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A CV, E BG, B L, A L, Ma EB, Gg RO, Ea MM, Pc MS, Aa RC, G PR. Spanish-Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale ( DKAS-S): Ecuadorian validation and comparison among Spanish health students. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 37005561 PMCID: PMC10067284 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Improving knowledge of dementia management through health education for health professionals can improve clinical and community care in home and specialist settings. It is important to guarantee good dementia knowledge in health students, and it is necessary to evaluate it with a good standardized tool. The aim of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of the DKAS-S with cohorts of Ecuadorian health students, to compare these results with a former validation in Spanish health students and to analyse the level of knowledge according to different variables. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S by comparing two different cohorts of health students (nursing and psychologists). RESULTS A total of 659 students from Spain (n = 233) and Ecuador (n = 426) completed the DKAS-S (mean age 24.02 (6.35) years old), and 52.80% were nursing students. The DKAS-S showed good internal consistency in the Ecuadorian cohort (Cronbach's α = 0.76). No significant difference was found between Spanish and Ecuadorian students (p = 0.767) in the global scale score, but there were differences in some subscales. Psychologist students scored significantly higher on the global scale than nursing students (32.08 (9.51) vs. 27.49 (7.15); p < 0.001)). Students with a family history of cognitive impairment scored higher on the global scale, and those who had contact with people with dementia obtained better results on the global scale. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the DKAS-S is an adequate and useful instrument to measure levels of knowledge about dementia among health students in Spanish-speaking communities. It is a reliable and valid measure with good psychometric properties. Understanding health students' knowledge about dementia will allow better adaptation of academic plans to train better health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carnes-Vendrell A
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Barallat-Gimeno E
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lara B
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lladó A
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Escobar-Bravo Ma
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reivan-Ortiz Gg
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioural Analysis and Programmatic Development PAD-LAB, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- PAD-Group, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Maxi-Maxi Ea
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Martínez-Suárez Pc
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ramírez-Coronel Aa
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Piñol-Ripoll G
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria, Rovira Roure N° 44. 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Sung HC, Su HF, Wang HM, Koo M, Lo RY. Psychometric properties of the dementia knowledge assessment scale-traditional Chinese among home care workers in Taiwan. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:515. [PMID: 34666713 PMCID: PMC8527683 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) is a reliable and valid measurement of dementia knowledge for diverse allied health professionals but its traditional Chinese version has not been formally validated yet. The purpose of this study was to translate the DKAS from English to traditional Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties among home care workers in Taiwan. METHODS The DKAS scale was translated into traditional Chinese through a forward translation and back translation process following the cross-cultural translation guideline. A total of 285 home care workers in eastern Taiwan were recruited using convenience sample. A total of 252 participants completed the questionnaires, giving a response rate of 88.4%. We tested the construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluated the reliability by internal consistency. RESULTS The results of the CFA supported the 25-item, four-factor model for the DKAS-TC. The DKAS-TC achieved a good overall Cronbach's alpha of .93 and McDonald's omega of 0.94 with acceptable subscales McDonald's omega ranged from .77 to .82. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS-TC has adequate construct validity and reliability and can serve as an assessment tool to evaluate the knowledge level of home care workers in a dementia training program in Taiwan. The dementia knowledge level among home care workers in Taiwan was inadequate. There is a need for developing suitable dementia care training tailored to their learning needs and educational levels, and to improve their quality of care for those with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Chuan Sung
- Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Feng Su
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Wang
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046 Taiwan
| | - Raymond Y. Lo
- Division of Cognitive/Geriatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Carnes A, Barallat-Gimeno E, Galvan A, Lara B, Lladó A, Contador-Muñana J, Vega-Rodriguez A, Escobar MA, Piñol-Ripoll G. Spanish-dementia knowledge assessment scale ( DKAS-S): psychometric properties and validation. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:302. [PMID: 33971836 PMCID: PMC8111921 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Community knowledge of the disease has proven to be a very important aspect of the development of interventions and the evaluation of their effectiveness. However, it is necessary to have standardized and recognized tools in different languages. The aim of the current study was to develop a cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-S) and to assess their psychometric properties with cohorts of health students and professional and non-professional caregivers of AD patients from several regions of Spain. METHODS We developed and translated the DKAS into Spanish following the forward-back-forward translation procedure. Then, we performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S. We also performed an analysis to obtain test-retest reliability measures. The study was performed in four medical centres across three regions in Spain. From May to September 2019, we administered the scale to students, professional and non-professional caregivers; including a subgroup of non-professional caregivers of patients with early-onset AD (< 65 years). RESULTS Eight hundred forty-six volunteer participants completed the DKAS-S: 233 students (mean age 26.3 ± 9.2 years), 270 professional caregivers (mean age 42.5 ± 11.7 years) and 343 non-professional caregivers of AD patients. (mean age was 56.4 ± 13.16). The DKAS-S showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.819) and good test-retest reliability (time 1: 28.1 ± 8.09 vs time 2: 28.8 ± 7.96; t = - 1.379; p = 0.173). Sensitivity to change was also significant in a subgroup of 31 students who received education related to AD and dementias between each administration (time 1: 25.6 ± 6.03) to (time 2: 32.5 ± 7.12; t = - 5.252, p = 0.000). The validity of the construct was verified by confirmatory factor analysis, although there were challenges in the inclusion of some items in the original 4 factors. CONCLUSIONS The 25-item DKAS-S showed good psychometric properties for validity and reliability and the factorial analysis when it was administered to a population of students and professional and non-professional caregivers. It was a useful instrument for measuring levels of knowledge about dementia in Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Carnes
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, Santa Maria University Hospital, Rovira Roure n 44. 25198. IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - E. Barallat-Gimeno
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - A. Galvan
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, Santa Maria University Hospital, Rovira Roure n 44. 25198. IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - B. Lara
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, Santa Maria University Hospital, Rovira Roure n 44. 25198. IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - A. Lladó
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Contador-Muñana
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - M. A. Escobar
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - G. Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, Santa Maria University Hospital, Rovira Roure n 44. 25198. IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
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Annear MJ, Toye C, Elliott KEJ, McInerney F, Eccleston C, Robinson A. Dementia knowledge assessment scale ( DKAS): confirmatory factor analysis and comparative subscale scores among an international cohort. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:168. [PMID: 28760154 PMCID: PMC5537989 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dementia is a life-limiting condition that is increasing in global prevalence in line with population ageing. In this context, it is necessary to accurately measure dementia knowledge across a spectrum of health professional and lay populations with the aim of informing targeted educational interventions and improving literacy, care, and support. Building on prior exploratory analysis, which informed the development of the preliminarily valid and reliable version of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS), a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to affirm construct validity and proposed subscales to further increase the measure’s utility for academics and educators. Methods A large, de novo sample of 3649 volunteer respondents to a dementia-related online course was recruited to evaluate the performance of the DKAS and its proposed subscales. Respondents represented diverse cohorts, including health professionals, students, and members of the general public. Analyses included CFA (using structural equation modelling), measures of internal consistency (α), and non-parametric tests of subscale correlation (Spearman Correlation) and score differences between cohorts (Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance). Results Findings of the CFA supported a 25-item, four-factor model for the DKAS with two items removed due to poor performance and one item moved between factors. The resultant model exhibited good reliability (α = .85; ωh = .87; overall scale), with acceptable subscale internal consistency (α ≥ .65; subscales). Subscales showed acceptable correlation without any indication of redundancy. Finally, total and DKAS subscale scores showed good discrimination between cohorts of respondents who would be anticipated to hold different levels of knowledge on the basis of education or experience related to dementia. Conclusion The DKAS has been confirmed as a reliable and valid measure of dementia knowledge for diverse populations that is capable of elucidating knowledge characteristics across four coherent domains: 1) Causes and Characteristics, 2) Communication and Behaviour, 3) Care Considerations, and 4) Risks and Health Promotion. Importantly, the four confirmed subscales clearly distinguish between groups who might be expected to hold differing levels of knowledge about dementia, allowing for a fine-grained level of detail to be established when evaluating baseline understanding or knowledge change associated with educational intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Annear
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Chris Toye
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Kate-Ellen J Elliott
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Frances McInerney
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Claire Eccleston
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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