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Tang H, Li YX, Lian JJ, Ng HY, Wang SSY. Personalized treatment using predictive biomarkers in solid organ malignancies: A review. TUMORI JOURNAL 2024:3008916241261484. [PMID: 39091157 DOI: 10.1177/03008916241261484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the influence of specific biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of solid organ malignancies has been increasingly prominent. The relevance of the use of predictive biomarkers, which predict cancer response to specific forms of treatment provided, is playing a more significant role than ever before, as it affects diagnosis and initiation of treatment, monitoring for efficacy and side effects of treatment, and adjustment in treatment regimen in the long term. In the current review, we explored the use of predictive biomarkers in the treatment of solid organ malignancies, including common cancers such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and cancers associated with high mortalities, such as pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer and cancers of the central nervous system. We additionally analyzed the goals and types of personalized treatment using predictive biomarkers, and the management of various types of solid organ malignancies using predictive biomarkers and their relative efficacies so far in the clinical settings.
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Chatterjee D, Bhattacharya S, Kumari L, Datta A. Aptamers: ushering in new hopes in targeted glioblastoma therapy. J Drug Target 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38923419 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2373306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a formidable brain cancer, has remained a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature and resistance to conventional treatments. Recent data indicate that aptamers, short synthetic DNA or RNA molecules can be used in anti-cancer therapy due to their better tumour penetration, specific binding affinity, longer retention in tumour sites and their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. With the ability to modify these oligonucleotides through the selection process, and using rational design to modify them, post-SELEX aptamers offer several advantages in glioblastoma treatment, including precise targeting of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. This review discusses the pivotal role of aptamers in glioblastoma therapy and diagnosis, emphasising their potential to enhance treatment efficacy and also highlights recent advancements in aptamer-based therapies which can transform the landscape of glioblastoma treatment, offering renewed hope to patients and clinicians alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarpan Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, India
| | - Srijan Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, India
| | - Leena Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, India
| | - Aparna Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, India
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Squalli Houssaini A, Lamrabet S, Nshizirungu JP, Senhaji N, Sekal M, Karkouri M, Bennis S. Glioblastoma Vaccines as Promising Immune-Therapeutics: Challenges and Current Status. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:655. [PMID: 38932383 PMCID: PMC11209492 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor. Standard treatments including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have failed to significantly improve the prognosis of glioblastoma patients. Currently, immunotherapeutic approaches based on vaccines, chimeric antigen-receptor T-cells, checkpoint inhibitors, and oncolytic virotherapy are showing promising results in clinical trials. The combination of different immunotherapeutic approaches is proving satisfactory and promising. In view of the challenges of immunotherapy and the resistance of glioblastomas, the treatment of these tumors requires further efforts. In this review, we explore the obstacles that potentially influence the efficacy of the response to immunotherapy and that should be taken into account in clinical trials. This article provides a comprehensive review of vaccine therapy for glioblastoma. In addition, we identify the main biomarkers, including isocitrate dehydrogenase, epidermal growth factor receptor, and telomerase reverse transcriptase, known as potential immunotherapeutic targets in glioblastoma, as well as the current status of clinical trials. This paper also lists proposed solutions to overcome the obstacles facing immunotherapy in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmae Squalli Houssaini
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco;
| | - Salma Lamrabet
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco;
| | - Jean Paul Nshizirungu
- Biology Department, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3900, Rwanda;
| | - Nadia Senhaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco;
| | - Mohammed Sekal
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco;
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca, Casablanca 20250, Morocco;
- Laboratory of Cellular and molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20360, Morocco
| | - Sanae Bennis
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco;
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Junior MGV, Côrtes AMDA, Carneiro FRG, Carels N, da Silva FAB. Unveiling the Dynamics behind Glioblastoma Multiforme Single-Cell Data Heterogeneity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4894. [PMID: 38732140 PMCID: PMC11084314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme is a brain tumor distinguished by its aggressiveness. We suggested that this aggressiveness leads single-cell RNA-sequence data (scRNA-seq) to span a representative portion of the cancer attractors domain. This conjecture allowed us to interpret the scRNA-seq heterogeneity as reflecting a representative trajectory within the attractor's domain. We considered factors such as genomic instability to characterize the cancer dynamics through stochastic fixed points. The fixed points were derived from centroids obtained through various clustering methods to verify our method sensitivity. This methodological foundation is based upon sample and time average equivalence, assigning an interpretative value to the data cluster centroids and supporting parameters estimation. We used stochastic simulations to reproduce the dynamics, and our results showed an alignment between experimental and simulated dataset centroids. We also computed the Waddington landscape, which provided a visual framework for validating the centroids and standard deviations as characterizations of cancer attractors. Additionally, we examined the stability and transitions between attractors and revealed a potential interplay between subtypes. These transitions might be related to cancer recurrence and progression, connecting the molecular mechanisms of cancer heterogeneity with statistical properties of gene expression dynamics. Our work advances the modeling of gene expression dynamics and paves the way for personalized therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Guilherme Vieira Junior
- Graduate Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Adriano Maurício de Almeida Côrtes
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Mathematics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
- Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program, Coordination of Postgraduate Programs in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Flávia Raquel Gonçalves Carneiro
- Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil;
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Program of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Carels
- Laboratory of Biological System Modeling, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil
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Gopinathan A, Sankhe R, Rathi E, Kodi T, Upadhya R, Pai KSR, Kishore A. An in silico drug repurposing approach to identify HDAC1 inhibitors against glioblastoma. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38686917 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2335293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable improvement in therapy and diagnosis, brain tumors remain a global public health concern. Among all brain tumors, 80% are due to Glioblastoma. The average survival rate of a patient once diagnosed with glioblastoma is 15 months. Lately, the role of peptidase enzymes, especially Neprilysin, a neutral endopeptidase, is gaining attention for its role in tumor growth regulation. Neprilysin expressions are positively correlated with several tumors including GBM and reduced expression of NEP protein is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple tumors. One of the main reasons for NEP protein downregulation is the action of Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, especially HDAC1. Additionally, studies have reported that increased levels of HDAC1 are responsible for downregulating NEP gene expression. Hence, HDAC1 inhibition can be a good target to elevate NEP levels, which can be a good therapeutic approach to GBM. This study utilizes the computational drug repurposing tool, Schrodinger Maestro to identify HDAC1 inhibitors from the ZINC15 database.1379 FDA-approved drugs from the ZINC15 database were screened through molecular docking. Based on docking score and ligand-protein interaction, the top ten molecules were selected which were then subjected to binding energy calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The three most active drugs from the MD simulations- ZINC22010649 (Panobinostat), ZINC4392649 (Tasimelteon) and ZINC1673 (Melphalan), were tested on C6 and U87 MG glioblastoma cells for cytotoxicity and HDAC1 protein levels using western blot analysis. Among the three drugs, Panobinostat exhibited potent cytotoxic action and showed a significant reduction in the HDAC1 protein levels.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Gopinathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekta Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Triveni Kodi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anoop Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Esteves L, Caramelo F, Roda D, Carreira IM, Melo JB, Ribeiro IP. Identification of Novel Molecular and Clinical Biomarkers of Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients: A Study Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas Data. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:5582424. [PMID: 38606198 PMCID: PMC11008977 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5582424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent type of brain tumour; although advancements in treatment have been made, the median survival time for GBM patients has persisted at 15 months. This study is aimed at investigating the genetic alterations and clinical features of GBM patients to find predictors of survival. GBM patients' methylation and gene expression data along with clinical information from TCGA were retrieved. The most overrepresented pathways were identified independently for each omics dataset. From the genes found in at least 30% of these pathways, one gene that was identified in both sets was further examined using the Kaplan-Meier method for survival analysis. Additionally, three groups of patients who started radio and chemotherapy at different times were identified, and the influence of these variations in treatment modality on patient survival was evaluated. Four pathways that seemed to negatively impact survival and two with the opposite effect were identified. The methylation status of PRKCB was highlighted as a potential novel biomarker for patient survival. The study also found that treatment with chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy can have a significant impact on patient survival, which could lead to improvements in clinical management and therapeutic approaches for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Esteves
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, iCBR-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Domingos Roda
- Algarve Radiation Oncology Unit-Joaquim Chaves Saúde (JCS), Faro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques Carreira
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Barbosa Melo
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Bianco CD, Ourique F, Dos Santos DC, Pedrosa RC, Kviecisnki MR, Zamoner A. Glyphosate-induced glioblastoma cell proliferation: Unraveling the interplay of oxidative, inflammatory, proliferative, and survival signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122695. [PMID: 37802286 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impacts of glyphosate herbicide on the survival and proliferation of glioblastoma cells and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying such effects. For this, cultured human glioblastoma cell line, A172, was exposed to the glyphosate analytical standard, a glyphosate-based herbicide formulation (GBH), or the metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). The three compounds induced A172 cytotoxicity after 24 h of exposure, with more prominent cytotoxic effects after 48 and 72 h of treatment. Further experiments were performed by treating A172 cells for 6 h with glyphosate, GBH, or AMPA at 0.5 mg/L, which corresponds to the maximum residue limits for glyphosate and AMPA in drinking water in Brazil. Colony forming units (CFU) assay showed that AMPA increased the number of CFU formed, while glyphosate and GBH increased the CFU sizes. The three compounds tested altered the cell cycle and caused DNA damage, as indicated by the increase in γ-H2AX. The mechanisms underlying the pesticide effects involve the activation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways, oxidative imbalance, and inflammation. Glyphosate led to NLRP3 activation culminating in caspase-1 recruitment, while AMPA decreased NLRP3 immunocontent and GBH did not alter this pathway. Results of the present study suggest that exposure to glyphosate (isolated or in formulation) or to its metabolite AMPA may affect cell signaling pathways resulting in oxidative damage and inflammation, giving glioblastoma cells an advantage by increasing their proliferation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Daniele Bianco
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela Coelho Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maicon Roberto Kviecisnki
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ariane Zamoner
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Sipos TC, Kövecsi A, Ovidiu-Ioan Ș, Zsuzsánna P. General Clinico-Pathological Characteristics in Glioblastomas in Correlation with p53 and Ki67. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1918. [PMID: 38003967 PMCID: PMC10672788 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: A glioblastoma is an intra-axial brain tumour of glial origin that belongs to the category of diffuse gliomas and is the most common malignant neoplasia of the central nervous system. The rate of survival at 5 years, from the moment of diagnosis, is not higher than 10%. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, fifty-four patients diagnosed with glioblastoma, from the Pathology Department of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Târgu Mureș, between 2014 and 2017 were included. We studied the clinico-pathological data (age, gender, location, and laterality) and, respectively, the immunoexpression of p53, Ki67, ATRX, and IDH-1 proteins. Results: We observed a statistically significant association between the laterality of the tumour according to the age groups, with the localization on the right side being more frequent in the age group below 65 years of age, while the involvement of the left hemisphere was more prevalent in those over 65 years. Out of the total 54 cases, 87.04% were found to be primary glioblastomas; more than 70% of the cases were ATRX immunopositive; almost 80% of the glioblastomas studied had wild-type p53 profile; and 35% of the cases were found to have a Ki67 index greater than 20%. A statistically significant association between gender and ATRX mutation was found; female cases were ATRX immunopositive in 92% of the cases. Almost 70% of the cases were both IDH-1 and p53 wild-type, and we observed the presence of both mutations in only 3.7% of the cases. Approximately 83% of primary glioblastomas were ATRX positive, respectively, and all IDH-1 mutant cases were ATRX negative. Conclusions: Glioblastomas still represent a multidisciplinary challenge considering their reserved prognosis. In this study, we described the most common clinico-pathological characteristics and IHC marker expression profiles, highlighting a variety of percentage ranges in primary and secondary glioblastomas. Given the small number of studied cases, further prospective studies on larger cohorts are needed in the future to evaluate the role of these immunohistochemical markers as prognostic factors for survival or recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás-Csaba Sipos
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, Street Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540142 Târgu Mures, Romania; (T.-C.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Attila Kövecsi
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, Street Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540142 Târgu Mures, Romania;
| | - Șușu Ovidiu-Ioan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, Street Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540142 Târgu Mures, Romania; (T.-C.S.); (P.Z.)
| | - Pap Zsuzsánna
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mures, Street Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540142 Târgu Mures, Romania; (T.-C.S.); (P.Z.)
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Rabah N, Ait Mohand FE, Kravchenko-Balasha N. Understanding Glioblastoma Signaling, Heterogeneity, Invasiveness, and Drug Delivery Barriers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14256. [PMID: 37762559 PMCID: PMC10532387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent and aggressive type of brain cancer, namely, glioblastoma (GBM), is characterized by intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity and strong spreading capacity, which makes treatment ineffective. A true therapeutic answer is still in its infancy despite various studies that have made significant progress toward understanding the mechanisms behind GBM recurrence and its resistance. The primary causes of GBM recurrence are attributed to the heterogeneity and diffusive nature; therefore, monitoring the tumor's heterogeneity and spreading may offer a set of therapeutic targets that could improve the clinical management of GBM and prevent tumor relapse. Additionally, the blood-brain barrier (BBB)-related poor drug delivery that prevents effective drug concentrations within the tumor is discussed. With a primary emphasis on signaling heterogeneity, tumor infiltration, and computational modeling of GBM, this review covers typical therapeutic difficulties and factors contributing to drug resistance development and discusses potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nataly Kravchenko-Balasha
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (N.R.); (F.-E.A.M.)
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Zhao S, Wang Q, Ni K, Zhang P, Liu Y, Xie J, Ji W, Cheng C, Zhou Q. Combining single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing to identify exosome-related features of glioblastoma and constructing a prognostic model to identify BARD1 as a potential therapeutic target for GBM patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1263329. [PMID: 37727789 PMCID: PMC10505933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1263329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor. This study focused on exploring the exosome-related features of glioblastoma to better understand its cellular composition and molecular characteristics. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptome RNA sequencing (stRNA-seq) were used to analyze the heterogeneity of glioblastomas. After data integration, cell clustering, and annotation, five algorithms were used to calculate scores for exosome-related genes(ERGs). Cell trajectory analysis and intercellular communication analysis were performed to explore exosome-related communication patterns. Spatial transcriptome sequencing data were analyzed to validate the findings. To further utilize exosome-related features to aid in clinical decision-making, a prognostic model was constructed using GBM's bulk RNA-seq. Results Different cell subpopulations were observed in GBM, with Monocytes/macrophages and malignant cells in tumor samples showing higher exosome-related scores. After identifying differentially expressed ERGs in malignant cells, pseudotime analysis revealed the cellular status of malignant cells during development. Intercellular communication analysis highlighted signaling pathways and ligand-receptor interactions. Spatial transcriptome sequencing confirmed the high expression of exosome-related gene features in the tumor core region. A prognostic model based on six ERGs was shown to be predictive of overall survival and immunotherapy outcome in GBM patients. Finally, based on the results of scRNA-seq and prognostic modeling as well as a series of cell function experiments, BARD1 was identified as a novel target for the treatment of GBM. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the exosome-related features of GBM in both scRNA-seq and stRNA-seq, with malignant cells with higher exosome-related scores exhibiting stronger communication with Monocytes/macrophages. In terms of spatial data, highly scored malignant cells were also concentrated in the tumor core region. In bulk RNA-seq, patients with a high exosome-related index exhibited an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which was accompanied by a worse prognosis as well as immunotherapy outcomes. Prognostic models constructed using ERGs are expected to be independent prognostic indicators for GBM patients, with potential implications for personalized treatment strategies for GBM. Knockdown of BARD1 in GBM cell lines reduces the invasive and value-added capacity of tumor cells, and thus BARD1-positively expressing malignant cells are a risk factor for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kaixiang Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Wang J, Li S, Guo Y, Zhao C, Chen Y, Ning W, Yang J, Zhang H. Cuproptosis-related gene SLC31A1 expression correlates with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in glioma. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:279. [PMID: 37610668 PMCID: PMC10447603 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death. It is regulated by a string of genes. The genes are identified to influence the tumor progression, but in glioma, the cuproptosis-related genes are little studied. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) were used to screen for SLC31A1 gene expression in glioma and healthy tissue samples. The results were validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and the National Cancer Institute's Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) were used to validate our results at the protein level. Multivariable analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to examine the relationship among SLC31A1 gene expression, clinical parameters, and survival rates. The online Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) was used to find the genes and proteins that correlate to SLC31A1. The immune infiltration analysis was performed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases. Small interfering RNA was used to knock down the SLC31A1 expression, and the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were analyzed using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and transwell. The glioma patients have higher SLC31A1 expression levels, which increase as the World Health Organization (WHO) grade escalates. The survival analysis illustrates that the SLC31A1 gene expression negatively correlates with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). The immune infiltration analysis shows the SLC31A1 gene positively correlates with T helper 2 (Th2) cells, macrophages, and M2-type macrophages and negatively correlates with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), natural killer (NK) CD56bright cells, and CD8 T cells. The in vitro KD experiment shows the SLC31A1 knockdown depressed the glioma cell proliferation and migration and promoted the apoptosis rate. The SLC31A1 gene expression can shorten the survival time of glioma patients. In vitro study shows that SLC31A1 can promote cell proliferation, and migration, and depress the cell apoptosis of glioma cells. It also can promote the formation of a tumor-suppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuduo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihai Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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12
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Zanganeh S, Abbasgholinejad E, Doroudian M, Esmaelizad N, Farjadian F, Benhabbour SR. The Current Landscape of Glioblastoma Biomarkers in Body Fluids. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3804. [PMID: 37568620 PMCID: PMC10416862 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and lethal primary brain cancer that necessitates early detection and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as imaging techniques and tissue biopsies, have limitations in providing real-time information and distinguishing treatment-related changes from tumor progression. Liquid biopsies, used to analyze biomarkers in body fluids, offer a non-invasive and dynamic approach to detecting and monitoring GBM. This article provides an overview of GBM biomarkers in body fluids, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), cell-free RNA (cfRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and extracellular vesicles. It explores the clinical utility of these biomarkers for GBM detection, monitoring, and prognosis. Challenges and limitations in implementing liquid biopsy strategies in clinical practice are also discussed. The article highlights the potential of liquid biopsies as valuable tools for personalized GBM management but underscores the need for standardized protocols and further research to optimize their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Zanganeh
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Elham Abbasgholinejad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran; (E.A.); (N.E.)
| | - Mohammad Doroudian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran; (E.A.); (N.E.)
| | - Nazanin Esmaelizad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran; (E.A.); (N.E.)
| | - Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran;
| | - Soumya Rahima Benhabbour
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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13
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Hashemi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Sarhangi S, Mahmoodieh B, Koohpar ZK, Goharrizi MASB, Behroozaghdam M, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Zha W, Rashidi M, Abdi S, Taheriazam A, Nabavi N. Biological and therapeutic viewpoints towards role of miR-218 in human cancers: Revisiting molecular interactions and future clinical translations. Cell Signal 2023:110786. [PMID: 37380085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the exact pathogenesis of cancer is difficult due to heterogenous nature of tumor cells and multiple factors that cause its initiation and development. Treatment of cancer is mainly based on surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and their combination, while gene therapy has been emerged as a new kind of therapy for cancer. Post-transcriptional regulation of genes has been of interest in recent years and among various types of epigenetic factors that can modulate gene expression, short non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have obtained much attention. The stability of mRNA decreases by miRNAs to repress gene expression. miRNAs can regulate tumor malignancy and biological behavior of cancer cells and understanding their function in tumorigenesis can pave the way towards developing new therapeutics in future. One of the new emerging miRNAs in cancer therapy is miR-218 that increasing evidence highlights its anti-cancer activity, while a few studies demonstrate its oncogenic function. The miR-218 transfection is promising in reducing progression of tumor cells. miR-218 shows interactions with molecular mechanisms including apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT, and the interaction is different. miR-218 induces apoptosis, while it suppresses glycolysis, cytoprotective autophagy and EMT. Low expression of miR-218 can result in development of chemoresistance and radio-resistance in tumor cells and direct targeting of miR-218 as a key player is promising in cancer therapy. LncRNAs and circRNAs are nonprotein coding transcripts that can regulate miR-218 expression in human cancers. Moreover, low expression level of miR-218 can be observed in human cancers such as brain, gastrointestinal and urological cancers that mediate poor prognosis and low survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sareh Sarhangi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahmoodieh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences,Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Soheila Abdi
- Department of Physics, Safadasht Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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14
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Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż, Kołat D, Kośla K, Płuciennik E, Bednarek AK. Delineating the glioblastoma stemness by genes involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements and metabolic alterations. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:302-322. [PMID: 37342224 PMCID: PMC10277965 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Literature data on glioblastoma ongoingly underline the link between metabolism and cancer stemness, the latter is one responsible for potentiating the resistance to treatment, inter alia due to increased invasiveness. In recent years, glioblastoma stemness research has bashfully introduced a key aspect of cytoskeletal rearrangements, whereas the impact of the cytoskeleton on invasiveness is well known. Although non-stem glioblastoma cells are less invasive than glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), these cells also acquire stemness with greater ease if characterized as invasive cells and not tumor core cells. This suggests that glioblastoma stemness should be further investigated for any phenomena related to the cytoskeleton and metabolism, as they may provide new invasion-related insights. Previously, we proved that interplay between metabolism and cytoskeleton existed in glioblastoma. Despite searching for cytoskeleton-related processes in which the investigated genes might have been involved, not only did we stumble across the relation to metabolism but also reported genes that were found to be implicated in stemness. Thus, dedicated research on these genes in GSCs seems justifiable and might reveal novel directions and/or biomarkers that could be utilized in the future. Herein, we review the previously identified cytoskeleton/metabolism-related genes through the prism of glioblastoma stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Lodzkie, Poland
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Lodzkie, Poland
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kośla
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
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15
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El Baba R, Pasquereau S, Haidar Ahmad S, Monnien F, Abad M, Bibeau F, Herbein G. EZH2-Myc driven glioblastoma elicited by cytomegalovirus infection of human astrocytes. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02709-3. [PMID: 37147437 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence is identifying human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as a potential oncogenic virus. HCMV has been detected in malignant gliomas. EZH2 and Myc play a potential oncogenic role, correlating with the glioma grade. Herewith, we present the first experimental evidence for HCMV as a reprogramming vector, straight through the dedifferentiation of mature human astrocytes, and generation of CMV-Elicited Glioblastoma Cells (CEGBCs) possessing glioblastoma-like traits. HCMV counterparts the progression of the perceived cellular and molecular mechanisms succeeding the transformation and invasion processes with CEGBCs involved in spheroid formation and invasiveness. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) biopsies were characterized by an elevated EZH2 and Myc expression, possessing a strong positive correlation between the aforementioned markers in the presence of HCMV. From GBM tissues, we isolated HCMV clinical strains that transformed HAs toward CEGBCs exhibiting upregulated EZH2 and Myc. Spheroids generated from CEGBCs possessed invasion potential and were sensitive to EZH2 inhibitor, ganciclovir, and temozolomide triple therapy. HCMV clinical strains transform HAs and fit with an HCMV-induced glioblastoma model of oncogenesis, and supports the tumorigenic properties of Myc and EZH2 which might be highly pertinent in the pathophysiology of astrocytic brain tumors and thereby paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranim El Baba
- Department of Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB Laboratory EA4266, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Sébastien Pasquereau
- Department of Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB Laboratory EA4266, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Sandy Haidar Ahmad
- Department of Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB Laboratory EA4266, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Marine Abad
- Department of Pathology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | - Georges Herbein
- Department of Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB Laboratory EA4266, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
- Department of Virology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.
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16
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Teraiya M, Perreault H, Chen VC. An overview of glioblastoma multiforme and temozolomide resistance: can LC-MS-based proteomics reveal the fundamental mechanism of temozolomide resistance? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166207. [PMID: 37182181 PMCID: PMC10169742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary type of lethal brain tumor. Over the last two decades, temozolomide (TMZ) has remained the primary chemotherapy for GBM. However, TMZ resistance in GBM constitutes an underlying factor contributing to high rates of mortality. Despite intense efforts to understand the mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, there is currently a poor understanding of the molecular processes of drug resistance. For TMZ, several mechanisms linked to therapeutic resistance have been proposed. In the past decade, significant progress in the field of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been made. This review article discusses the molecular drivers of GBM, within the context of TMZ resistance with a particular emphasis on the potential benefits and insights of using global proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Teraiya
- Chemistry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Helene Perreault
- Chemistry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vincent C. Chen
- Chemistry Department, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada
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17
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Pezzotta A, Brioschi L, Carbone S, Mazzoleni B, Bontempi V, Monastra F, Mauri L, Marozzi A, Mione M, Pistocchi A, Viani P. Combined Inhibition of Hedgehog and HDAC6: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Reveal a New Role for Lysosomal Stress in Reducing Glioblastoma Cell Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065771. [PMID: 36982845 PMCID: PMC10051748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant brain tumor in adults. The invasiveness and the rapid progression that characterize GBM negatively impact patients’ survival. Temozolomide (TMZ) is currently considered the first-choice chemotherapeutic agent. Unfortunately, over 50% of patients with GBM do not respond to TMZ treatment, and the mutation-prone nature of GBM enables the development of resistance mechanisms. Therefore, efforts have been devoted to the dissection of aberrant pathways involved in GBM insurgence and resistance in order to identify new therapeutic targets. Among them, sphingolipid signaling, Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, and the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) activity are frequently dysregulated and may represent key targets to counteract GBM progression. Given the positive correlation between Hh/HDAC6/sphingolipid metabolism in GBM, we decided to perform a dual pharmacological inhibition of Hh and HDAC6 through cyclopamine and tubastatin A, respectively, in a human GMB cell line and zebrafish embryos. The combined administration of these compounds elicited a more significant reduction of GMB cell viability than did single treatments in vitro and in cells orthotopically transplanted in the zebrafish hindbrain ventricle. We demonstrated, for the first time, that the inhibition of these pathways induces lysosomal stress which results in an impaired fusion of lysosomes with autophagosomes and a block of sphingolipid degradation in GBM cell lines. This condition, which we also recapitulated in zebrafish embryos, suggests an impairment of lysosome-dependent processes involving autophagy and sphingolipid homeostasis and might be instrumental in the reduction of GBM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Pezzotta
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Loredana Brioschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Carbone
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mazzoleni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vittorio Bontempi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Federica Monastra
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Marozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Mione
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Anna Pistocchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (P.V.)
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, L.I.T.A., Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (P.V.)
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18
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Miretti M, Graglia MAG, Suárez AI, Prucca CG. Photodynamic Therapy for glioblastoma: a light at the end of the tunnel. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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19
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Fonseca ÁYG, González-Giraldo Y, Santos JG, Aristizábal-Pachón AF. The hsa-miR-516a-5p and hsa-miR-516b-5p microRNAs reduce the migration and invasion on T98G glioblastoma cell line. Cancer Genet 2023; 270-271:12-21. [PMID: 36410106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in numerous functions and processes in the brain and other organs through the regulation of gene and protein expression. miRNA dysregulation is associated with the development of several diseases, including the brain and Central Nervous System cancer (CNS). The hsa-miR-516a-5p and hsa-miR-516b-5p are involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion in different tumor models, but their antitumor effect has not been evaluated in cancer of CNS. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of the miRNAs hsa-miR-516a-5p and miRNA hsa-miR-516b-5p on the Glioblastoma cell line (T98G). We used synthetic miRNA mimics to induce the overexpression of both miRNAs in the cell line, which was corroborated by RT-qPCR. Next, we evaluated the effect on proliferation, migration, and invasion using the CyQuant direct kit, ThinCert ™ inserts and invasion BioCoat ™ Matrigel® Invasion Chambers. We found upregulation of these miRNAs induced significant changes on the migration and invasion processes of T98G cells, but not affected the proliferation rate. These results suggest that both microRNAs could be playing an important role in the control of tumor progression towards metastasis. The bioinformatics analysis showed that target genes for these miRNAs are involved in different biological processes such as in cell adhesion molecule binding and cell junction disassembly, which are important for cancer progression. Further studies and experimental validation are needed to identify the genes regulated by microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Y García Fonseca
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Yeimy González-Giraldo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Jannet Gonzalez Santos
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Andrés F Aristizábal-Pachón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
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Abdesheikhi J, Sedghy F, Farsinejad A, Mahmoudi M, ranjkesh M, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M. Protective potential of piroxicam on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells against the suppressive capacity of glioblastoma cell lines. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19806. [PMID: 36396965 PMCID: PMC9672323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone, a common medication used in the treatment regimen of glioblastoma, has broad inhibitory effects on the immune responses. Here, in an in vitro study, we examined the effects of piroxicam, a potent substitute for dexamethasone, on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultured with two glioblastoma cell lines, U-87 MG and A-172 cells. MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation of PBMCs treated with piroxicam, or dexamethasone. In addition, to evaluate the effects of drugs on the cell cycle distribution, DNA content per cell was analyzed in PBMCs and A-172 cell lines using flow cytometry. Oxidative parameters, including superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3) activity and total anti-antioxidant capacity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as IFN-γ and TGF-β levels were measured in PBMCs alone or in the presence of cell lines using ELISA. Unlike dexamethasone, piroxicam showed a protective effect on PBMCs against both glioblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, while dexamethasone reduced the proliferation of PBMCs, piroxicam had no adverse effect on the proliferation. Cell cycle analysis showed a reduction in the G2/M phase in piroxicam-treated A-172 cells. Additionally, dexamethasone limited the cell cycle progression by increasing the fraction of PBMCs in G0/G1. Interestingly, after co-culturing piroxicam-treated PBMCs with cell lines, a remarkable rise in the LDH activity was observed. Although not significant, piroxicam partially decreased TGF-β levels in both cell lines. Our findings suggested a protective effect of piroxicam, but not dexamethasone, on PBMCs against inhibitory mechanisms of two glioblastoma cell lines, U-87 and A-172 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Abdesheikhi
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farnaz Sedghy
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran ,grid.412503.10000 0000 9826 9569Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University, Pajoohesh Sq, Kerman, 7616914111 Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinejad
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran ,grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Merat Mahmoudi
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdi ranjkesh
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Institute of Neuropharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Genomic and Epigenomic Features of Glioblastoma Multiforme and its Biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4022960. [PMID: 36185622 PMCID: PMC9519330 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4022960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a serious and life-threatening tumor of central nervous system, characterized by aggressive behavior, poor prognosis, and low survival rate. Despite of the availability of aggressive antitumor therapeutic regimen for glioblastoma (radiotherapy followed by chemotherapeutic dose), recovery rate, and patients' survival ratio is attributed to the lack of selectivity of therapeutic drugs and less advancement in cancer therapeutics over last decade. Moreover, tools employed in conventional diagnosis of glioblastoma are more invasive and painful, making the process excruciating for the patients. These challenges urge for the need of novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction purpose with less invasiveness and more patient compliance. This article will explore the genetic biomarkers isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, MGMT mutations, and EGFR that can be deployed as an analytical tool in diagnosis of disease and prognosis of a therapeutic course. The review also highlights the importance of employing novel microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers. Recent clinical advancements to treat GBM and to prevent relapse of the disease are also discussed in this article in the hope of finding a robust and effective method to treat GBM.
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22
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Ashwini K, Shilpa S. Shetty, Ananthan Raghotham, Suchetha Kumari N., Praveen Kumar Shetty. Sex hormone receptors and glioblastoma. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i4.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the primary brain tumor of the central nervous system which is most common and the most aggressive of all other types of tumors. Current therapy for GBM involves surgical removal (excision) of the tumor followed by radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant therapy with temozolomide. Despite the improvement in therapy for GBM, survival of the patients remains poor, only up to 1 year. Treatment for GBM is limited due to the presence of blood brain barrier which prevents the entry of molecules with molecular weight >500 Dalton. Various gene mutations or over expressions lead to GBM growth. Evidence from the earlier reports suggest that epidermal growth factor receptor is overexpressed in 60% of GBM. Interestingly, recent studies have suggested the involvement of sex hormones in the development and progression of GBM though the underlying mechanism of action of these hormones is poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the role of sex hormones and their receptors, a contributing factor in the development of GBM
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23
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The Role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values in Glioblastoma: Differentiating Tumor Progression Versus Treatment-Related Changes. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2022; 46:923-928. [PMID: 36112011 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma represents the most common primary brain malignancy with a median survival of 15 months. Follow-up examinations are crucial to establish the presence of tumor recurrence, as well as treatment-associated changes such as ischemic infarction and radiation effects. Even though magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable tool, a histopathological diagnosis is often required because of imaging overlap between tumor recurrence and treatment associated changes. We set out to measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lesions in magnetic resonance imaging scans of treated glioblastoma patients to investigate if ADC values could accurately differentiate between tumor progression, radiation-related changes, and ischemic infarctions. METHODS We evaluated ADC values among 3 groups, patients with tumor progression, radiation necrosis, and ischemic infarctions. The regions of interest were placed in the areas of greatest hypointensity among solid lesions using the ADC maps, excluding areas with necrotic, cystic, or hemorrhagic changes. The ADC values of the contralateral normal appearing white matter were also measured as the reference value for each patient. The relative ADC (rADC) values were measured for all 3 groups. Comparison between lesions and normal white matter was evaluated by Wilcoxon signed test. RESULTS A total of 157 patients were included in the study; 49 patients classified as tumor progression, 58 patients as radiation necrosis, and 50 patients as ischemic infarctions. The mean ± SD ADC value was 752.8 ± 132.5 for tumor progression, 479.0 ± 105.2 for radiation-related changes, and 250.1 ± 57.2 for ischemic infarctions. The mean ± SD rADC value was 1.07 ± 0.22 for tumor progression, 0.66 ± 0.14 for radiation necrosis, and 0.34 ± 0.08 for ischemic infarctions. The mean rADC values were significantly higher in tumor progression, compared with both radiation necrosis and ischemic changes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that ADC values are a helpful tool to differentiate between tumor progression, radiation necrosis, and posttreatment ischemic changes.
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Safi C, Solano AG, Liberelle B, Therriault H, Delattre L, Abdelkhalek M, Wang C, Bergeron-Fortier S, Moreau V, De Crescenzo G, Faucheux N, Lauzon MA, Paquette B, Virgilio N. Effect of Chitosan on Alginate-Based Macroporous Hydrogels for the Capture of Glioblastoma Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4531-4540. [PMID: 35948423 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a type of brain cancer associated with a very low survival rate since a large number of cancer cells remain infiltrated in the brain despite the treatments currently available. This work presents a macroporous hydrogel trap, destined to be implanted in the surgical cavity following tumor resection and designed to attract and retain cancer cells, in order to eliminate them afterward with a lethal dose of stereotactic radiotherapy. The biocompatible hydrogel formulation comprises sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CHI) bearing complementary electrostatic charges and stabilizing the gels in saline and cell culture media, as compared to pristine SA gels. The highly controlled and interconnected porosity, characterized by X-ray microCT, yields mechanical properties comparable to those of brain tissues and allows F98 glioblastoma cells to penetrate the gels within the entire volume, as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. The addition of a grafted -RGD peptide on SA, combined with CHI, significantly enhances the adhesion and retention of F98 cells within the gels. Overall, the best compromise between low proliferation and a high level of accumulation and retention of F98 cells was obtained with the hydrogel formulated with 1% SA and 0.2% CHI, without the -RGD adhesion peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Safi
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Angela Giraldo Solano
- Center for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Benoit Liberelle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Hélène Therriault
- Center for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Lisa Delattre
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Melek Abdelkhalek
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Changsheng Wang
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Simon Bergeron-Fortier
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Vaiana Moreau
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 0A5, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 0A5, Canada
| | - Benoit Paquette
- Center for Research in Radiotherapy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nick Virgilio
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
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25
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Labib EM, Ezz El Arab LR, Ghanem HM, Hassan RE, Swellam M. Relevance of circulating MiRNA-21 and MiRNA-181 in prediction of glioblastoma multiforme prognosis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:924-929. [PMID: 32316783 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1739716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Authors aimed to investigate the clinical role of miR-21 and miR-181 among glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression for both miRs were detected in blood samples from newly diagnosed twenty GBM patients before and after treatment along with 20 healthy individuals using QPCR technology. RESULTS MiR-21 reported increase expression while miR-181 reported decreased expression in GBM patients. Expression of miR-21 was up-regulated in GBM patients older than 60 years and frontal mass with tumor size > 5 cm while miR-181 expression was down-regulated among them. Worse PFS and OS reported increase in miR-21 expression and decrease in miR-181 expression. CONCLUSION Detection of miR-21 and miR-181 expression levels may be a potential diagnostic and predictors for GBM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa M Labib
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna R Ezz El Arab
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Ghanem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, High Throughput Molecular and Genetic laboratory, Center for Excellences for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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26
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Ranjbar V, Molavipordanjani S, Biabani Ardakani J, Akhlaghi M, Nikkholgh B, Hosseinimehr SJ. Initial preclinical evaluation of 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser) 3 -LTVSPWY peptide as a PET radiotracer for glioblastoma targeting and imaging. Nucl Med Commun 2022; 43:945-951. [PMID: 35754162 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Imaging of glioblastoma multiform (GBM) tumor using 68 -Galium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraaceticacid-Ser-Ser-Ser-Leu-Thr-Val-Ser-Pro-Trp-Tyr ( 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser)3-LTVSPWY) as a PET radiotracer for HER2 receptor due to fact that this receptor plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis and tumor progression in a wide range of cancer. METHODS 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser) 3 -LTVSPWY was produced with high radiochemical purity. The affinity and specificity of this radiotracer toward HER2 receptor on the surface of glioma glioblastoma (U-87 MG) cell line were evaluated. Furthermore, the biodistribution and PET imaging of this radiolabeled peptide were investigated on xenografted U-87 MG tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS The in-vitro specific binding study revealed that the 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser) 3 -LTVSPWY binds to different cell lines with respect to their level of HER2 expression. The calculated K D and B max of radiolabeled peptide toward U-87 MG cell line were 5.5 ± 2.4 nmol/l and (2.4 ± 0.3) × 10 5 receptors per cell, respectively. The highest tumor uptake was observed at 30-min postinjection, whereas the tumor-to-muscle ratio was about four-fold. The acquired PET images distinctively show tumor site, which was blocked with excess nonlabeled peptide that revealed specific in-vivo targeting of 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser) 3 -LTVSPWY for glioma. CONCLUSION 68 Ga-DOTA-(Ser) 3 -LTVSPWY specifically recognizes HER2 receptors and could be a potential candidate for GBM imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venousheh Ranjbar
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Sajjad Molavipordanjani
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari
| | - Javad Biabani Ardakani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd
| | - Mehdi Akhlaghi
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd
| | - Babak Nikkholgh
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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27
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Xu H, Zhang L, Xia X, Shao W. Identification of a Five-mRNA Signature as a Novel Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Glioblastoma by Integrative Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:931938. [PMID: 35873480 PMCID: PMC9305328 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.931938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of advanced multimodal therapy, the prognosis of patients suffering from glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. We conducted a genome-wide integrative analysis of mRNA expression profiles in 302 GBM tissues and 209 normal brain tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to examine the prognostic and predictive value of specific mRNAs in GBM. A total of 26 mRNAs were identified to be closely related to GBM patients’ OS (p < 0.05). Utilizing survival analysis and the Cox regression model, we discovered a set of five mRNAs (PTPRN, ABCC3, MDK, NMB, and RALYL) from these 26 mRNAs that displayed the capacity to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups with statistically different overall survival in the training set. The model of the five-mRNA biomarker signature was successfully verified on a testing set and independent sets. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the five-mRNA biomarker signature was a prognostic factor for the survival of patients with GBM independent of clinical characteristics and molecular features (p < 0.05). Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the five-mRNA biomarker signature might be implicated in the incidence and development of GBM through its roles in known cancer-related pathways, signaling molecules, and the immune system. Moreover, consistent with the bioinformatics analysis, NMB, ABCC3, and MDK mRNA expression was considerably higher in four human GBM cells, and the expression of PTPRN and RALYL was decreased in GBM cells (p < 0.05). Our study developed a novel candidate model that provides new prospective prognostic biomarkers for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linfang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiujuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Shao,
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28
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Senhaji N, Squalli Houssaini A, Lamrabet S, Louati S, Bennis S. Molecular and Circulating Biomarkers in Patients with Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137474. [PMID: 35806478 PMCID: PMC9267689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive malignant tumor of the central nervous system with a low survival rate. The difficulty of obtaining this tumor material represents a major limitation, making the real-time monitoring of tumor progression difficult, especially in the events of recurrence or resistance to treatment. The identification of characteristic biomarkers is indispensable for an accurate diagnosis, the rigorous follow-up of patients, and the development of new personalized treatments. Liquid biopsy, as a minimally invasive procedure, holds promise in this regard. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current literature regarding the identification of molecular and circulating glioblastoma biomarkers and the importance of their integration as a valuable tool to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Senhaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco; (A.S.H.); (S.L.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-662600394
| | - Asmae Squalli Houssaini
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco; (A.S.H.); (S.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Salma Lamrabet
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco; (A.S.H.); (S.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Louati
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed Vth University, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Sanae Bennis
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco; (A.S.H.); (S.L.); (S.B.)
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29
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Grabowska M, Kuczyński K, Piwecka M, Rabiasz A, Zemła J, Głodowicz P, Wawrzyniak D, Lekka M, Rolle K. miR-218 affects the ECM composition and cell biomechanical properties of glioblastoma cells. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3913-3930. [PMID: 35702951 PMCID: PMC9279592 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumour. GBM cells have the ability to infiltrate into the surrounding brain tissue, which results in a significant decrease in the patient’s survival rate. Infiltration is a consequence of the low adhesion and high migration of the tumour cells, two features being associated with the highly remodelled extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we report that ECM composition is partially regulated at the post‐transcriptional level by miRNA. Particularly, we show that miR‐218, a well‐known miRNA suppressor, is involved in the direct regulation of ECM components, tenascin‐C (TN‐C) and syndecan‐2 (SDC‐2). We demonstrated that the overexpression of miR‐218 reduces the mRNA and protein expression levels of TN‐C and SDC‐2, and subsequently influences biomechanical properties of GBM cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and real‐time migration analysis revealed that miR‐218 overexpression impairs the migration potential and enhances the adhesive properties of cells. AFM analysis followed by F‐actin staining demonstrated that the expression level of miR‐218 has an impact on cell stiffness and cytoskeletal reorganization. Global gene expression analysis showed deregulation of a number of genes involved in tumour cell motility and adhesion or ECM remodelling upon miR‐218 treatment, suggesting further indirect interactions between the cells and ECM. The results demonstrated a direct impact of miR‐218 reduction in GBM tumours on the qualitative ECM content, leading to changes in the rigidity of the ECM and GBM cells being conducive to increased invasiveness of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konrad Kuczyński
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Piwecka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Rabiasz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Zemła
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Głodowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wawrzyniak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rolle
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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30
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Guo QL, Dai XL, Yin MY, Cheng HW, Qian HS, Wang H, Zhu DM, Wang XW. Nanosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: current progress and future perspectives. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:26. [PMID: 35676737 PMCID: PMC9178901 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, and it is associated with poor prognosis. Its characteristics of being highly invasive and undergoing heterogeneous genetic mutation, as well as the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), have reduced the efficacy of GBM treatment. The emergence of a novel therapeutic method, namely, sonodynamic therapy (SDT), provides a promising strategy for eradicating tumors via activated sonosensitizers coupled with low-intensity ultrasound. SDT can provide tumor killing effects for deep-seated tumors, such as brain tumors. However, conventional sonosensitizers cannot effectively reach the tumor region and kill additional tumor cells, especially brain tumor cells. Efforts should be made to develop a method to help therapeutic agents pass through the BBB and accumulate in brain tumors. With the development of novel multifunctional nanosensitizers and newly emerging combination strategies, the killing ability and selectivity of SDT have greatly improved and are accompanied with fewer side effects. In this review, we systematically summarize the findings of previous studies on SDT for GBM, with a focus on recent developments and promising directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Long Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xing-Liang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hong-Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hai-Sheng Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Dao-Ming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xian-Wen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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31
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Stepanović A, Nikitović M, Stanojković TP, Grujičić D, Bukumirić Z, Srbljak I, Ilić R, Milošević S, Arsenijević T, Petrović N. Association between microRNAs 10b/21/34a and acute toxicity in glioblastoma patients treated with radiotherapy and temozolomide. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7505. [PMID: 35525840 PMCID: PMC9079078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A personalized approach to chemoradiation is important in reducing its potential side effects and identifying a group of patients prone to toxicity. MicroRNAs have been shown to have a predictive potential for radiotoxicity. The goal of the study was to test if levels of miRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of glioblastoma patients are associated with toxicity and to identify the peak time point for toxicity. MicroRNA-10b/21/34a levels were measured in 43 patients with and without toxicity, at baseline, at the 15th, and at the 30th fraction by Real-Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. MicroRNA-10b/21 levels increased with toxicity grade (p = 0.014; p = 0.013); miR-21/34a levels were significantly different between patients with and without toxicity at the 15th fraction (p = 0.030; p = 0.045), while miR-34a levels significantly changed during treatment (p < 0.001). All three miRNAs showed a significantly high positive correlation with one another. MiR-34a might be considered as a predictive factor for toxicity due to its changes during treatment, and differences between the groups with and without toxicity; miR-10b might be used to predict toxicity; miR-10b/21 might be used for predicting the grade of toxicity in GB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Stepanović
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Nikitović
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tatjana P Stanojković
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Grujičić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology Department, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Bukumirić
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Srbljak
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rosanda Ilić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology Department, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Milošević
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology Department, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Arsenijević
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nina Petrović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,"VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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32
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Li Q, Aishwarya S, Li JP, Pan DX, Shi JP. Gene Expression Profiling of Glioblastoma to Recognize Potential Biomarker Candidates. Front Genet 2022; 13:832742. [PMID: 35571016 PMCID: PMC9091202 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.832742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord. Due to the blood–brain barrier, the accessibility of its treatments still remains significantly challenging. Unfortunately, the recurrence rates of glioblastoma upon surgery are very high too. Hence, understanding the molecular drivers of disease progression is valuable. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular drivers responsible for glioblastoma progression and identify valid biomarkers. Three microarray expression profiles GSE90604, GSE50601, and GSE134470 containing healthy and glioblastoma-affected samples revealed overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The interrelational pathway enrichment analysis elucidated the halt of cell cycle checkpoints and activation of signaling pathways and led to the identification of 6 predominant hub genes. Validation of hub genes in comparison with The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets identified the potential biomarkers of glioblastoma. The study evaluated two significantly upregulated genes, SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) and VIM (vimentin) for glioblastoma. The genes CACNA1E (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 e), SH3GL2 (SH3 domain-containing GRB2-like 2, endophilin A1), and DDN (dendrin) were identified as under-expressed genes as compared to the normal and pan-cancer tissues along with prominent putative prognostic biomarker potentials. The genes DDN and SH3GL2 were found to be upregulated in the proneural subtype, while CACNA1E in the mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma exhibits good prognostic potential. The mutational analysis also revealed the benign, possibly, and probably damaging substitution mutations. The correlation between the DEG and survival in glioblastoma was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier plots, and VIM had a greater life expectancy of 60.25 months. Overall, this study identified key candidate genes that might serve as predictive biomarkers for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - S. Aishwarya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
| | - Ji-Ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong-Xiao Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia-Pei Shi
- Department of Radiology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Pei Shi,
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Eldesouki S, Samara KA, Qadri R, Obaideen AA, Otour AH, Habbal O, Bm Ahmed S. XIST in Brain Cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:283-290. [PMID: 35483442 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) make up the majority of the human genome. They are a group of small RNA molecules that do not code for any proteins but play a primary role in regulating a variety of physiological and pathological processes. X-inactive specific transcript (XIST), one of the first lncRNAs to be discovered, is chiefly responsible for X chromosome inactivation: an evolutionary process of dosage compensation between the sex chromosomes of males and females. Recent studies show that XIST plays a pathophysiological role in the development and prognosis of brain tumors, a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that cause significant morbidity and mortality. In this review, we explore recent advancements in the role of XIST in migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and evasion of apoptosis in different types of brain tumors, with particular emphasis on gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamel A Samara
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rama Qadri
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | | | - Ahmad H Otour
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Omar Habbal
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Samrein Bm Ahmed
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE; College of Health and Wellbeing and Life sciences, Department of Biosciences and chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, UK
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Lu CH, Wei ST, Liu JJ, Chang YJ, Lin YF, Yu CS, Chang SLY. Recognition of a Novel Gene Signature for Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084157. [PMID: 35456975 PMCID: PMC9029857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignant and incurable brain tumors. The identification of a gene signature for GBM may be helpful for its diagnosis, treatment, prediction of prognosis and even the development of treatments. In this study, we used the GSE108474 database to perform GSEA and machine learning analysis, and identified a 33-gene signature of GBM by examining astrocytoma or non-GBM glioma differential gene expression. The 33 identified signature genes included the overexpressed genes COL6A2, ABCC3, COL8A1, FAM20A, ADM, CTHRC1, PDPN, IBSP, MIR210HG, GPX8, MYL9 and PDLIM4, as well as the underexpressed genes CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C, SHANK2 and VIPR2. Protein functional analysis by CELLO2GO implied that these signature genes might be involved in regulating various aspects of biological function, including anatomical structure development, cell proliferation and adhesion, signaling transduction and many of the genes were annotated in response to stress. Of these 33 signature genes, 23 have previously been reported to be functionally correlated with GBM; the roles of the remaining 10 genes in glioma development remain unknown. Our results were the first to reveal that GBM exhibited the overexpressed GPX8 gene and underexpressed signature genes including CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C and SHANK2, which might play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis of different gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tai Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Jun Liu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Sheng Yu
- Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan;
| | - Sunny Li-Yun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Recent advances in the therapeutic strategies of glioblastoma multiforme. Neuroscience 2022; 491:240-270. [PMID: 35395355 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common, most formidable, and deadliest malignant types of primary astrocytoma with a poor prognosis. At present, the standard of care includes surgical tumor resection, followed by radiation therapy concomitant with chemotherapy and temozolomide. New developments and significant advances in the treatment of GBM have been achieved in recent decades. However, despite the advances, recurrence is often inevitable, and the survival of patients remains low. Various factors contribute to the difficulty in identifying an effective therapeutic option, among which are tumor complexity, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the presence of GBM cancer stem cells, prompting the need for improving existing treatment approaches and investigating new treatment alternatives for ameliorating the treatment strategies of GBM. In this review, we outline some of the most recent literature on the various available treatment options such as surgery, radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, phototherapy, nanotherapy, and tumor treating fields in the treatment of GBM, and we list some of the potential future directions of GBM. The reviewed studies confirm that GBM is a sophisticated disease with several challenges for scientists to address. Hence, more studies and a multimodal therapeutic approach are crucial to yield an effective cure and prolong the survival of GBM patients.
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Effects of Vitexin, a Natural Flavonoid Glycoside, on the Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis of Human U251 Glioblastoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3129155. [PMID: 35281458 PMCID: PMC8906934 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3129155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by high recurrence and poor prognosis. Vitexin has shown activities against esophageal, liver, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancers; however, there is little knowledge on the activity of vitexin against glioblastoma. This study was therefore designed with aims to examine the effects of vitexin on proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of human U251 glioblastoma cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms using mRNA sequencing and molecular docking. Vitexin was found to inhibit cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion and promote apoptosis in U251 cells. mRNA sequencing identified 499 differentially expressed genes in vitexin-treated U251 cells relative to controls, including 154 upregulated genes and 345 downregulated genes. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were most significantly enriched in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and the downregulated genes were most significantly enriched in positive regulation of cell development and positive regulation of locomotion relating to biological processes, endoplasmic reticulum lumen and side of membrane relating to cellular components, and receptor ligand activity and receptor regulator activity relating to molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were involved in the pathways of transcriptional misregulation in cancer and the downregulated genes were involved in FoxO and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Western blotting assay revealed that vitexin treatment resulted in reduced p-JAK1, p-JAK3, and p-STAT3 protein expression in U251 cells relative to untreated controls, and molecular docking predicted that vitexin had docking scores of –8.8, –10.8, and –10.5 kJ/mol with STAT3, JAK1, and JAK2, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrate that vitexin inhibits the proliferation and invasion and induces the apoptosis of glioblastoma U251 cells through suppressing the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, and vitexin may be a promising potential agent for the chemotherapy of glioblastoma.
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Scheffel TB, Rockenbach L, Cruz FF, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Scholl JN, Figueiró F, Lenz G, Morrone FB. Inhibition of ATP hydrolysis as a key regulator of temozolomide resistance and migratory phenotype of glioblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 601:24-30. [PMID: 35220010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal among malignant gliomas. The tumor invasiveness and therapy-resistance are important clinical hallmarks. Growing evidence emphasizes the purinergic signaling contributing to tumor growth. Here we exposed a potential role of extracellular ATPase activity as a key regulator of temozolomide cytotoxicity and the migration process in GBM cells. The inhibition of ATP hydrolysis was able to improve the impact of temozolomide, causing arrest mainly in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, leading M059J and U251 cells to apoptosis. In addition to eradicating GBM cells, ATP hydrolysis exhibited a potential to modulate the invasive phenotype and the expression of proteins involved in cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like transition in a 3D culture model. Finally, we suggest the ATPase activity as a key target to decline temozolomide resistance and the migratory phenotype in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamiris Becker Scheffel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Liliana Rockenbach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandes Cruz
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Potential Therapeutic Effects of PPAR Ligands in Glioblastoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040621. [PMID: 35203272 PMCID: PMC8869892 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB), also known as grade IV astrocytoma, represents the most aggressive form of brain tumor, characterized by extraordinary heterogeneity and high invasiveness and mortality. Thus, a great deal of interest is currently being directed to investigate a new therapeutic strategy and in recent years, the research has focused its attention on the evaluation of the anticancer effects of some drugs already in use for other diseases. This is the case of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) ligands, which over the years have been revealed to possess anticancer properties. PPARs belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily and are divided into three main subtypes: PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ, and PPAR-γ. These receptors, once activated by specific natural or synthetic ligands, translocate to the nucleus and dimerize with the retinoid X receptors (RXR), starting the signal transduction of numerous genes involved in many physiological processes. PPARs receptors are activated by specific ligands and participate principally in the preservation of homeostasis and in lipid and glucose metabolism. In fact, synthetic PPAR-α agonists, such as fibrates, are drugs currently in use for the clinical treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, while PPAR-γ agonists, including thiazolidinediones (TZDs), are known as insulin-sensitizing drugs. In this review, we will analyze the role of PPARs receptors in the progression of tumorigenesis and the action of PPARs agonists in promoting, or not, the induction of cell death in GB cells, highlighting the conflicting opinions present in the literature.
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Chen JQ, Zhang N, Su ZL, Qiu HG, Zhuang XG, Tao ZH. Integrated Analysis to Obtain Potential Prognostic Signature in Glioblastoma. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 15:717629. [PMID: 35069135 PMCID: PMC8766324 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.717629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant and multiple tumors of the central nervous system. The survival rate for GBM patients is less than 15 months. We aimed to uncover the potential mechanism of GBM in tumor microenvironment and provide several candidate biomarkers for GBM prognosis. In this study, ESTIMATE analysis was used to divide the GBM patients into high and low immune or stromal score groups. Microenvironment associated genes were filtered through differential analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to correlate the genes and clinical traits. The candidate genes’ functions were annotated by enrichment analyses. The potential prognostic biomarkers were assessed by survival analysis. We obtained 81 immune associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for subsequent WGCNA analysis. Ten out of these DEGs were significantly associated with targeted molecular therapy of GBM patients. Three genes (S100A4, FCGR2B, and BIRC3) out of these genes were associated with overall survival and the independent test set testified the result. Here, we obtained three crucial genes that had good prognostic efficacy of GBM and may help to improve the prognostic prediction of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui-Guo Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin-Guo Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhi-hua Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-hua Tao,
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Singh M, Jindal D, Agarwal V, Pathak D, Sharma M, Pancham P, Mani S, Rachana. New phase therapeutic pursuits for targeted drug delivery in glioblastoma multiforme. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:866-888. [PMID: 36654821 PMCID: PMC9834280 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known as the most aggressive and prevalent brain tumor with a high mortality rate. It is reported in people who are as young as 10 years old to as old as over 70 years old, exhibiting inter and intra tumor heterogeneity. There are several genomic and proteomic investigations that have been performed to find the unexplored potential targets of the drug against GBM. Therefore, certain effective targets have been taken to further validate the studies embarking on the robustness in the field of medicinal chemistry followed by testing in clinical trials. Also, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has identified certain overexpressed targets involved in the pathogenesis of GBM in three major pathways, i.e., tumor protein 53 (p53), retinoblastoma (RB), and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/rat sarcoma virus (Ras)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. This review focuses on the compilation of recent developments in the fight against GBM thus, directing future research into the elucidation of pathogenesis and potential cure for GBM. Also, it highlights the potential biomarkers that have undergone extensive research and have promising prognostic and predictive values. Additionally, this manuscript analyses the advent of gene therapy and immunotherapy, unlocking the way to consider treatment approaches other than, or in addition to, conventional chemo-radiation therapies. This review study encompasses all the relevant research studies associated with the pathophysiology, occurrence, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic intervention for GBM. It highlights the evolution of various therapeutic perspectives against GBM from the most conventional form of radiotherapy to the recent advancement of gene/cell/immune therapy. Further, the review focuses on various targeted therapies for GBM including chemotherapy sensitization, radiotherapy, nanoparticles based, immunotherapy, cell therapy, and gene therapy which would offer a comprehensive account for exploring several facets related to GBM prognostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India,Correspondence: Manisha Singh, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India.
| | - Divya Jindal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Vinayak Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Deepanshi Pathak
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Mansi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Pranav Pancham
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Shalini Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
| | - Rachana
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida 201301, India
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Benameur T, Giacomucci G, Panaro MA, Ruggiero M, Trotta T, Monda V, Pizzolorusso I, Lofrumento DD, Porro C, Messina G. New Promising Therapeutic Avenues of Curcumin in Brain Diseases. Molecules 2021; 27:236. [PMID: 35011468 PMCID: PMC8746812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, the dietary polyphenol isolated from Curcuma longa (turmeric), is commonly used as an herb and spice worldwide. Because of its bio-pharmacological effects curcumin is also called "spice of life", in fact it is recognized that curcumin possesses important proprieties such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antiproliferative, anti-tumoral, and anti-aging. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Diseases, Parkinson's Diseases, and Multiple Sclerosis are a group of diseases characterized by a progressive loss of brain structure and function due to neuronal death; at present there is no effective treatment to cure these diseases. The protective effect of curcumin against some neurodegenerative diseases has been proven by in vivo and in vitro studies. The current review highlights the latest findings on the neuroprotective effects of curcumin, its bioavailability, its mechanism of action and its possible application for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Giulia Giacomucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biosciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Melania Ruggiero
- Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biosciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (T.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (T.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
- Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pizzolorusso
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Mental Health, ASL Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (T.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (T.T.); (V.M.); (G.M.)
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Zhang M, Chen H, Liang B, Wang X, Gu N, Xue F, Yue Q, Zhang Q, Hong J. Prognostic Value of mRNAsi/Corrected mRNAsi Calculated by the One-Class Logistic Regression Machine-Learning Algorithm in Glioblastoma Within Multiple Datasets. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:777921. [PMID: 34938774 PMCID: PMC8685528 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.777921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common glial tumour and has extremely poor prognosis. GBM stem-like cells drive tumorigenesis and progression. However, a systematic assessment of stemness indices and their association with immunological properties in GBM is lacking. We collected 874 GBM samples from four GBM cohorts (TCGA, CGGA, GSE4412, and GSE13041) and calculated the mRNA expression-based stemness indices (mRNAsi) and corrected mRNAsi (c_mRNAsi, mRNAsi/tumour purity) with OCLR algorithm. Then, mRNAsi/c_mRNAsi were used to quantify the stemness traits that correlated significantly with prognosis. Additionally, confounding variables were identified. We used discrimination, calibration, and model improvement capability to evaluate the established models. Finally, the CIBERSORTx algorithm and ssGSEA were implemented for functional analysis. Patients with high mRNAsi/c_mRNAsi GBM showed better prognosis among the four GBM cohorts. After identifying the confounding variables, c_mRNAsi still maintained its prognostic value. Model evaluation showed that the c_mRNAsi-based model performed well. Patients with high c_mRNAsi exhibited significant immune suppression. Moreover, c_mRNAsi correlated negatively with infiltrating levels of immune-related cells. In addition, ssGSEA revealed that immune-related pathways were generally activated in patients with high c_mRNAsi. We comprehensively evaluated GBM stemness indices based on large cohorts and established a c_mRNAsi-based classifier for prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangqin Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyuan Yue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Hong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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43
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Morás AM, Henn JG, Steffens Reinhardt L, Lenz G, Moura DJ. Recent developments in drug delivery strategies for targeting DNA damage response in glioblastoma. Life Sci 2021; 287:120128. [PMID: 34774874 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant brain tumor. The median survival for this disease is approximately 15 months, and despite all the available treatment strategies employed, it remains an incurable disease. Preclinical and clinical research have shown that the resistance process related to DNA damage repair pathways, glioma stem cells, blood-brain barrier selectivity, and dose-limiting toxicity of systemic treatment leads to poor clinical outcomes. In this context, the advent of drug delivery systems associated with localized treatment seems to be a promising and versatile alternative to overcome the failure of the current treatment approaches. In order to bypass therapeutic tumor resistance mechanisms, more effective combinatorial therapies should be identified, such as the use of cytotoxic drugs combined with the inhibition of DNA damage response (DDR)-related targets. Additionally, critical reasoning about the delivery approach and administration route in brain tumors treatment innovation is essential. The outcomes of future experimental studies regarding the association of delivery systems, alternative treatment routes, and DDR targets are expected to lead to the development of refined therapeutic interventions. Novel therapeutic approaches could improve the life's quality of glioblastoma patients and increase their survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Morás
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - J G Henn
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - L Steffens Reinhardt
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - G Lenz
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - D J Moura
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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44
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Wesley UV, Sutton I, Clark PA, Cunningham K, Larrain C, Kuo JS, Dempsey RJ. Enhanced expression of pentraxin-3 in glioblastoma cells correlates with increased invasion and IL8-VEGF signaling axis. Brain Res 2021; 1776:147752. [PMID: 34906547 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is highly invasive and resistant to multimodal treatment partly due to distorted vasculature and exacerbated inflammation. The aggressiveness of brain tumors may be attributed to the dysregulated release of angiogenic and inflammatory factors. The glycoprotein pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is correlated with the severity of some cancers. However, the mechanism responsible for the invasive oncogenic role of PTX3 in GB malignancy remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of PTX3 in GB growth, angiogenesis, and invasion using in vitro and in vivo GB models, proteomic profiling, molecular and biochemical approaches. Under in vitro conditions, PTX3 over-expression in U87 cells correlated with cell cycle progression, increased migratory potential, and proliferation under hypoxic conditions. Conditioned media containing PTX3 enhanced the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells. While silencing of PTX3 by siRNA decreased the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic potential of U87 cells in vitro. Importantly, PTX3 over-expression increased tumor growth, angiogenesis, and invasion in an orthotopic mouse model. Higher levels of PTX3 in these tumors were associated with the upregulation of inflammatory and angiogenic markers including interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but decreased levels of thrombospondin-1, an anti-angiogenic factor. Mechanistically, exogenous production of PTX3 triggered an IKK/NFκB signaling pathway that enhances the expression of the motility genes AHGEF7 and Rac1. Taken together, PTX3 expression is dysregulated in GB. PTX3 may augment invasion through enhanced angiogenesis in the GB microenvironment through the IL8-VEGF axis. Thus, PTX3 may represent a potential therapeutic target to mitigate the aggressive behavior of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umadevi V Wesley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States.
| | - Ian Sutton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States
| | - Paul A Clark
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States; Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States
| | - Katelin Cunningham
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States
| | - Carolina Larrain
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States
| | - John S Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, TAIWAN
| | - Robert J Dempsey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, United States.
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Lu W, Chen H, Liang B, Ou C, Zhang M, Yue Q, Xie J. Integrative Analyses and Verification of the Expression and Prognostic Significance for RCN1 in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:736947. [PMID: 34722631 PMCID: PMC8548715 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.736947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform is a lethal primary brain tumor derived from astrocytic, with a poor prognosis in adults. Reticulocalbin-1 (RCN1) is a calcium-binding protein, dysregulation of which contributes to tumorigenesis and progression in various cancers. The present study aimed to identify the impact of RCN1 on the outcomes of patients with Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The study applied two public databases to require RNA sequencing data of Glioblastoma multiform samples with clinical data for the construction of a training set and a validation set, respectively. We used bioinformatic analyses to determine that RCN1 could be an independent factor for the overall survival of Glioblastoma multiform patients. In the training set, the study constructed a predictive prognostic model based on the combination of RCN1 with various clinical parameters for overall survival at 0.5-, 1.0-, and 1.5-years, as well as developed a nomogram, which was further validated by validation set. Pathways analyses indicated that RCN1 was involved in KEAS and MYC pathways and apoptosis. In vitro experiments indicated that RCN1 promoted cell invasion of Glioblastoma multiform cells. These results illustrated the prognostic role of RCN1 for overall survival in Glioblastoma multiform patients, indicated the promotion of RCN1 in cell invasion, and suggested the probability of RCN1 as a potential targeted molecule for treatment in Glioblastoma multiform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaopeng Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyuan Yue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingdun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Sun Y, Ou-Yang L, Dai DQ. WMLRR: A Weighted Multi-View Low Rank Representation to Identify Cancer Subtypes From Multiple Types of Omics Data. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 18:2891-2897. [PMID: 33656995 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2021.3063284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The identification of cancer subtypes is of great importance for understanding the heterogeneity of tumors and providing patients with more accurate diagnoses and treatments. However, it is still a challenge to effectively integrate multiple omics data to establish cancer subtypes. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised integration method, named weighted multi-view low rank representation (WMLRR), to identify cancer subtypes from multiple types of omics data. Given a group of patients described by multiple omics data matrices, we first learn a unified affinity matrix which encodes the similarities among patients by exploring the sparsity-consistent low-rank representations from the joint decompositions of multiple omics data matrices. Unlike existing subtype identification methods that treat each omics data matrix equally, we assign a weight to each omics data matrix and learn these weights automatically through the optimization process. Finally, we apply spectral clustering on the learned affinity matrix to identify cancer subtypes. Experiment results show that the survival times between our identified cancer subtypes are significantly different, and our predicted survivals are more accurate than other state-of-the-art methods. In addition, some clinical analyses of the diseases also demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in identifying molecular subtypes with biological significance and clinical relevance.
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47
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Type V collagen alpha 1 chain promotes the malignancy of glioblastoma through PPRC1-ESM1 axis activation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:313. [PMID: 34702798 PMCID: PMC8548600 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal cancer. Existing therapies do not have significant efficacy for GBM patients. Previous studies have shown that the collagen family is involved in the regulation of the extracellular environment of cancer cells, and these conditions could become an important factor for effective treatment. Therefore, we screened various collagen types and observed that the type V collagen α1 chain (COL5A1) gene plays a pivotal role in GBM. We further examined whether the overexpression of COL5A1 is common in mesenchymal subtypes and is related to the survival rate of GBM patients through several in silico cohorts. In addition, our cohort also showed a consistent trend in COL5A1 protein levels. Most importantly, we validated the cell mobility, metastatic ability and actin polymerization status caused by COL5A1 with two-way models. Based on these results, we established a transcriptomics dataset based on COL5A1. Moreover, PPRC1, GK and ESM1 were predicted by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to be transcription factors or to participate downstream. We investigated the involvement of COL5A1 in extracellular remodeling and the regulation of actin filaments in the metastasis of GBM. Our results indicate that the COL5A1-PPRC1-ESM1 axis may represent a novel therapeutic target in GBM.
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Liu H, Qin S, Liu C, Jiang L, Li C, Yang J, Zhang S, Yan Z, Liu X, Yang J, Sun X. m 6A reader IGF2BP2-stabilized CASC9 accelerates glioblastoma aerobic glycolysis by enhancing HK2 mRNA stability. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:292. [PMID: 34645788 PMCID: PMC8514511 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been identified to exert critical roles in human cancer; however, the regulation of m6A modification on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CASC9 (cancer susceptibility 9) is still unclear. Firstly, MeRIP-Seq revealed the m6A profile in the GBM. Moreover, the m6A-related lncRNA CASC9 expression was significantly elevated in the GBM tissue and its ectopic high expression was associated with poor survival, acting as an independent prognostic factor for GBM patients. Functionally, the aerobic glycolysis was promoted in the CASC9 overexpression transfection, which was inhibited in CASC9 knockdown in GBM cells. Mechanistically, m6A reader IGF2BP2 (insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2) could recognize the m6A site of CASC9 and enhance its stability, then CASC9 cooperated with IGF2BP2, forming an IGF2BP2/CASC9 complex, to increase the HK2 (Hexokinase 2) mRNA stability. Our findings reveal that CASC9/IGF2BP2/HK2 axis promotes the aerobic glycolysis of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Changqi Liu
- Medical Records Room, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Le Jiang
- Office of Academic Research, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiankai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shunyao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongjie Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jipeng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Abstract
Since the inception of their profession, neurosurgeons have defined themselves as physicians with a surgical practice. Throughout time, neurosurgery has always taken advantage of technological advances to provide better and safer care for patients. In the ongoing precision medicine surge that drives patient-centric healthcare, neurosurgery strives to effectively embrace the era of data-driven medicine. Neuro-oncology best illustrates this convergence between surgery and precision medicine with the advent of molecular profiling, imaging and data analytics. This convenient convergence paves the way for new preventive, diagnostic, prognostic and targeted therapeutic perspectives. The prominent advances in healthcare and big data forcefully challenge the medical community to deeply rethink current and future medical practice. This work provides a historical perspective on neurosurgery. It also discusses the impact of the conceptual shift of precision medicine on neurosurgery through the lens of neuro-oncology.
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Huntly N, Freischel AR, Miller AK, Lloyd MC, Basanta D, Brown JS. Coexistence of “Cream Skimmer” and “Crumb Picker” Phenotypes in Nature and in Cancer. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.697618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 40 years ago, seminal papers by Armstrong and McGehee and by Levins showed that temporal fluctuations in resource availability could permit coexistence of two species on a single resource. Such coexistence results from non-linearities or non-additivities in the way resource supply translates into fitness. These reflect trade-offs where one species benefits more than the other during good periods and suffers more (or does less well) than the other during less good periods, be the periods stochastic, unstable population dynamics, or seasonal. Since, coexistence based on fluctuating conditions has been explored under the guises of “grazers” and “diggers,” variance partitioning, relative non-linearity, “opportunists” and “gleaners,” and as the storage effect. Here we focus on two phenotypes, “cream skimmers” and “crumb pickers,” the former having the advantage in richer times and the latter in less rich times. In nature, richer and poorer times, with regular or stochastic appearances, are the norm and occur on many time scales. Fluctuations among richer and poorer times also appear to be the norm in cancer ecosystems. Within tumors, nutrient availability, oxygen, and pH can fluctuate stochastically or periodically, with swings occurring over seconds to minutes to hours. Despite interest in tumor heterogeneity and how it promotes the coexistence of different cancer cell types, the effects of fluctuating resource availability have not been explored for cancer. Here, in the context of pulsed resources, we (1) develop models of foraging consumers who experience pulsed resources to examine four types of trade-offs that can promote coexistence of phenotypes that do relatively better in richer versus in poorer times, (2) establish that conditions in tumors are conducive for this mechanism, (3) propose and empirically explore biomarkers indicative of the two phenotypes (HIF-1, GLUT-1, CA IX, CA XII), and (4) and compare cream skimmer and crumb picker biology and ecology in nature and cancer to provide cross-disciplinary insights into this interesting, and, we argue, likely very common, mechanism of coexistence.
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