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Wada M, Wong J, Tsevis E, Mann J, Hanaoka H, Hung L. Staff's Attitudes towards the Use of Mobile Telepresence Robots in Long-Term Care Homes in Canada. Can J Aging 2024; 43:319-339. [PMID: 37974446 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated staff's attitudes towards the use of mobile telepresence robots in long-term care (LTC) homes in western Canada. We drew on a Health Technology Assessment Core Model 3.0 to design a survey examining attitudes towards nine domains of mobile telepresence robots. Staff, including nurses, care staff, and managers, from two LTC homes were invited to participate. Statistical analysis of survey data from 181 participants revealed that overall, participants showed positive attitudes towards features and characteristics, self-efficacy on technology use, organizational aspects, clinical effectiveness, and residents and social aspects; neutral attitudes towards residents' ability to use technology, and costs; and negative attitudes towards safety and privacy. Participants who disclosed their demographic backgrounds tended to exhibit more positive attitudes than participants who did not. Content analysis of textual data identified specific concerns and benefits of using the robots. We discuss options for implementing mobile telepresence robots in LTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineko Wada
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Joey Wong
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evangeline Tsevis
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jim Mann
- The Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hideaki Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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2
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Ide H, Suwa S, Akuta Y, Kodate N, Tsujimura M, Ishimaru M, Shimamura A, Kitinoja H, Donnelly S, Hallila J, Toivonen M, Bergman-Kärpijoki C, Takahashi E, Yu W. Developing a model to explain users' ethical perceptions regarding the use of care robots in home care: A cross-sectional study in Ireland, Finland, and Japan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 116:105137. [PMID: 37541051 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
To date, research on ethical issues regarding care robots for older adults, family caregivers, and care workers has not progressed sufficiently. This study aimed to build a model that universally explains the relationship between the use of care robots and ethical awareness, such as regarding personal information and privacy protection in home care. We examined data obtained from cross-sectional surveys conducted in Japan (n=528), Ireland (n=296), and Finland (n=180). We performed a confirmatory factor analysis by using responses to 11 items related to the ethical use of care robots. We evaluated the model based on the chi-square to degrees of freedom ratio, the comparative fit index, and the root mean square error of approximation. Subsequently, we compared the model with the Akaike's information criterion. Ten items were adopted in the final model. There were 4 factors in the model: 'acquisition of personal information', 'use of personal information for medical and long-term care', 'secondary use of personal information', and 'participation in research and development'. All factor loadings of the final model ranged between 0.63 and 0.92, which were greater than 0.6, showing that the factors had a high influence on the model. The final model was applied to each country; the fit was relatively good in Finland and poor in Ireland. Although the three countries have different geographies, cultures, demographics, and systems, this study showed that the impact of ethical issues regarding the use of care robots in home care can be universally explained by the same model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Ide
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo
| | - Sayuri Suwa
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Division of Innovative Nursing for Life Course, Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University.
| | - Yumi Akuta
- Division of Nursing, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University
| | - Naonori Kodate
- UCD School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin
| | - Mayuko Tsujimura
- Division of Visiting Nursing, School of Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Mina Ishimaru
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Division of Innovative Nursing for Life Course, Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University
| | - Atsuko Shimamura
- Division of Community Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Toho University
| | | | - Sarah Donnelly
- UCD School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenwei Yu
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University
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Wong J, Young E, Hung L, Mann J, Jackson L. Beyond Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle - staff perceptions on facilitators and barriers to the implementation of telepresence robots in long-term care. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:772. [PMID: 37468953 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality improvement (QI) programs with technology implementations have been introduced to long-term care (LTC) to improve residents' quality of life. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle is commonly adopted in QI projects. There should be an appropriate investment of resources to enhance learning from iterative PDSA cycles. Recently, scholars explored possibilities of implementation science (IS) with QI methods to increase QI projects' generalisability and make them more widely applicable in other healthcare contexts. To date, scant examples demonstrate the complementary use of the two methods in QI projects involving technology implementation. This qualitative study explores staff and leadership teams' perspectives on facilitators and barriers of a QI project to implement telepresence robots in LTC guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). METHODS We employed purposive and snowballing methods to recruit 22 participants from two LTC in British Columbia, Canada: operational and unit leaders and interdisciplinary staff, including nursing staff, care aides, and allied health practitioners. CFIR was used to guide data collection and analysis. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted through in-person and virtual meetings. Thematic analysis was employed to generate insights into participants' perspectives. RESULTS Our analysis identified three themes: (a) The essential needs for family-resident connections, (b) Meaningful engagement builds partnership, and (c) Training and timely support gives confidence. Based on the findings and CFIR guidance, we demonstrate how to plan strategies in upcoming PDSA cycles and offer an easy-to-use tool 'START' to encourage the practical application of evidence-based strategies in technology implementation: Share benefits and failures; Tailor planning with staff partners; Acknowledge staff concerns; Recruit opinion leaders early; and Target residents' needs. CONCLUSIONS Our study offers pragmatic insights into the complementary application of CFIR with PDSA methods in QI projects on implementing technologies in LTC. Healthcare leaders should consider evidence-based strategies in implementing innovations beyond PDSA cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Wong
- UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Erika Young
- UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lillian Hung
- UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jim Mann
- UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lynn Jackson
- UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Hung L, Hu G, Wong J, Ren H, Ahmed N, Hussein A, Young E, Berndt A, Mann J, Corepal R, Wong L. Telepresence Robots in Long-Term Care Settings in British Columbia
During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analyzing the Experiences of Residents and Family
Members. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231166208. [PMID: 37033088 PMCID: PMC10076606 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231166208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telepresence robots are being increasingly used in long-term care (LTC) homes for
virtual visits between families and residents. This study investigated the
impacts and experiences of residents and their families using a telepresence
robot (Double 3) for 4 to 12 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 51
participants were recruited through purposive sampling, including 9 residents,
15 family members, and 27 staff from 4 LTC homes in British Columbia, Canada.
Conversational interviews were conducted with residents and family members.
Focus groups and one-to-one interviews were held with frontline staff. Thematic
analysis was performed, with five themes identified: (1) Stay connected, (2)
Regain autonomy, (3) Relieve caregiver burden, (4) Environmental and technical
issues, and (5) Scheduling concerns. In conclusion, telepresence robots helped
maintain social connections between residents and families, despite the COVID-19
restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
- Lillian Hung, Innovation in Dementia and
Aging Lab, Department of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211
Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Grace Hu
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joey Wong
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Haopu Ren
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nazia Ahmed
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali Hussein
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Erika Young
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jim Mann
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rekesh Corepal
- Alzheimer Society of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lily Wong
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
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Hung L, Lake C, Hussein A, Wong J, Mann J. Using telepresence robots as a tool to engage patient and family partners in dementia research during COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative participatory study. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:12. [PMID: 36959683 PMCID: PMC10035490 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term care (LTC) settings have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; it is important to address unmet needs and explore practical strategies for supporting LTC residents and staff. The involvement of patient partners and family community members in research planning, implementation and evaluation is the basis of Patient and Public Involvement approach and has been challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic, as visitation restrictions have created barriers to conducting research in healthcare settings. Innovative methods and tools are needed for conducting participatory research. This study investigated the use of telepresence as innovative tools for participatory research based on three projects conducted with patient and family partners during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The data source includes (a) team reflective discussions, (b) weekly meeting notes, (c) field notes, and (d) interviews with ten researchers. We applied purposive sampling to select ten researchers who used a telepresence robot to conduct research in British Columbia, Canada. Semi-structured one-to-one interviews were conducted via Zoom virtual meetings. Patient and family partners contributed to team analysis to identify themes. RESULTS Analysis of the data produced five themes: (1) Research Enabler, (2) User-Friendly Technology, (3) Increased Engagement, (4) Lack of Infrastructure and Resources, and (5) Training and Technical Obstacles. Based on the results, we propose "ROBOT"-an acronym for five actionable recommendations to support the use of telepresence robots for research. The ROBOT recommendations represent: Realign to adapt, Organize with champions, Blend strategies, Offer timely technical assistance, and Tailor training to individual needs. CONCLUSIONS This study offers practical insights into the use of telepresence robots as a safe and innovative tool for conducting remote research with people with dementia, even in times of restricted access, as with COVID-19. Future research should apply more creativity and flexibility in adopting technology to expand possibilities for involving people with dementia in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Charlie Lake
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Ali Hussein
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Joey Wong
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Jim Mann
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
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Moyle W. Grand challenge of maintaining meaningful communication in dementia care. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2023; 2:1137897. [PMID: 39081994 PMCID: PMC11285537 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2023.1137897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Virkus S, Leoste J, Marmor K, Kasuk T, Talisainen A. Telepresence robots from the perspective of psychology and educational sciences. INFORMATION AND LEARNING SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/ils-09-2022-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
Telepresence robots (TPRs) are an emerging field of application and research that have received attention from various disciplines, including computer science, telehealth and education. The purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications on TPR in the Web of Science database from 1980 to 2022 to gain a better understanding of the state of research on TPRs and explore the role of pedagogical and psychological aspects in this research.
Design/methodology/approach
The analysis of research publications on TPRs was made on the basis of papers published in the Web of Science database from 1980 to 2022. The following research questions were proposed: What are the main tendencies in publication years, document types, countries of origin, source titles, publication authors, affiliations of authors and the most cited articles related to TPRs? What are the main topics discussed in the publications from the perspective of psychology? What are the main topics discussed in the publications from the perspective of educational sciences?
Findings
The results indicate that it is in the computer science where most of the existing research has been conducted, whereas the interest in the psychology and educational science has been relatively low. The greatest regional contributor has been the USA, whereas the effort in the European Union lags behind. Research publications in psychology in the Web of Science database related to TPRs can be grouped into three broad thematic categories: features of TPRs, degree of social presence compared to physical presence or other mediated technologies and opportunities for using TPRs. The results suggest that from the perspective of psychology, TPRs are one of the approaches that could enable greater social presence in remote communication. Most of the analysed papers in educational sciences investigated the opportunities of using TPRs in various educational fields. However, while the findings of the studies indicated significant potential of TPRs for education, their acceptance for wider use is still challenged.
Research limitations/implications
The limitations of this research are that this study only analysed research papers in the Web of Science database and therefore only covers a limited number of scientific papers published in the field of psychology and educational sciences on TPRs. In addition, only publications with the term “telepresence robots” in the topic area of the Web of Science database were analysed. Therefore, several relevant studies are not discussed in this paper that are not reflected in the Web of Science database or were related to other keywords.
Originality/value
The field of TPRs has not been explored using a bibliographic analysis of publications in the Web of Science database from the perspective of psychology and educational sciences. The findings of this paper will help researchers and academic staff better understand the state of research on TPRs and the pedagogical and psychological aspects addressed in this research.
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Liao YJ, Jao YL, Boltz M, Adekeye OT, Berish D, Yuan F, Zhao X. Use of a Humanoid Robot in Supporting Dementia Care: A Qualitative Analysis. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231179528. [PMID: 37324571 PMCID: PMC10265350 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231179528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive impairment significantly affects independence in persons with dementia, and consistent supervision is often needed. While interest has arisen in using humanoid robots, such as Pepper, to assist with daily caregiving activities, little is known about the perceptions of using Pepper to assist people with dementia. Objective This study aimed to explore the perceptions of nonhealthcare workers, care partners, and healthcare workers on the use of a Pepper robot in dementia care. Methods This was a secondary qualitative analysis. Data were collected from a pilot study conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 using an online survey. The survey consisted of quantitative and qualitative questions; this study only focused on the qualitative responses. The detailed procedures and the quantitative results were published elsewhere. Participants included nonhealthcare workers, care partners, and healthcare workers. Results A total of 194 participants responded to the open-ended question. Participants described potential benefits of Pepper including assisting with daily activities, monitoring safety and medication use, initiating reminders, and promoting activities and social interactions. Participants had concerns about privacy, cost, poor acceptance/trust, Pepper making mistakes, limitations in environmental navigation and responding to emergencies, misuse of Pepper, and Pepper replacing humans. Participants suggested that Pepper should be tailored to each individual's background, preferences, and functions and recommended improving the logistics of using Pepper, offering more emotional support and responses, and using a more natural appearance and voice. Conclusion Pepper may support dementia care; yet some concerns need to be addressed. Future research should consider incorporating these comments when designing robots for dementia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Jen Liao
- Pennsylvania State University, Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ying-Ling Jao
- Pennsylvania State University, Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Marie Boltz
- Pennsylvania State University, Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Olayemi Timothy Adekeye
- Pennsylvania State University, Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Diane Berish
- Pennsylvania State University, Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Fengpei Yuan
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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Dino MJS, Davidson PM, Dion KW, Szanton SL, Ong IL. Nursing and human-computer interaction in healthcare robots for older people: An integrative review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2022; 4:100072. [PMID: 38745638 PMCID: PMC11080351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined the published works related to healthcare robotics for older people using the attributes of health, nursing, and the human-computer interaction framework. Design An integrative literature review. Methods A search strategy captured 55 eligible articles from databases (CINAHL, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed) and hand-searching approaches. Bibliometric and content analyses grounded on the health and nursing attributes and human-computer interaction framework were performed using MAXQDA. Finally, results were verified using critical friend feedback by a second reviewer. Results Most articles were from multiple authorship, published in non-nursing journals, and originating from developed economies. They primarily focused on applying healthcare robots in practice settings, physical health, and communication tasks. Using the human-computer interaction framework, it was found that older adults frequently served as the primary users while nurses, healthcare providers, and researchers functioned as secondary users and operators. Research articles focused on the usability, functionality, and acceptability of robotic systems. At the same time, theoretical papers explored the frameworks and the value of empathy and emotion in robots, human-computer interaction and nursing models and theories supporting healthcare practice, and gerontechnology. Current robotic systems are less anthropomorphic, operated through real-time direct and supervisory inputs, and mainly equipped with visual and auditory sensors and actuators with limited capability in performing health assessments. Conclusion Results communicate the need for technological competency among nurses, advancements in increasing healthcare robot humanness, and the importance of conscientious efforts from an interdisciplinary research team in improving robotic system usability and utility for the care of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Joseph S. Dino
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Our Lady of Fatima University, 120 McArthur Highway, Marulas, Valenzuela City 1440, Philippines
| | - Patricia M. Davidson
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- University of Wollongong, The Vice-Chancellor's Unit Building 36, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Kenneth W. Dion
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sarah L. Szanton
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Irvin L. Ong
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Our Lady of Fatima University, 120 McArthur Highway, Marulas, Valenzuela City 1440, Philippines
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Qi J, Wu C, Yang L, Ni C, Liu Y. Artificial intelligence (AI) for home support interventions in dementia: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062604. [PMID: 36130752 PMCID: PMC9494582 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dementia has become one of the significant causes of disability and dependency among older people globally. The proportion of people with dementia who are cared for at home has soared. The rapid growth of technology and data has stimulated artificial intelligence (AI) in patients with dementia at home. However, there are still tremendous opportunities and challenges in applying AI to patients with dementia at home, and there is no systematic overview. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The review will adopt the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology. The structure and content of this protocol follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. The proposed study will consider applying AI technology for dementia patients living at home and their families. Authors will conduct systematic searches: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science Cochrane database, EBSCO, Ovid, PsycINFO, Embase. The extracted data will be processed qualitatively and described through tables. The findings are integrated by a narrative synthesis. This review aims to evaluate the nature and extent of the application of AI technology in patients with dementia at home through a systematic search of the literature. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Scoping review is an analysis of existing data and therefore does not require ethical approval. We will publish our findings in a peer-reviewed journal.Scoping review protocol registration . DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/3NU9C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Qi
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuntao Wu
- Department of Nursing, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Ni
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Chirico I, Giebel C, Lion K, Mackowiak M, Chattat R, Cations M, Gabbay M, Moyle W, Pappadà A, Rymaszewska J, Senczyszyn A, Szczesniak D, Tetlow H, Trypka E, Valente M, Ottoboni G. Use of technology by people with dementia and informal carers during COVID-19: A cross-country comparison. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37. [PMID: 36005276 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Considering the adverse outcomes of COVID-19, it is essential to provide adequate support and care for people with dementia and informal carers. Technology can reduce the distress associated with social distancing rules and the decreased access to in-person services. This study aimed to explore the use of technology and its perceived effects across different settings and countries. METHODS The sample was composed of 127 informal carers and 15 people with dementia from the UK, Italy, Australia and Poland. Semi-structured interviews explored participants' experiences of using technology and their perceived effects. Transcripts were analysed by researchers in each country using an inductive approach. RESULTS Three overarching themes were developed: (1) Technology kept us alive during COVID-19; (2) Remote care was anything but easy; (3) Perceived technology limitations. Many similarities emerged between countries supporting the role of technology for being socially engaged, having a routine, and staying active. However, the benefits of technology for health and psychosocial care were more limited. Across countries, barriers to the access and use of technology included lack of digital literacy, dementia severity, and lack of appropriate digital environments. Help and supervision from carers were also necessary and sometimes perceived as an additional burden. CONCLUSIONS Technology can effectively reduce the shrinking world that may be amplified by the pandemic, thus preserving people with dementia's social skills and maintaining family connections. However, for more extensive and well-adapted use of technology in dementia care, actions should be taken to overcome the barriers to the access and use of technology by older and vulnerable people globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Chirico
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Giebel
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- NIHR ARC NWC, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna Lion
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maria Mackowiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rabih Chattat
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Cations
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Gabbay
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- NIHR ARC NWC, Liverpool, UK
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Dorota Szczesniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Elzbieta Trypka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marco Valente
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Anderson M, Menon R, Oak K, Allan L. The use of technology for social interaction by people with dementia: A scoping review. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2022; 1:e0000053. [PMID: 36812560 PMCID: PMC9931370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
People with dementia (PwD) are at risk of experiencing loneliness, which is associated with physical and mental health difficulties [1]. Technology is a possible tool to increase social connection and reduce loneliness. This scoping review aims to examine the current evidence regarding the use of technology to reduce loneliness in PwD. A scoping review was carried out. Medline, PsychINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane database, NHS Evidence, Trials register, Open Grey, ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore were searched in April 2021. A sensitive search strategy was constructed using combinations of free text and thesaurus terms to retrieve articles about dementia, technology and social-interaction. Pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used. Paper quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and results reported according to PRISMA guidelines [2,3]. 73 papers were identified publishing the results of 69 studies. Technological interventions included robots, tablets/computers and other forms of technology. Methodologies were varied and limited synthesis was possible. There is some evidence that technology is a beneficial intervention to reduce loneliness. Important considerations include personalisation and the context of the intervention. The current evidence is limited and variable; future research is warranted including studies with specific loneliness outcome measures, studies focusing on PwD living alone, and technology as part of intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merryn Anderson
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Rachel Menon
- Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bodmin, United Kingdom
| | - Katy Oak
- Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust, Truro, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Allan
- Centre for Research into Ageing and Cognitive Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Yu C, Sommerlad A, Sakure L, Livingston G. Socially assistive robots for people with dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of feasibility, acceptability and the effect on cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101633. [PMID: 35462001 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in using robots to support dementia care but little consensus on the evidence for their use. The aim of the study is to review evidence about feasibility, acceptability and clinical effectiveness of socially assistive robots used for people with dementia. METHOD We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINHAL, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, and EI Engineering Village from inception to 04 - 02-2022 - included primary studies assessing feasibility, acceptability, or effectiveness of socially assistive robots for people with dementia. Two independent reviewers screened studies for eligibility, and assessed quality. Narrative synthesis prioritized higher quality studies, and random-effect meta-analyses compared robots with usual care (UC) or active control (AC) immediately after the intervention (short-term; ST) or long-term (LT) on cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life. FINDINGS 66 studies and four categories of robots were eligible: Companion robots (Pet and humanoid companion robots), telepresence communication robots, homecare assistive robots and multifunctional robots. PARO (companion robot seal) was feasible and acceptable but limited by its weight, cost, and sound. On meta-analysis, PARO had no ST or LT compared to UC or AC over 5-12 weeks on agitation (ST vs UC, 4 trials, 153 participants: pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.25; - 0.57 to 0.06; LT vs UC; 2 trials, 77 participants, SMD = -0.24; - 0.94, 0.46), cognition (ST vs UC, 3 trials, 128 participants: SMD= 0.03; -0.32, 0.38), overall neuropsychiatric symptoms (ST vs UC, 3 trials, 169 participants: SMD= -0.01; -0.32, 0.29; ST vs AC, 2 trials, 145 participants: SMD =0.02, -0.71, 0.85), apathy (ST vs AC, 2 trials, 81 participants: SMD= 0.14; 0.29, 0.58), depression (ST vs UC, 4 trials, 181 participants; SMD= 0.08; -0.52, 0.69; LT vs UC: 2 trials, 77 participants: SMD =0.01; -0.75, 0.77), anxiety (ST vs UC: 2 trials, 104 participants, SMD= 0.24; -0.85, 1.33) and quality of life (ST vs UC, 2 trials, 127 participants: SMD=-0.05; -0.52, 0.42; ST vs AC: 2 trials, 159 participants, SMD =-0.36, -0.76, 0.05). Robotic animals, humanoid companion robots, telepresence robots and multifunctional robots were feasible and acceptable. However, humanoid companion robots have speech recognition problems, and telepresence robots and multifunctional robots were often difficult to use. There was mixed evidence about the feasibility of homecare robots. There was little evidence on any of these robots' effectiveness. CONCLUSION Although robots were generally feasible and acceptable, there is no clear evidence that people with dementia derive benefit from robots for cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, or quality of life. We recommend that future research should use high quality designs to establish evidence of effectiveness.
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Hung L, Wong J, Smith C, Berndt A, Gregorio M, Horne N, Jackson L, Mann J, Wada M, Young E. Facilitators and barriers to using telepresence robots in aged care settings: A scoping review. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2022; 9:20556683211072385. [PMID: 35083063 PMCID: PMC8785274 DOI: 10.1177/20556683211072385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social isolation has been a significant issue in aged care settings, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and is associated with adverse outcomes, including loneliness, depression, and cognitive decline. While robotic assistance may help mitigate social isolation, it would be helpful to know how to adopt technology in aged care. This scoping review aims to explore facilitators and barriers to the implementation of telepresence robots in aged care settings. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews reporting guidelines, we searched relevant peer-reviewed studies through eight databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, PsychINFO (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. Google was used to search gray literature, including descriptive, evaluative, quantitative, and qualitative designs. Eligibility includes: studies with people aged 65 years and older who interacted with a telepresence robot in a care setting, and articles written in English. We conducted a thematic analysis to summarize the evidence based on the constructs in the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research. Of 1183 articles retrieved, 13 were included in the final review. The analysis yielded three themes: relative advantages, perceived risks and problems, and contextual considerations. The key facilitators to telepresence robot adoption are as follows: a feeling of physical presence, ease of use, mobility, and training. The barriers to implementation are as follows: cost, privacy issues, internet connectivity, and workflow. Future research should investigate the role of leadership support in implementation and practical strategies to overcome barriers to technology adoption in aged care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joey Wong
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chelsea Smith
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Annette Berndt
- Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mario Gregorio
- Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Neil Horne
- Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lynn Jackson
- Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jim Mann
- Community Engagement Advisory Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mineko Wada
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erika Young
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Manley NA, Boron JB, Shade MY, Jain I, Kim J, Chirackal RS, Byers ML, Bishop KI, Ashraf MS, Tyner LK, Stream SE, Potter JF. A Robotic Device to Enhance Nursing Home Provider Telepresence During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 23:311-314.e2. [PMID: 34896058 PMCID: PMC8603033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presented significant challenges to face-to-face communication with people residing in post-acute and long-term care (PALTC) settings. Telemedicine is an alternative, but facility staff may be overburdened with the management of the equipment. Here we introduce the use of a mobile HIPPA-compliant telepresence robot (MTR) to bridge this barrier, which may be beneficial to reimagine options for PALTC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Manley
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Julie B Boron
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Marcia Y Shade
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Nursing, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Isha Jain
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jungyoon Kim
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Robin S Chirackal
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mandy L Byers
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Karina I Bishop
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Muhammad S Ashraf
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Laura K Tyner
- Nebraska Medicine, Nebraska Infection Control Assessment and Promotion Program, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sarah E Stream
- Nebraska Medicine, Nebraska Infection Control Assessment and Promotion Program, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jane F Potter
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of social robots for older adults and people with dementia: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:351. [PMID: 34107876 PMCID: PMC8191065 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psychosocial issues, such as social isolation and loneliness among older adults and people with dementia, continue to pose challenges with a rapidly aging population worldwide. Social robots are a rapidly emerging field of technology, developed to help address the psychosocial needs of this population. Although studies have reported positive findings regarding their psychosocial benefits, their implementation in real-world practice remains a challenge. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors affecting their implementation. The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic overview of the barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation of social robots for older adults and people with dementia. Method The Arksey and O’Malley approach with methodological enhancement by Levac et al. was used to guide the conduct of this review. Seven electronic databases were searched. In addition, hand searching and backward citation tracing was conducted. Three independent reviewers were involved in the screening and data charting process. Findings were synthesised and categorised into the five domains outlined in the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR). Results A total of 53 studies were included in the final review. Most of the included studies were based in participants’ homes and in care facilities. Barriers and facilitators were mapped onto 18 constructs in the five domains of the CFIR. The most frequently cited barriers were mapped to the constructs within the domain of “Intervention characteristics”, where issues such as the complexity of using the technology and technical obstacles impeded implementation. Most facilitators were mapped onto the domain “Patient needs and resources”. Overall, existing research are disproportionately focused on the internal validity (i.e. characteristics) of social robots, and there is significantly less research investigating their external validity, such as organisational or wider contextual factors that can affect their implementation in real-world practice. Conclusion This review has identified and synthesised the breadth of evidence on the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of social robots for older adults and people with dementia. Future research should pay more attention to investigating the contextual factors, using an implementation framework, to identify barriers and facilitators to guide the implementation of social robots. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02277-9.
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