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Perry TW, Sneddon EA, Reichert AN, Schuh KM, Shand NA, Quinn JJ, Radke AK. Effects of early life stress paired with adolescent alcohol consumption on two-bottle choice alcohol drinking behaviors in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.21.524642. [PMID: 36711856 PMCID: PMC9882357 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.21.524642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background In humans, early life stress (ELS) is associated with an increased risk for developing both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We previously used an infant footshock model that produces stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) in rats and mice and increases aversion-resistant alcohol drinking in rats to explore this shared predisposition. The goal of the current study was to extend this model of comorbid PTSD and AUD to male and female C57BL/6J mice. Methods Acute ELS was induced using 15 footshocks on postnatal day (PND) 17. In adulthood, alcohol drinking behavior was tested in one of three two-bottle choice drinking paradigms. In continuous access, mice were given 24 h access to 5% or 10% ethanol and water for five consecutive drinking sessions each. In limited access drinking in the dark, mice were given 2 h of access to 15% ethanol and water across 15 sessions 3 h into the dark cycle. In intermittent access, mice were presented with 20% ethanol and water Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, for four consecutive weeks. In a fifth week of intermittent access drinking, increasing concentrations of quinine (10 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 200 mg/L) were added to the ethanol to test aversion-resistant drinking. Intermittent access drinking was tested with and without a period of adolescent drinking (PND 35). Results Infant footshock did not alter drinking in the continuous or limited access tasks. Adult consumption and preference were lower in the intermittent access task when adolescent drinking was included and there were ELS-induced differences in consumption of quinine-adulterated ethanol in females. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that infant footshock followed by a period of adolescent drinking is a viable model of comorbid PTSD and AUD in rats and mice.
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Gonzalez IL, Turner CA, Patel PR, Leonardo NB, Luma BD, Richie JM, Cai D, Chestek CA, Becker JB. Sex Differences in Dopamine Release in Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsal Striatum Determined by Chronic Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry: Effects of Social Housing and Repeated Stimulation. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1527232024. [PMID: 38866486 PMCID: PMC11255425 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1527-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated sex differences in dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) using a chronic 16-channel carbon fiber electrode and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Electrical stimulation-induced (ES; 60 Hz) DA release was recorded in the NAc of single- or pair-housed male and female rats. When core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS) were recorded simultaneously, there was greater ES DA release in NAcC of pair-housed females compared with single females and males. Housing did not affect ES NAc DA release in males. In contrast, there was significantly more ES DA release from the DLS of female rats than male rats. This was true prior to and after treatment with methamphetamine. Furthermore, in castrated (CAST) males and ovariectomized (OVX) females, there were no sex differences in ES DA release from the DLS, demonstrating the hormone dependence of this sex difference. However, in the DLS of both intact and gonadectomized rats, DA reuptake was slower in females than that in males. Finally, DA release following ES of the medial forebrain bundle at 60 Hz was studied over 4 weeks. ES DA release increased over time for both CAST males and OVX females, demonstrating sensitization. Using this novel 16-channel chronic FSCV electrode, we found sex differences in the effects of social housing in the NAcS, sex differences in DA release from intact rats in DLS, and sex differences in DA reuptake in DLS of intake and gonadectomized rats, and we report sensitization of ES-induced DA release in DLS in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Noah B Leonardo
- Departments of Psychology, University of Michigan
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Brandon D Luma
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | | | - Dawen Cai
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan
| | - Cynthia A Chestek
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan
- Robotics Graduate Program, University of Michigan
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan
| | - Jill B Becker
- Departments of Psychology, University of Michigan
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Gonzalez IL, Turner CA, Patel PR, Leonardo NB, Luma BD, Richie JM, Cai D, Chestek CA, Becker JB. Sex Differences in Dopamine Release in Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsal Striatum Determined by Chronic Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry: Effects of social housing and repeated stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.14.553278. [PMID: 37645814 PMCID: PMC10462081 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.553278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated sex differences in dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) using a chronic 16-channel carbon fiber electrode and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Electrical stimulation (ES; 60Hz) induced DA release was recorded in the NAc of single or pair-housed male and female rats. When core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS) were recorded simultaneously, there was greater ES DA release in NAcC of pair-housed females compared with single females and males. Housing did not affect ES NAc DA release in males. In contrast, there was significantly more ES DA release from the DLS of female rats than male rats. This was true prior to and after treatment with methamphetamine. Furthermore, in castrated (CAST) males and ovariectomized (OVX) females, there were no sex differences in ES DA release from the DLS, demonstrating the hormone dependence of this sex difference. However, in the DLS of both intact and gonadectomized rats, DA reuptake was slower in females than in males. Finally, DA release following ES of the medial forebrain bundle at 60Hz was studied over four weeks. ES DA release increased over time for both CAST males and OVX females, demonstrating sensitization. Using this novel 16-channel chronic FSCV electrode, we found sex differences in the effects of social housing in the NAcS, sex differences in DA release from intact rats in DLS, sex differences in DA reuptake in DLS of intake and gonadectomized rats, and we report sensitization of ES-induced DA release in DLS in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paras R. Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan
| | - Noah B. Leonardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan
| | | | | | - Dawen Cai
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan
| | - Cynthia A. Chestek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan
- Robotics Graduate Program, University of Michigan
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan
| | - Jill B. Becker
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan
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Silva-Cardoso GK, N'Gouemo P. Influence of Inherited Seizure Susceptibility on Intermittent Voluntary Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures in Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rats (GEPR-3s). Brain Sci 2024; 14:188. [PMID: 38391762 PMCID: PMC10886844 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between epilepsy and alcohol consumption is complex, with conflicting reports. To enhance our understanding of this link, we conducted a study to determine how inherited seizure susceptibility affects voluntary alcohol consumption and influences alcohol withdrawal seizures in male and female genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPR-3s) compared to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS In the first experiment, animals were given access to two bottles simultaneously, one containing water and the other 7.5%, 15%, or 30% (v/v) alcohol three times a week for each dose after acclimation to drinking water. In a second experiment, animals were tested for acoustically evoked alcohol seizures 24 h after the last session of voluntary alcohol consumption. RESULTS Analysis revealed that GEPR-3s (males and females) had lower alcohol intake and preference than SD rats, particularly at lower alcohol concentrations. However, female GEPR-3s consumed more alcohol and had a higher alcohol preference than males. Furthermore, withdrawal from voluntary alcohol consumption facilitated the onset and duration of seizures in GEPR-3s. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that genetic seizure susceptibility in GEPR-3s is negatively associated with alcohol consumption. However, withdrawal from low to moderate amounts of alcohol intake can promote epileptogenesis in the epileptic GEPR-3s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleice Kelli Silva-Cardoso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Prosper N'Gouemo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Becker HC, Lopez MF. Animal Models of Excessive Alcohol Consumption in Rodents. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38340255 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of animal models that demonstrate excessive levels of alcohol consumption has played an important role in advancing our knowledge about neurobiological underpinnings and environmental circumstances that engender such maladaptive behavior. The use of these preclinical models has also provided valuable opportunities for discovering new and novel therapeutic targets that may be useful in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). While no single model can fully capture the complexities of AUD, the goal is to develop animal models that closely approximate characteristics of heavy alcohol drinking in humans to enhance their translational value and utility. A variety of experimental approaches have been employed to produce the desired phenotype of interest-robust and reliable excessive levels of alcohol drinking. Here we provide an updated review of five animal models that are commonly used. The models entail procedural manipulations of scheduled access to alcohol (time of day, duration, frequency), periods of time when access to alcohol is withheld, and history of alcohol exposure. Specially, the models involve (a) scheduled access to alcohol, (b) scheduled periods of alcohol deprivation, (c) scheduled intermittent access to alcohol, (d) scheduled-induced polydipsia, and (e) chronic alcohol (dependence) and withdrawal experience. Each of the animal models possesses unique experimental features that engender excessive levels of alcohol consumption. Both advantages and disadvantages of each model are described along with discussion of future work to be considered in developing more optimal models. Ultimately, the validity and utility of these models will lie in their ability to aid in the discovery of new and novel potential therapeutic targets as well as serve as a platform to evaluate treatment strategies that effectively reduce excessive levels of alcohol consumption associated with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard C Becker
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- RHJ Veterans Administration Health Care System, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Marcelo F Lopez
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Marchant NJ, McDonald AJ, Matsuzaki R, van Mourik Y, Schetters D, De Vries TJ. Rats choose alcohol over social reward in an operant choice procedure. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:585-593. [PMID: 36109596 PMCID: PMC9938232 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between social factors and alcohol addiction is complex, with potential for both positive and negative contributions to drug use and abstinence. Positive social connections are an important component in successful abstinence, and yet the social context of alcohol use can also lead to relapse. Recently it was shown that rats overwhelmingly choose social reward over methamphetamine, cocaine, and heroin in a discrete choice procedure, and that prolonged choice for social reward attenuates incubation of drug craving. The extent to which this effect generalises to rats trained to self-administer alcohol is not known. In this study we aimed to test the effect of social reward on choice for alcohol in male and female rats. We first validated social reward self-administration in both male and female Long-Evans rats, and found that 60 s access to a social partner of the same sex can serve as an operant reinforcer. Next we trained rats to self-administer both social reward and alcohol (20% ethanol in water), and then used discrete choice trial based tests to determine whether there is a choice preference for alcohol or social reward. Our main finding is that both male and female rats showed persistent choice for alcohol over social reward, with only minor differences between the sexes. We also show that choice for alcohol could be reduced via increased response requirement for alcohol, pre-choice alcohol exposure, and also decreasing the alcohol percentage. This study shows that preference for social rewards over drugs may not generalise to rats self-administering alcohol, and we describe several conditions where choice for social reward can be developed. This study highlights the important contribution of social factors to alcohol abuse, and future studies can investigate the neurobiology underlying a shift in preference from alcohol to social rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Marchant
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Allison J McDonald
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rie Matsuzaki
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvar van Mourik
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dustin Schetters
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco J De Vries
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wang Z, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Song Y, Xu J, Xue C. Lipidomics approach in alcoholic liver disease mice with sphingolipid metabolism disorder: Alleviation using sea cucumber phospholipids. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Augier G, Schwabl V, Lguensat A, Atudorei M, Iyere OC, Solander SE, Augier E. Wistar rats choose alcohol over social interaction in a discrete-choice model. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 48:1098-1107. [PMID: 36587185 PMCID: PMC10209174 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Animal models of substance use disorders have been criticized for their limited translation. One important factor behind seeking and taking that has so far been largely overlooked is the availability of alternative non-drug rewards. We recently reported that only about 15% of outbred Wistar rats will choose alcohol over a sweet solution of saccharin. It was also shown using a novel operant model of choice of drugs over social rewards that social interaction consistently attenuates self-administration and incubation of craving for stimulants and opioids. Whether this is also true for alcohol and choice of alcohol over a sweet reward translates to social rewards is currently unknown. We therefore evaluated choice between alcohol and a social reward in different experimental settings in both male and female Wistar rats. We found, in contrast to prior work that employed discrete choice of drugs vs. social reward, that rats almost exclusively prefer alcohol over social interaction, irrespective of the nature of the social partner (cagemate vs. novel rat), the length of interaction, housing conditions and sex. Alcohol choice was reduced when the response requirement for alcohol was increased. However, rats persisted in choosing alcohol, even when the effort required to obtain it was 10-16 times higher (for females and males respectively) than the one for the social reward. Altogether, these results indicate that the social choice model may not generalize to alcohol, pointing to the possibility that specific interactions between alcohol and social reward, not seen when a sweet solution is used as an alternative to the drug, may play a crucial role in alcohol vs. social choice experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Augier
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Veronika Schwabl
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Asmae Lguensat
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Mihai Atudorei
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Osamudiamen Consoler Iyere
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Sandra Eriksson Solander
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden
| | - Eric Augier
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, BKV, Augier lab, Linköping University, Linköping, 58185, Sweden.
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Maccioni P, Bratzu J, Lobina C, Acciaro C, Corrias G, Capra A, Carai MAM, Agabio R, Muntoni AL, Gessa GL, Colombo G. Exposure to an enriched environment reduces alcohol self-administration in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats. Physiol Behav 2022; 249:113771. [PMID: 35247441 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Living in an enriched environment (EE) produces a notable impact on several rodent behaviors, including those motivated by drugs of abuse. This picture is somewhat less clear when referring to alcohol-motivated behaviors. With the intent of contributing to this research field with data from one of the few rat lines selectively bred for excessive alcohol consumption, the present study investigated the effect of EE on operant oral alcohol self-administration in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. Starting from Postnatal Day (PND) 21, male sP rats were kept under 3 different housing conditions: impoverished environment (IE; single housing in shoebox-like cages with no environmental enrichment); standard environment (SE; small colony cages with 3 rats and no environmental enrichment); EE (large colony cages with 6 rats and multiple elements of environmental enrichment, including 2 floors, ladders, maze, running wheels, and shelter). From PND 60, rats were exposed to different phases of shaping and training of alcohol self-administration. IE, SE, and EE rats were then compared under (i) fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) schedule of alcohol reinforcement for 20 daily sessions and (ii) progressive ratio (PR) schedule of alcohol reinforcement in a final single session. Acquisition of the lever-responding task (shaping) was slower in EE than IE and SE rats, as the likely consequence of a "devaluation" of the novel stimuli provided by the operant chamber in comparison to those to which EE rats were continuously exposed in their homecage or an alteration, induced by EE, of the rat "emotionality" state when facing the novel environment represented by the operant chamber. Training of alcohol self-administration was slower in EE than IE rats, with SE rats displaying intermediate values. A similar ranking order (IE>SE>EE) was also observed in number of lever-responses for alcohol, amount of self-administered alcohol, and breakpoint for alcohol under FR4 and PR schedules of reinforcement. These data suggest that living in a complex environment reduced the reinforcing and motivational properties of alcohol in sP rats. These results are interpreted in terms of the reinforcing and motivational properties of the main components of EE (i.e., social interactions, physical activities, exploration, novelty) substituting, at least partially, for those of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maccioni
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Jessica Bratzu
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Carla Lobina
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Carla Acciaro
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Gianluigi Corrias
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Alessandro Capra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Mauro A M Carai
- Cagliari Pharmacological Research, I-09127 Cagliari (CA), Italy
| | - Roberta Agabio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Muntoni
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gessa
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Colombo
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
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