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Melchior F, Teichmann B. Measuring Dementia Knowledge in German: Validation and Comparison of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, the Knowledge in Dementia Scale, and the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230303. [PMID: 37302037 PMCID: PMC10357161 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing dementia knowledge is critical for developing and improving effective interventions. There are many different tools to assess dementia knowledge, but only one has been validated in German so far. OBJECTIVE To validate two tools for assessing dementia knowledge-the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-D) and the Knowledge in Dementia Scale (KIDE-D) for the German general population-and compare their psychometric properties with the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (DKAT2-D). METHODS A convenience sample of 272 participants completed online surveys. Analyses included internal consistency, structural validity, construct validity through the known-groups method, retest-reliability with a subgroup of n = 88, and floor and ceiling effects. This study used the STROBE checklist. RESULTS Internal consistency was acceptable for DKAT2-D (α= 0.780), very good for DKAS-D (α= 0.873), and poor for KIDE-D (α= 0.506). Construct validity was confirmed for all questionnaires. Retest-reliability was good for DKAT2-D (0.886; 0.825-0.926) and KIDE-D (0.813; 0.714-0.878), while it was great for DKAS-D (0.928; 0.891-0.953). Trends toward ceiling effects were observed for DKAT2-D and KIDE-D, but not for DKAS-D. The principal component analysis did not reveal a coherent structure for DKAT2-D or KIDE-D, while the confirmatory factor analysis proposed the removal of 5 items for DKAS-D resulting in the shortened DKAS20-D, which had nearly identical properties. CONCLUSION Both DKAS-D and its shortened version, DKAS20-D, are reliable instruments for evaluating programs intended for the general population, as they were found to be convincing in all aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Melchior
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Teichmann
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Teichmann B, Melchior F, Kruse A. Validation of the Adapted German Versions of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2, the Dementia Attitude Scale, and the Confidence in Dementia Scale for the General Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:97-108. [PMID: 36093710 PMCID: PMC9661341 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: There are almost no validated tools in German that assess dementia knowledge, attitude toward dementia, and confidence in the general population. Objective: Translation and validation of the German version of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (DKAT2), the Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS), and the Confidence in Dementia Scale (CODE). Methods: Instruments were translated into German and adapted for the general public. A convenience sample of 263 persons was recruited via an online platform. Validation of the tools’ psychometric properties consisted of an assessment of its reliability (internal consistency and 4-week test-retest reliability of a subgroup with n = 110), an analysis of its construct validity through principal component analysis and known-group analysis, convergent validity, and an item analysis for DKAT2-D. This study used the STROBE checklist for reporting. Results: Acceptable to excellent internal reliability was found for DAS-D (α= 0.90), DKAT2-D (α= 0.78), and CODE-D (α= 0.93). The principal component analysis confirmed the two-factor model for the DAS-D as well as the one-factor solution for CODE-D. Intra-class correlation coefficient between the first and the 4-week retest was good (CODE-D: 0.897; 0.849–0.929) to excellent (DKAT2-D: 0.918; 0.879–0.945 and DAS-D: 0.940; 0.910–0.960). Known-group analysis revealed that DAS-D, DKAT-D, and CODE-D could distinguish between individuals with or without experience with people with dementia and with or without participation in a dementia course. Conclusion: The German versions DAS-D, DKAT2-D, and CODE-D are reliable and valid tools to measure knowledge, attitude, and confidence in dementia in the German-speaking general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Teichmann
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Melchior
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Applied Psychology, SRH University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Kruse
- Institute for Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hu R, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Lai B, Ma W, Xu X, Ye H, Lv Z, Chan C, Tao Q. Development and Validation of a Knowledge Scale About the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (KS-BPSD) Among Chinese Formal Caregivers. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35957605 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to develop a scale assessing knowledge about behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (KS-BPSD) among Chinese formal caregivers and to investigate its psychometric properties and factorial structure. METHODS The scale was generated with a systematic development process, and 229 formal caregivers working at nursing homes were recruited to construct and assess the psychometric properties of the scale. The preliminary scale was reviewed by an expert panel and items were selected based on item discrimination, difficulty, and item-total correlation. RESULTS The final KS-BPSD version consisted of 12 items, loaded into three factors (i.e., Disease Characteristics, Care and Risks, and Treatment Needs) following principal component analysis (PCA). The KS-BPSD showed good test-retest reliability, internal consistency, as well as construct and concurrent validity. CONCLUSIONS The 12-item KS-BPSD was found to have high reliability and preliminary validity in assessing the level of knowledge about patient's BPSD among formal Chinese caregivers in nursing homes. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS KS-BPSD is a reliable tool to address the knowledge discrepancies and support needs among dementia caregivers, helping to develop and evaluate educational programs in the management of patient's BPSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Lai
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Psychiatric Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Dementia Care, Home for the Aged Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
| | - Chetwyn Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China.,Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao, China
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Diaz LG, Durocher E, Gardner P, McAiney C, Mokashi V, Letts L. Assessment tools for measurement of dementia-friendliness of a community: A scoping review. DEMENTIA 2022; 21:1825-1855. [PMID: 35543328 PMCID: PMC9243452 DOI: 10.1177/14713012221090032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background A quantitative assessment of the dementia-friendliness of a community can support
planning and evaluation of dementia-friendly community (DFC) initiatives, internal
review, and national/international comparisons, encouraging a more systematic and
strategic approach to the advancement of DFCs. However, assessment of the
dementia-friendliness of a community is not always conducted and continuous improvement
and evaluation of the impact of dementia-friendly initiatives are not always undertaken.
A dearth of applicable evaluation tools is one reason why there is a lack of
quantitative assessments of the dementia-friendliness of communities working on DFC
initiatives. Purpose A scoping review was conducted to identify and examine assessment tools that can be
used to conduct quantitative assessments of the dementia-friendliness of a
community. Design and methods Peer-reviewed studies related to DFCs were identified through a search of seven
electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, EMCare, HealthSTAR, and
AgeLine). Grey literature on DFCs was identified through a search of the World Wide Web
and personal communication with community leads in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the
United Kingdom, and the United States. Characteristics of identified assessment tools
were tabulated, and a narrative summary of findings was developed along with a
discussion of strengths and weaknesses of identified tools. Results Forty tools that assess DFC features (built environment, dementia awareness and
attitudes, and community needs) were identified. None of the identified tools were
deemed comprehensive enough for the assessment of community needs of people with
dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G Diaz
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, 62703McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyne Durocher
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, 62703McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paula Gardner
- Department of Communication Studies and Media Arts, Faculty of Humanities, 62703McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carrie McAiney
- School of Public Health and Systems, 8430University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; and Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, 8430University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Vishal Mokashi
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, 62703McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lori Letts
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Applied Health Sciences Building, 62703McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Zhao Y, Liu L, Ding Y, Shan Y, Chan HYL. Translation and validation of Chinese version of sense of competence in dementia care staff scale in healthcare providers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:35. [PMID: 35093043 PMCID: PMC8801082 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-00815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare providers’ dementia-care competence is crucial for quality dementia care. A reliable and valid instrument is needed to assess the gaps in their dementia-care competence, and thereby identifying their educational needs. Therefore, this study aims to translate the 17-item Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff (SCIDS) scale into Chinese (SCIDS-C) and to validate the SCIDS-C among Chinese healthcare providers. Methods The translation procedure followed the modified Brislin’s translation model. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the translated version. The validity, including content validity, confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity and known-groups validity, was tested. Reliability in terms of internal consistency and test-retest reliability with a 2-week interval was evaluated. Results A total of 290 healthcare providers in 12 nursing homes and a hospital completed the survey. The scale-level content validity index was .99. The confirmatory factor analysis model marginally supported the original 4-factor structure. Positive but weak correlations were noted between the total score of the SCIDS-C and that of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (r = .17, p = .005) and Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire (r = .22, p < .001), suggesting acceptable concurrent validity. Differences between health professionals and care assistants were significant in two subscales scores. The internal consistency of the scale was high, with Cronbach’s α of .87. Test-retest reliability was demonstrated with intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.88. Conclusions The SCIDS-C demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity although the known-groups validity between health professionals and care assistants was not fully established. It can be used to measure the level of sense of competence and as an outcome measure in educational intervention aiming at improving dementia care among Chinese healthcare providers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-022-00815-3.
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MacRae R, Gamble C, Ritchie L, Jack-Waugh A. Testing the sensitivity of two dementia knowledge instruments in dementia workforce education. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 108:105210. [PMID: 34773815 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of dementia education in improving the care and support that people living with dementia is well established. Previous research has shown ceiling effects in pre and post educational intervention measures of dementia knowledge using Knowledge in Dementia Scale (KIDE) on post-registered health and social care staff in Scotland. The aim was to test the sensitivity of two dementia knowledge instruments, namely the (KIDE) and the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS). DESIGN A pre and post evaluation comparison of two dementia knowledge scales. SETTING The tenth cohort of Scotland's National Dementia Champions Education Programme, September 2019-March 2020. PARTICIPANTS Post-registered Health and Social Care staff (n = 117). METHODS Both the DKAS and KIDE scales were administered pre and post programme delivery. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to examine T1 - T2 differences in dementia knowledge for both validated measures. RESULTS Ceiling effects continued to be present for the KIDE scale at T1 and T2. The DKAS responses showed a different score distribution than that achieved by the KIDE. Ceiling effects noted for KIDE at T1 were not present for the DKAS. Further, at T2, only 6% of respondents scored the maximum on the DKAS. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS appears to be a more useful instrument for measuring knowledge in post-registered health and social care staff; however, there was some evidence of ceiling effects post-intervention. There is a need for both scales to be tested in more educationally diverse populations, so educators and researchers can make informed decisions about the instrument's target range. Additionally, further research is needed to develop new sets of dementia knowledge items suitable for use in trained health and social care staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda MacRae
- Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, Lanarkshire Campus, University of the West of Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Clair Gamble
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Louise Ritchie
- Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, Lanarkshire Campus, University of the West of Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Anna Jack-Waugh
- Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, Lanarkshire Campus, University of the West of Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Wezel NV, van der Heide I, Devillé WLJM, Blom MM, Hoopman R, Francke AL. Knowledge About Dementia Among Family Caregivers With a Turkish or Moroccan Immigrant Background: Development and Validation of a Dementia Knowledge Scale. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221090084. [PMID: 35400215 PMCID: PMC8998391 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221090084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe the development and validation of the Dementia Knowledge Scale (DKS) among family caregivers with a Turkish or Moroccan immigrant background. Methods: The 11 items of the DKS, selected by professionals and people with a Turkish or Moroccan background, were translated and adapted in Turkish and Dutch. The feasibility, comprehensibility and appropriateness of the 2 language versions were examined. Subsequently, both languages were assessed among caregivers from these groups. The internal consistency of both language versions was determined by calculating Cronbach’s α. The known group validity was determined by comparing mean scores between subgroups. Results: Both language versions of the DKS were considered feasible, comprehensible, and appropriate. A total of 117 caregivers with a Turkish background completed the Turkish version of the DKS and 110 with a Moroccan background the Dutch version. The Turkish version showed adequate internal consistency but the Dutch version did not. No differences were found in mean scores between those with a low level of education versus those with a higher level; those who frequently provided care versus those who did so less frequently; and those who lived together with a person with dementia versus those who did not. Conclusions: The DKS is feasible, comprehensible and reliable and can be used among groups with an immigrant background. Practice Implications: The DKS provides insight into various aspects of dementia knowledge, including knowledge about risk factors and symptoms, among caregivers with a Turkish or Moroccan background, and thereby supports the development of tailored education for these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iris van der Heide
- Nivel, Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Walter L J M Devillé
- Nivel, Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.,University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco M Blom
- Alzheimer Nederland, Amersfoort, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Hoopman
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke L Francke
- Nivel, Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Sung HC, Su HF, Wang HM, Koo M, Lo RY. Psychometric properties of the dementia knowledge assessment scale-traditional Chinese among home care workers in Taiwan. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:515. [PMID: 34666713 PMCID: PMC8527683 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) is a reliable and valid measurement of dementia knowledge for diverse allied health professionals but its traditional Chinese version has not been formally validated yet. The purpose of this study was to translate the DKAS from English to traditional Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties among home care workers in Taiwan. METHODS The DKAS scale was translated into traditional Chinese through a forward translation and back translation process following the cross-cultural translation guideline. A total of 285 home care workers in eastern Taiwan were recruited using convenience sample. A total of 252 participants completed the questionnaires, giving a response rate of 88.4%. We tested the construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluated the reliability by internal consistency. RESULTS The results of the CFA supported the 25-item, four-factor model for the DKAS-TC. The DKAS-TC achieved a good overall Cronbach's alpha of .93 and McDonald's omega of 0.94 with acceptable subscales McDonald's omega ranged from .77 to .82. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS-TC has adequate construct validity and reliability and can serve as an assessment tool to evaluate the knowledge level of home care workers in a dementia training program in Taiwan. The dementia knowledge level among home care workers in Taiwan was inadequate. There is a need for developing suitable dementia care training tailored to their learning needs and educational levels, and to improve their quality of care for those with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Chuan Sung
- Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Feng Su
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Wang
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046 Taiwan
| | - Raymond Y. Lo
- Division of Cognitive/Geriatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Garcia-Ribas G, García-Arcelay E, Montoya A, Maurino J, Ballesteros J. Quantifying Knowledge of Alzheimer's Disease: An Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale. Neurol Ther 2021; 10:213-224. [PMID: 33512697 PMCID: PMC8139996 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-021-00230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) is one of the most popular instruments for assessing a person’s knowledge regarding Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The objective of this study was to explore ADKS item characteristics with item response theory (IRT) procedures. Methods A noninterventional web-based study was conducted. A nonparametric IRT procedure, Mokken analysis, was used to explore the underlying latent structure of the ADKS and ADKS item characteristics regarding scalability and violations of the monotone homogeneity (MH) model. A random-effects meta-analysis was implemented that combined ADKS scores from independent studies. Results A total of 447 employees of a pharmaceutical company participated in the study. The mean ADKS score was 21.2 (SD 2.8). Mokken analysis showed that most ADKS items (22 of 30) do not fit to any scale and can be considered to be scale independent. Two items (#1: particularly prone to depression; #20: depression can be mistaken for AD) fit to a domain relating to depression, another two items (#2: mental exercise can prevent AD development; #8: benefit of psychotherapy) can be related to potential prevention and improvement, and four items (#12: poor nutrition can make the symptoms worse; #18: high cholesterol may increase the risk of AD; #26: high blood pressure may increase the risk of AD; #27: genes can only partially account for AD development) fit to a risk factor domain. As expected from those results, neither the overall scale (H = 0.033) nor its items showed appropriate scalability index values, suggesting that ADKS does not fit to a MH model. Eleven items showed violations of the assumptions of the MH model. The meta-analytical average score was 21.78 (95% CI 20.67–22.90), with healthcare professionals and caregivers showing the highest levels of AD knowledge. Conclusion Although the ADKS does not present a unidimensional structure, its independent items together provide a comprehensive spectrum of information regarding AD knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alonso Montoya
- Medical Affairs, Neuroscience, Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Javier Ballesteros
- Department of Neurosciences and CIBERSAM, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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10
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Zhao Y, Eccleston CE, Ding Y, Shan Y, Liu L, Chan HYL. Validation of a Chinese version of the dementia knowledge assessment scale in healthcare providers in China. J Clin Nurs 2020; 31:1776-1785. [PMID: 33058348 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To translate 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties amongst Chinese healthcare providers. BACKGROUND The prevalence of dementia is increasing in China, but development of relevant training for healthcare providers is still in its infancy stage. A comprehensive, valid and reliable Chinese knowledge-of-dementia measure is needed to identify training needs and evaluate the effect of educational interventions. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. METHODS The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale was translated into Chinese following the modified Brislin's translation model. Content and face validity were established by an expert panel in dementia care and healthcare providers. A convenience sample of 290 healthcare providers in care homes and hospitals was recruited. Construct validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity and known groups' comparisons method. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency reliability and 2-week test-retest reliability. This study used the STROBE checklist for reporting. RESULTS The content validity index was 0.98. The confirmatory factor analysis model revealed that the four-factor model was partly supported in the present study. The moderate correlation between Chinese version of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale and Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale indicated acceptable concurrent validity. The mean score of the scale and subscale scores showed significant differences between health professionals and care assistants, except for the subscale of "Care Considerations." The reliability was demonstrated with Cronbach's alpha of .77 and intra-class correlation coefficients of each subscale between .74 and .92 among 56 respondents. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale demonstrated acceptable concurrent validity but marginal factorial validity and satisfactory reliability amongst Chinese healthcare providers. Therefore, applying the four-factor structure of Chinese version scale should be considered. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Chinese version of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale can be used to understand the training needs of healthcare providers in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayi Zhao
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Claire E Eccleston
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yaping Ding
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Shan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Helen Y L Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Gkioka M, Tsolaki M, Papagianopoulos S, Teichmann B, Moraitou D. Psychometric properties of dementia attitudes scale, dementia knowledge assessment tool 2 and confidence in dementia scale in a Greek sample. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1623-1633. [PMID: 32802384 PMCID: PMC7424436 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Τo validate the Greek version of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2, the Dementia Attitudes Scale and Confidence in Dementia Scale. Design A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied for translation and validation. The STROBE checklist for observational research has been followed to this survey. Method Two hundred and twelve students from the School of Psychology (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki). Psychometric properties were assessed through construct validity (principal component analysis), internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and convergent validity. Results High internal reliability was found for Confidence in Dementia Scale (α = 0.85), adequate reliability for Dementia Attitudes Scale (α = 0.74) and acceptable reliability for Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (α = 0.68). Construct validity was satisfactory for Dementia Attitudes Scale (two factors: social comfort and knowledge). The convergent validity was supported to this survey. All three tools are reliable and valid to measure knowledge, confidence and attitudes towards dementia in Greek research context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Gkioka
- Network Aging ResearchUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
- School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Magdalini Tsolaki
- School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
- 1st Department of ΝeurologyAHEPA University HospitalThessalonikiGreece
| | - Sotirios Papagianopoulos
- School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
- 3rd Department of NeurologyPapanikolaou General HospitalThessalonikiGreece
| | | | - Despina Moraitou
- Laboratory of PsychologySection of Experimental & Cognitive PsychologySchool of PsychologyAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
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Wiese LK, Williams CL, Tappen RM, Newman D. An updated measure for investigating basic knowledge of Alzheimer's disease in underserved rural settings. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1348-1355. [PMID: 30869990 PMCID: PMC8474126 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1584880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Older rural adults face a higher burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and delayed detection. This risk is heightened in rural populations that are ethnically diverse. Patients and providers are often hesitant to participate in screening, partially due to gaps in knowledge of the current science. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of administering the revised version of the Basic Knowledge of Alzheimer's Disease (BKAD) measure in small rural communities in five different states.Methods: The BKAD measure was revised after first being tested in rural Appalachia. Revisions including eliminating non-discriminating items and adding questions regarding early detection, sleep, head injury, and vision changes. Reliability and validity testing included Cronbach's alpha and Rasch item analysis, test-retest, and predictive validity. Descriptive measures and independent sample t-tests were used to analyze knowledge gaps and sociodemographics.Results: Tests for reliability and validity were highly favorable, including Cronbach's alpha = .85 and overall Rasch item analysis of .94. Three-fourths of participants knew that annual cognitive screening was recommended for older adults, but only one-fourth had been previously screened. Sociodemographic findings revealed that a majority of participants (86%) would participate in annual memory screening if offered, regardless of education or health literacy level.Conclusion: The BKAD measure is a good fit for use in rural and underserved populations. BKAD results can inform the design of culturally relevant programs for raising awareness of the importance of early AD detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kirk Wiese
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | | | - Ruth M Tappen
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - David Newman
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Dai Y, Zhao J, Li S, Zhao C, Gao Y, Johnson CE. Caregivers' Dementia Knowledge and Care Approach in Residential Aged Care Facilities in China. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520937096. [PMID: 33089701 PMCID: PMC10624015 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520937096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the dementia knowledge and care approach used by caregivers in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) in China. METHOD A cross-sectional survey of 785 caregivers from a random sample of 34 RACFs in China. Caregivers' knowledge and care approach were assessed using the Chinese version of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 and Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire. RESULTS The majority of caregivers showed limited knowledge of dementia and tended not to adopt a person-centered approach to care. Educational level, dementia care training, and years of work experience were positively associated with dementia knowledge. Educational level and years of work experience were also associated with a person-centered approach to care. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight into the care available to people with dementia in RACFs in China. The results suggest dementia care education programs as well as person-centered care training are urgently needed for caregivers in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Dai
- Nursing School of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Nursing School of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shenmei Li
- Nursing School of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- Public Health School of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Nursing School of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Claire Elizabeth Johnson
- Monash Nursing and Midwifery, 2541Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Supportive and Palliative Care, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Garcia-Ribas G, García-Arcelay E, Montoya A, Maurino J. Assessing Knowledge and Perceptions of Alzheimer's Disease Among Employees of a Pharmaceutical Company in Spain: A Comparison Between Caregivers and Non-Caregivers. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:2357-2364. [PMID: 33293798 PMCID: PMC7718989 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s282147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raising knowledge about Alzheimer's disease (AD) may help in identifying the disorder, seeking earlier appropriate healthcare, and decreasing its stigma. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and perceptions towards people with AD among employees of a pharmaceutical company in Spain. METHODS A non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted among 447 employees. Participants answered demographic questions and completed the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS). Caregivers also answered questions related to their personal experience with patients with AD and completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (RMBPC), and the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS). RESULTS Participants were mostly between 30 and 50 years old (63%), female (65.3%), and had bachelor or master degrees (82.7%). Forty-two (9.4%) of participants were caregivers, mainly of moderate to severe dementia subjects. Overall knowledge about AD was moderate (mean ADKS score = 21.2 ± 2.8 [70.6% of correct answers]). Risk factors and caregiving were the domains with lowest scores (correct answers: 58.58% and 63%, respectively). Mean total ADKS score was significantly higher in participants caring for people with AD compared with non-caregivers (22.1 ± 2.9 and 21.0 ± 2.8; p=0.02, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between total ADKS score and age, sex, educational level, or relative's AD severity. Most caregivers were satisfied with life (mean SWLS score = 26.8 ± 5.6) showing a low impact from behavioral problems (mean RMBPC reaction score = 26.81 ± 20.2). Six of them (14.3%) were scored as depressed. CONCLUSION There is a continuing need to improve understanding of AD to fill the gaps in knowledge of the disease, even in a population working in healthcare sector with a high educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena García-Arcelay
- Medical Department, Roche Farma, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: Elena García-Arcelay Roche Farma, Ribera del Loira, 50, Madrid28042, SpainTel +34 91 324 81 00 Email
| | - Alonso Montoya
- Medical Affairs, Neuroscience, Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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