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Qian Z, Chen L, Liu J, Jiang Y, Zhang Y. The emerging role of PPAR-alpha in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114420. [PMID: 36812713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has been confirmed to have lipid disorders in the tumour microenvironment. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor that belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. PPARα regulates the expression of genes involved in fatty acid homeostasis and is a major regulator of lipid metabolism. Because of its effects on lipid metabolism, an increasing number of studies have investigated the relationship of PPARα with breast cancer. PPARα has been shown to impact the cell cycle and apoptosis in normal cells and tumoral cells through regulating genes of the lipogenic pathway, fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid activation, and uptake of exogenous fatty acids. Besides, PPARα is involved in the regulation of the tumour microenvironment (anti-inflammation and inhibition of angiogenesis) by modulating different signal pathways such as NF-κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Some synthetic PPARα ligands are used in adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. PPARα agonists are reported to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. In addition, PPARα agonists enhance the curative effects of targeted therapy and radiation therapy. Interestingly, with the emerging role of immunotherapy, attention has been focused on the tumour microenvironment. The dual functions of PPARα agonists in immunotherapy need further research. This review aims to consolidate the operations of PPARα in lipid-related and other ways, as well as discuss the current and potential applications of PPARα agonists in tackling breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Qian
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China; Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
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Mietus-Snyder M, Suslovic W, Delaney M, Playford MP, Ballout RA, Barber JR, Otvos JD, DeBiasi RL, Mehta NN, Remaley AT. Changes in HDL cholesterol, particles, and function associate with pediatric COVID-19 severity. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1033660. [PMID: 36312284 PMCID: PMC9597312 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1033660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myriad roles for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) beyond atheroprotection include immunologic functions implicated in the severity of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in adults. We explored whether there is an association between HDL and COVID-19 severity in youth. Methods A pediatric cohort (N = 102), who tested positive for COVID-19 across a range of disease manifestations from mild or no symptoms, to acute severe symptoms, to the multisystem inflammatory syndrome of children (MIS-C) was identified. Clinical data were collected from the medical record and reserve plasma aliquots were assessed for lipoproteins by NMR spectroscopy and assayed for HDL functional cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). Findings were compared by COVID-19 status and symptom severity. Lipoprotein, NMR spectroscopy and CEC data were compared with 30 outpatient COVID negative children. Results Decreasing HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), apolipoprotein AI (ApoA-I), total, large and small HDL particles and HDL CEC showed a strong and direct linear dose-response relationship with increasing severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Youth with mild or no symptoms closely resembled the uninfected. An atypical lipoprotein that arises in the presence of severe hepatic inflammation, lipoprotein Z (LP-Z), was absent in COVID-19 negative controls but identified more often in youth with the most severe infections and the lowest HDL parameters. The relationship between HDL CEC and symptom severity and ApoA-I remained significant in a multiply adjusted model that also incorporated age, race/ethnicity, the presence of LP-Z and of GlycA, a composite biomarker reflecting multiple acute phase proteins. Conclusion HDL parameters, especially HDL function, may help identify youth at risk of more severe consequences of COVID-19 and other novel infectious pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Mietus-Snyder
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
- The Children's National Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Meghan Delaney
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Martin P. Playford
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rami A. Ballout
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John R. Barber
- The Children's National Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - James D. Otvos
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Roberta L. DeBiasi
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
- The Children's National Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Nehal N. Mehta
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alan T. Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Clinical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Ren Z, Okyere SK, Xie L, Wen J, Wang J, Chen Z, Ni X, Deng J, Hu Y. Oral Administration of Bacillus toyonensis Strain SAU-20 Improves Insulin Resistance and Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837237. [PMID: 35242140 PMCID: PMC8887768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the ameliorative effects of Bacillus toyonensis-SAU-20 (B. toyo SAU-20), a new probiotic strain isolated and identified by our laboratory from Ageratina adenophora, on the development of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice was investigated. Thirty Specific-pathogen free Kunming (SPFKM) mice were randomly allocated to three groups: control, high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ), and HFD/STZ+B. toyo SAU-20 groups with oral administration of B. toyo SAU-20 for 35 days. Biochemistry parameters, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance were measured in the blood whereas histological analysis, inflammatory cytokines and lipogenic genes in the liver tissues. The results showed that, the levels of serum glucose, lipid profile, mRNA expression of lipogenic related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in T2DM mice. However, after B. toyo SAU-20 administration, the elevation of these parameters was significantly suppressed (P<0.05). In addition, the feeding of B. toyo SAU-20 significantly improved the morphological changes of the liver with significant alleviation of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress status and inflammation (P<0.05) indicating the ameliorating effect of B. toyo SAU-20 in hepatic steatosis in T2DM. Therefore, we concluded that, B. toyo SAU-20 alleviated insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by improving the lipid profiles, antioxidant status and downregulating lipogenic genes as well as pro-inflammation cytokines expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Samuel Kumi Okyere
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group Co., Ltd. Shenzhen, China
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Xiao L, Wang N. PPAR-δ: A key nuclear receptor in vascular function and remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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A mechanistic and empirical review of antcins, a new class of phytosterols of formosan fungi origin. J Food Drug Anal 2020; 28:38-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Fantacuzzi M, De Filippis B, Amoroso R, Giampietro L. PPAR Ligands Containing Stilbene Scaffold. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1599-1610. [PMID: 31161987 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190603085026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcriptional factors which belong to the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. They are ubiquitously expressed throughout the body. So far, three major subtypes have been identified, PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. They are crucial for lipid and glucose metabolism and are also involved in the regulation of several types of tumors, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases and infertility. The importance of these transcription factors in physiology and pathophysiology has been largely investigated. Synthetic PPAR ligands are widely used in the treatment of dyslipidemia (e.g. fibrates - PPARα activators) or in diabetes mellitus (e.g. thiazolidinediones - PPARγ agonists) while a new generation of dual agonists reveals hypolipemic, hypotensive, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant action. Many natural ligands, including polyphenolic compounds, influence the expression of these receptors. They have several health-promoting properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Resveratrol, a stilbene polyphenol, is a biological active modulator of several signaling proteins, including PPARs. Given the enormous pharmacological potential of resveratrol, stilbene-based medicinal chemistry had a rapid increase covering various areas of research. The present review discusses ligands of PPARs that contain stilbene scaffold and summarises the different types of compounds on the basis of chemical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Letizia Giampietro
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Zhang C, Deng J, Liu D, Tuo X, Yu Y, Yang H, Wang N. Nuciferine Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokines via the PPARs in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102723. [PMID: 30360404 PMCID: PMC6222486 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is important and has been found to be an underlying cause in many acute and chronic human diseases. Nuciferine, a natural alkaloid containing an aromatic ring, is found in the nelumbo nucifera leaves. It has been shown to have potential anti-inflammatory activities, but the molecular mechanism has remained unclear. In this study, we found that nuciferine (10 μM) significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, the luciferase reporter assay results of different subtypes of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) showed that nuciferine dose-dependently activated all the PPAR activities. Specific inhibitors of PPARα and PPARγ significantly abolished the production of inflammatory cytokines as well as IκBα degradation. However, PPARδ inhibitor did not show this effect. Our results suggested a potential molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of nuciferine in LPS-induced inflammation, at least in part, by activating PPARα and PPARγ in RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Xingxia Tuo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Haixia Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Nanping Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
- The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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9
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Zhang C, Deng J, Liu D, Tuo X, Xiao L, Lai B, Yao Q, Liu J, Yang H, Wang N. Nuciferine ameliorates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet/streptozocin-induced diabetic mice through a PPARα/PPARγ coactivator-1α pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4218-4228. [PMID: 30129056 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nuciferine, an alkaloid found in Nelumbo nucifera leaves, alleviates dyslipidemia in vivo. However, whether it improves liver injury in diabetic conditions and the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nuciferine on lipid and glucose metabolism in a murine model of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to determine the underlying mechanisms of these effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A murine model of T2DM was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding combined with streptozocin (STZ) injections, and the diabetic mice were treated with nuciferine in their food. The underlying mechanism of the anti-steatotic effect of nuciferine was further explored in HepG2 hepatocytes cultured with palmitic acid. Major signalling profiles involved in fatty acid oxidation were then evaluated, using Western blot, RT-qPCR and si-RNA techniques, along with immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS Nuciferine restored impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in diabetic mice. Hepatic levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were decreased, as were the number of lipid droplets, by nuciferine treatment. Furthermore, nuciferine up-regulated β-oxidation related genes in livers of diabetic mice. Luciferase reporter cell assay showed that nuciferine directly reversed palmitic acid-induced inhibition of PPARα transcriptional activity. Silencing PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) expression in HepG2 cells abolished the effects of nuciferine in accelerating β-oxidation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Nuciferine improved lipid profile and attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice by activating the PPARα/PGC1α pathway. Nuciferine may be a potentially important candidate in improving hepatic steatosis and the management of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingxia Tuo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baochang Lai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinyu Yao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Williamson G, Kay CD, Crozier A. The Bioavailability, Transport, and Bioactivity of Dietary Flavonoids: A Review from a Historical Perspective. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1054-1112. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Inst. North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC 28081 U.S.A
| | - Alan Crozier
- Dept. of Nutrition Univ. of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing, Univ. Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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