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Pereira AR, Assis NVD, Paranhos AGDO, Lima DRS, Baeta BEL, Aquino SFD, Silva SDQ. Effect of inoculum composition on the microbial community involved in the anaerobic digestion of sugarcane bagasse. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:2205-2217. [PMID: 36632771 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2166877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In anaerobic digestion (AD), the choice of inoculum type seems to be relevant for methane production for complex substrates, such as lignocellulosic material. Previous work demonstrated that the addition of fresh manure and ruminal fluid to anaerobic sludge improved methane productivity and kinetics of AD of crude sugarcane bagasse (CSB). Considering that the improvement of methane production could be a result of a more adapted microbial community, the present study performed the Next Generation Sequencing analysis to identify changes in the microbiome of anaerobic sludge inoculum, resulting from fresh manure and ruminal fluid addition. In comparison with AD performed only with anaerobic sludge inoculum (50:50, U), accumulated methane production was 15% higher with anaerobic sludge plus ruminal fluid inoculum (50:50, UR) and even higher (68%) with anaerobic sludge with fresh bovine manure inoculum (50:50, UFM), reaching the value of 143 NmLCH4.gVS-1. Clostridium species were highly abundant in all inocula, playing an important role during the hydrolysis and fermentation of CSB, and detoxifying potential inhibitors. Microbial composition also revealed the occurrence of Pseudomonas and Anaerobaculum at UFM inoculum that seem to have contributed to the higher methane production rate, mainly due to their hydrolytic and fermentative ability on lignocellulosic substrates. On the other hand, the presence of Alcaligenes might have had a negative effect on methane production due to their ability to perform methane oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rezende Pereira
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Nathália Vercelli de Assis
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Roberto Sousa Lima
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno Eduardo Lobo Baeta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana de Queiroz Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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2
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Phothong N, Aht-Ong D, Napathorn SC. Fabrication, characterization and release behavior of α-tocopherol acetate-loaded pH-responsive polyhydroxybutyrate/cellulose acetate phthalate microbeads. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129535. [PMID: 38244747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Microbeads are used in personal care and cosmetic products (PCCPs) but are produced from nondegradable materials. Biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) has been recognized as a promising alternative material for use in PCCPs; however, utilizing PHB to encapsulate PCCPs is challenging because PCCPs need to be protected from the environment but their release needs to be permitted under specific physiological conditions. The aim of this work was to develop and evaluate pH-responsive cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) to formulate lipophilic α-tocopherol acetate (α-TA)-loaded pH-responsive PHB/CAP microbeads. The influences of the PHB/CAP ratio and initial α-TA loading on the microbead size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency (%EE), loading capacity (%LC), and α-TA release profile were studied. The microbeads exhibited a spherical shape with a size of 328.7 ± 2.9 μm. The EE and LC were 86.7 ± 2.6 % and 13.5 ± 0.4 %, respectively. The release profile exhibited pH-responsive characteristics. These α-TA-loaded pH-responsive microbeads were stable with >50 % of the α-TA remaining after 90 days at 4, 25 and 45 °C in the dark. The results from the cytotoxicity assay with PSVK1 cells demonstrated that the microbeads were nontoxic. Hence, our developed formulation has the potential to be used to encapsulate oil-based drugs to formulate lipophilic substance-loaded pH-responsive microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthaphat Phothong
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Duangdao Aht-Ong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advance Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Suchada Chanprateep Napathorn
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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3
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Urtuvia V, Ponce B, Andler R, Díaz-Barrera A. Relation of 3HV fraction and thermomechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) produced by Azotobacter vinelandii OP. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127681. [PMID: 37890746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) has attracted substantial attention as a promising material for industrial applications. In this study, different PHBV films with distinct 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) contents produced by Azotobacter vinelandii OP were evaluated. The 3HV fraction ranged from 18.6 to 36.7 mol%, and the number-average molecular weight (Mn) was between 238 and 434 kDa. In the bioreactor, a 3HV fraction (36.7 mol%) and an Mn value of 409 kDa were obtained with an oxygen transfer rate (OTR) of 12.5 mmol L-1 h-1. Thermal analysis measurements showed decreased melting (Tm) and glass transition (Tg) temperatures, and values with relatively high 3HV fractions indicated improved thermomechanical properties. The incorporation of the 3HV fraction in the PHBV chain improved the thermal stability of the films, reduced the polymer Tm, and affected the tensile strength. PHBV film with 36.7 mol% 3HV showed an increase in its tensile strength (51.8 MPa) and a decrease in its Tm (170.61 °C) compared with PHB. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that the PHBV film with 32.8 mol% 3HV showed a degradation upon contact with soil, water, or soil bacteria, showing more porous surfaces after degradation. The latter phenomenon indicated that thermomechanical properties played an important role in biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Urtuvia
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Belén Ponce
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Andler
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Alvaro Díaz-Barrera
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
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Akhdar H, Alshehri M. Geant4 Simulation of Photon- and Neutron-Shielding Capabilities of Biopolymer Blends of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(hydroxybutyrate). Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4257. [PMID: 37959937 PMCID: PMC10648397 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simulation is used by scientists to imitate a real-life experimental setup in order to save time, costs and effort. Geant4, a toolkit based on the Monte Carlo method, has been widely used in investigating the radiation-shielding properties of different materials. In many recent studies, researchers have focused on polymers and their shielding capabilities. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a widely used biopolymer in many applications due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, it has limitations related to its degree of crystallinity and molecular characteristics, which could be improved through blending with other biodegradable polymers such as poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Previous published studies have shown that the mechanical properties of such blends can be improved further. In this work, the effect of blending PHB with PLA on the photon- and neutron-shielding capabilities will be investigated using Geant4 over a wide energy range, as well as the effect of doping those blends with metal oxides. The results show that the shielding properties of the polymers are affected by blending with other polymers and by doping the polymer blends with different metal oxides, and they confirm that Geant4 is a very reliable tool that can simulate any material's shielding properties against photons and neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Akhdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
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5
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Urtuvia V, Ponce B, Andler R, Peña C, Diaz-Barrera A. Extended batch cultures for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) production by Azotobacter vinelandii OP growing at different aeration rates. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:304. [PMID: 36276477 PMCID: PMC9525563 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a polymer produced by Azotobacter vinelandii OP. In the bioreactor, PHBV production and its molar composition are affected by aeration rate. PHBV production by A. vinelandii OP was evaluated using extended batch cultures at different aeration rates, which determined different oxygen transfer rates (OTR) in the cultures. Under the conditions evaluated, PHBV with different 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) fractions were obtained. In the cultures with a low OTR (6.7 mmol L-1 h-1, at 0.3 vvm), a PHBV content of 38% w w-1 with 9.1 mol % 3HV was achieved. The maximum PHBV production (72% w w-1) was obtained at a high OTR (18.2 mmol L-1 h-1, at 1.0 vvm), both at 48 h. Thus, PHBV production increased in the bioreactor with an increased aeration rate, but not the 3HV fraction in the polymer chain. An OTR of 24.9 mmol L-1 h-1 (at 2.1 vvm) was the most suitable for improving the PHBV content (61% w w-1) and a high 3HV fraction of 20.8 mol % (at 48 h); and volumetric productivity (0.15 g L-1 h-1). The findings indicate that the extended batch culture at 2.1 vvm is the most adequate mode of cultivation to produce higher biomass and PHBV with a high 3HV fraction. Overall, the results have shown that the PHBV production and 3HV fraction could be affected by the aeration rate and the proposed approach could be applied to implement cultivation strategies to optimize PHBV production for different biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Urtuvia
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Belén Ponce
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Andler
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio),Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Carlos Peña
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alvaro Diaz-Barrera
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
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6
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biopolymer Synthesis by Marine Bacteria of the Malaysian Coral Triangle Region and Mining for PHA Synthase Genes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102057. [PMID: 36296332 PMCID: PMC9607975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a biodegradable and plastic-like biopolymer, has been receiving research and industrial attention due to severe plastic pollution, resource depletion, and global waste issues. This has spurred the isolation and characterisation of novel PHA-producing strains through cultivation and non-cultivation approaches, with a particular interest in genes encoding PHA synthesis pathways. Since sea sponges and sediment are marine benthic habitats known to be rich in microbial diversity, sponge tissues (Xestospongia muta and Aaptos aaptos) and sediment samples were collected in this study from Redang and Bidong islands located in the Malaysian Coral Triangle region. PHA synthase (phaC) genes were identified from sediment-associated bacterial strains using a cultivation approach and from sponge-associated bacterial metagenomes using a non-cultivation approach. In addition, phylogenetic diversity profiling was performed for the sponge-associated bacterial community using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) amplicon sequencing to screen for the potential presence of PHA-producer taxa. A total of three phaC genes from the bacterial metagenome of Aaptos and three phaC genes from sediment isolates (Sphingobacterium mizutaii UMTKB-6, Alcaligenes faecalis UMTKB-7, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus UMTKB-8) were identified. Produced PHA polymers were shown to be composed of 5C to nC monomers, with previously unreported PHA-producing ability of the S. mizutaii strain, as well as a 3-hydroxyvalerate-synthesising ability without precursor addition by the A. calcoaceticus strain.
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García-Cerna S, Sánchez-Pacheco U, Meneses-Acosta A, Rojas-García J, Campillo-Illanes B, Segura-González D, Peña-Malacara C. Evaluation of Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) Scaffolds Used for Epidermal Cells Growth as Potential Biomatrix. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194021. [PMID: 36235969 PMCID: PMC9572615 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in tissue engineering have made possible the construction of organs and tissues with the use of biomaterials and cells. Three important elements are considered: a specific cell culture, an adequate environment, and a scaffold. The present study aimed to develop P3HB scaffolds by 3D printing and evaluate their biocompatibility with HaCaT epidermal cells, as a potential model that allows the formation of functional tissue. By using a method of extraction and purification with ethanol and acetone, a biopolymer having suitable properties for use as a tissue support was obtained. This polymer exhibited a higher molecular weight (1500 kDa) and lower contact angle (less than 90°) compared to the material obtained using the conventional method. The biocompatibility analysis reveals that the scaffold obtained using the ethanol–acetone method and produced by 3D printing without pores was not cytotoxic, did not self-degrade, and allowed high homogenous cell proliferation of HaCaT cells. In summary, it is possible to conclude that the P3HB scaffold obtained by 3D printing and a simplified extraction method is a suitable support for the homogeneous development of HaCaT keratinocyte cell lineage, which would allow the evaluation of this material to be used as a biomatrix for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra García-Cerna
- Laboratorio 7 de la Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad No. 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Uriel Sánchez-Pacheco
- Laboratorio 7 de la Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad No. 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Angélica Meneses-Acosta
- Laboratorio 7 de la Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad No. 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - José Rojas-García
- CIATEQ A. C. Plasticos y Materiales Avanzados. Av. Del Retablo 150, Queretaro C.P. 76150, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Campillo-Illanes
- Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad S/N, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Daniel Segura-González
- Departamento de Ingenieria Celular y Biocatalisis, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apdo. Post. 510-3, Cuernavaca C.P. 62250, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Carlos Peña-Malacara
- Departamento de Ingenieria Celular y Biocatalisis, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apdo. Post. 510-3, Cuernavaca C.P. 62250, Morelos, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(777)-329-1617
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8
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Liao YC, Saengsawang B, Chen JW, Zhuo XZ, Li SY. Construction of an Antibiotic-Free Vector and its Application in the Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia Coli for Polyhydroxybutyrate Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:837944. [PMID: 35721860 PMCID: PMC9204107 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.837944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An antibiotic- and inducer-free culture condition was proposed for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production in recombinant Escherichia coli. First, antibiotic-free vectors were constructed by installing the plasmid maintenance system, alp7, hok/sok, and the hok/sok and alp7 combination into the pUC19 vector. The plasmid stability test showed that pVEC02, the pUC19 vector containing the hok/sok system, was the most effective in achieving antibiotic-free cultivation in the E. coli B strain but not in the K strain. Second, the putative phaCAB operon derived from Caldimonas manganoxidans was inserted into pVEC02 to yield pPHB01 for PHB production in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The putative phaCAB operon was first shown function properly for PHB production and thus, inducer-free conditions were achieved. However, the maintenance of pPHB01 in E. coli requires antibiotics supplementation. Finally, an efficient E. coli ρ factor-independent terminator, thrLABC (ECK120033737), was inserted between the phaCAB operon and the hok/sok system to avoid possible transcriptional carry-over. The newly constructed plasmid pPHB01-1 facilitates an antibiotic- and inducer-free culture condition and induces the production of PHB with a concentration of 3.0 on0.2 g/L, yield of 0.26 /L0.07 g/g-glucose, and content of 44 /g3%. The PHB production using E. coli BL21 (DE3)/pPHB01-1 has been shown to last 84 and 96 h in the liquid and solid cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cheng Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Boonyawee Saengsawang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Zhen Zhuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Si-Yu Li,
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9
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A genome-scale metabolic model of Cupriavidus necator H16 integrated with TraDIS and transcriptomic data reveals metabolic insights for biotechnological applications. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010106. [PMID: 35604933 PMCID: PMC9166356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting biological processes to recycle renewable carbon into high value platform chemicals provides a sustainable and greener alternative to current reliance on petrochemicals. In this regard Cupriavidus necator H16 represents a particularly promising microbial chassis due to its ability to grow on a wide range of low-cost feedstocks, including the waste gas carbon dioxide, whilst also naturally producing large quantities of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) during nutrient-limited conditions. Understanding the complex metabolic behaviour of this bacterium is a prerequisite for the design of successful engineering strategies for optimising product yields. We present a genome-scale metabolic model (GSM) of C. necator H16 (denoted iCN1361), which is directly constructed from the BioCyc database to improve the readability and reusability of the model. After the initial automated construction, we have performed extensive curation and both theoretical and experimental validation. By carrying out a genome-wide essentiality screening using a Transposon-directed Insertion site Sequencing (TraDIS) approach, we showed that the model could predict gene knockout phenotypes with a high level of accuracy. Importantly, we indicate how experimental and computational predictions can be used to improve model structure and, thus, model accuracy as well as to evaluate potential false positives identified in the experiments. Finally, by integrating transcriptomics data with iCN1361 we create a condition-specific model, which, importantly, better reflects PHB production in C. necator H16. Observed changes in the omics data and in-silico-estimated alterations in fluxes were then used to predict the regulatory control of key cellular processes. The results presented demonstrate that iCN1361 is a valuable tool for unravelling the system-level metabolic behaviour of C. necator H16 and can provide useful insights for designing metabolic engineering strategies. Genome-scale metabolic models (GSMs) provide a tool for unravelling the complex metabolic behaviour of bacteria and how they adapt to changing environments and genetic perturbations, and thus offer invaluable insights for biotechnology applications. For a GSM to be used efficiently for strain development purposes, however, the model must be easily readable and reusable by other researchers, whilst being able to predict metabolic behaviour with a high level of accuracy. In this work, we developed a GSM for Cupriavidus necator H16 that is linked to the BioCyc database, which provides an efficient way of application, model update, integration of experimental data and network visualisation for other researchers. Using our model, we demonstrate how integrating experimental observations, including Transposon-directed Insertion site Sequencing (TraDIS) and omics data, can be used to compensate for the lack of regulatory, kinetic and thermodynamic information in GSMs, and thus improve model accuracy. Importantly, we found that TraDIS in vivo screening and GSM analysis are complementary approaches, which can be used in combination to provide reliable gene essentiality predictions. Overall, our results offer an informed strategy for the deliberate manipulation of C. necator H16 metabolic capabilities, towards its industrial application to convert greenhouse gases into biochemicals and biofuels.
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10
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Conners EM, Rengasamy K, Bose A. "Electroactive biofilms: how microbial electron transfer enables bioelectrochemical applications". J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 49:6563884. [PMID: 35381088 PMCID: PMC9338886 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are ubiquitous. In marine and freshwater ecosystems, microbe–mineral interactions sustain biogeochemical cycles, while biofilms found on plants and animals can range from pathogens to commensals. Moreover, biofouling and biocorrosion represent significant challenges to industry. Bioprocessing is an opportunity to take advantage of biofilms and harness their utility as a chassis for biocommodity production. Electrochemical bioreactors have numerous potential applications, including wastewater treatment and commodity production. The literature examining these applications has demonstrated that the cell–surface interface is vital to facilitating these processes. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the state of knowledge regarding biofilms’ role in bioprocessing. This mini-review discusses bacterial biofilm formation, cell–surface redox interactions, and the role of microbial electron transfer in bioprocesses. It also highlights some current goals and challenges with respect to microbe-mediated bioprocessing and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Conners
- Department of Biology. One Brookings Drive, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, 63105, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Rengasamy
- Department of Biology. One Brookings Drive, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, 63105, USA
| | - Arpita Bose
- Department of Biology. One Brookings Drive, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, 63105, USA
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11
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Duvigneau S, Dürr R, Wulkow M, Kienle A. Multiscale modeling of the microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using two carbon sources. Comput Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Mogro EG, Cafiero JH, Lozano MJ, Draghi WO. The phylogeny of the genus Azohydromonas supports its transfer to the family Comamonadaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [PMID: 35138242 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Azohydromonas encompasses five validly described species belonging to the betaproteobacterial class. Recognized for their potential biotechnological uses, they were first described as belonging to the genus Alcaligenes. The phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene of the original strains as well as newly described species led to a description of these strains within a new bacterial genus, Azohydromonas. However, the phylogenetic position of this genus remains described as part of the family Alcaligenaceae, even those some authors have placed it within the order Burkholderiales. To unravel the precise position of the genus Azohydromonas, a wide phylogenomic analysis was performed. The results of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, as well as those obtained by the multilocus analysis of homologous proteins and overall genome relatedness indices, support the reclassification of Azohydromonas in the Rubrivivax-Ideonella lineage of the family Comamonadaceae, so the transfer of this genus is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Gerardo Mogro
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Hilario Cafiero
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Javier Lozano
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Walter Omar Draghi
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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13
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Kim D, Lee SK. Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates with Hydroxyvaleric Acid Derived from Levulinic Acid. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:110-116. [PMID: 34675141 PMCID: PMC9628823 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2108.08016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are emerging as alternatives to plastics by replacing fossil fuels with renewable raw substrates. Herein, we present the construction of engineered Escherichia coli strains to produce short-chain-length PHAs (scl-PHAs), including the monomers 4-hydroxyvalerate (4HV) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) produced from levulinic acid (LA). First, an E. coli strain expressing genes (lvaEDABC) from the LA metabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was constructed to generate 4HV-CoA and 3HV-CoA. Second, both PhaAB enzymes from Cupriavidus necator H16 were expressed to supply 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB)-CoA from acetyl-CoA. Finally, PHA synthase (PhaCCv) from Chromobacterium violaceum was introduced for the subsequent polymerization of these three monomers. The resulting E. coli strains produced four PHAs (w/w% of dry cell weight): 9.1 wt% P(4HV), 1.7 wt% P(3HV-co-4HV), 24.2 wt% P(3HB-co-4HV), and 35.6 wt% P(3HB-co-3HV-co-4HV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-52-217-2514 Fax: +82-52-217-3009 E-mail:
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14
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Rajesh Banu J, Ginni G, Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Kumar V, Adish Kumar S, Gunasekaran M, Tyagi VK, Kumar G. Polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis using acidogenic fermentative effluents. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:2079-2092. [PMID: 34774601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are natural polyesters synthesized by microbes which consume excess amount of carbon and less amount of nutrients. It is biodegradable in nature, and it synthesized from renewable resources. It is considered as a future polymer, which act as an attractive replacement to petrochemical based polymers. The main hindrance to the commercial application of PHA is the high manufacturing cost. This article provides an overview of different cost-effective substrates, their characteristics and composition, major strains involved in economical production of PHA and biosynthetic pathways leading to accumulation of PHA. This review also covers the operational parameters, various fermentative modes including batch, fed-batch, repeated fed-batch and continuous fed-batch systems, along with advanced feeding strategies such as single pulse carbon feeding, feed forward control, intermittent carbon feeding, feast famine conditions to observe their effects for improving PHA synthesis and associated challenges. In addition, it also presents the economic analysis and future perspectives for the commercialization of PHA production process thereby making the process sustainable and lucrative with the possibility of commercial biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India
| | - G Ginni
- Department of Civil Engineering, Amrita College of Engineering and Technology, Amritagiri, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, 629901, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627007, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627007, India; Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620015, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - S Adish Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627007, India
| | - M Gunasekaran
- Department of Physics, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627007, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
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15
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Biotechnological Conversion of Grape Pomace to Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Moderately Thermophilic Bacterium Tepidimonas taiwanensis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8100141. [PMID: 34677214 PMCID: PMC8533406 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are microbial polyesters that have recently come to the forefront of interest due to their biodegradability and production from renewable sources. A potential increase in competitiveness of PHA production process comes with a combination of the use of thermophilic bacteria with the mutual use of waste substrates. In this work, the thermophilic bacterium Tepidimonas taiwanensis LMG 22826 was identified as a promising PHA producer. The ability to produce PHA in T. taiwanensis was studied both on genotype and phenotype levels. The gene encoding the Class I PHA synthase, a crucial enzyme in PHA synthesis, was detected both by genome database search and by PCR. The microbial culture of T. taiwanensis was capable of efficient utilization of glucose and fructose. When cultivated on glucose as the only carbon source at 50 °C, the PHA titers reached up to 3.55 g/L, and PHA content in cell dry mass was 65%. The preference of fructose and glucose opens the possibility to employ T. taiwanensis for PHA production on various food wastes rich in these abundant sugars. In this work, PHA production on grape pomace extracts was successfully tested.
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16
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Lu H, Sato H, Kazarian SG. Visualization of Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Poly(L-lactic acid) (PHB/PLLA) Blends During Isothermal Melt Crystallization Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopic Imaging. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 75:980-987. [PMID: 33825490 PMCID: PMC8320561 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inter- and intramolecular interactions in multicomponent polymer systems influence their physical and chemical properties significantly and thus have implications on their synthesis and processing. In the present study, chemical images were obtained by plotting the peak position of a spectral band from the data sets generated using in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging. This approach was successfully used to visualize changes in intra- and intermolecular interactions in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PHB/PLLA) blends during the isothermal melt crystallization. The peak position of ν(C=O) band, which reflects the nature of the intermolecular interaction, shows that the intermolecular interactions between PHB and PLLA in the miscible state (1733 cm-1) changes to the inter- and intramolecular interaction (CH3⋯O=C, 1720 cm-1) within PHB crystal during the isothermal melt crystallization. Compared with spectroscopic images obtained by plotting the distribution of absorbance of spectral bands, which reveals the spatial distribution of blend components, the approach of plotting the peak position of a spectral band reflects the spatial distribution of different intra- and intermolecular interactions. With the process of isothermal melt-crystallization, the disappearance of the intermolecular interaction between PHB and PLLA and the appearance of the inter- and intramolecular interactions within the PHB crystal were both visualized through the images based on the observation of the band position. This work shows the potential of using in-situ ATR FT-IR spectroscopic imaging to visualize different types of inter- or intramolecular interactions between polymer molecules or between polymer and other additives in various types of multicomponent polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sergei G. Kazarian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
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17
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Vaithanomsat P, Kongsin K, Trakunjae C, Boonyarit J, Jarerat A, Sudesh K, Chollakup R. Biosynthesized Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) on Coated Pineapple Leaf Fiber Papers for Biodegradable Packaging Application. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111733. [PMID: 34073164 PMCID: PMC8198808 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper is aimed at investigating the usage of biosynthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3-HB)) for a coating on pineapple leaf fiber paper (PLFP). For this purpose, (P(3-HB)) was produced by Rhodococcus pyridinivorans BSRT1-1, a highly potential P(3-HB) producing bacterium, with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 6.07 × 10 −5 g/mol. This biosynthesized P(3-HB) at 7.5% (w/v) was then coated on PLFP through the dip-coating technique with chloroform used as a solvent. The respective coated PLFP showed that P(3-HB) could be well coated all over on the PLFP surface as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The brightness and mechanical properties of PLFP could be improved by coating with biosynthesized P(3-HB) in comparison to commercially available P(3-HB) and non-coated PLFP. Furthermore, coating of P(3-HB) significantly increased the water drop penetration time on the surface of PLFP and was similar to that of the commercial P(3-HB) with the same content. The results showed that all the coated PLPF samples can be degraded under the soil burial test conditions. We have demonstrated that the P(3-HB) coated PLFP paper has the ability to prevent water drop penetration and could undergo biodegradation. Taken together, the P(3-HB) coated PLFP can be applied as a promising biodegradable paper packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilanee Vaithanomsat
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.T.); (J.B.)
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kunat Kongsin
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.T.); (J.B.)
- Biotechnology of Biopolymers and Bioactive Compounds Special Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chanaporn Trakunjae
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.T.); (J.B.)
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Jirachaya Boonyarit
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.T.); (J.B.)
| | - Amnat Jarerat
- Food Technology Program, Kanchanaburi Campus, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi 71150, Thailand;
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Rungsima Chollakup
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.V.); (K.K.); (C.T.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-942-8600
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18
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Investigation of the Physiology of the Obligate Alkaliphilic Bacillus marmarensis GMBE 72 T Considering Its Alkaline Adaptation Mechanism for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Synthesis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020462. [PMID: 33672214 PMCID: PMC7926669 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel extreme obligate alkaliphilic Bacillus marmarensis DSM 21297 is known to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). However, the detailed mechanism of PHB synthesis in B. marmarensis is still unknown. Here, we investigated which metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes are responsible for PHB synthesis in order to understand the regulatory pathway and optimize PHB synthesis in B. marmarensis. In accordance with the fact that beta-galactosidase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and Enoyl-CoA hydratase together with acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and lipase were annotated in B. marmarensis according to the RAST server, we used glucose, lactose, and olive oil to understand the preferred metabolic pathway for the PHB synthesis. It was found that B. marmarensis produces PHB from glucose, lactose, and olive oil. However, the highest PHB titer and the highest amount of PHB synthesized per dry cell mass (YP/X) were achieved in the presence of lactose, as compared to glucose and olive oil. Additionally, in the absence of peptone, the amount of PHB synthesized is reduced for each carbon source. Interestingly, none of the carbon sources studied yielded an efficient PHB synthesis, and supplementation of the medium with potassium ions did not enhance PHB synthesis. According to these experimental results and the presence of annotated metabolic enzymes based on the RAST server, PHB accumulation in the cells of B. marmarensis could be improved by the level of the expression of 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (1.1.1.157), which increases the production of NADPH. Additionally, the accumulation of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA could enhance the production of PHB in B. marmarensis in the presence of fatty acids. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the regulatory system involved in the control of PHB metabolism of B. marmarensis.
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19
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Kumar V, Darnal S, Kumar S, Kumar S, Singh D. Bioprocess for co-production of polyhydroxybutyrate and violacein using Himalayan bacterium Iodobacter sp. PCH194. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124235. [PMID: 33254459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The co-production of industrially relevant biopolymers/biomolecules from microbes is of biotechnological importance. Herein, a unique bacterium, Iodobacter sp. PCH 194 from the kettle lake at Sach Pass in western Indian Himalaya was identified. It co-produces biopolymer polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and biomolecule (violacein pigment). Statistical optimization yielded dual products in the medium augmented with glucose (4.0% w/v) and tryptone (0.5% w/v) as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The purified PHA was polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and pigment constitutes of violacein (50-60%) and deoxyviolacein (40-50%). A bench-scale bioprocess in 22.0 L fermentor with 20% dissolved O2 supply produced PHB (11.0 ± 1.0 g/L, 58% of dry cell mass) and violacein pigment (1.5 ± 0.08 g/L). PHB obtained was used for the preparation of bioplastic film. Violacein pigment experimentally validated for anticancerous and antimicrobial activities. In summary, a commercially implied bioprocess developed for the co-production of PHB and violacein pigment using the Himalayan bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Sanyukta Darnal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Subhash Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.
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20
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McAdam B, Brennan Fournet M, McDonald P, Mojicevic M. Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Factors Impacting Its Chemical and Mechanical Characteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122908. [PMID: 33291620 PMCID: PMC7761907 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic pollution is fueling the grave environmental threats currently facing humans, the animal kingdom, and the planet. The pursuit of renewable resourced biodegradable materials commenced in the 1970s with the need for carbon neutral fully sustainable products driving important progress in recent years. The development of bioplastic materials is highlighted as imperative to the solutions to our global environment challenges and to the restoration of the wellbeing of our planet. Bio-based plastics are becoming increasingly sustainable and are expected to substitute fossil-based plastics. Bioplastics currently include both, nondegradable and biodegradable compositions, depending on factors including the origins of production and post-use management and conditions. Among the most promising materials being developed and evaluated is polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a microbial bioprocessed polyester belonging to the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family. This biocompatible and non-toxic polymer is biosynthesized and accumulated by a number of specialized bacterial strains. The favorable mechanical properties and amenability to biodegradation when exposed to certain active biological environments, earmark PHB as a high potential replacement for petrochemical based polymers such as ubiquitous high density polyethylene (HDPE). To date, high production costs, minimal yields, production technology complexities, and difficulties relating to downstream processing are limiting factors for its progression and expansion in the marketplace. This review examines the chemical, mechanical, thermal, and crystalline characteristics of PHB, as well as various fermentation processing factors which influence the properties of PHB materials.
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21
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Krishnan S, Chinnadurai GS, Ravishankar K, Raghavachari D, Perumal P. Statistical augmentation of polyhydroxybutyrate production by Isoptericola variabilis: Characterization, moulding, in vitro cytocompatibility and biodegradability evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:80-97. [PMID: 33096176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), which has been widely considered as a potential substitute for the synthetic polymers. Among 53 actinomycete isolates, 11 of them were found to be PHB positive and the quantity of PHB from the positive isolates varied from 10.5 to 29.82 wt% on a dry cell weight basis. A strain designated as PPLAT 012, accumulated relatively higher PHB and has been identified as Isoptericola variabilis by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. An effort has also been made to optimize the PHB production by the hyper-producing strain using the conventional, one-factor-at-a-time, and statistical response surface methodologies and the maximum PHB production (46.18%) in DSMZ medium, amended with 12% glucose and 9% potassium nitrate with a pH of 7.0. Further, the characteristic properties such as processability, cytocompatibility and biodegradability of the extracted PHB was also demonstrated. The physical properties of the recovered PHB was further improved by blending with PLA and the resultant blends were characterized. The present investigation has demonstrated that the isolate, Isoptericola variabilis, could be utilized as a potential source for the production of PHB with desirable characteristics, suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Krishnan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Gandhi Shree Chinnadurai
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Kartik Ravishankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Palani Perumal
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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22
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Lu H, Kazarian SG, Sato H. Simultaneous Visualization of Phase Separation and Crystallization in PHB/PLLA Blends with In Situ ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Sergei G. Kazarian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Tsurukabuto 3-11, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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23
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Kettner A, Griehl C. The use of LipidGreen2 for visualization and quantification of intracellular Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in Cupriavidus necator. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100819. [PMID: 33024843 PMCID: PMC7528054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted to develop a rapid protocol for the quantification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) during bacterial fermentation as an alternative to time-consuming gravimetric or analytical methods. Fluorescence spectroscopy is one of the most promising approaches. In this study, it could be demonstrated that the novel fluorescent probe LipidGreen2 is able to stain selectively poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in Cupriavidus necator. Optimal excitation and emission wavelengths were evaluated using 3D-Excitation-Emission-Matrix, displaying the best intensities between 440-460 nm and 490-520 nm for excitation and emission, respectively. The lipophilic fluorophore LipidGreen2 showed a high long-term stability even when incubated under ambient lighting. Due to a strong linear relationship between side scatter and biomass concentration, the influence of the inner filter effects could be incorporated, and adjusting the sample to a specific OD is thus superfluous. The developed method allows a very accurate quantification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in just 15 min, following a comprehensible and simple protocol. It is also excellently suited for bioimaging of intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kettner
- Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering, Bernburger Strasse 55, 06366, Koethen, Germany
| | - Carola Griehl
- Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering, Bernburger Strasse 55, 06366, Koethen, Germany
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24
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Hwangbo M, Chu KH. Recent advances in production and extraction of bacterial lipids for biofuel production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139420. [PMID: 32464391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based biofuel is a clean and renewable energy that has been recognized as a promising replacement for petroleum-based fuels. Lipid-based biofuel can be made from three different types of intracellular biolipids; triacylglycerols (TAGs), wax esters (WEs), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Among many lipid-producing prokaryotes and eukaryotes, biolipids from prokaryotes have been recently highlighted due to simple cultivation of lipid-producing prokaryotes and their ability to accumulate high biolipid contents. However, the cost of lipid-based biofuel production remains high, in part, because of high cost of lipid extraction processes. This review summarizes the production mechanisms of these different types of biolipids from prokaryotes and extraction methods for these biolipids. Traditional and improved physical/chemical approaches for biolipid extraction remain costly, and these methods are summarized and compared in this review. Recent advances in biological lipid extraction including phage-based cell lysis or secretion of biolipids are also discussed. These new techniques are promising for bacterial biolipids extraction. Challenges and future research needs for cost-effective lipid extraction are identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hwangbo
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA.
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25
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Gómez-Hernández E, Salgado-Lugo H, Segura D, García A, Díaz-Barrera A, Peña C. Production of Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) with Ultra-High Molecular Weight (UHMW) by Mutant Strains of Azotobacter vinelandii Under Microaerophilic Conditions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:79-95. [PMID: 32813183 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) is a biopolymer, which presents characteristics similar to those of plastics derived from the petrochemical industry. The thermomechanical properties and biodegradability of P3HB are influenced by its molecular weight (MW). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes of the molecular weight of P3HB as a function of oxygen transfer rate (OTR) in the cultures using two strains of Azotobacter vinelandii, a wild-type strain OP, and PhbZ1 mutant with a P3HB depolymerase inactivated. Both strains were grown in a bioreactor under different OTR conditions. An inverse relationship was found between the average molecular weight of P3HB and the OTRmax, obtaining a polymer with a maximal MW (8000-10,000 kDa) from the cultures developed at OTRmax of 5 mmol L-1 h-1 using both strains, with respect to the cultures conducted at 8 and 11 mmol L-1 h-1, which produced a P3HB between 4000 and 5000 kDa. The increase in MW of P3HB was related to the activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis and depolymerization. Overall, our results show that it is possible to modulate the average molecular weight of P3HB by manipulating oxygen transfer conditions with both strains (OP and PhbZ1 mutant) of A. vinelandii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Gómez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Holjes Salgado-Lugo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Daniel Segura
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Andrés García
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Alvaro Díaz-Barrera
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147 Casilla, 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carlos Peña
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico.
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Wu H, Li S, Ji M, Chen Q, Shi J, Blamey JM, Sun J. Improvement of polyhydroxybutyrate production by deletion of csrA in Escherichia coli. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Accumulation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by Azotobacter vinelandii with different 3HV fraction in shake flasks and bioreactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1469-1478. [PMID: 32266468 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) by Azotobacter vinelandii was evaluated in shake flasks and bioreactors, utilizing different precursors and oxygen transfer rates (OTRs). In shake flask cultures, the highest PHBV yield from sucrose (0.16 g g-1) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) fraction in the PHA chain (27.4 mol%) were obtained with valerate (1.0 g L-1). In the bioreactor, the cultures were grown under oxygen-limited conditions, and the maximum OTR (OTRmax) was varied by adjusting the agitation rate. In the cultures grown at low OTRmax (4.3 mmol L-1 h-1), the intracellular content of PHBV (73% w w-1) was improved, whereas a maximum 3HV fraction (35 mol %) was obtained when a higher OTRmax (17.2 mmol L-1 h-1, to 600 rpm) was employed. The findings obtained suggest that the PHBV production and the content of 3HV incorporated into the polymer were affected by the OTR. Based on the evidence, it is possible to produce PHBV with a different composition by varying the OTR of the culture; thus, the approach in this study could be used to scale up PHBV production.
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Yañez L, Conejeros R, Vergara-Fernández A, Scott F. Beyond Intracellular Accumulation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Chiral Hydroxyalkanoic Acids and Polymer Secretion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:248. [PMID: 32318553 PMCID: PMC7147478 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are ubiquitous prokaryotic storage compounds of carbon and energy, acting as sinks for reducing power during periods of surplus of carbon source relative to other nutrients. With close to 150 different hydroxyalkanoate monomers identified, the structure and properties of these polyesters can be adjusted to serve applications ranging from food packaging to biomedical uses. Despite its versatility and the intensive research in the area over the last three decades, the market share of PHAs is still low. While considerable rich literature has accumulated concerning biochemical, physiological, and genetic aspects of PHAs intracellular accumulation, the costs of substrates and processing costs, including the extraction of the polymer accumulated in intracellular granules, still hampers a more widespread use of this family of polymers. This review presents a comprehensive survey and critical analysis of the process engineering and metabolic engineering strategies reported in literature aimed at the production of chiral (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids (RHAs), either from the accumulated polymer or by bypassing the accumulation of PHAs using metabolically engineered bacteria, and the strategies developed to recover the accumulated polymer without using conventional downstream separations processes. Each of these topics, that have received less attention compared to PHAs accumulation, could potentially improve the economy of PHAs production and use. (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids can be used as chiral precursors, thanks to its easily modifiable functional groups, and can be either produced de-novo or be obtained from recycled PHA products. On the other hand, efficient mechanisms of PHAs release from bacterial cells, including controlled cell lysis and PHA excretion, could reduce downstream costs and simplify the polymer recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Yañez
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Conejeros
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alberto Vergara-Fernández
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Scott
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Liu LY, Xie GJ, Xing DF, Liu BF, Ding J, Ren NQ. Biological conversion of methane to polyhydroxyalkanoates: Current advances, challenges, and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:100029. [PMID: 36160923 PMCID: PMC9487992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2020.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Methane emissions and plastic pollution are critical global challenges. The biological conversion of methane to poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) not only mitigates methane emissions but also provides biodegradable polymer substitutes for petroleum-based materials used in plastics production. This work provides an early overview of the methane-based PHB advances and discusses challenges and related strategies. Recent advances of PHB, including PHB biosynthetic pathways, methanotrophs, bioreactors, and the performances of PHB materials are introduced. Major challenges of methane-based PHB production are discussed in detail; these include low efficiency of methanotrophs, low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, and poor material properties. To overcome these limitations, various approaches are also explored, such as feast-famine regimes, engineered microorganisms, gas-permeable membrane bioreactors, two-phase partitioning bioreactors, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate synthesis, and molecular weight manipulation.
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Surendran A, Lakshmanan M, Chee JY, Sulaiman AM, Thuoc DV, Sudesh K. Can Polyhydroxyalkanoates Be Produced Efficiently From Waste Plant and Animal Oils? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:169. [PMID: 32258007 PMCID: PMC7090169 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a potential replacement for some petrochemical-based plastics. PHAs are polyesters synthesized and stored by various bacteria and archaea in their cytoplasm as water-insoluble inclusions. PHAs are usually produced when the microbes are cultured with nutrient-limiting concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, or oxygen and excess carbon sources. Such fermentation conditions have been optimized by industry to reduce the cost of PHAs produced commercially. Industrially, these biodegradable polyesters are derived from microbial fermentation processes utilizing various carbon sources. One of the major constraints in scaling-up PHA production is the cost of the carbon source metabolized by the microorganisms. Hence, cheap and renewable carbon substrates are currently being investigated around the globe. Plant and animal oils have been demonstrated to be excellent carbon sources for high yield production of PHAs. Waste streams from oil mills or the used oils, which are even cheaper, are also used. This approach not only reduces the production cost for PHAs, but also makes a significant contribution toward the reduction of environmental pollution caused by the used oil. Advancements in the genetic and metabolic engineering of bacterial strains have enabled a more efficient utilization of various carbon sources, in achieving high PHA yields with specified monomer compositions. This review discusses recent developments in the biosynthesis and classification of various forms of PHAs produced using crude and waste oils from the oil palm and fish industries. The biodegradability of the PHAs produced from these oils will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthy Surendran
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Manoj Lakshmanan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Aging Science (URICAS), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Jiun Yee Chee
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Doan Van Thuoc
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Aging Science (URICAS), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate): Promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2020; 70:1-15. [PMID: 31677369 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) is a natural polymer, produced by different bacteria, with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Cardiovascular patches, scaffolds in tissue engineering and drug carriers are some of the possible biomedical applications of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). In the past decade, many researchers examined the different physico-chemical modifications of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in order to improve its properties for use in the field of bone tissue engineering. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composites with hydroxyapatite and bioglass are intensively tested with animal and human osteoblasts in vitro to provide information about their biocompatibility, biodegradability and osteoinductivity. Good bone regeneration was proven when poly(3-hydroxy-butyrate) patches were implanted in vivo in bone tissue of cats, minipigs and rats. This review summarizes the recent reports of in vitro and in vivo studies of pure poly(3-hydroxy-butyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composites with the emphasis on their bioactivity and biocompatibility with bone cells.
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Hirai K, Nojo M, Sato Y, Tsuzuki M, Sato N. Contribution of protein synthesis depression to poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under nutrient-starved conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19944. [PMID: 31882765 PMCID: PMC6934822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56520-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in cyanobacteria, which accumulates as energy and carbon sources through the action of photosynthesis, is expected to substitute for petroleum-based plastics. This study first demonstrated that PHB accumulation was induced, with the appearance of lipid droplets, in sulfur (S)-starved cells of a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, however, to a lower level than in nitrogen (N)- or phosphorus (P)-starved cells. Concomitantly found was repression of the accumulation of total cellular proteins in the S-starved cells to a similar level to that in N-starved cells, and a severer level than in P-starved cells. Intriguingly, PHB accumulation was induced in Synechocystis even under nutrient-replete conditions, upon repression of the accumulation of total cellular proteins through treatment of the wild type cells with a protein synthesis inhibitor, chloramphenicol, or through disruption of the argD gene for Arg synthesis. Meanwhile, the expression of the genes for PHB synthesis was hardly induced in S-starved cells, in contrast to their definite up-regulation in N- or P-starved cells. It therefore seemed that PHB accumulation in S-starved cells is achieved through severe repression of protein synthesis, but is smaller than in N- or P-starved cells, owing to little induction of the expression of PHB synthesis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Hirai
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Miki Nojo
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sato
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikio Tsuzuki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sato
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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Kumar V, Kumar S, Singh D. Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates from extreme niches: Bioprospection status, opportunities and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 147:1255-1267. [PMID: 31739043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Extreme niches are offered with unusual physiochemical conditions that impose stress to the life-forms including microbial communities. Microbes have evolved unique physiology and genetics to interact dynamically with extreme environments for their adaptation and survival. Amongst the several adaptive features of microbes in stressed conditions, polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis is a crucial strategy of many bacteria and archaea to reserve carbon and energy inside the cell. Apart from the relevance of PHA to microbial world, these intracellular polyesters are seen as essential biological macromolecules for the bio-material industry owing to their plastic-like properties, biodegradable and eco-friendly nature. Recently, much attention has been attracted by the microbes of extreme habitats for a new source of industrially suited PHA producers and novel PHA with unique properties. Therefore, the current review is focused on the critical evaluation of microbes from extreme niches for PHA production and opportunities for the development of commercially feasible PHA bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.
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Jha A, Kumar A. Biobased technologies for the efficient extraction of biopolymers from waste biomass. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1893-1901. [PMID: 31542821 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of considerable progress in synthetic plastic or polymer-based industry, its low biodegradability is a critical issue. Nevertheless, natural "biopolymers" are gradually replacing them for being inherently biodegradable, eco-friendly with other unique properties. This article aims to present a review regarding different extraction techniques of biopolymers [natural (cellulose, chitin, lignin, pectin, starch, xylan), synthetic (polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polymethayl methacrylate (PMMA)] from waste using bio-based methods. The role of bio-based techniques in terms of conventional/ecologically stable strategies for biomass pre-treatment was investigated for proper utilization of waste. The review summarizes strong interplay between technological and future challenges of biopolymer extraction from waste and paints a discussion of how conventional resources could be replaced with more environmentally friendly materials. Therefore, we advocate the implementation of biomass waste from food, organic, and other bio-based industries that revolutionizes the stance of biopolymer in various emerging fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhuti Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India.
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Pavan FA, Junqueira TL, Watanabe MD, Bonomi A, Quines LK, Schmidell W, de Aragao GM. Economic analysis of polyhydroxybutyrate production by Cupriavidus necator using different routes for product recovery. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Enhanced production of poly‑3‑hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by expression of response regulator DR1558 in recombinant Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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de Souza Pinto Lemgruber R, Valgepea K, Tappel R, Behrendorff JB, Palfreyman RW, Plan M, Hodson MP, Simpson SD, Nielsen LK, Köpke M, Marcellin E. Systems-level engineering and characterisation of Clostridium autoethanogenum through heterologous production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Metab Eng 2019; 53:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jacquin J, Cheng J, Odobel C, Pandin C, Conan P, Pujo-Pay M, Barbe V, Meistertzheim AL, Ghiglione JF. Microbial Ecotoxicology of Marine Plastic Debris: A Review on Colonization and Biodegradation by the "Plastisphere". Front Microbiol 2019; 10:865. [PMID: 31073297 PMCID: PMC6497127 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, it has become clear that plastic pollution presents a global societal and environmental challenge given its increasing presence in the oceans. A growing literature has focused on the microbial life growing on the surfaces of these pollutants called the "plastisphere," but the general concepts of microbial ecotoxicology have only rarely been integrated. Microbial ecotoxicology deals with (i) the impact of pollutants on microbial communities and inversely (ii) how much microbes can influence their biodegradation. The goal of this review is to enlighten the growing literature of the last 15 years on microbial ecotoxicology related to plastic pollution in the oceans. First, we focus on the impact of plastic on marine microbial life and on the various functions it ensures in the ecosystems. In this part, we also discuss the driving factors influencing biofilm development on plastic surfaces and the potential role of plastic debris as vector for dispersal of harmful pathogen species. Second, we give a critical view of the extent to which marine microorganisms can participate in the decomposition of plastic in the oceans and of the relevance of current standard tests for plastic biodegradability at sea. We highlight some examples of metabolic pathways of polymer biodegradation. We conclude with several questions regarding gaps in current knowledge of plastic biodegradation by marine microorganisms and the identification of possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Jacquin
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Jingguang Cheng
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Charlène Odobel
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Caroline Pandin
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Pascal Conan
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Mireille Pujo-Pay
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Valérie Barbe
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Commissariat á I’Énergie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Anne-Leila Meistertzheim
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
- Plastic@Sea, Observatoire Océanographique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Jean-François Ghiglione
- UMR 7621, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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A Process Engineering Approach to Improve Production of P(3HB) byCupriavidus necatorfrom Used Cooking Oil. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2191650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Different feeding strategies, namely, exponential feeding and DO-stat mode, were implemented for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), byCupriavidus necatorDSM 428 with used cooking oil (UCO) as the sole carbon source. With the exponential feeding strategy, a cell dry mass of 21.3 ± 0.9 g L−1was obtained, with a polymer content of 84.0 ± 4.5 wt.%, giving an overall volumetric productivity of 4.5 ± 0.2 g L−1 day−1. However, the highest P(3HB) volumetric productivity, 12.6 ± 0.8 g L−1 day−1, was obtained when the DO-stat mode was implemented together with the use of ammonium hydroxide for pH control, which served as an additional nitrogen source and allowed to reach higher cell dry mass (7.8 ± 0.6 g L−1). The P(3HB) obtained in all experiments had a high molecular mass, ranging from 0.6 × 105to 2.6 × 105 g mol−1, with low polydispersity indexes of 1.2-1.6. Melting and glass transition temperatures were also similar for the polymer produced with both cultivation strategy, 174°C and 3.0-4.0°C, respectively. The polymer exhibited a crystallinity ranging from 52 to 65%. The DO-stat strategy to feed oil containing substrates as the sole carbon sources was reported for the first time in this study, and the preliminary results obtained show that it is a promising strategy to improve P(3HB) production. Nevertheless, the process requires further optimization in order to make it economically viable.
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Bonartsev AP, Voinova VV, Bonartseva GA. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Human Microbiota (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683818060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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41
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Özgören T, Pinar O, Bozdağ G, Denizci AA, Gündüz O, Çakır Hatır P, Kazan D. Assessment of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) synthesis from a novel obligate alkaliphilic Bacillus marmarensis and generation of its composite scaffold via electrospinning. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:982-991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ramon J, Saez V, Gomes F, Pinto J, Nele M. Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-PBS Copolymers to Obtain Microspheres With Different Naproxen Release Profiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201800065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Ramon
- Escola de Química; Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária; av. Horacio Macedo; bloco E. Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro; 2030 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Vivian Saez
- Instituto de Macromoléculas: Professora Eloisa Mano; Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária; av. Horacio Macedo, 2030 bloco J. Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro 2030 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes
- Instituto de Macromoléculas: Professora Eloisa Mano; Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária; av. Horacio Macedo, 2030 bloco J. Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro 2030 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Jose Pinto
- Programa de Engenharia Química; COPPE, Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária; av. Horacio Macedo bloco I. Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro 2030 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Marcio Nele
- Escola de Química; Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária; av. Horacio Macedo; bloco E. Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro; 2030 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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43
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Das M, Grover A. Fermentation optimization and mathematical modeling of glycerol-based microbial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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44
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Matturro B, Pierro L, Frascadore E, Petrangeli Papini M, Rossetti S. Microbial Community Changes in a Chlorinated Solvents Polluted Aquifer Over the Field Scale Treatment With Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate as Amendment. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1664. [PMID: 30087670 PMCID: PMC6066499 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) and the supporting microbial populations operating in a pilot scale plant employing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), a biodegradable polymer produced by bacteria from waste streams, for the in situ bioremediation of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated solvents. The bioremediation was performed in ground treatment units, including PHB reactors as slow release source of electron donors, where groundwater extracted from the wells flows through before the re-infiltration to the low permeability zones of the aquifer. The coupling of the biological treatment with groundwater recirculation allowed to drastically reducing the contamination level and the remediation time by efficiently stimulating the growth of autochthonous OHRB and enhancing the mobilization of the pollutants. Quantitative PCR performed along the external treatment unit showed that the PHB reactor may efficiently act as an external incubator to growing Dehalococcoides mccartyi, known to be capable of fully converting chlorinated ethenes to innocuous end-products. The slow release source of electron donors for the bioremediation process allowed the establishment of a stable population of D. mccartyi, mainly carrying bvcA and vcrA genes which are implicated in the metabolic conversion of vinyl chloride to harmless ethene. Next generation sequencing was performed to analyze the phylogenetic diversity of the groundwater microbiome before and after the bioremediation treatment and allowed the identification of the microorganisms working closely with organohalide-respiring bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Pierro
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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45
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Thammasittirong A, Saechow S, Thammasittirong SNR. Efficient polyhydroxybutyrate production from Bacillus juice substrate thuringiensis using sugarcane. Turk J Biol 2017; 41:992-1002. [PMID: 30814863 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1704-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the screening and optimization of biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production by Bacillus spp. using cost-effective substrates. Among 602 local Bacillus isolates, Bacillus thuringiensis B417-5 produced the highest amount of PHB (2.278 g/L, 60.07% of dry cell weight, DCW). 1H NMR and FTIR analyses of the extracted polymer revealed the characteristic peaks of PHB. The optimization results showed that the highest PHB accumulation (2.768 g/L, 72.08% of DCW) was achieved when culturing B. thuringiensis B417-5 in a nitrogen-deficient medium containing 1% total sugar from sugarcane juice and 0.5% yeast extract, with a pH of 7.0 and an incubation temperature of 37 °C for 48 h. B. thuringiensis B417-5 can thus be considered a good candidate for large-scale production of PHB. We are reporting for the first time that sugarcane juice is a promising carbon source for economical PHB production by B. thuringiensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anon Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Saechow
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sutticha Na-Ranong Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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46
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Lopez-Arenas T, González-Contreras M, Anaya-Reza O, Sales-Cruz M. Analysis of the fermentation strategy and its impact on the economics of the production process of PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate). Comput Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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47
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Romo-Uribe A, Meneses-Acosta A, Domínguez-Díaz M. Viability of HEK 293 cells on poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesized from a mutant Azotobacter vinelandii strain. Cast film and electrospun scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 81:236-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Chen GQ, Jiang XR. Engineering microorganisms for improving polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 53:20-25. [PMID: 29169056 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) has been studied since the 1920s. The biosynthesis pathways have been well understood and various attempts have been made to improve the PHA biosynthesis efficiency. Recent progresses have been focused on systematic improvements on PHA biosynthesis including changing growth pattern for rapid proliferation, engineering to enlarge cell sizes for more PHA accumulation space, reprogramming the PHA synthesis pathways using optimized RBS and promoter, redirecting metabolic flux to PHA synthesis using CRISPR/Cas9 tools, and very importantly, the employment of non-traditional host such as halophiles for reduced complexity on PHA production. All of the efforts should lead to ultrahigh PHA accumulation, controllable PHA compositions and molecular weights, open and continuous PHA production with gravity separation processes, resulting in competitive PHA production cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- MOE Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Centre for Synthetic Biology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Xiao-Ran Jiang
- MOE Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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49
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Zhuikov VA, Bonartsev AP, Zharkova II, Bykova GS, Taraskin NY, Kireynov AV, Kopitsyna MN, Bonartseva GA, Shaitan KV. Effect of Poly(ethylene glycol) on the Ultrastructure and Physicochemical Properties of the Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201600189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod A. Zhuikov
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Av. 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - A. P. Bonartsev
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leninskie gory, 1-12 119236 Moscow Russia
| | - I. I. Zharkova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leninskie gory, 1-12 119236 Moscow Russia
| | - G. S. Bykova
- Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leninskie gory, 1-12 119992 Moscow Russia
| | - N. Y. Taraskin
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University; 5, 2-nd Baumanskaya 105005 Moscow Russia
| | - A. V. Kireynov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University; 5, 2-nd Baumanskaya 105005 Moscow Russia
| | - M. N. Kopitsyna
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University; 5, 2-nd Baumanskaya 105005 Moscow Russia
| | - G. A. Bonartseva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Av. 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - K. V. Shaitan
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leninskie gory, 1-12 119236 Moscow Russia
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50
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Quiroz-Rocha E, Bonilla-Badía F, García-Aguilar V, López-Pliego L, Serrano-Román J, Cocotl-Yañez M, Guzmán J, Ahumada-Manuel CL, Muriel-Millán LF, Castañeda M, Espín G, Nuñez C. Two-component system CbrA/CbrB controls alginate production in Azotobacter vinelandii. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:1105-1115. [PMID: 28699871 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Azotobacter vinelandii, belonging to the Pseudomonadaceae family, is a free-living bacterium that has been considered to be a good source for the production of bacterial polymers such as alginate. In A. vinelandii the synthesis of this polymer is regulated by the Gac/Rsm post-transcriptional regulatory system, in which the RsmA protein binds to the mRNA of the biosynthetic algD gene, inhibiting translation. In several Pseudomonas spp. the two-component system CbrA/CbrB has been described to control a variety of metabolic and behavioural traits needed for adaptation to changing environmental conditions. In this work, we show that the A. vinelandii CbrA/CbrB two-component system negatively affects alginate synthesis, a function that has not been described in Pseudomonas aeruginosa or any other Pseudomonas species. CbrA/CbrB was found to control the expression of some alginate biosynthetic genes, mainly algD translation. In agreement with this result, the CbrA/CbrB system was necessary for optimal rsmA expression levels. CbrA/CbrB was also required for maximum accumulation of the sigma factor RpoS. This last effect could explain the positive effect of CbrA/CbrB on rsmA expression, as we also showed that one of the promoters driving rsmA transcription was RpoS-dependent. However, although inactivation of rpoS increased alginate production by almost 100 %, a cbrA mutation increased the synthesis of this polymer by up to 500 %, implying the existence of additional CbrA/CbrB regulatory pathways for the control of alginate production. The control exerted by CbrA/CbrB on the expression of the RsmA protein indicates the central role of this system in regulating carbon metabolism in A. vinelandii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Quiroz-Rocha
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Fernando Bonilla-Badía
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México.,Present address: Departamento de Medicina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias de la Salud-Unidad Milpa Alta, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICITEC, Ex-Hacienda del Mayorazgo, Km. 39.5 Carretera Xochimilco - Oaxtepec, Ciudad de México, CP 12000, México
| | - Valentina García-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apdo. Postal 1622, CP 72000, México
| | - Liliana López-Pliego
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apdo. Postal 1622, CP 72000, México
| | - Jade Serrano-Román
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Miguel Cocotl-Yañez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México.,Present address: Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - Josefina Guzmán
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Carlos L Ahumada-Manuel
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Luis Felipe Muriel-Millán
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Miguel Castañeda
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apdo. Postal 1622, CP 72000, México
| | - Guadalupe Espín
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Cinthia Nuñez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
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