1
|
Williams TJ, Basford PJ, Katsamenis OL, Solan M, Foster GL, Standish C, Godbold JA, Archambault P. Three-dimensional reconstruction of high latitude bamboo coral via X-ray microfocus Computed Tomography. Sci Data 2024; 11:602. [PMID: 38849366 PMCID: PMC11161459 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The skeletons of long-lived bamboo coral (Family Keratoisididae) are promising archives for deep-water palaeoceanographic reconstructions as they can record environmental variation at sub-decadal resolution in locations where in-situ measurements lack temporal coverage. Yet, detailed three dimensional (3D) characterisations of bamboo coral skeletal architecture are not routinely available and non-destructive investigations into microscale variations in calcification are rare. Here, we provide high-resolution micro-focus computed tomography (µCT) data of skeletal density for two species of bamboo coral (Acanella arbuscula: 5 specimens, voxel size, 15 µm (central branch scans) and 50 µm (complete structure scan); Keratoisis sp.: 4 specimens, voxel size, 15 µm) collected from the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay deep-water basins, Eastern Canadian Arctic. These data provide reference models useful for developing methods to assess structural integrity and other fine-scale complexities in many biological, geological, and industrial systems. This will be of wider value to those investigating structural composition, arrangement and/or composition of complex architecture within the fields and subdisciplines of biology, ecology, medicine, environmental geology, and structural engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Williams
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK.
| | - Philip J Basford
- µ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Building 5, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Orestis L Katsamenis
- µ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Building 5, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Martin Solan
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Gavin L Foster
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Christopher Standish
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Jasmin A Godbold
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Philippe Archambault
- ArcticNet, Québec Océan, Takuvik Joint International Laboratory CNRS, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Melbourne LA, Goodkin NF. Using Museum collections to assess the impact of industrialization on mussel (Mytilus edulis) calcification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301874. [PMID: 38630684 PMCID: PMC11023280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mytilus edulis is a commercially and ecologically important species found along the east coast of the United States. Ecologically, M. edulis improves water quality through filtration feeding and provides habitat formation and coastal protection through reef formation. Like many marine calcifiers, ocean warming, and acidification are a growing threat to these organisms-impacting their morphology and function. Museum collections are useful in assessing long-term environmental impacts on organisms in a natural multi-stressor environment, where acclimation and adaptation can be considered. Using the American Museum of Natural History collections ranging from the early 1900s until now, we show that shell porosity changes through time. Shells collected today are significantly more porous than shells collected in the 1960s and, at some sites, than shells collected from the early 1900s. The disparity between porosity changes matches well with the warming that occurred over the last 130 years in the north Atlantic suggesting that warming is causing porosity changes. However, more work is required to discern local environmental impacts and to fully identify porosity drivers. Since, porosity is known to affect structural integrity, porosity increasing through time could have negative consequences for mussel reef structural integrity and hence habitat formation and storm defenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne A. Melbourne
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nathalie F. Goodkin
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Medellín-Maldonado F, Cruz-Ortega I, Pérez-Cervantes E, Norzogaray-López O, Carricart-Ganivet JP, López-Pérez A, Alvarez-Filip L. Newly deceased Caribbean reef-building corals experience rapid carbonate loss and colonization by endolithic organisms. Commun Biol 2023; 6:934. [PMID: 37699971 PMCID: PMC10497637 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Coral mortality triggers the loss of carbonates fixed within coral skeletons, compromising the reef matrix. Here, we estimate rates of carbonate loss in newly deceased colonies of four Caribbean reef-building corals. We use samples from living and recently deceased colonies following a stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) outbreak. Optical densitometry and porosity analyses reveal a loss of up to 40% of the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content in dead colonies. The metabolic activity of the endolithic organisms colonizing the dead skeletons is likely partially responsible for the observed dissolution. To test for the consequences of mass mortality events over larger spatial scales, we integrate our estimates of carbonate loss with field data of the composition and size structure of coral communities. The dissolution rate depends on the relative abundance of coral species and the structural properties of their skeletons, yet we estimate an average reduction of 1.33 kg CaCO3 m-2, nearly 7% of the total amount of CaCO3 sequestered in the entire system. Our findings highlight the importance of including biological and chemical processes of CaCO3 dissolution in reef carbonate budgets, particularly as the impacts of global warming, ocean acidification, and disease likely enhance dissolution processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Medellín-Maldonado
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales en Puerto Morelos, ICML, UNAM, 77580, Puerto Morelos, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Arrecifes y Biodiversidad, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Israel Cruz-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Esclerocronología de Corales Arrecifales, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales en Puerto Morelos, ICML, UNAM, 77580, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Pérez-Cervantes
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Orion Norzogaray-López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas y Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 22860, Ensenada, BC, Mexico
| | - Juan P Carricart-Ganivet
- Laboratorio de Esclerocronología de Corales Arrecifales, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales en Puerto Morelos, ICML, UNAM, 77580, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| | - Andrés López-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Arrecifes y Biodiversidad, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lorenzo Alvarez-Filip
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales en Puerto Morelos, ICML, UNAM, 77580, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Liao X, Bi K, Han T, Chen J, Lu J, He C, Lu Z. Micro-CT reconstruction reveals the colony pattern regulations of four dominant reef-building corals. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:16266-16279. [PMID: 34824826 PMCID: PMC8601894 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonies are the basic geometric building blocks of coral reefs. However, the forming regulations of both colonies and reefs are still not understood adequately. Therefore, in this study, we reconstructed 25 samples using high-resolution micro-computed tomography to investigate coral growth patterns and parameters. Our skeleton and canal reconstructions revealed the characteristics of different coral species, and we further visualized the growth axes and growth rings to understand the coral growth directions. We drew a skeleton grayscale map and calculated the coral skeleton void ratios to ascertain the skeletal diversity, devising a method to quantify coral growth. On the basis of the three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions and growth parameters, we investigated the growth strategies of different coral species. This research increases the breadth of knowledge on how reef-building corals grow their colonies, providing information on reef-forming regulations. The data in this paper contain a large amount of coral growth information, which can be used in further research on reef-forming patterns under different conditions. The method used in this study can also be applied to animals with porous skeletons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xin Liao
- Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and UtilizationGuangxi Academy of SciencesGuangxi Mangrove Research CenterBeihaiChina
| | - Kun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tingyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junyuan Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentBeijingChina
| | - Chunpeng He
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zuhong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|