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Alrfooh A, Casten LG, Richards JG, Wemmie JA, Magnotta VA, Fiedorowicz JG, Michaelson J, Williams AJ, Gaine ME. Investigating the relationship between DNA methylation, genetic variation, and suicide attempt in bipolar disorder. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.03.24305263. [PMID: 38633806 PMCID: PMC11023653 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.24305263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for suicide, and this can be influenced by a range of biological, clinical, and environmental risk factors. Biological components associated with suicide include DNA modifications that lead to changes in gene expression. Common genetic variation and DNA methylation changes are some of the most frequent types of DNA findings associated with an increased risk for suicidal behavior. Importantly, the interplay between genetic predisposition and DNA methylation patterns is becoming more prevalent in genetic studies. We hypothesized that DNA methylation patterns in specific loci already genetically associated with suicide would be altered in individuals with bipolar disorder and a history of suicide attempt. To test this hypothesis, we searched the literature to identify common genetic variants (N=34) previously associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in individuals with bipolar disorder. We then created a customized sequencing panel that covered our chosen genomic loci. We profiled DNA methylation patterns from blood samples collected from bipolar disorder participants with suicidal behavior (N=55) and without suicidal behavior (N=51). We identified seven differentially methylated CpG sites and five differentially methylated regions between the two groups. Additionally, we found that DNA methylation changes in MIF and CACNA1C were associated with lethality or number of suicide attempts. Finally, we identified three meQTLs in SIRT1 , IMPA2 , and INPP1 . This study illustrates that DNA methylation is altered in individuals with bipolar disorder and a history of suicide attempts in regions known to harbor suicide-related variants.
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Kaur P, Khan H, Grewal AK, Dua K, Singh TG. Therapeutic potential of NOX inhibitors in neuropsychiatric disorders. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1825-1840. [PMID: 37507462 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Neuropsychiatric disorders encompass a broad category of medical conditions that include both neurology as well as psychiatry such as major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia as well as psychosis. OBJECTIVE NADPH-oxidase (NOX), which is the free radical generator, plays a substantial part in oxidative stress in neuropsychiatric disorders. It is thought that elevated oxidative stress as well as neuroinflammation plays a part in the emergence of neuropsychiatric disorders. Including two linked with membranes and four with subunits of cytosol, NOX is a complex of multiple subunits. NOX has been linked to a significant source of reactive oxygen species in the brain. NOX has been shown to control memory processing and neural signaling. However, excessive NOX production has been linked to cardiovascular disorders, CNS degeneration, and neurotoxicity. The increase in NOX leads to the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders. RESULT Our review mainly emphasized the characteristics of NOX and its various mechanisms, the modulation of NOX in various neuropsychiatric disorders, and various studies supporting the fact that NOX might be the potential therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION Here, we summarizes various pharmacological studies involving NOX inhibitors in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parneet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Combined effects of nitric oxide synthase 3 genetic variant and childhood emotional abuse on earlier onset of suicidal behaviours. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 119:110617. [PMID: 35988847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Marked heterogeneity in suicide attempters has been observed, with earlier onset being linked to stronger heritability, more childhood maltreatment. Nitric oxide signalling system might be implicated in this relationship through its role in the stress response/adaptation. This study examined how NOS genetic variants and childhood maltreatment were associated with age at first suicide attempt (SA). Adult patients with SA history (N = 414) filled in the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and six functionally relevant NOS2 and NOS3 polymorphisms were genotyped. Analyses included χ2, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kendall's regression, multivariate linear and Cox survival regressions, and a moderation analysis. The NOS3 promotor 27-bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) bb homozygous state and childhood emotional abuse were independently associated with earlier age at first SA, which was robust after controlling for confounders [regression coefficient - 3.975, 95% CI -6.980 - (-0.970), p = 0.010, and - 1.088, 95% CI -2.172 - (-0.004), p = 0.049]. No interaction was observed. In the Cox proportional hazards model for age at first SA, the hazard ratio for patients with childhood emotional abuse and NOS3 27-bp VNTR bb was 0.533 (95% CI 0.394-0.720, p < 0.001) compared to patients without. Intermediate scores were observed with either only the risk genotype or only childhood emotional abuse. A graded relationship was also observed for repeated SA, family history of SA, and severe SA history. These results are preliminary due to a low statistical power and call for replication and further characterization of the role of nitric oxide system in the susceptibility to early-onset SB.
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Dos Santos ACM, Dos Santos BRC, Dos Santos BB, Bastos DM, de Moura EL, Neto ABL, E Silva ACP, de Farias KF, de Medeiros Alves V, Nardi AE, de Souza Figueiredo EVM. The Role of the IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms of Impulsive and Aggressive Personality Traits in Cocaine/Crack Users. Neuroscience 2022; 498:280-288. [PMID: 35716966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines and nitric oxide have been associated with impulsive and aggressive personality traits. We conducted the first study that investigated the role of SNPs in cytokines and nitric oxide genes and the influence in the progression of aggressive and impulsive behavior in 107 of cocaine and crack users. In this case-control, IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) polymorphisms were determined by Real-Time PCR. In addition, the relationship between these polymorphisms and Impulsivity and Aggression was determined. We found that the physical aggressiveness sub score was negatively correlated with the C allele of -819C/T polymorphism of the IL-10 (b = -0.14; p = 0.04). The T allele of the SNP -786T/C of the ENOS gene positively predicts traits of physical aggressiveness (b = 0.14; p = 0.04). The GA genotype (b = 0.22; p = 0.01) and the A allele (b = 0.15; p = 0.02) of -308 G/A polymorphism of the TNFA were positively correlated with aggressiveness physical. The GA genotype (b = 0.20; p = 0.03) was positively correlated with aggressiveness verbal. IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) polymorphisms might be associated with high risk of aggressive and impulsive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Melo Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Barbara Rayssa Correia Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Bruna Brandão Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Dhayane Magalhães Bastos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Edilson Leite de Moura
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Abel Barbosa Lira Neto
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | | | - Karol Fireman de Farias
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Department of Nursing, Postgraduate Program in Nursing of the Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Egídio Nardi
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Elaine Virgínia Martins de Souza Figueiredo
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil.
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Loo JL, Mohamad Kamal NA, Goon JA, Ahmad Damanhuri H, Tan JAC, Abdul Murad NA, Shah SA, Sulaiman SA, Fazry S, Sharip S, Mohamed Saini S, Gunasekaran G, Maniam T, A. Jamal AR, Wan Ngah WZ, Mohd Badli Shah FS, Chan LF. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Suicidal Behaviour Among Bipolar Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Malaysian Sample. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:698911. [PMID: 34916966 PMCID: PMC8669431 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.698911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress markers are found to be linked with depression and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder (BD), although the role of DNA damage as a marker of suicidal ideation and attempt has yet to be determined. We aim to investigate the association between DNA damage and suicidal behaviour, i.e., suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, among suicidal ideators in BD patients while accounting for clinical and psychosocial risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre on 62 consecutive BD patients diagnosed using the M.I.N.I. Neuropsychiatric Interview and 26 healthy control participants. Socio-demographic and clinical assessments were performed using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) for lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) for depression severity, Clinical Global Impression for Bipolar Disorder (CGI-BD) for illness severity [both mania (CGI-Mania) and major depressive episode (CGI-MDE)], Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) for change in life events, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) for behavioural impulsivity. The degree of DNA damage in peripheral blood samples was determined using a standard protocol of comet assay. Results: Multivariable logistic regression revealed higher scores of CGI-MDE as the sole significant factor for lifetime suicidal ideation (OR = 1.937, 95% CI = 1.799-2.076). Although initial bivariate analysis showed a significant association between DNA damage, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and suicidal behaviour, the findings were not seen in multivariable logistic regression. Bivariate subgroup analysis showed that moderate and severe DNA damage (p = 0.032 and p = 0.047, respectively) was significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempts among lifetime suicidal ideators. The study is the first to look at the connexion between DNA damage and suicidal risk in bipolar patients. It is limited by the small sample size and lack of information on illicit substance use. Conclusions: More severe DNA damage was significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempts among lifetime suicidal ideators in BD. However, the severity of depression was found to be independently associated with lifetime suicidal ideation per se rather than DNA damage in BD. Larger prospective studies are required to ascertain the potential of DNA damage as a biomarker for the transition from suicidal ideation to a suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiann Lin Loo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, United Kingdom
| | - Nurul Ain Mohamad Kamal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jo Aan Goon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaclyn Ai Chin Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azian Abdul Murad
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Azhar Shah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aishah Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shazrul Fazry
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Shalisah Sharip
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suriati Mohamed Saini
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geetha Gunasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thambu Maniam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A. Rahman A. Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Lai Fong Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Temporal patterns of suicide and circulatory system disease-related mortality are inversely correlated in several countries. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:153. [PMID: 33726707 PMCID: PMC7962271 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 800,000 suicides occur worldwide annually and suicide rates are increasing faster than population growth. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of suicide remains poorly understood, which has hindered suicide prevention efforts. However, mechanistic clues may be found by studying effects of seasonality on suicide and other mortality causes. Suicides tend to peak in spring-summer periods and nadir in fall-winter periods while circulatory system disease-related mortality tends to exhibit the opposite temporal trends. This study aimed to determine for the first time whether monthly temporal cross-correlations exist between suicide and circulatory system disease-related mortality at the population level. If so and if common biological factors moderate risks for both mortality types, such factors may be discoverable and utilized to improve suicide prevention. METHODS We conducted time series analyses of monthly mortality data from northern (England and Wales, South Korea, United States) and southern (Australia, Brazil) hemisphere countries during the period 2009-2018 (N = 41.8 million all-cause mortality cases). We used a Poisson regression variant of the standard cosinor model to determine peak months of mortality. We also estimated cross-correlations between monthly mortality counts from suicide and from circulatory system diseases. RESULTS Suicide and circulatory disease-related mortality temporal patterns were negatively correlated in Australia (- 0.32), Brazil (- 0.57), South Korea (- 0.32), and in the United States (- 0.66), but no temporal correlation was discernable in England and Wales. CONCLUSIONS The negative temporal cross-correlations between these mortality types we found in 4 of 5 countries studied suggest that seasonal factors broadly and inversely moderate risks for circulatory disease-related mortality and suicide, but not in all regions, indicating that the effect is not uniform. Since the seasonal factors of temperature and light exert opposite effects on suicide and circulatory disease-related mortality in several countries, we propose that physiologically-adaptive circulatory system responses to heat and light may increase risk for suicide and should be studied to determine whether they affect suicide risk. For example, heat and light increase production and release of the bioactive gas nitric oxide and reduce circulatory system disease by relaxing blood vessel tone, while elevated nitric oxide levels are associated with suicidal behavior, inverse effects that parallel the inverse temporal mortality patterns we detected.
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7
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The biology of aggressive behavior in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Aytac HM, Oyaci Y, Yazar MS, Erol A, Pehlivan S. Association of MIF and MBL2 gene polymorphisms with attempted suicide in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 78:264-268. [PMID: 32279906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study to investigate the genetic polymorphisms in macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene in schizophrenia (SCZ) or bipolar disorder (BD) patients with attempted suicide by comparing with a non-attempted SCZ or BD patients and healthy controls. A sample of 108 patients with SCZ, 100 patients with BD and 100 healthy volunteers were included in the study. SCID-I was used to confirm the diagnosis according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. The patients were evaluated by data forms that included sociodemographic, suicidal behavior and symptom severity information. PCR-RFLP was used to determine MIF and MBL2 gene polymorphisms from DNA material. Our results demonstrated that the distributions of MBL2 genotype (AA, AB, BB), combined genotype (AA, AB/BB) and the allele frequencies (A, B) of attempted suicide patients in SCZ were significantly different from the non-attempted SCZ patients. The distributions of the MBL2 genotype of attempted suicide patients in SCZ were significantly different from the control group. The distributions of MIF genotype (GG, GC, CC), combined genotype (GG, GC/CC) and the allele frequencies (G, C) of attempted suicide patients in BD were significantly different from the non-attempted BD patients or control group. In summary MBL2 gene polymorphism may be associated with attempted suicide in SCZ and MIF gene polymorphism might be associated with attempted suicide in BD. However, further studies with other gene variants in different ethnic populations are needed to address the exact role of these polymorphisms in SCZ or BD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasemin Oyaci
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
| | - Menekse Sila Yazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Erol
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
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González-Castro TB, Genis-Mendoza AD, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, López-Narvaez ML, Pérez-Hernández N, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Martínez-Magaña JJ. Association between polymorphisms of NOS1, NOS2 and NOS3 genes and suicide behavior: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:967-977. [PMID: 30900130 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme nitric oxide synthase has been associated with suicide behavior. NOS1, NOS2 and NOS3 genes are implicated in the production of nitric oxide. However, the association between NOS genes and suicide behavior has not yet been established. To assess the association of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) genes and suicide behavior we performed a systematic review a meta-analysis. We searched articles published in three electronic databases, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Sciences, up to February 2019. We used keywords and combinations "NOS", "NOS1", "NOS2", "NOS3" and "suicide". Only articles that met the inclusion criteria were included. To assess the association between NOS genes and suicide behavior we used allelic, dominant and recessive models, as well as homozygous and heterozygous comparisons. The pooled results showed that rs2682826 of Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 gene (NOS1) increased the risk for suicide attempt in the allelic (OR: 1.34; 95 CI: 1.00-1.78), recessive (OR: 1.45; 95 CI:1.06-1.98) and heterozygous (OR: 1.41; 95 CI: 1.09-1.81) models. We found that the rs2682826 of NOS1 could increase the risk for suicide attempt. However, these results should only be taken as exploratory; more studies are necessary to determine the association between NOS genes and suicide behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Ranchería Sur, Cuarta Sección, C.P, 86650, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | - Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica (SAP), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Secretaría de Salud., Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Baltazar-Gaytan E, Aguilar-Alonso P, Brambila E, Tendilla-Beltran H, Vázquez-Roque RA, Morales-Medina JC, Maceda-Mártinez N, Castro-Flores C, Susano-Pompeyo M, Garcés-Ramírez L, de la Cruz F, García-Dolores F, Flores G. Increased cell number with reduced nitric oxide level and augmented superoxide dismutase activity in the anterior-pituitary region of young suicide completers. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 96:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Molecular profiling of reticular gigantocellularis neurons indicates that eNOS modulates environmentally dependent levels of arousal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E6900-E6909. [PMID: 29967172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons of the medullary reticular nucleus gigantocellularis (NGC) and their targets have recently been a focus of research on mechanisms supporting generalized CNS arousal (GA) required for proper cognitive functions. Using the retro-TRAP method, we characterized transcripts enriched in NGC neurons which have projections to the thalamus. The unique expression and activation of the endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) signaling pathway in these cells and their intimate connections with blood vessels indicate that these neurons exert direct neurovascular coupling. Production of nitric oxide (NO) within eNOS-positive NGC neurons increases after environmental perturbations, indicating a role for eNOS/NO in modulating environmentally appropriate levels of GA. Inhibition of NO production causes dysregulated behavioral arousal after exposure to environmental perturbation. Further, our findings suggest interpretations for associations between psychiatric disorders and mutations in the eNOS locus.
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12
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Oliveira J, Oliveira‐Maia AJ, Tamouza R, Brown AS, Leboyer M. Infectious and immunogenetic factors in bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 136:409-423. [PMID: 28832904 PMCID: PMC7159344 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the evidence supporting the association between infection and bipolar disorder (BD), the genetic vulnerability that mediates its effects has yet to be clarified. A genetic origin for the immune imbalance observed in BD, possibly involved in the mechanisms of pathogen escape, has, however, been suggested in recent studies. METHOD Here, we present a critical review based on a systematic literature search of articles published until December 2016 on the association between BD and infectious/immunogenetic factors. RESULTS We provide evidence suggesting that infectious insults could act as triggers of maladaptive immune responses in BD and that immunogenetic vulnerability may amplify the effects of such environmental risk factors, increasing susceptibility to subsequent environmental encounters. Quality of evidence was generally impaired by scarce attempt of replication, small sample sizes and lack of high-quality environmental measures. CONCLUSION Infection has emerged as a potential preventable cause of morbidity in BD, urging the need to better investigate components of the host-pathogen interaction in patients and at-risk subjects, and thus opening the way to novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Oliveira
- Champalimaud Clinical CentreChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownLisboaPortugal,Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - A. J. Oliveira‐Maia
- Champalimaud Clinical CentreChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownLisboaPortugal,Department of Psychiatry and Mental HealthCentro Hospitalar de Lisboa OcidentalLisboaPortugal,Champalimaud ResearchChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownLisboaPortugal,Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNOVA Medical SchoolUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - R. Tamouza
- Hôpital Saint LouisINSERM U1160Université Paris DiderotParisFrance,Fondation FondamentalCréteilFrance
| | - A. S. Brown
- Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - M. Leboyer
- Fondation FondamentalCréteilFrance,Department of PsychiatryAP‐HP, DHU PePSYHôpital Henri MondorUniversité Paris‐Est‐CréteilCréteilFrance,Translational PsychiatryINSERM U955CréteilFrance
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13
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McDevitt J, Krynetskiy E. Genetic findings in sport-related concussions: potential for individualized medicine? Concussion 2017; 2:CNC26. [PMID: 30202567 PMCID: PMC6096436 DOI: 10.2217/cnc-2016-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Concussion is a traumatic transient disturbance of the brain. In sport, the initial time and severity of concussion is known giving an opportunity for subsequent analysis. Variability in susceptibility and recovery between individual athletes depends, among other parameters, on genetic factors. The genes-encoding polypeptides that determine incidence, severity and prognosis for concussion are the primary candidates for genetic analysis. Genetic polymorphisms in the genes contributing to plasticity and repair (APOE), synaptic connectivity (GRIN2A), calcium influx (CACNA1E), uptake and deposit of glutamate (SLC17A7) are potential biomarkers of concussion incidence and recovery rate. With catalogued genetic variants, prospective genotyping of athletes at the beginning of their career will allow medical professionals to improve concussion management and return-to-play decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane McDevitt
- East Stroudsburg University, Athletic Training Department, East Stroudsburg, PA 18301, USA.,East Stroudsburg University, Athletic Training Department, East Stroudsburg, PA 18301, USA
| | - Evgeny Krynetskiy
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Temple University School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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14
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Schiavone S, Neri M, Mhillaj E, Morgese MG, Cantatore S, Bove M, Riezzo I, Tucci P, Pomara C, Turillazzi E, Cuomo V, Trabace L. The NADPH oxidase NOX2 as a novel biomarker for suicidality: evidence from human post mortem brain samples. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e813. [PMID: 27187235 PMCID: PMC5070044 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence points towards a role of oxidative stress in suicidality. However, few studies were carried out on the sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in subjects with suicidal behaviour. We have previously demonstrated that the NADPH oxidase NOX2-derived oxidative stress has a major role in the development of neuropathological alterations observed in an animal model of psychosis. Here, we investigated the possible increase in NOX2 in post mortem brain samples of subjects who died by asphyctic suicide (AS) compared with controls (CTRL) and subjects who died by non-suicidal asphyxia (NSA). We found that NOX2 expression was significantly higher in the cortex of AS subjects than in the other two experimental groups. NOX2 immunostaining was mainly detected in GABAergic neurons, with a minor presence of NOX2-positive-stained cells in glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons, as well as astrocytes and microglia. A sustained increase in the expression of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, an indirect marker of oxidative stress, was also detected in the cortex of AS subjects, compared with CTRL and NSA subjects. A significant elevation in cortical interleukin-6 immunoreactivity in AS subjects suggested an involvement of cytokine-associated molecular pathways in NOX2 elevations. Our results suggest that the increase in NOX2-derived oxidative stress in the brain might be involved in the neuropathological pathways leading to suicidal behaviour. These results may open innovative insights in the identification of new pathogenetic and necroscopic biomarkers, predictive for suicidality and potentially useful for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, Foggia 71122, Italy. E-mail:
| | - M Neri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - E Mhillaj
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M G Morgese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - S Cantatore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - M Bove
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - I Riezzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - P Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - C Pomara
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - E Turillazzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - V Cuomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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15
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Yilmaz ED, Üstündağ MF, Gençer AG, Kivrak Y, Ünal Ö, Bilici M. Levels of nitric oxide, asymmetric dimethyl arginine, symmetric dimethyl arginine,and L-arginine in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Turk J Med Sci 2016; 46:775-82. [PMID: 27513255 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1503-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We aimed to investigate and compare to healthy controls the variations in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA), and L-arginine levels in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 30 patients with OCD and 30 healthy controls in the study consecutively. Diagnostic interviews of all participants were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), and sociodemographic data of the participants were recorded. Patients scoring 10 points or more on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale were enrolled in the study. RESULTS The NO levels of patients with OCD were increased compared to the control group, but the increase was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, patients with OCD had significantly lower levels of ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine compared with the controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We found a significant decrease in ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine as NO inhibitors between the groups, possibly because of an increase in NO. However, the insignificant increase in NO suggests that ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine play direct and potentially important roles in OCD biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Görkem Gençer
- Department of Psychiatry, Başakşehir State Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yüksel Kivrak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Özge Ünal
- Education, Health Care and Counseling, PersonaLogia Institute, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Bilici
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics, Administrative, and Social Sciences, Gelişim University, İstanbul, Turkey
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16
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Leboyer M. Is it time for immuno-psychiatry in bipolar disorder and suicidal behaviour? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 132:159-60. [PMID: 26189642 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Leboyer
- Inserm U955, AP-HP (Department of Psychiatry, Hôpital H. Mondor), DHU PePSY, and Fondation FondaMental, Paris-Est University, Créteil, France.
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