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Hogan LM, Cox WM. Evaluating Two Brief Motivational Interventions for Excessive-Drinking University Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:381. [PMID: 38785872 PMCID: PMC11118400 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two brief computerized motivational interventions for excessive-drinking university students were evaluated. METHOD Participants (N = 88, females = 61.5%, mean age = 21.05 years) were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two experimental groups: Computerized Brief Intervention (CBI) or Computerized Brief Intervention-Enhanced (CBI-E). CBI followed the principles of Motivational Interviewing to motivate participants to change their drinking behavior. CBI-E additionally used the principles of Systematic Motivational Counseling to identify and discuss with participants their dysfunctional motivational patterns that were interfering with their attainment of emotional satisfaction. At baseline and a three-month follow-up, the participants completed a battery of measures of alcohol consumption and related problems. RESULTS At baseline, the participants were confirmed to be heavy drinkers with many drink-related negative consequences. Males and females responded differently to the interventions. During follow-up, males' alcohol use was ordered: CBI-E < CBI < Controls. The females in all three groups reduced their alcohol use, but there were no significant group differences. CONCLUSIONS Males responded to the interventions as expected. For females, the assessment itself seemed to serve as an effective intervention, and there were no post-intervention differences among the three groups. Suggestions for future research using CBI and CBI-E are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee M. Hogan
- North Wales Clinical Psychology Programme, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK
- Substance Misuse Services, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl LL18 3EY, UK
| | - W. Miles Cox
- School of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK;
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Sauton P, Jeanblanc J, Benzerouk F, Gierski F, Naassila M. Sex-specific decision-making impairments and striatal dopaminergic changes after binge drinking history in rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1076465. [PMID: 36726581 PMCID: PMC9885167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1076465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD) is a harmful behavior for health and is a predictive factor for the development of alcohol addiction. Weak decision-making (DM) capacities could play a role in the vulnerability to BD which in turn would lead to DM impairments, thus perpetuating BD. Longitudinal preclinical studies are however lacking and necessary to understand this complex relationship. Both DM and BD are influenced by sex and involve dopamine release in the core of the nucleus accumbens, a central mechanism regulated by dopamine D2/3 autoreceptors. In this context, we used an operant self-administration procedure of BD in male and female rats, and longitudinally assessed DM capacity, memory and anxiety-like behavior. To better understand the mechanisms potentially involved in the relationship between DM and BD, ex vivo dopamine transmission was assessed short term after the end of the binge exposure in the core of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) using the fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) technique and the D2/3 agonist quinpirole. We found important basal sex differences in DM, with female rats showing better performances at baseline. Choice processes were impaired exclusively in males after BD history, associated with a decrease in impulse control in both sexes, while memory and anxiety-like behavior were not affected. Our neurobiological results demonstrate that BD did not affect basal dopamine signaling in the NAc core, regardless of the sex, but reveal changes in the sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of quinpirole in females. DM impairments were neither associated with changes in basal dopamine signaling nor pre-synaptic D2 activity. Overall, our findings show that BD affects both DM processes and dopamine transmission in the core of the NAc in a sex-related manner, further suggesting that these effects may play a role in the vicious cycle leading to BD perpetuation and the early onset of AUD. Our results may inform novel strategies for therapeutic and prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Sauton
- INSERM UMR 1247—Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France
| | - Jerome Jeanblanc
- INSERM UMR 1247—Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- INSERM UMR 1247—Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France,Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S, EA6291), Reims, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- INSERM UMR 1247—Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France,Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S, EA6291), Reims, France
| | - Mickael Naassila
- INSERM UMR 1247—Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France,*Correspondence: Mickael Naassila,
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Garcia M, Rouchy E, Michel G. Temperament and character profiles of adolescent participants in the choking game. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:475-479. [PMID: 36109289 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of personality traits in self-asphyxial behaviors remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore temperament and character profiles of youth reporting participation in the choking game using Cloninger's biopsychosocial model of personality. METHODS Data were collected among French middle-school students (N=1771) aged 9-16 years (mean age=13.0, SD=1.3) and randomly selected from 13 public establishments located in different regions of France. Logistic regression models were run to identify Cloninger's temperamental and character dimensions associated with engagement in the choking game. RESULTS Descriptive analysis revealed that participants showed high scores of novelty-seeking (Cohen's d=0.293, p<0.001) and low levels of cooperativeness (Cohen's d=0.182, p<0.01), persistence (Cohen's d=0.182, p<0.05), and reward dependence (Cohen's d=0.241, p<0.01). However, multivariate modeling indicated that only the novelty-seeking dimension tended to slightly differentiate participants from non-participants within the global sample (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1-1.06). When we compared girls and boys, we found a slight trend in association only in boys (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1-1.08). CONCLUSIONS Our study, which contributes to the growing literature on the psychological correlates of choking activities and is the first to investigate the potential predictive role of personality traits in this risky behavior, suggests to some extent that (a) the choking game could possibly be influenced by some temperamental characteristics, and that (b) it might not have the same function according to the gender considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia
- Institut de Sciences Criminelles et de la Justice (ISCJ), University of Bordeaux, France; Department of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, France.
| | - E Rouchy
- Institut de Sciences Criminelles et de la Justice (ISCJ), University of Bordeaux, France; Department of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - G Michel
- Institut de Sciences Criminelles et de la Justice (ISCJ), University of Bordeaux, France; Department of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, France
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4
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Maurage P, Lannoy S, Mange J, Grynberg D, Beaunieux H, Banovic I, Gierski F, Naassila M. What We Talk About When We Talk About Binge Drinking: Towards an Integrated Conceptualization and Evaluation. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 55:468-479. [PMID: 32556202 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Binge drinking (BD), characterized by recurring alternations between intense intoxication episodes and abstinence periods, is the most frequent alcohol consumption pattern in youth and is growing in prevalence among older adults. Many studies have underlined the specific harmful impact of this habit by showing impaired abilities in a wide range of cognitive functions among binge drinkers, as well as modifications of brain structure and function. AIMS Several controversies and inconsistencies currently hamper the harmonious development of the field and the recognition of BD as a specific alcohol consumption pattern. The main concern is the absence of consensual BD conceptualization, leading to variability in experimental group selection and alcohol consumption evaluation. The present paper aims at overcoming this key issue through a two-step approach. METHODS AND CONCLUSIONS First, a literature review allows proposing an integrated BD conceptualization, distinguishing it from other subclinical alcohol consumption patterns. Six specific characteristics of BD are identified, namely, (1) the presence of physiological symptoms related to BD episodes, (2) the presence of psychological symptoms related to BD episodes, (3) the ratio of BD episodes compared to all alcohol drinking occasions, (4) the frequency of BD episodes, (5) the consumption speed and (6) the alternation between BD episodes and soberness periods. Second, capitalizing on this conceptual clarification, we propose an evaluation protocol jointly measuring these six BD characteristics. Finally, several research perspectives are presented to refine the proposed conceptualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Mange
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Caen Normandie (LPCN; EA 7452), University of Caen Normandy, Caen 14032, France
| | - Delphine Grynberg
- SCALab UMR 9193, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, University of Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75231, France
| | - Hélène Beaunieux
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Caen Normandie (LPCN; EA 7452), University of Caen Normandy, Caen 14032, France
| | - Ingrid Banovic
- CRFDP EA 7475, University of Rouen Normandie, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition, Health, Society Laboratory (C2S-EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), Reims 51571, France.,INSERM UMR 1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, GRAP, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens 80025, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- INSERM UMR 1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, GRAP, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens 80025, France
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5
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Grall-Bronnec M, Guillou-Landreat M, Caillon J, Dubertret C, Romo L, Codina I, Chereau-Boudet I, Lancon C, Auriacombe M, Hardouin JB, Challet-Bouju G. Five-year follow-up on a sample of gamblers: predictive factors of relapse. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:42-54. [PMID: 33793415 PMCID: PMC8969856 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Few studies have been conducted on the long-term evolution of gambling disorder (GD). The aim of this study was to identify factors that could predict GD relapse. METHODS Data were part of a dataset from a large 5-year cohort of gamblers who were assessed at inclusion and each year thereafter. Participants were recruited from an outpatient addiction treatment center, from various gambling places and through the press. For this specific study, inclusion criteria included (i) transitioning from GD to recovery at a follow-up time and (ii) undergoing at least one follow-up visit afterwards. Participants were evaluated using a structured clinical interview and self-report questionnaires assessing sociodemographic, gambling and clinical characteristics. "Relapse" was defined as the presence of GD (according to the DSM-5) at the N+1th visit following the absence of GD at the Nth visit. A Markov model-based approach was employed to examine predictive factors associated with relapse at a subsequent follow-up visit. RESULTS The sample consisted of 87 participants, aged 47.6 years (sd = 12.6), who were predominantly male (65%). Among the participants, 49 remained in recovery, whereas 38 relapsed. Participants who reported not having experienced at least one month of abstinence and those with a low level of self-directedness at the previous follow-up visit were more likely to relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the existence of factors that are predictive of relapse in individuals with GD who had previously achieved recovery. These results can inspire the development of measures to promote long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Morgane Guillou-Landreat
- Department of Addictology, CHU Brest, Brest, France,Université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR1266, Université de Paris, Team 1, Paris, France,Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris Nanterre, EA 4430 CLIPSYD, Nanterre, France,CMME, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM U1266, Paris, France
| | - Irène Codina
- Marmottan Medical Center, GPS Perray-Vaucluse, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Lancon
- Centre d'études et de recherches sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Auriacombe
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France,Addiction Team, Sleep Addiction and Neuropsychiatry Laboratory (SANPSY), CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France,Pôle Addictologie, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jean-Benoit Hardouin
- Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France,Methodology and Biostatistic Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France
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6
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Lannoy S, Duka T, Carbia C, Billieux J, Fontesse S, Dormal V, Gierski F, López-Caneda E, Sullivan EV, Maurage P. Emotional processes in binge drinking: A systematic review and perspective. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 84:101971. [PMID: 33497920 PMCID: PMC8275688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking is a widespread alcohol consumption pattern commonly engaged by youth. Here, we present the first systematic review of emotional processes in relation to binge drinking. Capitalizing on a theoretical model describing three emotional processing steps (emotional appraisal/identification, emotional response, emotional regulation) and following PRISMA guidelines, we considered all identified human studies exploring emotional abilities among binge drinkers. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and PsychINFO, and a standardized methodological quality assessment was performed for each study. The main findings offered by the 43 studies included are: 1) regarding emotional appraisal/identification, binge drinking is related to heightened negative emotional states, including greater severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and have difficulties in recognizing emotional cues expressed by others; 2) regarding emotional response, binge drinkers exhibit diminished emotional response compared with non-binge drinkers; 3) regarding emotional regulation, no experimental data currently support impaired emotion regulation in binge drinking. Variability in the identification and measurement of binge drinking habits across studies limits conclusions. Nevertheless, current findings establish the relevance of emotional processes in binge drinking and set the stage for new research perspectives to identify the nature and extent of emotional impairments in the onset and maintenance of excessive alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, USA; Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Theodora Duka
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK; Sussex Addiction and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Carina Carbia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sullivan Fontesse
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Dormal
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Psychiatry and Addictology Departments, CHU de Reims & EPSM Marne, Reims, France
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus, Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Skala K. Jugend und Alkohol. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE 2020; 34:164-170. [PMID: 33118128 PMCID: PMC7732799 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-020-00365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Artikel wird auf die Rolle von Alkohol in unserer Gesellschaft sowie auf dessen Bedeutung für Jugendliche eingegangen. Spezifika der Wechselwirkung von Alkohol und dem adoleszenten Gehirn werden erläutert und die epidemiologische Entwicklung des Alkoholkonsums bei österreichischen Minderjährigen beschrieben. Es werden darüber hinaus relevanteRisiken für problematische Konsummuster und mögliche Wege zur Prävention erörtert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Skala
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Wien, Österreich.
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Wood EK, Kruger R, Cash E, Lindell SG, Schwandt ML, Barr CS, Suomi SJ, Higley JD. Early life temperamental anxiety is associated with excessive alcohol intake in adolescence: A rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) model. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12825. [PMID: 31670432 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Teenage alcohol abuse is a major health concern, particularly because the majority of alcohol consumed by teenagers is via binge drinking, a known risk factor for increasing the likelihood for the development of future alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Identifying individuals at risk for excessive alcohol intake in adolescence is a step toward developing effective preventative measures and intervention programs. As adults with AUDs tend to self-medicate their anxiety with alcohol, this longitudinal study assesses the role of infant anxiety-like temperament in the development of adolescent alcohol abuse using a nonhuman primate model. From birth until they were 5 months of age, behaviors of 64 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were coded twice a week using an objective mother-infant scoring system that included behaviors traditionally used to assess anxiety and fearfulness in rhesus monkeys. When subjects were four months old, plasma cortisol was obtained. When subjects were adolescents (Mage = 44.88 months), another plasma cortisol sample was obtained about one month prior to allowing them unfettered access to an 8.4% (v/v) aspartame-sweetened alcohol solution for one hour a day over five-to-seven weeks. Results showed that behavioral indications of anxiety-like temperament in infancy, including high levels of mother-infant mutual ventral contact, low levels of environmental exploration, and low levels of interactions with peers were predictive of high adolescent alcohol intake (ie, drinking to intoxication). Plasma cortisol levels in infancy were positively correlated with plasma cortisol in adolescence, and both were positively correlated with high adolescent alcohol intake. Our findings indicate that high levels of traditional anxiety-like behaviors measured in the context of mother-infant interactions, coupled with high infant and adolescent plasma cortisol, are associated with binge-like high alcohol intake in adolescence, suggesting that individuals at risk for developing an AUD later in life may be determined, at least in part, by assessing their physiological and behavioral propensity for anxiety early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. Wood
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Ryno Kruger
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Elysha Cash
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Stephen G. Lindell
- Section of Comparative Behavioral Genomics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Rockville Maryland 20852 USA
- Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Bethesda Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Melanie L. Schwandt
- Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Bethesda Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Christina S. Barr
- Section of Comparative Behavioral Genomics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Rockville Maryland 20852 USA
- Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Bethesda Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Stephen J. Suomi
- Section of Comparative Ethology Eunice Shriver Kennedy National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH Poolesville Maryland 20837 USA
| | - J. Dee Higley
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
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9
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Lannoy S, Mange J, Leconte P, Ritz L, Gierski F, Maurage P, Beaunieux H. Distinct psychological profiles among college students with substance use: A cluster analytic approach. Addict Behav 2020; 109:106477. [PMID: 32485549 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Substance use in youth is a central public health concern, related to deleterious consequences at psychological, social, and cognitive/cerebral levels. Previous research has identified impulsivity and consumption motives as key factors in the emergence of excessive substance use among college students. However, most studies have focused on a specific substance and have considered this population as a unitary group, ignoring the potential heterogeneity in psychological profiles. We used a cluster analytic approach to explore the heterogeneity in a large sample (N = 2741) of substance users (i.e., tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine, heroin) on impulsivity and consumption motives. We identified four clusters: The first two clusters, associated with good self-esteem, low anxiety, and moderate substance use, were respectively characterized by low impulsivity and consumption motives (Cluster 1) and by high social and enhancement motives without marked impulsivity (Cluster 2). The two other clusters were conversely related to low self-esteem and high anxiety, and characterized by high consumption motives (particularly conformity) together with elevated urgency (Cluster 3) and by globally increased impulsivity and consumption motives (Cluster 4). These two clusters were also associated with higher substance use. These results highlight the existence of distinct psychological profiles of substance users and underline the need to develop targeted prevention and intervention programs (e.g., focusing on the specific impulsivity facets and consumption motives presented by each subgroup). Based on these findings, we also suggest extending the exploration of distinct profiles of substance users by targeting other psychological variables (e.g., self-esteem).
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10
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Elleuch S, Sellami R, Hentati S, Masmoudi R, Hentati S, Feki I, Masmoudi J. [Temperament and alcoholic behavior in medical students]. Encephale 2020; 47:107-113. [PMID: 32921497 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Tunisian medical student population is very heterogeneous. This heterogeneity is based among other things on temperamental differences between different students and their behavior and strategies to cope with the requirements and constraints of medical studies. We conducted this study aiming: to determine the prevalence of alcohol use in a student population at Sfax Medical School and to evaluate the factors associated with this use; to study the relationship between affective temperament and alcohol consumption among medical students. METHODS We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in the form of a survey between July 2018 and January 2019 among students (aged between 19 and 30) recruited from the University of Medicine of Sfax during their internship in the psychiatric department "A" at CHU HédiChaker of Sfax. We used a pre-established survey sheet based on data from the substance use and affective temperament literature in medical students that was completed by the participants after obtaining their consent and having explained the anonymity and confidentiality of the questionnaire. This sheet included a section on student sociodemographic characteristics, a second part describing the history and characteristics of alcohol consumption and the evaluation of alcohol consumption through the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and a third part for temperament evaluation by TIME-A, and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa Paris and San Diego Auto-questionnaire. RESULTS We recruited 136 students with an average age of 21.63 years (SD 2 years) and a sex ratio (H/F) of 0.66. Alcohol consumption was observed among 19.8 % of students surveyed, 19.1 % of whom were occasional consumers. The mean age of onset of alcohol consumption was 18.48 years (SD 1.76 years). All consumer students had started using alcohol with their friends. The desired effect was euphoric in 74 % of cases, sleeping for 14.8 % of them. Among consumers, the average score at AUDIT was 6.44 (SD 5.3). Among them 70.4 % had a risk-free consumption (score of 8 or less); 14.8% were at risk (score 9-12) and 11.1 % were likely alcohol dependent (score>12). The evaluation of affective temperament according to TIME-A showed that the cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperament scores were the highest among the students (respectively 5.5 and 4). The analytical study showed that alcohol dependence was significantly more common among male students (p=0.048). Alcohol use was significantly more common among students who smoke (p<0.001) and those who consume cannabis (p<0.001). The bivariate correlation showed that more students had a high score of depressive temperaments (r=0.18, p=0.032), irritable (r=0.2, P=0.018) and hyperthymic (r=0.27, p=0.001). The higher their scores on the AUDIT scale, the more alcohol-dependent they were. CONCLUSION The implementation of preventive measures is an obvious emergency. In the same way, taking into account the difference in affective temperaments in this very particular population could have a grandiose importance and an interesting impact both in the screening and in the care of these students.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Elleuch
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie.
| | - R Sellami
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - S Hentati
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - R Masmoudi
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - S Hentati
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - I Feki
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - J Masmoudi
- Service de psychiatrie « A », CHU d'Hédi-Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal was to review recent (1/2015-2/2020) evidence of impulsivity as a feature of substance use disorders or use of substances (alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, opioids, stimulants) in males compared to females in terms of: a) impulsivity in substance-using groups (or substance-using compared to control groups), and b) relationship between impulsivity and substance use behavior, clinical severity, or treatment outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Of 361 papers identified by the searches, 69 met inclusion criteria, and 39 were highlighted for considering sex/gender in relation to impulsivity in substance-using populations. Taken together, findings supported higher impulsivity in males and females who use substances, relative to controls; and higher impulsivity was linked with more substance use/severity in both sex/genders. There were mixed findings regarding male versus female differences in impulsivity among individuals who use substances, or in the magnitude of the relationship between impulsivity and substance use severity. SUMMARY The current body of evidence does not point to a consistent sex/gender difference in the role of impulsivity within and across substance use disorders. Impulsivity is a clinically-relevant construct for male and female individuals who use substances, across a range of substances.
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12
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Grandjean J, Duque J. A TMS study of preparatory suppression in binge drinkers. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102383. [PMID: 32828028 PMCID: PMC7451449 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Binge drinking consists in a pattern of consumption characterised by the repeated alternation between massive alcohol intakes and abstinence periods. A continuum hypothesis suggests that this drinking endeavour represents an early stage of alcohol dependence rather than a separate phenomenon. Among the variety of alterations in alcohol-dependent individuals (ADIs), one has to do with the motor system, which does not show a normal pattern of activity during action preparation. In healthy controls (HCs), motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over primary motor cortex (M1) show both facilitation and suppression effects, depending on the time and setting of TMS during action preparation. A recent study focusing on the suppression component revealed that this aspect of preparatory activity is abnormally weak in ADIs and that this defect scales with the risk of relapse. In the present study, we tested whether binge drinkers (BDs) present a similar deficit. To do so, we recorded MEPs in a set of hand muscles applying TMS in 20 BDs and in 20 matched HCs while they were preparing index finger responses in an instructed-delay choice reaction time task. Consistent with past research, the MEP data in HCs revealed a strong MEP suppression in this task. This effect was evident in all hand muscles, regardless of whether they were relevant or irrelevant in the task. BDs also showed some preparatory suppression, yet this effect was less consistent, especially in the prime mover of the responding hand. These findings suggest abnormal preparatory activity in BDs, similar to alcohol-dependent patients, though some of the current results also raise new questions regarding the significance of these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Grandjean
- CoActions Lab, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Julie Duque
- CoActions Lab, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Kaminskaite M, Pranckeviciene A, Bunevicius A, Janaviciute J, Jokubonis D, Plioplyte A, Lelyte I, Sinkariova L, Jokubka R. Validation of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale in Lithuanian population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:276. [PMID: 32787865 PMCID: PMC7425129 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Personality traits are related with risk of hazardous alcohol use and alcohol dependence. The Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) measures personality traits associated with addictive substance abuse. We examined psychometric properties of the SURPS in Lithuanian population. Materials and methods Two hundred forty-seven participants (mean age 37.22 ± 0.78 years), were recruited from the local community and from an inpatient addiction treatment centre. Internal consistency, stability, factor structure, content validity, and external validity of the SURPS were examined. Hazardous alcohol use was evaluated by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Alcohol dependence diagnosis was established by International Classification of Diseases - 10 (ICD - 10). We also performed gender analyses for associations of personality traits with alcohol dependence and hazardous use of alcohol. Results The SURPS scale demonstrated appropriate internal validity, good temporal stability, and adequate criterion validity and construct validity. The SURPS scores of hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity and impulsivity were higher in the alcohol dependence group than in the control group for both males and females. Impulsivity and sensation seeking were associated with hazardous alcohol use and these associations were more prevalent in females. Conclusions Lithuanian translation of the SURPS scale was appropriate. The SURPS demonstrated good sensitivity for discriminating on alcohol dependence and was more sensitive for discriminating on hazardous alcohol use for females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migle Kaminskaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Aiste Pranckeviciene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Adomas Bunevicius
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Darius Jokubonis
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Republican Centre for Addictive Disorders, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aistė Plioplyte
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Inesa Lelyte
- Department of Psychology, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Liuda Sinkariova
- Department of Psychology, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Jokubka
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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14
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Bollen Z, Masson N, Salvaggio S, D'Hondt F, Maurage P. Craving is everything: An eye-tracking exploration of attentional bias in binge drinking. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:636-647. [PMID: 32202459 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120913131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attentional bias towards alcohol-related stimuli is a core characteristic of severe alcohol use disorders (AUD), directly linked to clinical variables (e.g. alcohol consumption, relapse). Nevertheless, the extent of this bias in subclinical populations remains poorly documented. This is particularly true for binge drinking, an alcohol consumption pattern highly prevalent in youth, characterised by an alternation between excessive intakes and withdrawal periods. AIMS We used eye-tracking to: (a) measure attentional bias in binge drinking, (b) determine its time course by dissociating early/late processing stages, (c) clarify its specificity for alcohol-related stimuli compared to other appetitive stimulations and (d) explore its modulation by current craving intensity. METHODS Binge drinkers (n=42) and matched controls (n=43) performed a visual probe task, requiring visual targets preceded by pairs of pictures to be processed, with three conditions (i.e. alcohol vs. soft drink, alcohol vs. high-calorie food, high-calorie food vs. low-calorie food). RESULTS No group difference was observed for early processing (i.e. first area of interest visited). Dwell times highlighted a bias towards soft drinks and healthy food among controls, without any global bias towards alcohol in binge drinkers. Centrally, a comparison of binge drinkers with low versus high current craving intensity indicated that binge drinking was associated with a bias towards alcohol and high-calorie food only in the presence of a high craving towards these stimuli. CONCLUSION Attentional bias towards alcohol reported in severe AUD is only found in binge drinkers in the presence of high craving and is generalised to other appetitive cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Bollen
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Masson
- Numerical Cognition Group, Psychological Science Research Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Samuel Salvaggio
- Numerical Cognition Group, Psychological Science Research Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, Lille, France.,Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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15
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Gierski F, De Wever E, Benzerouk F, Lannoy S, Kaladjian A, Naassila M, Quaglino V. Disentangling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Problematic Alcohol Use Among College Students: Evidence From a Cluster Analytic Approach. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 55:196-203. [PMID: 31845969 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Investigation of the relationship between self-esteem and alcohol use among college students has yielded discrepant results. We hypothesized that these discrepancies could originate from a potential heterogeneity of self-esteem patterns among young adult with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). METHODS A community sample of 343 college students was recruited and categorized with or without AUD using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test cut-offs. College students were compared on the dimensions of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) as well as mood, impulsiveness, alcohol- and other substance-related measures, including drinking motives. RESULTS A cluster analysis conducted among college students with AUD highlighted two subgroups characterized by contrasting patterns on the CSEI: one group with a high level of self-esteem and low levels of anxiety and depression symptoms and one group with a low level of self-esteem and high levels of impulsiveness, mood symptoms and drinking to cope motives. CONCLUSION Findings caution against assuming that AUD is associated with low self-esteem, as reported in previous studies. These results rather emphasize a heterogeneity of self-esteem in college students, showing that high self-esteem was also related to AUD. Implications of these results are major for prevention purposes and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Gierski
- Laboratoire Cognition Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51096 Reims Cedex, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale de la Marne, 8 rue Roger Aubry, 51100 Reims, France.,INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Elodie De Wever
- Laboratoire CRP-CPO (EA7273), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Laboratoire Cognition Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51096 Reims Cedex, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale de la Marne, 8 rue Roger Aubry, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Laboratoire Cognition Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51096 Reims Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Psychopathologie Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain, Place du Cardinal Mercier, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Laboratoire Cognition Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51096 Reims Cedex, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale de la Marne, 8 rue Roger Aubry, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Véronique Quaglino
- Laboratoire CRP-CPO (EA7273), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France
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16
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Herman AM, Duka T. The Role of Impulsivity Facets on the Incidence and Development of Alcohol Use Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 47:197-221. [PMID: 32474898 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association 2013), "by a cluster of behavioural and physical symptoms, which can include, withdrawal, tolerance and craving". Social, emotional, behavioural and cognitive factors are important contributors to AUD. Impulsivity, a multifaceted behavioural concept, defined as a predisposition for rapid and unplanned actions, without considering potential negative consequences of these actions, represents an important such factor. In this chapter, research on the role of distinct impulsivity dimensions in different severity stages of alcohol use is presented.Increased self-reported (trait) impulsivity and an inability to wait, as well as difficulty to adjust behaviour appropriately following a failure to withhold a response are observed across the spectrum of alcohol-use severities. Research on temporal impulsivity (inability to delay gratification) consistently shows deficits in more severe alcohol users. Data on temporal impulsivity in early stages of alcohol use are less consistent, with some studies showing no differences between high and moderate drinkers, while others indicating increased impulsivity in high alcohol users. Data on reflexion impulsivity are currently limited to draw conclusions. Recent research is also presented suggesting the importance of perception and interpretation of physiological and emotional signals on alcohol use behaviour highlighting the necessity of comprehensive integration of the field of the study of emotion and interoception with impulsivity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Herman
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.,School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Theodora Duka
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK. .,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.
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17
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Wood EK, Champoux M, Lindell SG, Barr CS, Suomi SJ, Higley JD. Neonatal temperament and neuromotor differences are predictive of adolescent alcohol intake in rhesus monkeys (
Macaca mulatta
). Am J Primatol 2019; 82:e23043. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maribeth Champoux
- Center for Scientific Review, Division of AIDS, Behavior and Population Sciences NIH Bethesda Maryland
| | - Stephen G. Lindell
- Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Bethesda Maryland
- Section of Comparative Behavioral Genomics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Rockville Maryland
| | - Christina S. Barr
- Laboratory of Clinical Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Bethesda Maryland
- Section of Comparative Behavioral Genomics National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH Rockville Maryland
| | - Stephen J. Suomi
- Section of Comparative Ethology Eunice Shriver Kennedy National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH Poolesville Maryland
| | - J. Dee Higley
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo Utah
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18
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Lannoy S, Benzerouk F, Maurage P, Barrière S, Billieux J, Naassila M, Kaladjian A, Gierski F. Disrupted Fear and Sadness Recognition in Binge Drinking: A Combined Group and Individual Analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1978-1985. [PMID: 31329296 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking is a harmful pattern of alcohol consumption, associated with cognitive and cerebral impairments. Indeed, various cognitive processes have been identified as disrupted in binge drinking, ranging from perceptive to executive functions, but emotional processes have conversely been little investigated. Particularly, it is unclear to what extent binge drinkers (BD) present difficulties to recognize and categorize the emotions expressed by other individuals. Such an exploration would, however, offer a more comprehensive view of the deficits associated with alcohol-related disorders and potentially involved in the maintenance of this harmful habit. METHODS Fifty-two BD and 42 control participants performed an emotional task assessing the ability to recognize 6 basic emotions (i.e., anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness). Accuracy score and detection threshold were collected for each emotion. To explore the extent of emotion recognition difficulties, 2 analyses were conducted: (i) classical repeated measures analyses of variance, to compare groups' performance, and (ii) multiple single-case analyses (i.e., Crawford's t-tests), to determine the percentage of BD presenting genuine emotion recognition deficits. Correlations were also performed between alcohol consumption characteristics and emotional recognition scores. RESULTS BD presented reduced performance for the recognition of fear and sadness. Multiple single cases highlighted that these deficits respectively concerned 21.15 and 15.38% of the binge drinking sample, and the relation between binge drinking and reduced sadness detection was supported by correlational analyses. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that binge drinking is associated with a disrupted processing of emotional stimuli. By identifying heterogeneity in the impairments presented by BD, the present results also underline the usefulness of a combined group and individual Analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sarah Barrière
- EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviour Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France.,INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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19
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Jeanblanc J, Sauton P, Jeanblanc V, Legastelois R, Echeverry‐Alzate V, Lebourgeois S, Gonzalez‐Marin M, Naassila M. Face validity of a pre-clinical model of operant binge drinking: just a question of speed. Addict Biol 2019; 24:664-675. [PMID: 29863763 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD) is often defined as a large amount of alcohol consumed in a 'short' period of time or 'per occasion'. In clinical research, few researchers have included the notion of 'speed of drinking' in the definition of BD. Here, we aimed to describe a novel pre-clinical model based on voluntary operant BD, which included both the quantity of alcohol and the rapidity of consumption. In adult Long-Evans male rats, we induced BD by regularly decreasing the duration of ethanol self-administration from 1-hour to 15-minute sessions. We compared the behavioral consequences of BD with the behaviors of rats subjected to moderate drinking or heavy drinking (HD). We found that, despite high ethanol consumption levels (1.2 g/kg/15 minutes), the total amounts consumed were insufficient to differentiate HD from BD. However, consumption speed could distinguish between these groups. The motivation to consume was higher in BD than in HD rats. After BD, we observed alterations in locomotor coordination in rats that consumed greater than 0.8 g/kg, which was rarely observed in HD rats. Finally, chronic BD led to worse performance in a decision-making task, and as expected, we observed a lower stimulated dopaminergic release within nucleus accumbens slices in poor decision makers. Our BD model exhibited good face validity and can now provide animals voluntarily consuming very rapidly enough alcohol to achieve intoxication levels and thus allowing the study of the complex interaction between individual and environmental factors underlying BD behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Jeanblanc
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Pierre Sauton
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | | | - Rémi Legastelois
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Victor Echeverry‐Alzate
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Sophie Lebourgeois
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Maria Gonzalez‐Marin
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences–INSERM U1247University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
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20
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Lannoy S, Billieux J, Dormal V, Maurage P. Behavioral and Cerebral Impairments Associated with Binge Drinking in Youth: A Critical Review. Psychol Belg 2019; 59:116-155. [PMID: 31328014 PMCID: PMC6625552 DOI: 10.5334/pb.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is a widespread alcohol consumption pattern in youth that is linked to important behavioral and cerebral impairments, in both the short and the long term. From a critical review of the current literature on this topic, we conclude that binge drinkers display executive impairments, cerebral modifications, and problems with emotion-related processes. Five key empirical and theoretical topics are discussed to pave the way for future research in the field: (1) the specificity of the brain modifications observed in binge drinkers that may index a compensatory mechanism or result from multiple withdrawals; (2) the nature of the relationship between binge drinking and impairments, suggesting reciprocal influences between excessive alcohol consumption and executive deficits; (3) the possible recovery of brain and cognitive functioning after the cessation of binge drinking; (4) the validity of the continuum hypothesis, suggesting links between binge drinking and severe alcohol use disorders; and (5) the existing strategies to reduce binge drinking habits or rehabilitate the associated cognitive deficits. Future perspectives are described in relation to the questions raised to identify the crucial variables to be addressed in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health Society Laboratory (C2S – EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, FR
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, LU
| | - Valérie Dormal
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
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21
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Martinetti MP, Caughron RL, Berman HL, André J, Sokolowski MBC, Wiley S, Naassila M. The Behavioral Economics of Alcohol Demand in French and American University Students. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:531-544. [PMID: 30730582 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral economic approaches have revealed several characteristics of alcohol demand (e.g., intensity, elasticity, and essential value) in university students; however, these approaches have not yet examined alcohol demand among students outside of the United States. The current study examined alcohol demand among student samples in the United States and France using a hypothetical alcohol purchase task (APT) and a novel APT Choice task, in which nonalcoholic beverages were concurrently available at a fixed low price. METHODS Participants at each site (United States, n = 132; France, n = 132) were asked to complete an Internet-based survey including the APT, APT Choice, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Daily Drinking Questionnaire, and Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised Short Form. Group demand functions were produced for each of the 2 samples in both country-specific and standardized drink units, and the exponential demand equation was fitted to each of the APT and APT Choice demand curves. Slope analyses were performed on the Non-Alcoholic Cross-Price demand to assess substitutability. RESULTS APT data revealed that in both samples, alcohol price and consumption were inversely related and demand measures were significantly associated with other alcohol measures. In addition, the availability of a nonalcoholic alternative reduced alcohol demand in both samples, with evidence of substitutability revealed by increases in cross-price consumption. CONCLUSIONS Low-cost alcohol is associated with increased alcohol consumption in both French and U.S. university students, and concurrent availability of a nonalcoholic beverage within the APT both reduces alcohol demand and demonstrates behavioral economic substitutability. These findings will inform future studies investigating behavioral and environmental factors underlying transcultural differences and specific prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret P Martinetti
- Department of Psychology , The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey.,GRAP , Groupe de Recherche sur l'Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé (CURS), INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie - Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Rebecca L Caughron
- Department of Psychology , The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey.,Department of Psychology , West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Hanna L Berman
- Department of Psychology , The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey.,College of Veterinary Medicine (HLB), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Judith André
- GRAP , Groupe de Recherche sur l'Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé (CURS), INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie - Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Michel B C Sokolowski
- Department of Psychology , Université de Picardie - Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Shaun Wiley
- Department of Psychology , The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- GRAP , Groupe de Recherche sur l'Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé (CURS), INSERM U1247, Université de Picardie - Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex 1, France
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22
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Granja GL, Lacerda-Santos JT, Brilhante DDM, Nóbrega ÍDS, Granville-Garcia AF, Caldas Junior ADF, dos Santos JA. Smoking and alcohol consumption among university students of the healthcare area. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-018-01011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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González-Marín MC, Lebourgeois S, Jeanblanc J, Diouf M, Naassila M. Evaluation of alcohol use disorders pharmacotherapies in a new preclinical model of binge drinking. Neuropharmacology 2018; 140:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Bases neurobiologiques de l’addiction à l’alcool. Presse Med 2018; 47:554-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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25
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Animal models of binge drinking, current challenges to improve face validity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 106:112-121. [PMID: 29738795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD), i.e., consuming a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time, is an increasing public health issue. Though no clear definition has been adopted worldwide the speed of drinking seems to be a keystone of this behavior. Developing relevant animal models of BD is a priority for gaining a better characterization of the neurobiological and psychobiological mechanisms underlying this dangerous and harmful behavior. Until recently, preclinical research on BD has been conducted mostly using forced administration of alcohol, but more recent studies used scheduled access to alcohol, to model more voluntary excessive intakes, and to achieve signs of intoxications that mimic the human behavior. The main challenges for future research are discussed regarding the need of good face validity, construct validity and predictive validity of animal models of BD.
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26
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Lee SY, Lee HK, Bang SY, Jeong H, Yim HW, Kweon YS. Aggression and Harm-Avoidant Trait Impede Recovery From Internet Gaming Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:263. [PMID: 29997529 PMCID: PMC6028732 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Relatively little is known about which neuropsychological factors promote recovery from Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methods: With informed consents, a cohort study was conducted in Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea, to investigate the course of IGD in youths. At baseline, we assessed psychosocial measures and gaming related measures such as Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Aggression Questionnaire. The Balloon Analog Risk Task was also performed to study risk-taking behavior. A total of 60 subjects demonstrating three or greater criteria in the diagnostic interviews on IGD and the IAT score of 50 or above were included. After brief parental coaching at baseline, the participants were followed up at 3 and 6 months (n = 31). The baseline characteristics were compared between the non-improved group (<10% improvement in IAT score) and the improved group (≥30% improvement in IAT score) using Mann-Whitney U-test or chi-squared tests with a two-tailed statistical significance of 0.05. Results: The non-improved group and the improved group did not demonstrate significant differences regarding demographics or the IAT scores at baseline. However, the IAT scores were significantly higher in the non-improved group at both 3 and 6 months. The non-improved group was also more likely to display higher aggression and harm avoidance than the improved group at baseline. Discussion: Youths with excessive gaming problems should be evaluated for aggression and harm avoidance since they contributed to a worse prognosis. For those with high aggression or harm avoidance, more active therapeutic interventions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yup Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Young Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Eulji Hospital, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sil Kweon
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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