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Chemical composition, antibacterial efficacy, and antioxidant capacity of essential oil and oleoresin from Monodora myristica and Tetrapleura tetraptera in Southeast Nigeria. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19861. [PMID: 36400870 PMCID: PMC9674670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific to the West African sub-region, previous studies involving fruit, stem, and bark of Tetrapleura tetraptera as well as seeds of Monodora myristica have largely focused on phytochemical properties of aqueous and methanolic and ethanolic extracts. To supplement existing information, the chemical composition, antibacterial efficacy (tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), and antioxidant capacity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH∙) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity) of essential oil and oleoresin extracted from T. tetraptera fruit and M. myristica seeds cultivated in Southeast Nigeria, were studied. Essential oil and oleoresin were respectively extracted by steam distillation and aqueous maceration. By way of gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the chemical compounds from essential oil and oleoresin from M. myristica and T. Tetraptera samples totaled 6 and 5, as well as 27 and 16, respectively. Besides the oleoresin of M. myristica and the essential oil of T. tetraptera showing some resistance against S. aureus, the oleoresins seemed highly susceptible to E. coli-all of which demonstrated concentration-dependence to the antibacterial inhibition zone. Scavenging DPPH radical, reduction power activity, and total antioxidant capacity increased with essential oil and oleoresin extracts' concentrations, which positions M. myristica and T. tetraptera spices as very promising for food preservation, especially against autoxidation and microbial spoilage.
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Yu N, Dong M, Yang J, Li R. Age-dependent modulation of oleoresin production in the stem of Sindora glabra. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2050-2067. [PMID: 35532079 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce specialized metabolites in various organs which serve important functions in defense and development. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of oleoresin production in stems from broadleaved tree species are not fully understood. To determine whether endogenous developmental cues play a role in the regulation of oleoresin biosynthesis in tree stems, anatomy, multi-omics and molecular experiments were utilized to investigate the change of secretory structures, chemical profiles and gene expression in different ontogenetic stages of Sindora glabra tree, which accumulates copious amount of sesquiterpene-rich oleoresin in stems. The size of secretory canals and the concentration of five sesquiterpenes in Sindora stems exhibited obvious increase with plant age, from 0.5- to 20-year-old plants. Moreover, α-copaene and β-copaene were found to be stem-specific sesquiterpenes. Metabolomic analysis revealed that salicylic acid highly accumulated in mature stems, but the content of triterpenes was greatly decreased. The expression of three repressors AUX/IAA, DELLA and JAZ involved in hormone signaling transduction pathways was significantly downregulated in stems of 10- and 20-year-old plants. Two key genes SgTPS3 and SgTPS5 were identified, whose expression was highly correlated with the accumulation patterns of specific sesquiterpenes and their enzymatic products were consistent with the chemical profiles in the stem. The promoters of three SgTPSs exhibiting high activity were isolated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SgSPL15 directly interacts with SgTPS3 and SgTPS5 promoters and activates SgTPS5 expression but SgSPL15 inhibits SgTPS3 expression. In addition, SgSPL15 enhanced sesquiterpene levels by upregulating AtTPSs expression in Arabidopsis. These results suggested that sesquiterpene biosynthesis in S. glabra stem was dependent on the regulation of endogenous hormones as well as plant age, and SgSPL15 might act as a buffering factor to regulate sesquiterpene biosynthesis by targeting SgTPS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 682, Guangshan Yi Road, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Mingliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 682, Guangshan Yi Road, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Jinchang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 682, Guangshan Yi Road, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Rongsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 682, Guangshan Yi Road, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China
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Dias RP, Nam SL, Schmidt SA, de la Mata AP, Harynuk J. Multivariate Optimization Procedure for Dynamic Headspace Extractions Coupled to GC(×GC). LCGC EUROPE 2022. [DOI: 10.56530/lcgc.eu.gi5670v6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous chemicals of great interest in the study of aromas and flavours of foods. Many recent studies present optimized headspace (HS) and dynamic headspace (DHS) methods for specific sample types; however, the literature does not present (to the best of our knowledge) a generalized procedure for the thorough optimization of a DHS extraction. This article presents an approach using design of experiments (DoE) for the optimization of DHS extraction parameters. The approach is demonstrated for two different food sample types with diverse populations of VOCs: active sourdough colony as an example with a high moisture content, and sourdough bread as an example with a lower moisture content. Optimized methods are assessed for VOC extraction reproducibility and exhaustiveness; guidelines for DHS optimization are presented.
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Teixeira SL, Santos JR, Almeida P, Rodrigues J. Fan assisted extraction and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS identification of volatile carbonyl compounds as chemical descriptors of healthy and defective roasted coffee beans. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Virgiliou C, Zisi C, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Nakas A, Iakovakis A, Varsamis V, Gika HG, Assimopoulou AN. Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the analysis of lavender's essential oil: Optimization by response surface methodology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122852. [PMID: 34274641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A static headspace gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) method was developed and optimized with the aim to be applied in the analysis of lavender essential oil. To obtain a comprehensive profile of the essential oil, the optimum HS-GC/MS method parameters were selected based on a Design of Experiments (DοE) process. Plackett-Burman experimental design was applied by utilizing seven parameters of the HS injection system. Incubation equilibration temperature and time, agitator's vortex speed, post injection dwell time, inlet temperature, split ratio and injection flow rate were screened to select the optimum conditions on the basis of the number and the intensity of the identified compounds. Other parameters, such as sample volume and dilution solvent ratio, were also examined to achieve a comprehensive profile in a chromatographic run of 55 min. With the obtained optimum method, more than 40 volatile compounds were identified in lavender's essential oils from different geographical regions in Greece. The method can be utilized for the quality assessment of lavender's essential oil and provide information on its characteristic aroma and discrimination among species based on the acquired GC-MS profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Virgiliou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomi Zisi
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N Kontogiannopoulos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Nakas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Achilleas Iakovakis
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Helen G Gika
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Novaes FJM, Marriott PJ. Cryogenic trapping as a versatile approach for sample handling, enrichment and multidimensional analysis in gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1644:462135. [PMID: 33839448 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cryogenic methods - those that employ cryogenic fluids/gases but also other approaches to generate reduced temperature - are versatile, functional and relatively easily implemented as part of a total gas chromatographic method. The general utility of a cold region is almost invariably as a trapping or focussing step, to collect analyte into a sharp zone. The success in effectively trapping analyte depends on analyte volatility and the temperature of the cold region. Analytes collection into a sorbent phase supported by cryotrapping usually provide a greater capacity trapping for the sorption step. Stripping analyte from a sample into a cryogenic trap, with subsequent introduction to GC as in a purge-and-trap method, sample introduction into an injector with incorporation of a cooling zone, manipulation and management of chromatographic bands during chromatography elution such as employed in multidimensional gas chromatography, and focussing analyte just prior to the detector, all have the same goal of concentrating the band, reducing its dispersion, and maximising response. This review summarises various approaches that demonstrate how cryogenic methods have been incorporated into gas chromatographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Junior Moreira Novaes
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Química, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A, 6° Andar, Sala 626, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Philip John Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Santos JR, Rodrigues JA. Characterization of volatile carbonyl compounds in defective green coffee beans using a fan assisted extraction process. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Comparison and Identification of the Aroma-Active Compounds in the Root of Angelica dahurica. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234352. [PMID: 31795226 PMCID: PMC6930666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), purge and trap (P&T), stir bar sportive extraction (SBSE), and dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) were applied to extract, separate and analyze the volatile compounds in the roots of Hangbaizhi, Qibaizhi, and Bobaizhi and the GC-O-MS/MS (AEDA) was utilized for the quantification of key aroma compounds. Totals of 52, 54, and 43 aroma-active compounds extracted from the three samples by the four extraction methods were identified. Among these methods, the SPME effectively extracted the aroma compounds from the A. dahurica. Thus, using the SPME methods for quantitative analysis based on external standards and subsequent dilution analyses, totals of 20, 21, and 17 aroma compounds were detected in the three samples by the sniffing test, and sensory evaluations indicated that the aromas of A. dahurica included herb, spice, and woody. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the three kinds A. dahurica formed three separate groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that caryophyllene, (-)-β-elemene, nonanal, and β-pinene played an important role in the classification of A. dahurica.
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Egbuta MA, McIntosh S, Waters DLE, Vancov T, Liu L. Chemical volatiles present in cotton gin trash: A by-product of cotton processing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222146. [PMID: 31532804 PMCID: PMC6750886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton gin trash (CGT), a waste product of cotton gins, make up about 10% of each bale of cotton bolls ginned. The current study investigates high value volatile compounds in CGT to add value to this by-product. The volatile compounds in CGT and different parts of the cotton plant were extracted using various methods, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and then quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection (GC-FID) against available standards. Terpenoids including monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids were found to be the most abundant, making up 64.66% (area under peak) of total volatiles extracted by hydro-distillation. The major extractable terpenoids in CGT were α-pinene (13.69-23.05 μg/g), β-caryophyllene (3.99-74.32 μg/g), α-humulene (2.00-25.71 μg/g), caryophyllene oxide (41.50-102.08 μg/g) and β-bisabolol (40.05-137.32 μg/g). Recoveries varied between different extraction methods. The terpenoids were found to be more abundant in the calyx (659.12 μg/g) and leaves (627.72 μg/g) than in stalks (112.97 μg/g) and stems (24.24 μg/g) of the cotton plant, indicating the possible biological origin of CGT volatiles. This study is the first to identify and quantify the different terpenoids present in CGT and significantly, β-bisabolol, an abundant compound (sesquiterpene alcohol) which may have valuable biological prospects. These findings therefore contribute to identifying alternative management strategies and uses of CGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A. Egbuta
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shane McIntosh
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel L. E. Waters
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC ITTC for Functional Grains, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony Vancov
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
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Poulios E, Giaginis C, Vasios GK. Current Advances on the Extraction and Identification of Bioactive Components of Sage (Salvia spp.). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:845-857. [PMID: 31333123 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190722130440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Common sage (Salvia spp., with the most common species Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant, with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The polyphenolic compounds are mainly responsible for its diverse biological activity. Many different methods for extraction and identification of sage bioactive compounds, using various solvents, have been developed in recent years. The total phenolic content is usually measured and identified by various technical methodologies with different sensitivity and specificity. In this aspect, the present review is aimed to critically summarize and discuss various technical approaches for the extraction and identification of sage bioactive components in order to point out the more appropriate approaches of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios Poulios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, Myrina, Lemnos, GR 81400, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, Myrina, Lemnos, GR 81400, Greece
| | - Georgios K Vasios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, Myrina, Lemnos, GR 81400, Greece
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Jurado-Campos N, Carpio A, Zougagh M, Arce L, Arroyo-Manzanares N. Innovative coupling of supercritical fluid extraction with ion mobility spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 188:637-643. [PMID: 30029424 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a pioneer on-line hyphenation between a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) detector through a Tenax TA sorbent trap as retention interface. By means of a simple design, taking advantage of both techniques, this new coupling allows us to extract and preconcentrate analytes and in a second step to determine them. As result, an increase in the accuracy of the analytical process was achieved by elimination of sample transfer from one device to another. In addition, this new coupling reduces the time needed for the optimization of a new SFE method, since the detector can monitor on-line the efficiency of the extraction. The parameters affecting the coupling and its success have been studied in detail via the extraction of benzene and toluene from soil samples. Finally, the suitability of IMS as on-line detector to monitor compounds of industrial interest extracted by SFE was evaluated taking as a model, the extraction and detection of 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) in rosemary aromatic plants, which could be extrapolated on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Jurado-Campos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Azahara Carpio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mohammed Zougagh
- Regional Institute for Applied Chemistry Research, IRICA, Av. Camilo José Cela 10, E-13004 Ciudad Real, Spain; Castilla-La Mancha Science and Technology Park, E-02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Lourdes Arce
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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