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Tang Y, Zhou A, Zhou S, Ruan J, Qian C, Wu C, Ye L. Preparation of VC nanoliposomes by high pressure homogenization: Process optimization and evaluation of efficacy, transdermal absorption, and stability. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29516. [PMID: 38707316 PMCID: PMC11066132 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC) possesses antioxidant and whitening effects. However, its effectiveness is hindered by challenges such as instability, impaired solubility, and limited bioavailability hinder. In this study, VC was encapsulated in nanoliposomes by primary emulsification and high-pressure homogenization. The VC nanoliposomes were comprehensively characterized for their microscopic morphology, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency (EE). Orthogonal experiments were designed to optimize the optimal preparation process, and the antioxidant activity, whitening efficacy, transdermal absorption, and stability of VC nanoliposomes were evaluated based on this optimized process. The findings demonstrated the high reproducibility of the optimal process, with particle size, PDI, and EE values of 113.502 ± 4.360 nm, 0.104 ± 0.010, and 56.09 ± 1.01 %, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed effective encapsulation of VC nanoliposomes with better thermal stability than aqueous VC solution. Besides, the VC nanoliposomes demonstrated excellent antioxidant and whitening effects in efficacy experiments, stronger skin permeability in transdermal experiments and fluorescence tracking. Furthermore, storage stability tests indicated that the VC in nanoliposomes remained relatively stable after 60 days of storage. These findings highlighted the potential use of VC nanoliposomes in a wide range of applications for the cosmetic market, especially in the development of ingredients for skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Tang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, PR China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, #99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, PR China
| | - Ankun Zhou
- Hangzhou Yayan Cosmetics Co. Ltd., #9 Shunle Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311123, PR China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, PR China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, #99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, PR China
| | - Jiancheng Ruan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, PR China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, #99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, PR China
| | - Chao Qian
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, PR China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, #99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, PR China
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, PR China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, #99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, PR China
| | - Linlin Ye
- Hangzhou Yayan Cosmetics Co. Ltd., #9 Shunle Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311123, PR China
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Sun L, Wang H, Du J, Wang T, Yu D. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of grape seed procyanidins, preparation of liposomes, and evaluation of their antioxidant capacity. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106856. [PMID: 38554530 PMCID: PMC10995857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The residue remaining after oil extraction from grape seed contain abundant procyanidins. An ultrasonic-assisted enzyme method was performed to achieve a high extraction efficiency of procyanidins when the optimal extraction conditions were 8 U/g of cellulase, ultrasound power of 200 W, ultrasonic temperature of 50 ℃, and ultrasonic reaction time of 40 min. The effects of free procyanidins on both radical scavenging activity and thermal stability at 40, 60, and 80 ℃ of the procyanidins-loaded liposomal systems prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted method were discussed. The presence of procyanidins at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.10 mg/mL was observed to be effective at inhibiting lipid oxidation by 15.15 % to 69.70 % in a linoleic acid model system during reaction for 168 h, as measured using the ferric thiocyanate method. The procyanidins-loaded liposomal systems prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted method were characterized by measuring the mean particle size and encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, the holographic plots showed that the effect-response points of procyanidins combined with α-tocopherol in liposomes were lower than the addition line and 95 % confidence interval limits. At the same time, there were significant differences between the theoretical IC50add value and the experimental IC50mix value. The interaction index (γ) of all combinations was observed to be less than 1. These results indicated that there was a synergistic antioxidant effect between procyanidins combined with α-tocopherol, which will show promising prospects in practical applications. In addition, particle size differentiation and morphology agglomeration were observed at different time points of antioxidant activity determination (0, 48, 96 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Sun
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; School of Grain Science and Technology, Jilin Business And Technology College, Changchun 130507, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jilin Business And Technology College, Changchun 130507, China
| | - Jing Du
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Wang Q, Ma C, Wang N, Mao H. Effects of quercetin on the DNA methylation pattern in tumor therapy: an updated review. Food Funct 2024; 15:3897-3907. [PMID: 38535893 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Quercetin is a unique bioactive flavonoid, and is an excellent antioxidant and has anti-tumor effects by regulating different tumor-related processes like proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and spread. The latest investigations reveal that quercetin may have the capability to influence DNA methylation modification, one of the primary factors in the development of tumors. Despite the fact that quercetin has significant therapeutic properties, its use as an anti-tumor medicine is constrained by its poor solubility, short half-life, and ineffective tumor targeting. Here, we review the structure and properties of quercetin, its capacity for DNA methylation modification in tumors, and the possibility of nanoscale delivery of quercetin for future tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China.
- BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China.
| | - Huixian Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China.
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Li YJ, Chi H, Liu GQ. Preparation and characterization of Antarctic krill oil/quercetin co-loaded liposomes and their protective effect on oleic acid-induced steatosis and oxidative stress in vitro. Food Funct 2024; 15:2103-2114. [PMID: 38305429 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04291j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to introduce a new liposome to co-load Antarctic krill oil (AKO) and quercetin (QC) as a new delivery formulation to enrich the application of AKO and QC. The stability of liposomes could be increased by adding an appropriate quantity of soy lecithin (SL). Changes in the composition of the phospholipid membrane were strongly correlated with the stability and release capacity of loaded nutrients. SL2@QC/AKO-lips displayed a nearly spherical shape with higher oxidative stability and controlled the in vitro release performance of QC in simulated digestion. Moreover, in vitro studies indicated that new liposomes had no adverse effects on cell viability and could combine the physiological functions of AKO and QC to protect the HepG2 cells from oleic acid-induced steatosis and oxidative stress. The findings demonstrated that the AKO and QC co-loaded liposomes prepared with the addition of an appropriate quantity of SL had excellent loading efficiency of AKO/QC and good oxidative stability, security and functional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hai Chi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Guo-Qin Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Deng TT, Ding WY, Lu XX, Zhang QH, Du JX, Wang LJ, Yang MN, Yin Y, Liu FJ. Pharmacological and mechanistic aspects of quercetin in osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1338951. [PMID: 38333006 PMCID: PMC10851760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1338951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease associated with increasing age. Currently, the most common medications used to treat OP are anabolic agents, anti-resorptive agents, and medications with other mechanisms of action. However, many of these medications have unfavorable adverse effects or are not intended for long-term use, potentially exerting a severe negative impact on a patient's life and career and placing a heavy burden on families and society. There is an urgent need to find new drugs that can replace these and have fewer adverse effects. Quercetin (Que) is a common flavonol in nature. Numerous studies have examined the therapeutic applications of Que. However, a comprehensive review of the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que has not yet been conducted. This review aimed to describe the recent studies on the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que, including its biological, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. The outcomes demonstrated that Que could enhance OP by increasing osteoblast differentiation and activity and reducing osteoclast differentiation and activity via the pathways of Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/SMAD/RUNX2, OPG/RANKL/RANK, ERK/JNK, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and transcription factors. Thus, Que is a promising novel drug for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Xue Lu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Hao Zhang
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Xin Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mei-Na Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fan-Jie Liu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Gligorijević N, Jovanović Z, Cvijetić I, Šunderić M, Veličković L, Katrlík J, Holazová A, Nikolić M, Minić S. Investigation of the Potential of Selected Food-Derived Antioxidants to Bind and Stabilise the Bioactive Blue Protein C-Phycocyanin from Cyanobacteria Spirulina. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:229. [PMID: 38203400 PMCID: PMC10779248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blue C-phycocyanin (C-PC), the major Spirulina protein with innumerable health-promoting benefits, is an attractive colourant and food supplement. A crucial obstacle to its more extensive use is its relatively low stability. This study aimed to screen various food-derived ligands for their ability to bind and stabilise C-PC, utilising spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. Among twelve examined ligands, the protein fluorescence quenching revealed that only quercetin, coenzyme Q10 and resveratrol had a moderate affinity to C-PC (Ka of 2.2 to 3.7 × 105 M-1). Docking revealed these three ligands bind more strongly to the C-PC hexamer than the trimer, with the binding sites located at the interface of two (αβ)3 trimers. UV/VIS absorption spectroscopy demonstrated the changes in the C-PC absorption spectra in a complex with quercetin and resveratrol compared to the spectra of free protein and ligands. Selected ligands did not affect the secondary structure content, but they induced changes in the tertiary protein structure in the CD study. A fluorescence-based thermal stability assay demonstrated quercetin and coenzyme Q10 increased the C-PC melting point by nearly 5 °C. Our study identified food-derived ligands that interact with C-PC and improve its thermal stability, indicating their potential as stabilising agents for C-PC in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Gligorijević
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Zorana Jovanović
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (Z.J.); (L.V.)
| | - Ilija Cvijetić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Miloš Šunderić
- University of Belgrade-Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Luka Veličković
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (Z.J.); (L.V.)
| | - Jaroslav Katrlík
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 5807/9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Alena Holazová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 5807/9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Milan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (Z.J.); (L.V.)
| | - Simeon Minić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (Z.J.); (L.V.)
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Tuncay Tanriverdi S, Gokce EH, Filiz SB, Kose FA, Ozer O, Ozer O. Protection of hair color with pomegranate peel extract-loaded liposomal formulation: Preparation, characterization, and ex-vivo activity studies. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6292-6301. [PMID: 35869815 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pomegranate peel extract is known as a powerful antioxidant and due to preventing oxidation, it can reduce color change of dyed hair after washing. Liposomes are vesicular systems that include lipids and can form a film on hair fibers. Delivery system and active agent have a synergistic effect on protecting hair color and reducing dyeing frequency. AIMS This study aimed to prepare liposomes suspension as an innovative formulation of pomegranate peel extract to reduce hair color changing. METHODS Pomegranate peel extract-loaded liposomes were prepared with lipidic film hydration method. The characterizations of formulations (F1 and F2) were defined by several parameters. The pH, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, microscopical image, loading capacity (LC), and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of formulations were determined. The antioxidant capacity of formulations and actives were tested. The effect of formulations on hair color change was shown with ex-vivo studies. RESULTS The results showed that cholesterol influenced particle size, zeta potential, and antioxidant capacity. The particle sizes of formulations were 217.71 ± 6.74 nm and 577.5 ± 1.41 nm for F1 and F2, respectively. F2 formulation had better results for zeta potential (33.8 mV) while F1 was neutral. Morphologic images confirmed vesicular structure or liposomes. The EE was found higher for F2 than F1 (F1: 57.14 and F2: 78.69). Antioxidant studies confirmed that active substance and the vesicular system had a synergistic effect on protection from oxidation. Selected formulation reduced hair color change as shown in ex-vivo tests. CONCLUSION Pomegranate peel extract-loaded liposomes were designed for hair color protection. It was shown with this study that prepared formulations have a good color protection on hair fibers due to antioxidant properties of pomegranate peel extract and film forming effect of liposomal formulations. According to results, prepared liposomal formulations may serve as a good alternative for reducing dyeing frequency and protecting hair fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evren Homan Gokce
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Simtac Bengi Filiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fadime Aydin Kose
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgen Ozer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgen Ozer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Ege University Izmir Turkey
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Encapsulation of EGCG by Zein-Gum Arabic Complex Nanoparticles and In Vitro Simulated Digestion of Complex Nanoparticles. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142131. [PMID: 35885374 PMCID: PMC9317346 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has many excellent qualities such as its antitumor, antiradiation and anti-oxidation properties, but its application is limited because its oral bioavailability is low and stability is poor. In this paper, zein and gum arabic (GA) were used as wall materials to prepare Zein-GA complex nanoparticles for encapsulating and protecting the EGCG. The particle size of Zein-GA-EGCG complex nanoparticles ranged from 128.03–221.23 nm, and the EGCG encapsulation efficiency reached a maximum of 75.23% when the mass ratio of zein to GA was 1:1. The FTIR and XRD results illustrated that the components of the Zein-GA-EGCG complex nanoparticles interacted by electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. The EGCG release rate of Zein-GA-EGCG nanoparticles (16.42%) was lower than that of Zein-EGCG (25.52%) during gastric digestion, and a large amount of EGCG was released during intestinal digestion, suggesting that the Zein-GA-EGCG nanoparticles could achieve the sustained release of EGCG during in vitro digestion. Hence, using Zein-GA complexes to encapsulate EGCG effectively increased the encapsulation efficiency of EGCG and realized the purpose of sustained release during simulated gastrointestinal digestion.
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Huang M, Wang J, Tan C, Ying R, Wu X, Chen W, Liu J, Ahmad M. Liposomal co‐delivery strategy to improve stability and antioxidant activity of trans‐resveratrol and naringenin. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meigui Huang
- International Faculty of Applied Technology Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Chen Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing 100048 China
| | - Ruifeng Ying
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Information Systems and Analytics Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - Jianhua Liu
- International Faculty of Applied Technology Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 China
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
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Mehmood S, Maqsood M, Mahtab N, Khan MI, Sahar A, Zaib S, Gul S. Epigallocatechin gallate: Phytochemistry, bioavailability, utilization challenges, and strategies. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14189. [PMID: 35474461 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea catechin, has gained the attention of current study due to its excellent health-promoting effects. It possesses anti-obesity, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activities, and is under extensive investigation in functional foods for improvement. It is susceptible to lower stability, lesser bioavailability, and lower absorption rate due to various environmental, processing, formulations, and gastrointestinal conditions of the human body. Therefore, it is the foremost concern for the researchers to enhance its bioactivity and make it the most suitable therapeutic compound for its clinical applications. In the current review, factors affecting the bioavailability of EGCG and the possible strategies to overcome these issues are reviewed and discussed. This review summarizes structural modifications and delivery through nanoparticle-based approaches including nano-emulsions, encapsulations, and silica-based nanoparticles for effective use of EGCG in functional foods. Moreover, recent advances to enhance EGCG therapeutic efficacy by specifically targeting its molecules to increase its bioavailability and stability are also described. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The main green tea constituent EGCG possesses several health-promoting effects making EGCG a potential therapeutic compound to cure ailments. However, its low stability and bioavailability render its uses in many disorders. Synthesizing EGCG prodrugs by structural modifications helps against its low bioavailability and stability by overcoming premature degradation and lower absorption rate. This review paper summarizes various strategies that benefit EGCG under different physiological conditions. The esterification, nanoparticle approaches, silica-based EGCG-NPs, and EGCG formulations serve as ideal EGCG modification strategies to deliver superior concentrations with lesser toxicity for its efficient penetration and absorption across cells both in vitro and in vivo. As a result of EGCG modifications, its bioactivities would be highly improved at lower doses. The protected or modified EGCG molecule would have enhanced potential effects and stability that would contribute to the clinical applications and expand its use in various food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shomaila Mehmood
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Maria Maqsood
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Mahtab
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sania Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shehla Gul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Natural Polyphenols May Normalize Hypochlorous Acid-Evoked Hemostatic Abnormalities in Human Blood. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040779. [PMID: 35453464 PMCID: PMC9028422 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During pathogen invasion, activated neutrophils secrete myeloperoxidase (MPO), which generates high local concentrations of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a strong antimicrobial agent. Prolonged or uncontrolled HOCl production may, however, affect hemostasis, manifesting in inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombus formation and in elevated fibrin density and attenuated fibrinolysis. In this report, we investigated whether three plant-derived polyphenols with well-known antioxidant properties, i.e., quercetin (Que), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol (Resv), at concentrations not affecting platelet responses per se, may normalize particular aspects of hemostasis disturbed by HOCl. Specifically, Que (5–25 μM) and EGCG (10–25 μM) abolished HOCl-evoked inhibition of platelet aggregation (assessed by an optical method), while the simultaneous incubation of platelet-rich plasma with Resv (10–25 μM) enhanced the inhibitory effect of HOCl. A similar effect was observed in the case of thrombus formation under flow conditions, evaluated in whole blood by confocal microscope. When plasma samples were incubated with HOCl, a notably higher density of fibrin (recorded by confocal microscope) was detected, an effect that was efficiently normalized by Que (5–25 μM), EGCG (10–25 μM), and Resv (5–25 μM) and which corresponded with the normalization of the HOCl-evoked prolongation of fibrinolysis, measured in plasma by a turbidimetric method. In conclusion, this report indicates that supplementation with Que and EGCG may be helpful in the normalization of hemostatic abnormalities during inflammatory states associated with elevated HOCl production, while the presence of Resv enhances the inhibitory action of HOCl towards platelets.
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Health Benefits of Quercetin in Age-Related Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082498. [PMID: 35458696 PMCID: PMC9032170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are the known group of phytochemicals that essentially consists of phenolic rings. These are the plant product present in varied fruits and vegetables. These secondary metabolites perform a protective function in plants from environmental and biological stress. When consumed as a human diet these are also known to prevent various age-associated diseases. Polyphenols are known to possess antioxidant properties and protect against oxidative stress. The literature survey was carried out using databases such as PubMed, Science direct and Springer. The research articles from last 10–12 years were selected for this review based on its relevancy with the topic. The articles selected was mainly focused on quercetin and its health benefits. The present review highlights the main functions of a flavonoid, quercetin. Quercetin is among the widely occurring polyphenol, found abundantly in nature. It is commonly present in different plant products. Onion is known to have the highest quantity of quercetin. This plant compound is possessed antioxidant properties and is considered to have a protective function against aging. It is known to be present in both free and conjugated forms. Quercetin has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-viral properties. The molecule is lipophilic and can easily cross the BBB (Blood-Brain Barrier) and hence protects from neurodegenerative diseases. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the role of quercetin and here a detailed review of quercetin as a curative agent in neurodegeneration, diabetes, cancer, and inflammation has been carried out. Studies have proved that quercetin plays a crucial role in the prevention of age-related disorders. Quercetin is a potent antioxidant which is currently being used in various pharmaceuticals. Properties of quercetin can be further explored in various other disorders. Nanoformulations and liposomal formulations of quercetin can be made to treat other age associated diseases.
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Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wu Z, Weng P. Tea polyphenols-loaded nanocarriers: preparation technology and biological function. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:387-398. [PMID: 35229222 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols (TP) have various biological functions including anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and bioengineered repair properties. However, TP exhibit poor stability and bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract. Nanoencapsulation techniques can be used to protect TP and to uphold their original characteristics during processing, storage and digestion, improve their physiochemical properties and enhance their health promoting effects. Nano-embedded TP show higher antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer properties than TP, allowing TP to play a better role in bioengineering restoration after embedding. In this review, recent advances in nanoencapsulation of TP with biopolymeric nanocarriers (polysaccharides and proteins), lipid-based nanocarriers and innovative developments in preparation strategies were mainly discussed. Additionally, the strengthening biological functions of stability and bioavailability, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer activities and bioengineering repair properties activities after the nano-embedding of TP have been considered. Finally, further studies could be conducted for exploring the application of nanoencapsulated systems in food for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanni Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifang Weng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
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Sengupta P, Bose A, Sen K. Liposomal Encapsulation of Phenolic Compounds for Augmentation of Bio‐Efficacy: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priti Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta 92, APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
- Department of Chemistry Presidency University 86/1 College Street Kolkata 700073 India
| | - Adity Bose
- Department of Chemistry Presidency University 86/1 College Street Kolkata 700073 India
| | - Kamalika Sen
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta 92, APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
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Enaru B, Socaci S, Farcas A, Socaciu C, Danciu C, Stanila A, Diaconeasa Z. Novel Delivery Systems of Polyphenols and Their Potential Health Benefits. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:946. [PMID: 34681170 PMCID: PMC8538464 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposome-based delivery systems have been studied and used more frequently in recent years due to their advantages, such as low toxicity, specificity, and the ability to protect the encapsulated substance from environmental factors, which could otherwise degrade the active compound and reduce its effectiveness. Given these benefits, many researchers have encapsulated polyphenols in liposomes, thus increasing their bioavailability and stability. Similarly, polyphenols encapsulated in liposomes are known to produce more substantial effects on targeted cells than unencapsulated polyphenols, while having minimal cytotoxicity in healthy cells. Although polyphenols play a role in preventing many types of disease and generally have beneficial effects on health, we solely focused on their chemopreventive effects on cancer through liposomes in this review. Our goal was to summarize the applicability and efficacy of liposomes encapsulated with different classes of polyphenols on several types of cancer, thus opening the opportunity for future studies based on these drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Enaru
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Anca Farcas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Andreea Stanila
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.E.); (S.S.); (A.F.); (C.S.)
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Hou L, Sun X, Pan L, Gu K. Effects of Phytosterol Butyrate Ester on the Characteristics of Soybean Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1295-1306. [PMID: 34373401 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional and structural properties of phytosterols (PS)/phytosterol esters (PEs) facilitate their use as substitutes for cholesterol in liposome encapsulation systems designed for oral drugs and health products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of phytosterol butyrate ester (PBE) on the properties of liposomes. PBE was encapsulated within liposomes (approximately 60 nm) prepared using soybean phosphatidylcholine using the thin-film hydration method. There was no significant change in the average particle diameter and zeta potential of these liposomal vesicles corresponding to the increasing amounts of encapsulated PBE. The incorporation of PBE increased the polydispersity index (PDI) independent of concentration. Additionally, we observed that the storage stability of PBE liposomes with uniform particle size and approximately spherical shape vesicle was better at low concentration. The results of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed that PBE was positioned at the water interface, which increased the order of hydrophobic alkyl chains in the lipid membranes. The incorporation of PBE led to an increase in the trans conformation of hydrophobic alkyl chain and consequently, the thermal stability of liposomes, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that PBE was present in an amorphous form in the liposomes. Additionally, the incorporation of PBE reduced the micropolarity of the lipid membrane. Thus, when preparing liposomes using thin-film hydration, the presence of PBE affected the characteristics of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Hou
- Lipid Research Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology
| | - Xiangyang Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
| | - Li Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology
| | - Keren Gu
- Lipid Research Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology
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Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154621. [PMID: 34361774 PMCID: PMC8347607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols play a therapeutic role in vascular diseases, acting in inherent illness-associate conditions such as inflammation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and oxidative stress, as demonstrated by clinical trials and epidemiological surveys. The main polyphenol cardioprotective mechanisms rely on increased nitric oxide, decreased asymmetric dimethylarginine levels, upregulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes via the Nrf2-ARE pathway and anti-inflammatory action through the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB and PPAR-γ receptor. However, poor polyphenol bioavailability and extensive metabolization restrict their applicability. Polyphenols carried by nanoparticles circumvent these limitations providing controlled release and better solubility, chemical protection, and target achievement. Nano-encapsulate polyphenols loaded in food grade polymers and lipids appear to be safe, gaining resistance in the enteric route for intestinal absorption, in which the mucoadhesiveness ensures their increased uptake, achieving high systemic levels in non-metabolized forms. Nano-capsules confer a gradual release to these compounds, as well as longer half-lives and cell and whole organism permanence, reinforcing their effectiveness, as demonstrated in pre-clinical trials, enabling their application as an adjuvant therapy against cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenol entrapment in nanoparticles should be encouraged in nutraceutical manufacturing for the fortification of foods and beverages. This study discusses pre-clinical trials evaluating how nano-encapsulate polyphenols following oral administration can aid in cardiovascular performance.
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Gonçalves RFS, Martins JT, Abrunhosa L, Vicente AA, Pinheiro AC. Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030815. [PMID: 33806777 PMCID: PMC8004751 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed at evaluating the effects of different emulsifiers on curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions’ behavior during digestion, its safety and absorption, to develop nanoemulsions that provide safety and improved curcumin functionality. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using two bio-based (lecithin (LEC) and rhamnolipids (RHAM)) and one synthetic (Tween®80 (TWE)) emulsifier at similar concentrations. Different NEs were subjected to in vitro digestion. The cytotoxicity and permeability tests were performed in Caco-2 cells. NE_TWE were stable during all phases of in vitro digestion, whereas NE_LEC and NE_RHAM were found to be unstable from the gastric phase. NE_TWE showed 100% of free fatty acids released, followed by NE_RHAM and NE_LEC. Curcumin’s bioaccessibility and stability increased in the following order: NE_LEC > NE_RHAM > NE_TWE. NE_LEC and NE_TWE did not show cytotoxic effects in any of the concentrations tested, while NE_RHAM presented high cytotoxicity in all concentrations tested. The apparent permeability coefficients were determined for NE_LEC and NE_TWE; however, the results were not statistically different. These results showed that the emulsifier used has a high impact on nanoemulsions’ behavior under the digestion process and on their cytotoxicity. This work contributed to the state-of-the-art’s progress on the development of safer curcumin delivery systems with improved functionality, particularly regarding the proper selection of ingredients to produce said systems.
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Galanakis CM. Functionality of Food Components and Emerging Technologies. Foods 2021; 10:128. [PMID: 33435589 PMCID: PMC7826514 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article introduces nutrition and functional food ingredients, explaining the widely cited terms of bioactivity, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability. The factors affecting these critical properties of food components are analyzed together with their interaction and preservation during processing. Ultimately, the effect of emerging (non-thermal) technologies on different food components (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols, glucosinolates, polyphenols, aroma compounds, and enzymes) is discussed in spite of preserving their functional properties. Non-thermal technologies can maintain the bioavailability of food components, improve their functional and technological properties, and increase the recovery yields from agricultural products. However, the optimization of operational parameters is vital to avoid degradation of macromolecules and the oxidation of labile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charis M. Galanakis
- Research & Innovation Department, Galanakis Laboratories, P.C. 73131 Chania, Greece;
- Food Waste Recovery Group, ISEKI Food Association, P.C. 1190 Vienna, Austria
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20
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Goktas Z, Zu Y, Abbasi M, Galyean S, Wu D, Fan Z, Wang S. Recent Advances in Nanoencapsulation of Phytochemicals to Combat Obesity and Its Comorbidities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8119-8131. [PMID: 32633507 PMCID: PMC8507418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An increasing epidemic of obesity has become a serious public health concern primarily because it contributes to pathogenesis of many chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hepatobiliary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, kidney disease, some types of cancer, among others. Consumption of a variety of phytochemicals has emerged as a promising potential for combating obesity and its comorbidities. However, the generally low aqueous solubility, stability, bioavailability, and target specificity of phytochemicals, along with their side-effects and toxicity seen when used at high doses, have restricted their clinical applications. As a solution, phytochemicals can be encapsulated into nanoparticles to increase their stability and solubility, enhance their bioavailability, protect them from premature degradation in the body, prolong their circulation time, and thus enhance their antiobesity activity. In this perspective, we summarize the problems and limitations of the prominent phytochemicals (epigallocatechin gallate, trans-resveratrol, curcumin, and quercetin), the major biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles, and the efficacy of nanoencapsulated forms of these phytochemicals in combating obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Goktas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yujiao Zu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Mehrnaz Abbasi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shannon Galyean
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Dayong Wu
- Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Nano Tech Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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He HF, Wei K, Yin J, Ye Y. Insight into Tea Flavonoids: Composition and Chemistry. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1721530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Feng He
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, HangZhou, China
| | - Kang Wei
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, HangZhou, China
| | - Junfeng Yin
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, HangZhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, HangZhou, China
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Utilizing Liposomal Quercetin and Gallic Acid in Localized Treatment of Vaginal Candida Infections. Pharmaceutics 2019; 12:pharmaceutics12010009. [PMID: 31861805 PMCID: PMC7023398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a widely spread fungal infection that causes itching, pain and inflammation at the vaginal site. Although common, currently available treatment suffers from limited efficacy and high recurrence. In addition, the growing problem of resistance to azole drugs used in current treatments emphasizes the need for superior treatment options. Antimicrobial polyphenols are an attractive approach offering multitargeting therapy. We aimed to develop novel liposomes for simultaneous delivery of two polyphenols (quercetin, Q, and gallic acid, GA) that, when released within the vaginal cavity, act in synergy to eradicate infection while alleviating the symptoms of VVC. Q was selected for its anti-itching and anti-inflammatory properties, while GA for its reported activity against Candida. Novel liposomes containing only Q (LP-Q), only GA (LP-GA) or both polyphenols (LP-Q+GA) were in the size range around 200 nm. Q was efficiently entrapped in both LP-Q and in LP-Q+GA (85%) while the entrapment of GA was higher in LP-Q+GA (30%) than in LP-GA (25%). Liposomes, especially LP-Q+GA, promoted sustained release of both polyphenols. Q and GA acted in synergy, increasing the antioxidant activities of a single polyphenol. Polyphenol-liposomes were not cytotoxic and displayed stronger anti-inflammatory effects than free polyphenols. Finally, LP-GA and LP-Q+GA considerably reduced C. albicans growth.
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Olatunde OO, Benjakul S, Vongkamjan K, Amnuaikit T. Liposomal Encapsulated Ethanolic Coconut Husk Extract: Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3664-3673. [PMID: 31724746 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Characteristics of liposomal encapsulated ethanolic coconut husk extract (LE-ECHE) prepared using two levels of lipid phase (LP) containing soybean phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol mixture of 4:1 mol ratio (60 and 80 µmol/mL) and two ECHE concentrations (1% and 2%) were investigated. Poly-dispersity index, zeta-potential, and particle size of LE-ECHE samples were 0.22% to 0.28%, -70.4 to -53.63 mV, and 232 to 697.65 nm, respectively. Encapsulation efficiency of all samples was 75.25% to 90.11%. LE-ECHE prepared with LP content of 60 µmol/mL and 1% ECHE (LP60-EC1) was milky, whereas UN-EC1 (un-encapsulated ECHE) was brownish in color. ECHE retained its antioxidant activity even after entrapment in liposome, although higher activity was recorded for UN-EC1. Encapsulation of ECHE in liposome enhanced antibacterial properties of ECHE. Hence, LP60-EC1 showed promising potential as a delivery based system for lowering dark color, a drawback associated with ECHE as well as improving the antibacterial properties of ECHE. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ethanolic coconut husk extract (ECHE) contains polyphenols with diverse biological activities such as antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. However, there are limited applications of ECHE in food industries, mainly because of its distinctive dark brown color. A homogeneous and stable liposomal system was demonstrated to be an efficient delivery based system for ECHE. Remarkably, antimicrobial property of ECHE was enhanced with liposomal encapsulation, whereas antioxidant activities of ECHE were retained. Also, liposomal encapsulation was shown as the potential technique to mask the undesirable dark brown, a drawback associated with ECHE for wider application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde
- Dept. of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla Univ., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Dept. of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla Univ., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Kitiya Vongkamjan
- Dept. of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla Univ., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Amnuaikit
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla Univ., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Olatunde OO, Benjakul S, Vongkamjan K, Amnuaikit T. Influence of stabilising agents on the properties of liposomal encapsulated ethanolic coconut husk extract. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
| | - Kitiya Vongkamjan
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Amnuaikit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
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Das A, Konyak PM, Das A, Dey SK, Saha C. Physicochemical characterization of dual action liposomal formulations: anticancer and antimicrobial. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02372. [PMID: 31497672 PMCID: PMC6722287 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer till date remains one of the world's most life threatening disease accompanied by risk of secondary infections. Therefore formulations carrying anticancer drugs which can also decrease the risk of secondary infection are inevitable. Chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin along with flavonoids quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is simultaneously loaded on liposomal formulation exploiting the amphiphilic property of the liposomes. RESULTS Atomic force microscope imaging reveal the size of liposomal formulation loaded with doxorubicin, quercetin and EGCG to be greater than void liposome confirming the presence of drugs. Liposomal stability is improved by PEGylation; adding to the drug release time in vitro. The charge of phosphatidylcholine is rendered positive by coating the formulation with histone. The average size of the formulation is 342 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin, quercetin and EGCG is found to be 65.8%, 96.8% and 98% respectively. The above formulation demonstrated both anticancer and antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSION The formulation will provide dual anticancer and antimicrobial therapy thereby evading secondary infection in cancer patients along with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chabita Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, NH-12, Simhat, Haringhata, Nadia- 741249 and BF-142, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 064, India
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