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Kosakamoto H, Obata F, Kuraishi J, Aikawa H, Okada R, Johnstone JN, Onuma T, Piper MDW, Miura M. Early-adult methionine restriction reduces methionine sulfoxide and extends lifespan in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7832. [PMID: 38052797 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MetR) extends lifespan in various organisms, but its mechanistic understanding remains incomplete. Whether MetR during a specific period of adulthood increases lifespan is not known. In Drosophila, MetR is reported to extend lifespan only when amino acid levels are low. Here, by using an exome-matched holidic medium, we show that decreasing Met levels to 10% extends Drosophila lifespan with or without decreasing total amino acid levels. MetR during the first four weeks of adult life only robustly extends lifespan. MetR in young flies induces the expression of many longevity-related genes, including Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA), which reduces oxidatively-damaged Met. MsrA induction is foxo-dependent and persists for two weeks after cessation of the MetR diet. Loss of MsrA attenuates lifespan extension by early-adulthood MetR. Our study highlights the age-dependency of the organismal response to specific nutrients and suggests that nutrient restriction during a particular period of life is sufficient for healthspan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Kosakamoto
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory for Nutritional Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Obata
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Laboratory for Nutritional Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Development, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Junpei Kuraishi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hide Aikawa
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rina Okada
- Laboratory for Nutritional Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Joshua N Johnstone
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Taro Onuma
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory for Nutritional Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Matthew D W Piper
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Masayuki Miura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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2
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Fan H, Bai Q, Yang Y, Shi X, Du G, Yan J, Shi J, Wang D. The key roles of reactive oxygen species in microglial inflammatory activation: Regulation by endogenous antioxidant system and exogenous sulfur-containing compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175966. [PMID: 37549725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant innate immunity in the brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and depression. Except for extraparenchymal CNS-associated macrophages, which predominantly afford protection against peripheral invading pathogens, it has been reported that microglia, a population of macrophage-like cells governing CNS immune defense in nearly all neurological diseases, are the main CNS resident immune cells. Although microglia have been recognized as the most important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the CNS, ROS also may underlie microglial functions, especially M1 polarization, by modulating redox-sensitive signaling pathways. Recently, endogenous antioxidant systems, including glutathione, hydrogen sulfide, superoxide dismutase, and methionine sulfoxide reductase A, were found to be involved in regulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. A series of natural sulfur-containing compounds, including S-adenosyl methionine, S-methyl-L-cysteine, sulforaphane, DMS, and S-alk(enyl)-l-cysteine sulfoxide, modulating endogenous antioxidant systems have been discovered. We have summarized the current knowledge on the involvement of endogenous antioxidant systems in regulating microglial inflammatory activation and the effects of sulfur-containing compounds on endogenous antioxidant systems. Finally, we discuss the possibilities associated with compounds targeting the endogenous antioxidant system to treat neuroinflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fan
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| | - Qianqian Bai
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Ganqin Du
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Junqiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
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Michanowicz DR, Leventhal OM, Domen JK, Williams SR, Lebel ED, Hill LAL, Buonocore JJ, Nordgaard CL, Bernstein AS, Shonkoff SBC. Natural gas odorants: A scoping review of health effects. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:337-352. [PMID: 37491689 PMCID: PMC10504204 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Organosulfur compounds are intentionally added to natural gas as malodorants with the intent of short-term nasal inhalation to aid in leak detection. Regulatory exposure limits have not been established for all commonly used natural gas odorants, and recent community-level exposure events and growing evidence of indoor natural gas leakage have raised concerns associated with natural gas odorant exposures. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed scientific publications on human exposures and animal toxicological studies of natural gas odorants to assess toxicological profiles, exposure potential, health effects and regulatory guidelines associated with commonly used natural gas odorants. RECENT FINDINGS We identified only 22 studies which met inclusion criteria for full review. Overall, there is limited evidence of both transient nonspecific health symptoms and clinically diagnosed causative neurotoxic effects associated with prolonged odorant exposures. Across seven community-level exposure events and two occupational case reports, consistent symptom patterns included: headache, ocular irritation, nose and throat irritation, respiratory complaints such as shortness of breath and asthma attacks, and skin irritation and rash. Of these, respiratory inflammation and asthma exacerbations are the most debilitating, whereas the high prevalence of ocular and dermatologic symptoms suggest a non-inhalation route of exposure. The limited evidence available raises the possibility that organosulfur odorants may pose health risks at exposures much lower than presently understood, though additional dose-response studies are needed to disentangle specific toxicologic effects from nonspecific responses to noxious organosulfur odors. Numerous recommendations are provided including more transparent and prescriptive natural gas odorant use practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew R Michanowicz
- Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, United States.
- PSE Healthy Energy, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States.
| | - Olivia M Leventhal
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States
| | - Jeremy K Domen
- PSE Healthy Energy, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
- Earth & Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, 94702, United States
| | - Samuel R Williams
- Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
| | - Eric D Lebel
- PSE Healthy Energy, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
| | | | - Jonathan J Buonocore
- Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Aaron S Bernstein
- Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Division of General Medicine Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Seth B C Shonkoff
- PSE Healthy Energy, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94702, United States
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, 94702, United States
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4
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Li H, Gao J, Zhao F, Liu X, Ma B. Bioactive Peptides from Edible Mushrooms-The Preparation, Mechanisms, Structure-Activity Relationships and Prospects. Foods 2023; 12:2935. [PMID: 37569204 PMCID: PMC10417677 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushroom bioactive peptides (MBPs) are bioactive peptides extracted directly or indirectly from edible mushrooms. MBPs are known to have antioxidant, anti-aging, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive properties, and facilitate memory and cognitive improvement, antitumour and anti-diabetes activities, and cholesterol reduction. MBPs exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the MAPK, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE, NF-κB and TNF pathways. In addition, MBPs exert antibacterial, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory effects by stimulating the proliferation of macrophages. The bioactivities of MBPs are closely related to their molecular weights, charge, amino acid compositions and amino acid sequences. Compared with animal-derived peptides, MBPs are ideal raw materials for healthy and functional products with the advantages of their abundance of resources, safety, low price, and easy-to-achieve large-scale production of valuable nutrients for health maintenance and disease prevention. In this review, the preparation, bioactivities, mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of MBPs were described. The main challenges and prospects of their application in functional products were also discussed. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive perspective of MBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Ji’an Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Biao Ma
- Beijing Science Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China;
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Wang J, Huang Y, Shi K, Bao L, Xiao C, Sun T, Mao Z, Feng J, Hu Z, Guo Z, Li J, Jiang B, Liu W, Li J. Nicandra physalodes Extract Exerts Antiaging Effects in Multiple Models and Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16 and HSF-1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3151071. [PMID: 36267808 PMCID: PMC9578804 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3151071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of safe and effective therapeutic interventions is an important issue for delaying aging and reducing the risk of aging-related diseases. Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of aging and other complex diseases are desired due to their multiple components and targets. Through screening for effects on lifespan of 836 Chinese herbal medicine extracts, Nicandra physalodes extract (HL0285) was found to exhibit lifespan extension activity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). In further experiments, HL0285 improved healthspan, enhanced stress resistance, and delayed the progression of neurodegenerative diseases in C. elegans. Additionally, it ameliorated senescence in human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) and reversed liver function damage and reduced senescence marker levels in doxorubicin- (Dox-) induced aging mice. In addition, the longevity effect of HL0285 in C. elegans was dependent on the DAF-16 and HSF-1 signaling pathways, as demonstrated by the results of the mutant lifespan, gene level, and GFP level assays. In summary, we discovered that HL0285 had an antiaging effect in C. elegans, MRC-5 cells, and Dox-induced aging mice and deserves to be explored in the future studies on antiaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yunyuan Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Kaixuan Shi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Lingyuan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chaojiang Xiao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Tianyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhifan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiali Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zelan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhenghan Guo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-Pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Mombach DM, da Fontoura Gomes TMF, Loreto ELS. Stress does not induce a general transcription of transposable elements in Drosophila. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9033-9040. [PMID: 35980533 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transposable elements, also known as "jumping genes," have the ability to hop within the host genome. Nonetheless, this capacity is kept in check by the host cell defense systems to avoid unbridled TE mobilization. Different types of stressors can activate TEs in Drosophila, suggesting that TEs may play an adaptive role in the stress response, especially in generating genetic variability for adaptive evolution. TE activation by stressors may also lead to the notion, usually found in the literature, that any form of stress could activate all or the majority of TEs. In this review, we define what stress is. We then present and discuss RNA sequencing results from several studies demonstrating that stress does not trigger TE transcription broadly in Drosophila. An explanation for the LTR order of TEs being the most overexpressed is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Moreira Mombach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Elgion Lucio Silva Loreto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil.
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Fumigant Activity of Bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds against the Nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne incognita. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154714. [PMID: 35897889 PMCID: PMC9330711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes infect a diversity of crops, resulting in severe economic losses in agriculture. Microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are potential agents to control plant-parasitic nematodes and other pests. In this study, VOCs emitted by a dozen bacterial strains were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fumigant toxicity of selected VOCs, including dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-nonanone, 2-undecanone, anisole, 2,5-dimethylfuran, glyoxylic acid, and S-methyl thioacetate (MTA) was then tested against Caenorhabditis elegans. DMDS and MTA exhibited much stronger fumigant toxicity than the others. Probit analysis suggested that the values of LC50 were 8.57 and 1.43 μg/cm3 air for DMDS and MTA, respectively. MTA also showed stronger fumigant toxicity than DMDS against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, suggesting the application potential of MTA.
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A Whiff of Sulfur: One Wind a Day Keeps the Doctor Away. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061036. [PMID: 35739933 PMCID: PMC9219989 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive Sulfur Species (RSS), such as allicin from garlic or sulforaphane from broccoli, are fre-quently associated with biological activities and possible health benefits in animals and humans. Among these Organic Sulfur Compounds (OSCs) found in many plants and fungi, the Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSCs) feature prominently, not only because of their often-pungent smell, but also because they are able to access places which solids and solutions cannot reach that easily. Indeed, inorganic RSS such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) can be used to lit-erally fumigate entire rooms and areas. Similarly, metabolites of garlic, such as allyl methyl sulfide (AMS), are formed metabolically in humans in lower concentrations and reach the airways from inside the body as part of one’s breath. Curiously, H2S is also formed in the gastrointestinal tract by gut bacteria, and the question of if and for which purpose this gas then crosses the barriers and enters the body is indeed a delicate matter for equally delicate studies. In any case, nature is surprisingly rich in such VSCs, as fruits (for instance, the infamous durian) demonstrate, and therefore these VSCs represent a promising group of compounds for further studies.
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Plantier L, Smolinska A, Fijten R, Flamant M, Dallinga J, Mercadier JJ, Pachen D, d'Ortho MP, van Schooten FJ, Crestani B, Boots AW. The use of exhaled air analysis in discriminating interstitial lung diseases: a pilot study. Respir Res 2022; 23:12. [PMID: 35057817 PMCID: PMC8772159 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrotic Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic lung diseases characterized by diverse degrees of lung inflammation and remodeling. They include idiopathic ILD such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and ILD secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases such as connective tissue disease (CTD). Precise differential diagnosis of ILD is critical since anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which are beneficial in inflammatory ILD, are detrimental in IPF. However, differential diagnosis of ILD is still difficult and often requires an invasive lung biopsy. The primary aim of this study is to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) patterns in exhaled air to non-invasively discriminate IPF and CTD-ILD. As secondary aim, the association between the IPF and CTD-ILD discriminating VOC patterns and functional impairment is investigated. METHODS Fifty-three IPF patients, 53 CTD-ILD patients and 51 controls donated exhaled air, which was analyzed for its VOC content using gas chromatograph- time of flight- mass spectrometry. RESULTS By applying multivariate analysis, a discriminative profile of 34 VOCs was observed to discriminate between IPF patients and healthy controls whereas 11 VOCs were able to distinguish between CTD-ILD patients and healthy controls. The separation between IPF and CTD-ILD could be made using 16 discriminating VOCs, that also displayed a significant correlation with total lung capacity and the 6 min' walk distance. CONCLUSIONS This study reports for the first time that specific VOC profiles can be found to differentiate IPF and CTD-ILD from both healthy controls and each other. Moreover, an ILD-specific VOC profile was strongly correlated with functional parameters. Future research applying larger cohorts of patients suffering from a larger variety of ILDs should confirm the potential use of breathomics to facilitate fast, non-invasive and proper differential diagnosis of specific ILDs in the future as first step towards personalized medicine for these complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Plantier
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Function Testing, CHRU, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM UMR1100, Tours, France
| | - A Smolinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R Fijten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro) GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Flamant
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - J Dallinga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J J Mercadier
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - D Pachen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M P d'Ortho
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141, NeuroDiderot, France
| | - F J van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B Crestani
- Service de Pneumologie A, DHU FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1152, Labex Inflamex, Paris, France
| | - A W Boots
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Sá C, Matos D, Pires A, Cardoso P, Figueira E. Effects of volatile sulfur compounds on growth and oxidative stress of Rhizobium leguminosarum E20-8 exposed to cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149478. [PMID: 34391142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) have been reported to be produced by many bacterial species. Depending on the compound, they can negatively influence some organisms (fungi, nematodes and insects) or promote plant growth. Some of these compounds have also been hypothesized to play a role in bacterial response to cadmium (Cd) induced stress. This study aimed to assess the potential effects of four VSCs (dimethyl sulfide - DMS, dimethyl disulfide - DMDS, dimethyl trisulfide - DMTS and methyl thioacetate - MTA) on the growth and oxidative status of Rhizobium sp. strain E20-8 via airborne exposure, in order to test the hypothesis that these volatile compounds can influence growth and tolerance to cadmium. Our results show that, overall, the tested compounds triggered similar antioxidant mechanisms in Rhizobium in the presence of Cd. The protective effect at the membrane level by DMDS and DMTS particularly demonstrates the antioxidant effect of these volatiles, with reductions of up to 50% (DMS) and 80% (DMTS) in lipid peroxidation levels. Due to the volatile nature of these compounds, the low concentrations tested (1 nM to 100 mM), and considering that they are released by bacteria and other organisms such as plants, it is possible that these effects also occur in the soil ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Sá
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Matos
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adília Pires
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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11
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A single chemosensory GPCR is required for a concentration-dependent behavioral switching in C. elegans. Curr Biol 2021; 32:398-411.e4. [PMID: 34906353 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Animals detect and discriminate countless environmental chemicals for their well-being and survival. Although a single chemical can trigger opposing behavioral responses depending on its concentration, the mechanisms underlying such a concentration-dependent switching remain poorly understood. Here, we show that C. elegans exhibits either attraction or avoidance of the bacteria-derived volatile chemical dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) depending on its concentration. This behavioral switching is mediated by two different types of chemosensory neurons, both of which express the DMTS-sensitive seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) SRI-14. These two sensory neurons share downstream interneurons that process and translate DMTS signals via distinct glutamate receptors to generate the appropriate behavioral outcome. Thus, our results present one mechanism by which an animal connects two distinct types of chemosensory neurons detecting a common ligand to alternate downstream circuitry, thus efficiently switching between specific behavioral programs based on ligand concentration.
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12
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Zhong G, He Y, Wan F, Wu S, Jiang X, Tang Z, Hu L. Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Copper on the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Msr-Related Redox Status in the Kidneys of Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4205-4217. [PMID: 33479888 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of long-term exposure on oxidative damage, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, and Msr-related redox status in the kidneys of rats. Therefore, in this experimental study, a total of 32 CD-1 rats were randomized into 4 groups and treated with 30-, 60-, and 120-mg/kg Cu for 24 weeks. Different serum biomarkers suggestive of renal functions, pathological changes, and oxidative stress were analyzed in kidney tissues. Moreover, the levels of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related gene mRNA and proteins were also detected. The results indicated that Cu exposure dramatically increased the contents of creatinine and carbamide. Furthermore, histopathological alterations and mitochondrial damage in kidneys of rats of different Cu-treated groups were obviously observed. In addition, Cu exposure markedly changed the levels of glutathione, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity, and upregulated the contents of protein carbonyl, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde. Moreover, higher levels of Cu treatments significantly increased the expression of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related genes (NQO1, SOD-1, TRX, MsrA, MsrB1, MsrB2, MsrB3). Simultaneously, the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and CAT were upregulated in rats exposed to 30- and 60-mg/kg Cu, but downregulated in the 120-mg/kg Cu group compared with the control group. Moreover, the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related protein expression levels (HO-1, SOD-1, TRX, MsrA, MsrB1, MsrB2) were significantly increased in treated rats. In summary, it is suggested that the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and activation of Msr prevent Cu-induced nephrotoxicity and attenuate oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Fang Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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13
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Sheng X, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Yan L, Du G, Liu Z, Chen H. Antioxidant Effects of Caffeic Acid Lead to Protection of Drosophila Intestinal Stem Cell Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:735483. [PMID: 34568344 PMCID: PMC8458758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.735483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction or exhaustion of adult stem cells during aging is closely linked to tissue aging and age-related diseases. Circumventing this aging-related exhaustion of adult stem cells could significantly alleviate the functional decline of organs. Therefore, identifying small molecular compounds that could prevent the age-related decline of stem cell function is a primary goal in anti-aging research. Caffeic acid (CA), a phenolic compound synthesized in plants, offers substantial health benefits for multiple age-related diseases and aging. However, the effects of CA on adult stem cells remain largely unknown. Using the Drosophila midgut as a model, this study showed that oral administration with CA significantly delayed age-associated Drosophila gut dysplasia caused by the dysregulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) upon aging. Moreover, administering CA retarded the decline of intestinal functions in aged Drosophila and prevented hyperproliferation of age-associated ISC by suppressing oxidative stress-associated JNK signaling. On the other hand, CA supplementation significantly ameliorated the gut hyperplasia defect and reduced environmentally induced mortality, revealing the positive effects of CA on tolerance to stress responses. Taken together, our findings report a crucial role of CA in delaying age-related changes in ISCs of Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuedan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanyu Zhou
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - La Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Du
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Bortolucci WDC, Raimundo KF, Fernandez CMM, Calhelha RC, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L, Gonçalves JE, Linde GA, Colauto NB, Gazim ZC. Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of Gallesia integrifolia (Phytolaccaceae) fruit essential oil. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2878-2883. [PMID: 34000931 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1925270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of Gallesia integrifolia fruits essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus was investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, the cytotoxicity activity against human tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (large cell lung carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and non-tumor PLP2 (porcine liver primary cells) as well as the anti-inflammatory action was proposal. The compounds were predominantly organosulfates (2,8-dithianonane, dimethyl trisulfide, and lenthionine). Anti-inflammatory activity that provides 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production (55 µg/mL) of essential oil of the fruits. It also presents cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (GI50 = 66 µg/mL), NCI-H-460 (GI50 = 147 µg/mL), HeLa (GI50 = 182 µg/mL) and HepG2 (GI50 = 240 µg/mL). The essential oil is more active in tumor cells than in non-tumor cells and the GI50 values for essential oil reported in our work support future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa de Campos Bortolucci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Limpas e Cesumar Instituto de Ciências, tecnologia e Inovação, UniCesumar, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giani Andrea Linde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nelson Barros Colauto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Zilda Cristiani Gazim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
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15
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Xie J, Liao B, Tang RY. Functional Application of Sulfur-Containing Spice Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12505-12526. [PMID: 33138361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing spice compounds possess diverse biological functions and play an important role in food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. The development of functional spices has become increasingly popular, especially for medicinal functions for dietary health. Thus, this review focuses on the properties and functions of sulfur-containing spice compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer, antibacterial, and insecticidal functions, among others. Developments over the last five years concerning the properties of sulfur-containing spice compounds are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Benjian Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ri-Yuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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16
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S-methyl-L-cysteine Protects against Antimycin A-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neural Cells via Mimicking Endogenous Methionine-centered Redox Cycle. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:422-433. [PMID: 32681247 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial superoxide overproduction is believed to be responsible for the neurotoxicity associated with neurodegeneration. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, such as MitoQ, have emerged as potentially effective antioxidant therapies. Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is a key mitochondrial-localized endogenous antioxidative enzyme and it can scavenge oxidizing species by catalyzing the methionine (Met)-centered redox cycle (MCRC). In this study, we observed that the natural L-Met acted as a good scavenger for antimycin A-induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in PC12 cells. This antioxidation was largely dependent on the Met oxidase activity of MsrA. S-methyl-L-cysteine (SMLC), a natural analogue of Met that is abundantly found in garlic and cabbage, could activate the Met oxidase activity of MsrA to scavenge free radicals. Furthermore, SMLC protected against antimycin A-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and alleviated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced neurotoxicity. Thus, our data highlighted the possibility for SMLC supplement in the detoxication of mitochondrial damage by activating the Met oxidase activity of MsrA.
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17
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Qiu W, Chen X, Tian Y, Wu D, Du M, Wang S. Protection against oxidative stress and anti-aging effect in Drosophila of royal jelly-collagen peptide. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Measuring lifespan of the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans, in a 96-well format enables the screening of large chemical libraries to identify biologically active molecules. Furthermore, the wide availability of these animals with specific genetic mutations allows the identification of genes that influence lifespan, and by extension, age-related biological pathways. Here, we present a method for measuring the lifespan of C. elegans in 96-well microtiter plates to identify and study pharmacologically active molecules that extend lifespan. The format of this assay is readily adapted for automated liquid handling systems and imaging of phenotypes.
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19
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Mitochondrial Perturbations Couple mTORC2 to Autophagy in C. elegans. Cell Rep 2019; 29:1399-1409.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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20
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Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases of Archaea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7100124. [PMID: 30241308 PMCID: PMC6211008 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductases are found in all domains of life and are important in reversing the oxidative damage of the free and protein forms of methionine, a sulfur containing amino acid particularly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Archaea are microbes of a domain of life distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes. Archaea are well known for their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions that range from habitats of high ROS, such as hypersaline lakes of intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation and desiccation, to hydrothermal vents of low concentrations of dissolved oxygen at high temperature. Recent evidence reveals the methionine sulfoxide reductases of archaea function not only in the reduction of methionine sulfoxide but also in the ubiquitin-like modification of protein targets during oxidative stress, an association that appears evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. Here is reviewed methionine sulfoxide reductases and their distribution and function in archaea.
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21
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Denzel MS, Lapierre LR, Mack HID. Emerging topics in C. elegans aging research: Transcriptional regulation, stress response and epigenetics. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 177:4-21. [PMID: 30134144 PMCID: PMC6696993 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Key discoveries in aging research have been made possible with the use of model organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans is a short-lived nematode that has become a well-established system to study aging. The practicality and powerful genetic manipulations associated with this metazoan have revolutionized our ability to understand how organisms age. 25 years after the publication of the discovery of the daf-2 gene as a genetic modifier of lifespan, C. elegans remains as relevant as ever in the quest to understand the process of aging. Nematode aging research has proven useful in identifying transcriptional regulators, small molecule signals, cellular mechanisms, epigenetic modifications associated with stress resistance and longevity, and lifespan-extending compounds. Here, we review recent discoveries and selected topics that have emerged in aging research using this incredible little worm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Denzel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Louis R Lapierre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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