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Qiao NN, Fang Q, Zhang XH, Ke SS, Wang ZW, Tang G, Leng RX, Fan YG. Effects of alcohol on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota among people with HIV: A cross-sectional study. Alcohol 2024; 120:151-159. [PMID: 38387693 PMCID: PMC11383188 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol consumption is not uncommon among people with HIV (PWH) and may exacerbate HIV-induced intestinal damage, and further lead to dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability. This study aimed to determine the changes in the fecal microbiota and its association with alcohol consumption in HIV-infected patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2021 and May 2022, and 93 participants were recruited. To investigate the alterations of alcohol misuse on fecal microbiology in HIV-infected individuals, we performed 16s rDNA gene sequencing on fecal samples from the low-to-moderate drinking (n = 21) and non-drinking (n = 72) groups. RESULTS Comparison between groups using alpha and beta diversity showed that the diversity of stool microbiota in the low-to-moderate drinking group did not differ from that of the non-drinking group (all p > 0.05). The Linear discriminant Analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm was used to determine the bacterial taxa associated with alcohol consumption, and the results showed altered fecal bacterial composition in HIV-infected patients who consumed alcohol; Coprobacillus, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Peptostreptococcaceae were enriched, and Pasteurellaceae and Xanthomonadaceae were depleted. In addition, by using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), functional microbiome features were also found to be altered in the low-to-moderate drinking group compared to the control group, showing a reduction in metabolic pathways (p = 0.036) and cardiovascular disease pathways (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Low-to-moderate drinking will change the composition, metabolism, and cardiovascular disease pathways of the gut microbiota of HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ni Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Su Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yin-Guang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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DesLauriers N, Sambai B, Mbogo L, Ludwig-Barron N, Kingston H, Chohan B, Gitau E, Sinkele W, Masyuko S, Herbeck J, Bukusi D, Guthrie BL, Farquhar C, Monroe-Wise A. Alcohol use among people who inject drugs living with HIV in Kenya is associated with needle sharing, more new sex partners, and lower engagement in HIV care. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:3970-3980. [PMID: 37318665 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use among 870 people who inject drugs living with HIV in Kenya, with attention toward (1) sexual and injecting risk behaviors for HIV transmission and (2) HIV care engagement. We defined heavy alcohol use as > 14 drinks/week for men and > 7 drinks/week for women, moderate alcohol use as any lesser but non-zero amount, and any alcohol use as either moderate or heavy use. Approximately 39% of participants reported any alcohol use and 15% heavy use. In multivariate analysis, any alcohol use compared to no use was associated with needle sharing, > 3 new sex partners in the past 3 months, being unaware of HIV status, never enrolling in HIV care, and not being on ART (all p < 0.05). Heavy alcohol use as compared to no use was associated with needle sharing (aOR = 2.72; 95% CI 1.43, 5.13), injection equipment sharing (aOR = 1.80; 95% CI 1.00, 3.16), > 3 new sex partners in the past 3 months (aOR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.12, 3.49), and being unaware of HIV status (aOR = 2.77; 95% CI 1.46, 5.19). There was no association between any measure of alcohol use and unsuppressed viral load. Alcohol use among people who inject drugs living with HIV may carry elevated risk of HIV transmission mediated by sexual and injecting practices and is associated with lower engagement in multiple stages of the HIV care cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- N DesLauriers
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
| | - B Sambai
- HIV Testing and Counseling and HIV Prevention, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - L Mbogo
- HIV Testing and Counseling and HIV Prevention, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - N Ludwig-Barron
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - H Kingston
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - B Chohan
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E Gitau
- Support for Addiction Prevention and Treatment in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - W Sinkele
- Support for Addiction Prevention and Treatment in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Masyuko
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- National AIDS and STI Control Programme (NASCOP), Kenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - J Herbeck
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - D Bukusi
- HIV Testing and Counseling and HIV Prevention, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - B L Guthrie
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - C Farquhar
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - A Monroe-Wise
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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