might underestimate the role of a palliative approach in non-cancer diagnoses. Areas suggested for further education include communication and ethical issues surrounding end-of-life care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Russ
- School of Primary, Aboriginal and Rural Health Care, Emergency Medicine (Academic Unit), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Mountain
- School of Primary, Aboriginal and Rural Health Care, Emergency Medicine (Academic Unit), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Emergency Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian R Rogers
- Emergency Department, St John of God Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Freya Shearer
- Emergency Department, St John of God Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leanne Monterosso
- Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Research, St John of God Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gail Ross-Adjie
- Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Research, St John of God Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeremy R Rogers
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The emergency department cares for seriously ill patients across the trajectory of illness from diagnosis to death or cure. Emergency departments participate in critical illness trajectories that include initiation of life-sustaining therapies as well as caring for patients and families in their final moments of life. Emergency clinicians are uniquely poised to identify critical palliative care interventions to be used when patients and families are most in need with respect to symptom management, decisions regarding intervention and procedures to sustain life and participate in critically important decisions regarding withdrawing and withholding nonbeneficial life-sustaining therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick S Lowery
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1462 Clifton Road, Suite 302, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tammie E Quest
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory Palliative Care Center, Emory School of Medicine, 1462 Clifton Road, Suite 302, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|