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Zhuo J, Wang C, Kai Y, Xu Y, Cheng K. The role of autophagy regulated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and innate lymphoid cells in eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1310. [PMID: 38888464 PMCID: PMC11184929 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and autophagy are important physiological processes. But their roles in eCRSwNP remains controversial. METHODS In this study, we used the eCRSwNP mouse model, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors, and autophagy inhibitors and activators to investigate the regulatory effects of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway on autophagy, and their effects on eosinophilic inflammation, and tissue remodeling. The role of ILC2s in eCRSwNP was also studied, and the relationship between ILC2s and autophagy was preliminarily determined. RESULTS Our results show that eosinophilic inflammation in eCRSwNP mice could be inhibited by promoting the autophagy; otherwise, eosinophilic inflammation could be promoted. Meanwhile, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway can further promote autophagy and inhibit eosinophilic inflammation. Meanwhile, inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and promoting autophagy can reduce the number of ILC2s and the severity of tissue remodeling in the nasal polyps of eCRSwNP mice. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays roles in eosinophilic inflammation and tissue remodeling of eCRSwNP, in part by regulating the level of autophagy. The downregulation of autophagy is a pathogenesis of eCRSwNP; therefore, the recovery of normal autophagy levels might be a new target for eCRSwNP therapy. Furthermore, autophagy might inhibit eosinophilic inflammation and tissue remodeling, in part by reducing the number of ILC2s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Jing Zhuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yi‐Long Kai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ying‐Ying Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ke‐Jia Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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MiR-223-3p regulates the eosinophil degranulation and enhances the inflammation in allergic rhinitis by targeting FBXW7. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110007. [PMID: 36924565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MiR-223-3p is a multifunctional microRNA regulated by multiple transcription factors and plays a critical role in inflammation. This paper was designed to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of miR-223-3p in eosinophils degranulation and allergic rhinitis (AR) inflammation. METHODS OVA sensitized AR mouse model and EOL-1 cells model were established. RT-qPCR and FISH were performed to detect the miR-223-3p expression. ELISA and WB were utilized to evaluate mRNA and protein expression. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy were applied to observe the morphological changes in nasal mucosa. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to measure the proportion of eosinophils and eosinophilic major basic protein expression. The targeting relationship between miR-223-3p and FBXW7 was verified by bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of FBXW7 was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The level of miR-223-3p in nasal mucosa was significantly up-regulated in AR group. The expression of miR-223-3p, ECP, MBP, and EPO were increased in EOL-1 cells, further increasing the miR-223-3p level could promote the ECP and EPO mRNA expression. Upregulation of miR-223-3p increased eosinophils granule protein expression, aggravated mucosal destruction and enhanced AR inflammation. Luciferase assay verified miR-223-3p directly target the 3'-UTR of FBXW7. In vitro, overexpression of FBXW7 could reverse the increase in MBP expression caused by the up-regulation of miR-223-3p. In vivo, knockdown of FBXW7 could reverse the down-regulation in granule protein level caused by the down-regulation of miR-223-3p, thereby aggravating AR inflammation. CONCLUSION Collected evidence elucidated that miR-223-3p could regulate the eosinophil degranulation and enhances the inflammation in AR by targeting FBXW7. The miR-223-3p/FBXW7 axis may provide a novel approach for AR treatment.
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Jiang Y, Pan Q, Zhu X, Liu J, Liu Z, Deng Y, Liu W, Liu Y. Knockdown of CCR3 gene inhibits Proliferation, migration and degranulation of eosinophils in mice by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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The Roles of Autophagy, Mitophagy, and the Akt/mTOR Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:2273121. [PMID: 35747690 PMCID: PMC9213180 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2273121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of CRSwNP is complex and unclear. CRSwNP is subdivided into two types based on the infiltration of EOSs: eCRSwNP and noeCRSwNP. This study was designed to seek the role of autophagy, mitophagy, and Akt/mTOR pathway in these two subtypes of CRSwNP. This study included 29 patients with CRSwNP and 9 controls. The levels of autophagy, mitophagy, and Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins in nasal tissues were quantified using western blot analysis. Levels of eosinophilic inflammation-related cytokines in nasal tissues were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry was also used to evaluate autophagy, mitophagy, and Akt/mTOR pathway-related protein expression and distribution in nasal polyps and control tissues. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the formation of autophagosomes and mitochondrial autophagosomes. Masson's trichrome and periodic acid–Schiff Alcian blue staining were used to evaluate the severity of tissue remodeling. The expression of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR was upregulated in patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. Beclin 1, PINK1, BNIP3, and FUNDC1 levels were significantly reduced in the nasal polyps of patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. Autophagosomes and mitochondrial autophagosomes formed less frequently in the nasal polyps of patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. Levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and ECP and the eotaxins CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 were elevated in the nasal polyps of patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. Tissue remodeling is enhanced in patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. The Akt/mTOR pathway, eosinophilic inflammation, and tissue remodeling are activated in the nasal polyps of patients with eCRSwNP or noeCRSwNP. The downregulation of autophagy and mitophagy is also observed in eosinophilic and noneosinophilic nasal polyps. The targeting of mitophagy may provide new therapeutic options for different endotypes of CRSwNP.
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Yuan J, Liu Y, Yu J, Dai M, Zhu Y, Bao Y, Peng H, Liu K, Zhu X. Gene knockdown of CCR3 reduces eosinophilic inflammation and the Th2 immune response by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in allergic rhinitis mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5411. [PMID: 35354939 PMCID: PMC8969185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The CCR3 gene plays a critical role in allergic airway inflammation, such as allergic rhinitis (AR), and there is an inflammatory signal link between the nasal cavity and the CCR3 gene in bone marrow. However, the effects of the CCR3 gene in bone marrow cells on AR are not clear. The present study investigated the roles and underlying mechanisms of the bone marrow CCR3 gene in AR mice. Conditional knockout of the bone marrow CCR3 gene (CKO) in mice was generated using the Cre-LoxP recombination system, and offspring genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An ovalbumin-induced AR model was established in CKO and wild-type mice to measure eosinophilic inflammation and the Th2 immune response. The following mechanisms were explored using a specific PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor (Ly294002). We successfully constructed and bred homozygous CKO mice and confirmed a significant increase in CCR3 expression and PI3K/AKT pathway activity in AR mice. Deficiency of the bone marrow CCR3 gene caused a remarkable reduction of CCR3 expression and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activity, inhibited histopathological lesions and eosinophil infiltration of the nasal cavity, and reduced the production of Th2 cytokines in serum, which led to the remission of allergic symptoms in AR mice. Ly294002 treatment also decreased these inflammatory indexes in a concentration-dependent manner and blocked inflammatory signals from CCR3, but it did not affect the high expression of CCR3 in AR mice. Collectively, our results suggest that conditional knockout of the bone marrow CCR3 gene can reduce eosinophilic inflammation and the Th2 immune response, which may be due to inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Juan Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Meina Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Youwei Bao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Haisen Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xinhua Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Nucera F, Lo Bello F, Shen SS, Ruggeri P, Coppolino I, Di Stefano A, Stellato C, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of Atypical Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors Pathways in the Pathogenesis of COPD. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2577-2653. [PMID: 32819230 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200819145327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a heightened inflammatory response in the lung generally resulting from tobacco smoking-induced recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells and/or activation of lower airway structural cells. Several mediators can modulate activation and recruitment of these cells, particularly those belonging to the chemokines (conventional and atypical) family. There is emerging evidence for complex roles of atypical chemokines and their receptors (such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), antimicrobial peptides, receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) or toll-like receptors (TLRs)) in the pathogenesis of COPD, both in the stable disease and during exacerbations. Modulators of these pathways represent potential novel therapies for COPD and many are now in preclinical development. Inhibition of only a single atypical chemokine or receptor may not block inflammatory processes because there is redundancy in this network. However, there are many animal studies that encourage studies for modulating the atypical chemokine network in COPD. Thus, few pharmaceutical companies maintain a significant interest in developing agents that target these molecules as potential antiinflammatory drugs. Antibody-based (biological) and small molecule drug (SMD)-based therapies targeting atypical chemokines and/or their receptors are mostly at the preclinical stage and their progression to clinical trials is eagerly awaited. These agents will most likely enhance our knowledge about the role of atypical chemokines in COPD pathophysiology and thereby improve COPD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Sj S Shen
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Division of Pneumology, Cyto- Immunopathology Laboratory of the Cardio-Respiratory System, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
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Cafe SL, Nixon B, Ecroyd H, Martin JH, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Bromfield EG. Proteostasis in the Male and Female Germline: A New Outlook on the Maintenance of Reproductive Health. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660626. [PMID: 33937261 PMCID: PMC8085359 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For fully differentiated, long lived cells the maintenance of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) becomes a crucial determinant of cellular function and viability. Neurons are the most well-known example of this phenomenon where the majority of these cells must survive the entire course of life. However, male and female germ cells are also uniquely dependent on the maintenance of proteostasis to achieve successful fertilization. Oocytes, also long-lived cells, are subjected to prolonged periods of arrest and are largely reliant on the translation of stored mRNAs, accumulated during the growth period, to support meiotic maturation and subsequent embryogenesis. Conversely, sperm cells, while relatively ephemeral, are completely reliant on proteostasis due to the absence of both transcription and translation. Despite these remarkable, cell-specific features there has been little focus on understanding protein homeostasis in reproductive cells and how/whether proteostasis is "reset" during embryogenesis. Here, we seek to capture the momentum of this growing field by highlighting novel findings regarding germline proteostasis and how this knowledge can be used to promote reproductive health. In this review we capture proteostasis in the context of both somatic cell and germline aging and discuss the influence of oxidative stress on protein function. In particular, we highlight the contributions of proteostasis changes to oocyte aging and encourage a focus in this area that may complement the extensive analyses of DNA damage and aneuploidy that have long occupied the oocyte aging field. Moreover, we discuss the influence of common non-enzymatic protein modifications on the stability of proteins in the male germline, how these changes affect sperm function, and how they may be prevented to preserve fertility. Through this review we aim to bring to light a new trajectory for our field and highlight the potential to harness the germ cell's natural proteostasis mechanisms to improve reproductive health. This manuscript will be of interest to those in the fields of proteostasis, aging, male and female gamete reproductive biology, embryogenesis, and life course health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenae L. Cafe
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacinta H. Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David A. Skerrett-Byrne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G. Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Sun X, Hou T, Cheung E, Iu TNT, Tam VWH, Chu IMT, Tsang MSM, Chan PKS, Lam CWK, Wong CK. Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the novel cytokine interleukin-38 in allergic asthma. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:631-646. [PMID: 31645649 PMCID: PMC7264207 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We elucidated the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of IL-38 in allergic asthma. Human bronchial epithelial cells and eosinophils were cocultured upon stimulation with the viral RLR ligand poly (I:C)/LyoVec or infection-related cytokine TNF-α to induce expression of cytokines/chemokines/adhesion molecules. House dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma and humanized allergic asthma NOD/SCID murine models were established to assess anti-inflammatory mechanisms in vivo. IL-38 significantly inhibited induced proinflammatory IL-6, IL-1β, CCL5, and CXCL10 production, and antiviral interferon-β and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the coculture system. Mass cytometry and RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that IL-38 could antagonize the activation of the intracellular STAT1, STAT3, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and NF-κB pathways, and upregulate the expression of the host defense-related gene POU2AF1 and anti-allergic response gene RGS13. Intraperitoneal injection of IL-38 into HDM-induced allergic asthma mice could ameliorate airway hyperreactivity by decreasing the accumulation of eosinophils in the lungs and inhibiting the expression of the Th2-related cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung homogenates. Histological examination indicated lung inflammation was alleviated by reductions in cell infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia, together with reduced Th2, Th17, and innate lymphoid type 2 cell numbers but increased proportions of regulatory T cells in the lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes. IL-38 administration suppressed airway hyperreactivity and asthma-related IL-4 and IL-5 expression in humanized mice, together with significantly decreased CCR3+ eosinophil numbers in the BALF and lungs, and a reduced percentage of human CD4+CRTH2+ Th2 cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Together, our results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of IL-38 and provided a basis for the development of a regulatory cytokine-based treatment for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianheng Hou
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edwin Cheung
- Cancer Centre; Centre of Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Tiffany Nga-Teng Iu
- Cancer Centre; Centre of Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Victor Wai-Hou Tam
- Cancer Centre; Centre of Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ida Miu-Ting Chu
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda Sin-Man Tsang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul Kay-Sheung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Wai-Kei Lam
- Faculty of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Blocking the autocrine regulatory loop of Gankyrin/STAT3/CCL24/CCR3 impairs the progression and pazopanib resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:117. [PMID: 32051393 PMCID: PMC7015941 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients is due to progression and targeted drug resistance, but the underlying molecular mechanisms need further elucidation. This study examined the biological function and related mechanisms of gankyrin in ccRCC based on the results of our previous study. To this end, in vitro functional experiments; in vivo models of subcutaneous tumor formation, lung metastasis, and orthotopic ccRCC; and antibody chip detection, co-IP, ChIP assays were performed to examine the biological role and molecular mechanisms of gankyrin in ccRCC. Two hundred fifty-six ccRCC patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts to examine the prognostic value of gankyrin and other markers through IHC and statistical analyses. We observed that the gankyrin-overexpressing ccRCC cell lines 786-O and 769-P exhibited increased proliferation, invasion, migration, tumorigenicity, and pazopanib resistance and decreased apoptosis, while gankyrin knockdown achieved the opposite results. Mechanistically, gankyrin recruited STAT3 via direct binding, and STAT3 binding to the CCL24 promoter promoted its expression. Reciprocally, an increase in autocrine CCL24 enhanced the expression of gankyrin and STAT3 activation via CCR3 in ccRCC, forming a positive autocrine-regulatory loop. Furthermore, in vivo experimental results revealed that blocking the positive loop through gankyrin knockdown or treatment with the CCR3 inhibitor SB328437 reversed the resistance to pazopanib and inhibited lung metastasis in ccRCC. Moreover, a positive correlation between gankyrin and STAT3 or CCL24 expression in ccRCC specimens was observed, and improved accuracy for ccRCC patient prognosis was achieved by combining gankyrin and STAT3 or CCL24 expression with existing clinical prognostic indicators, including the TNM stage and SSIGN score. In summary, targeting the gankyrin/STAT3/CCL24/CCR3 autocrine-regulatory loop may serve as a remedy for patients with advanced ccRCC, and combining gankyrin and STAT3 or CCL24 expression with the current clinical indicators better predicts ccRCC patient prognosis.
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Gotte G, Menegazzi M. Biological Activities of Secretory RNases: Focus on Their Oligomerization to Design Antitumor Drugs. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2626. [PMID: 31849926 PMCID: PMC6901985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleases (RNases) are a large number of enzymes gathered into different bacterial or eukaryotic superfamilies. Bovine pancreatic RNase A, bovine seminal BS-RNase, human pancreatic RNase 1, angiogenin (RNase 5), and amphibian onconase belong to the pancreatic type superfamily, while binase and barnase are in the bacterial RNase N1/T1 family. In physiological conditions, most RNases secreted in the extracellular space counteract the undesired effects of extracellular RNAs and become protective against infections. Instead, if they enter the cell, RNases can digest intracellular RNAs, becoming cytotoxic and having advantageous effects against malignant cells. Their biological activities have been investigated either in vitro, toward a number of different cancer cell lines, or in some cases in vivo to test their potential therapeutic use. However, immunogenicity or other undesired effects have sometimes been associated with their action. Nevertheless, the use of RNases in therapy remains an appealing strategy against some still incurable tumors, such as mesothelioma, melanoma, or pancreatic cancer. The RNase inhibitor (RI) present inside almost all cells is the most efficacious sentry to counteract the ribonucleolytic action against intracellular RNAs because it forms a tight, irreversible and enzymatically inactive complex with many monomeric RNases. Therefore, dimerization or multimerization could represent a useful strategy for RNases to exert a remarkable cytotoxic activity by evading the interaction with RI by steric hindrance. Indeed, the majority of the mentioned RNases can hetero-dimerize with antibody derivatives, or even homo-dimerize or multimerize, spontaneously or artificially. This can occur through weak interactions or upon introducing covalent bonds. Immuno-RNases, in particular, are fusion proteins representing promising drugs by combining high target specificity with easy delivery in tumors. The results concerning the biological features of many RNases reported in the literature are described and discussed in this review. Furthermore, the activities displayed by some RNases forming oligomeric complexes, the mechanisms driving toward these supramolecular structures, and the biological rebounds connected are analyzed. These aspects are offered with the perspective to suggest possible efficacious therapeutic applications for RNases oligomeric derivatives that could contemporarily lack, or strongly reduce, immunogenicity and other undesired side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gotte
- Biological Chemistry Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Biological Chemistry Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Shamri R, Young KM, Weller PF. Rho and Rac, but not ROCK, are required for secretion of human and mouse eosinophil-associated RNases. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:190-198. [PMID: 30295352 PMCID: PMC6353669 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophil-associated RNases (EARs) are stored preformed in eosinophil cytoplasmic secretory granules and have a key role in eosinophil effector functions in host defence and inflammatory disorders. However, the secretion mechanisms of EARs are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to understand the involvement of cytoskeleton machinery in EAR secretion. METHODS Fresh human and mouse eosinophils were stimulated with CCL11, and the secretion of enzymatically active EARs was detected using an RNase activity assay. The involvement of cytoskeletal elements or microtubules was probed using specific inhibitors. RESULTS We found that dynamic polymerization of microtubules and cytoskeletal elements, such as Rho and Rac, is required for chemokine-mediated EAR secretion from human and mouse eosinophils. However, inhibition of ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) increased EAR secretion in human and mouse eosinophils even in the absence of chemokine stimulation, suggesting ROCK negatively regulates EAR secretion. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data suggest a cytoskeleton-dependent mechanism of EAR secretion from eosinophils, findings that are pertinent to host defence, allergy and other eosinophil-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revital Shamri
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91120
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 02215
| | - Kristen M. Young
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 02215
| | - Peter F. Weller
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 02215
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Haggadone MD, Peters-Golden M. Microenvironmental Influences on Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Communication in the Lung. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:963-975. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhu X, Liu K, Wang J, Peng H, Pan Q, Wu S, Jiang Y, Liu Y. C‑C chemokine receptor type 3 gene knockout alleviates inflammatory responses in allergic rhinitis model mice by regulating the expression of eosinophil granule proteins and immune factors. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3780-3790. [PMID: 30106146 PMCID: PMC6131541 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of C‑C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3) gene knockout on allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Ovalbumin was administrated to CCR3+/+ and CCR3‑/‑ BALB/c mice to establish an AR model. The mice were divided into four groups: i) Normal control (CG), ii) AR model (AR), iii) CCR3 knockout CG (CCR3‑/‑CG) and iv) AR model with CCR3 knockout (CCR3‑/‑AR). Histological sections of nasal mucosae were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, which revealed that CCR3 knockout suppressed the invasion of inflammatory cells and relieved the damage of nasal mucosae. Peripheral blood smear and nasal‑washing smears were evaluated by Wright's staining. Eosinophil (EOS) numbers in nasal mucosae, peripheral blood, and nasal washings of the various groups were ranked in the order: AR>CCR3‑/‑AR>CG>CCR3‑/‑. mRNA expression levels of CCR3, EOS peroxidase (EPO), EOS cationic protein (ECP), and major basic protein (MBP) in the peripheral serum and nasal washings were detected by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction. Interferon‑γ (IFN‑γ), interleukin (IL)‑4, IL‑10, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) protein levels in the peripheral serum and nasal washings were investigated by ELISA. CCR3 mRNA expression was not detected in the CCR3‑/‑ and CCR3‑/‑AR groups, whereas expression levels in the AR group were markedly higher compared with expression in the CG group. Compared with the CG‑associated groups (i.e., the CG and CCR3‑/‑CG groups), the levels of EPO, ECP, MBP, IL‑4, and IgE were significantly increased in the AR‑associated groups (that is, R and CCR3‑/‑AR). In addition, the CCR3‑/‑AR group mice produced significantly lower levels of EPO, ECP, MBP, IL‑4 and IgE compared with the AR group, whereas the expression levels of IFN‑γ and IL‑10 were increased. CCR3 gene knockout may alleviate EOS invasion and the inflammatory response in AR model mice by reducing the expression levels of EPO, ECP, MBP, IL‑4, and IgE, and increasing the expression of IL‑10 and IFN‑γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Haisen Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qibin Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yinli Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Lu KH, Su SC, Lin CW, Hsieh YH, Lin YC, Chien MH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Melatonin attenuates osteosarcoma cell invasion by suppression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 through inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12507. [PMID: 29766567 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, with its high metastatic potential, is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Melatonin possesses multiple tumor-suppressing properties for a myriad of tumors, but little is known about the effects of melatonin on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin elicited very low cytotoxicity and significantly inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion in human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we revealed that melatonin repressed C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24) gene expression in U2OS cells. Manipulation of CCL24 levels influenced the motility of osteosarcoma cells as cell migration and invasion were enhanced by the addition of recombinant human CCL24 and attenuated by the silencing of CCL24. Moreover, melatonin increased and decreased the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner in U2OS and HOS cells while exerting no evident influence on the level and activation of p38, Akt, FAK, steroid receptor coactivator, or Raf. In further functional experiments, the use of JNK inhibitors (SP600125 and DN-JNK) confirmed that the pharmaceutic inhibition of JNK augmented the melatonin-mediated CCL24 suppression and migration of U2OS cells. Overall, our results revealed that melatonin attenuated chemokine CCL24 levels through inhibition of the JNK pathway to hinder human osteosarcoma cell invasion, thereby highlighting the therapeutic potential of melatonin for osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chiu Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Lu L, Li J, Moussaoui M, Boix E. Immune Modulation by Human Secreted RNases at the Extracellular Space. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1012. [PMID: 29867984 PMCID: PMC5964141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribonuclease A superfamily is a vertebrate-specific family of proteins that encompasses eight functional members in humans. The proteins are secreted by diverse innate immune cells, from blood cells to epithelial cells and their levels in our body fluids correlate with infection and inflammation processes. Recent studies ascribe a prominent role to secretory RNases in the extracellular space. Extracellular RNases endowed with immuno-modulatory and antimicrobial properties can participate in a wide variety of host defense tasks, from performing cellular housekeeping to maintaining body fluid sterility. Their expression and secretion are induced in response to a variety of injury stimuli. The secreted proteins can target damaged cells and facilitate their removal from the focus of infection or inflammation. Following tissue damage, RNases can participate in clearing RNA from cellular debris or work as signaling molecules to regulate the host response and contribute to tissue remodeling and repair. We provide here an overall perspective on the current knowledge of human RNases’ biological properties and their role in health and disease. The review also includes a brief description of other vertebrate family members and unrelated extracellular RNases that share common mechanisms of action. A better knowledge of RNase mechanism of actions and an understanding of their physiological roles should facilitate the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Mohammed Moussaoui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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16
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Esnault S, Shen ZJ, Malter JS. Protein Translation and Signaling in Human Eosinophils. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:150. [PMID: 28971096 PMCID: PMC5609579 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported that, unlike IL-5 and GM-CSF, IL-3 induces increased translation of a subset of mRNAs. In addition, we have demonstrated that Pin1 controls the activity of mRNA binding proteins, leading to enhanced mRNA stability, GM-CSF protein production and prolonged eosinophil (EOS) survival. In this review, discussion will include an overview of cap-dependent protein translation and its regulation by intracellular signaling pathways. We will address the more general process of mRNA post-transcriptional regulation, especially regarding mRNA binding proteins, which are critical effectors of protein translation. Furthermore, we will focus on (1) the roles of IL-3-driven sustained signaling on enhanced protein translation in EOS, (2) the mechanisms regulating mRNA binding proteins activity in EOS, and (3) the potential targeting of IL-3 signaling and the signaling leading to mRNA binding activity changes to identify therapeutic targets to treat EOS-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Zhong-Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - James S Malter
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Eichler TE, Becknell B, Easterling RS, Ingraham SE, Cohen DM, Schwaderer AL, Hains DS, Li B, Cohen A, Metheny J, Tridandapani S, Spencer JD. Insulin and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway regulate Ribonuclease 7 expression in the human urinary tract. Kidney Int 2016; 90:568-79. [PMID: 27401534 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease associated with a deficiency of insulin production or action. Diabetic patients have an increased susceptibility to infection with the urinary tract being the most common site. Recent studies suggest that Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) is a potent antimicrobial peptide that plays an important role in protecting the urinary tract from bacterial insult. Because the impact of diabetes on RNase 7 expression and function are unknown, we investigated the effects of insulin on RNase 7 using human urine specimens. The urinary RNase 7 concentrations were measured in healthy control patients and insulin-deficient type 1 diabetics before and after starting insulin therapy. Compared with controls, diabetic patients had suppressed urinary RNase 7 concentrations, which increased with insulin. Using primary human urothelial cells, the mechanisms by which insulin stimulates RNase 7 synthesis were next explored. Insulin induced RNase 7 production via the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway (PI3K/AKT) to shield urothelial cells from uropathogenic E. coli. In contrast, uropathogenic E. coli suppressed PI3K/AKT activity and RNase 7 production. Thus, insulin and PI3K/AKT signaling are essential for RNase 7 expression and increased infection risks in diabetic patients may be secondary to suppressed RNase 7 production. Our data may provide unique insight into novel urinary tract infection therapeutic strategies in at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tad E Eichler
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Becknell
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert S Easterling
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA; University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan E Ingraham
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel M Cohen
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew L Schwaderer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David S Hains
- Innate Immunity Translational Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Foundation Research Institute at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Birong Li
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jackie Metheny
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Susheela Tridandapani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John David Spencer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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18
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Brenner AK, Reikvam H, Bruserud Ø. A Subset of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Has Leukemia Cells Characterized by Chemokine Responsiveness and Altered Expression of Transcriptional as well as Angiogenic Regulators. Front Immunol 2016; 7:205. [PMID: 27252705 PMCID: PMC4879142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive and heterogeneous bone marrow malignancy, the only curative treatment being intensive chemotherapy eventually in combination with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Both the AML and their neighboring stromal cells show constitutive chemokine release, but chemokines seem to function as regulators of AML cell proliferation only for a subset of patients. Chemokine targeting is therefore considered not only for immunosuppression in allotransplanted patients but also as a possible antileukemic strategy in combination with intensive chemotherapy or as part of disease-stabilizing treatment at least for the subset of patients with chemokine-responsive AML cells. In this study, we characterized more in detail the leukemia cell phenotype of the chemokine-responsive patients. We investigated primary AML cells derived from 79 unselected patients. Standardized in vitro suspension cultures were used to investigate AML cell proliferation, and global gene expression profiles were compared for chemokine responders and non-responders identified through the proliferation assays. CCL28-induced growth modulation was used as marker of chemokine responsiveness, and 38 patients were then classified as chemokine-responsive. The effects of exogenous CCL28 (growth inhibition/enhancement/no effect) thus differed among patients and was also dependent on the presence of exogenous hematopoietic growth factors as well as constitutive AML cell cytokine release. The effect of CCR1 inhibition in the presence of chemokine-secreting mesenchymal stem cells also differed among patients. Chemokine-responsive AML cells showed altered expression of genes important for (i) epigenetic transcriptional regulation, particularly lysine acetylation; (ii) helicase activity, especially DExD/H RNA helicases; and (iii) angioregulatory proteins important for integrin binding. Thus, chemokine responsiveness is part of a complex AML cell phenotype with regard to extracellular communication and transcriptional regulation. Chemokine targeting in chemokine-responsive patients may thereby alter AML cell trafficking and increase their susceptibility toward antileukemic treatment, e.g., conventional chemotherapy or targeting of other phenotypic characteristics of the chemokine-responsive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette K Brenner
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Upregulated expression of CCR3 in osteoarthritis and CCR3 mediated activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cytokine 2015; 77:211-9. [PMID: 26409848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Upregulated expression of CC chemokine receptor (CCR)3 was observed in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage and chondrocytes, but expression of CCR3 on synovial tissue of OA remains unknown. Fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) invasion in synovium appears one of the features of OA, but expression and function of CCR3 on FLS remain uninvestigated. We therefore explored them in the present study. METHODS Enzymatically dispersed synovial tissue cells were analyzed by flowcytometry. Primary cultured FLS isolated from OA synovium were challenged and the expression of CCR3, eotaxin-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and ELISA. RESULTS Approximately 4.5% dispersed OA synovial tissue cells are CCR3+ cells. Among them, 58.4% cells are CD90+CD14-CD3- cells (representing FLS) and 36.7% are CD8+ cells, indicating that FLS are major population of CCR3+ cells in the synovial tissue. Levels of eotaxin-1 and MMP-9 in OA synovial fluid (SF) were greater than that in OA plasma and in healthy control (HC) plasma. Eotaxin-1 induced up to 5.8 and 7.2-fold increases in the expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein, respectively following 12h incubation with FLS, which was inhibited by antagonist of CCR3 SB328437 and an inhibitor of ERK U0126, indicating that action of eotaxin-1 on FLS seemed via CCR3 and ERK signaling pathway. IL-1β and TNF-α was found to elicit release of eotaxin-1 from OA FLS. CONCLUSION FLS via eotaxin-1 and its receptor CCR3 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OA, which strengthen the concept that OA is likely an inflammation related disease.
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20
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Li H, Meng YH, Shang WQ, Liu LB, Chen X, Yuan MM, Jin LP, Li MQ, Li DJ. Chemokine CCL24 promotes the growth and invasiveness of trophoblasts through ERK1/2 and PI3K signaling pathways in human early pregnancy. Reproduction 2015; 150:417-27. [PMID: 26316550 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine CCL24, acting through receptor CCR3, is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophil in allergic diseases and parasitic infections. We recently reported that CCL24 and CCR3 are co-expressed by trophoblasts in human early pregnant uterus. Here we prove with evidence that steroid hormones estradiol (E), progesterone (P), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), as well as decidual stromal cells (DSCs) could regulate the expression of CCL24 and CCR3 of trophoblasts. We further investigate how trophoblast-derived CCL24 mediates the function of trophoblasts in vitro, and conclude that CCL24/CCR3 promotes the proliferation, viability and invasiveness of trophoblasts. In addition, analysis of the downstream signaling pathways of CCL24/CCR3 show that extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways may contribute to the proliferation, viability and invasiveness of trophoblasts by activating intracellular molecules Ki67 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9). However, we did not observe any inhibitory effect on trophoblasts when blocking c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) or p38 pathways. In conclusion, our data suggests that trophoblast-derived CCL24 at the maternal-fetal interface promotes trophoblasts cell growth and invasiveness by ERK1/2 and PI3K pathways. Meanwhile, pregnancy-related hormones (P and hCG), as well as DSCs could up-regulate CCL24/CCR3 expression in trophoblasts, which may indirectly influence the biological functions of trophoblasts. Thus, our results provide a possible explanation for the growth and invasion of trophoblasts in human embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Han Meng
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qing Shang
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Bing Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Min Yuan
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Jin
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Jin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China Laboratory for Reproductive ImmunologyHospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Zhao Zhou Road 413, Shanghai 200011, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, ChinaNPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & DevicesShanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
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21
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Wang SJ, Cui HY, Liu YM, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Fu ZG, Chen ZN, Jiang JL. CD147 promotes Src-dependent activation of Rac1 signaling through STAT3/DOCK8 during the motility of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:243-57. [PMID: 25428919 PMCID: PMC4381592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is considered a dynamic process in tumor development that is related to abnormal migration and invasion. Tumor cells can move as individual cells in two interconvertible modes: mesenchymal-type and amoeboid. Previously, we reported that the interaction between CD147 and Annexin II can inhibit the amoeboid movement in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the mechanism of CD147 involved in mesenchymal movement is still unclear. Notably, our results show overexpression of CD147 led to mesenchymal-type movement in HCC cells. Evidence indicated that the mesenchymal-type cell movement induced by CD147 was Src dependent, as observed by confocal microscopy and Rac1 activity assay. The phosphorylation of Src (pY416-Src) can be up-regulated by CD147, and this regulation is mediated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Next, we identified DOCK8 as a GEF for Rac1, a key molecule driving mesenchymal-type movement. We also found that Src promotes STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 facilitates DOCK8 transcription, thus enhancing DOCK8 expression and Rac1 activation. This study provides a novel mechanism of CD147 regulating mesenchymal-type movement in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Wang
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Yong Cui
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Mei Liu
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pu Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Fu
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Li Jiang
- Cell Engineering Research Center & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Abstract
The hematologic system performs a number of essential functions, including oxygen transport, the execution of the immune response against tumor cells and invading pathogens, and hemostasis (blood clotting). These roles are performed by erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets), respectively. Critically, circadian rhythms are evident in the function of all 3 cell types. In this review, we describe these oscillations, explore their mechanistic bases, and highlight their key implications. Since erythrocytes are anucleate, circadian rhythms in these cells testify to the existence of a nontranscriptional circadian clock. From a clinical perspective, leukocyte rhythms could underlie daily variation in the severity of allergic reactions, the symptoms of chronic inflammatory diseases, and the body’s response to infection, while the rhythmic properties of thrombocytes may explain daily fluctuations in the incidence of heart attack and stroke. Consequently, the efficacy of treatments for these conditions is likely to depend on the timing of their administration. Last, we outline preliminary evidence that circadian disruption in the hematologic system could contribute to the deleterious effects of poor diet, shift work, and alcohol abuse on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pritchett
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Akhilesh B. Reddy
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
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23
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Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin (EDN/RNase 2) and the Mouse Eosinophil-Associated RNases (mEars): Expanding Roles in Promoting Host Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15442-55. [PMID: 26184157 PMCID: PMC4519907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN/RNase2) and its divergent orthologs, the mouse eosinophil-associated RNases (mEars), are prominent secretory proteins of eosinophilic leukocytes and are all members of the larger family of RNase A-type ribonucleases. While EDN has broad antiviral activity, targeting RNA viruses via mechanisms that may require enzymatic activity, more recent studies have elucidated how these RNases may generate host defense via roles in promoting leukocyte activation, maturation, and chemotaxis. This review provides an update on recent discoveries, and highlights the versatility of this family in promoting innate immunity.
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24
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Yamada KJ, Barker T, Dyer KD, Rice TA, Percopo CM, Garcia-Crespo KE, Cho S, Lee JJ, Druey KM, Rosenberg HF. Eosinophil-associated ribonuclease 11 is a macrophage chemoattractant. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8863-75. [PMID: 25713137 PMCID: PMC4423678 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.626648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RNase A is the prototype of an extensive family of divergent proteins whose members share a unique disulfide-bonded tertiary structure, conserved catalytic motifs, and the ability to hydrolyze polymeric RNA. Several members of this family maintain independent roles as ribonucleases and modulators of innate immunity. Here we characterize mouse eosinophil-associated RNase (Ear) 11, a divergent member of the eosinophil ribonuclease cluster, and the only known RNase A ribonuclease expressed specifically in response to Th2 cytokine stimulation. Mouse Ear 11 is differentially expressed in somatic tissues at baseline (brain ≪ liver < lung < spleen); systemic stimulation with IL-33 results in 10-5000-fold increased expression in lung and spleen, respectively. Ear 11 is also expressed in response to protective priming of the respiratory mucosa with Lactobacillus plantarum; transcripts are detected both locally in lung as well as systemically in bone marrow and spleen. Mouse Ear 11 is enzymatically active, although substantially less so than mEar 1 and mEar 2; the relative catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of mEar 11 is diminished ∼1000-1500-fold. However, in contrast to RNase 2/EDN and mEar 2, which have been characterized as selective chemoattractants for CD11c(+) dendritic cells, mEar 11 has prominent chemoattractant activity for F4/80(+)CD11c(-) tissue macrophages. Chemoattractant activity is not dependent on full enzymatic activity, and requires no interaction with the pattern recognition receptor, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Taken together, this work characterizes a divergent RNase A ribonuclease with a unique expression pattern and function, and highlights the versatility of this family in promoting innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tolga Barker
- Molecular Signal Transduction Sections, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | | | | | | - Soochin Cho
- the Department of Biology, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, and
| | - James J Lee
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Kirk M Druey
- Molecular Signal Transduction Sections, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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25
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Baumann A, Feilhauer K, Bischoff SC, Froy O, Lorentz A. IgE-dependent activation of human mast cells and fMLP-mediated activation of human eosinophils is controlled by the circadian clock. Mol Immunol 2014; 64:76-81. [PMID: 25466613 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of allergic attacks frequently exhibit diurnal variations. Accordingly, we could recently demonstrate that mast cells and eosinophils - known as major effector cells of allergic diseases - showed an intact circadian clock. Here, we analyzed the role of the circadian clock in the functionality of mast cells and eosinophils. Human intestinal mast cells (hiMC) were isolated from intestinal mucosa; human eosinophils were isolated from peripheral blood. HiMC and eosinophils were synchronized by dexamethasone before stimulation every 4h around the circadian cycle by FcɛRI crosslinking or fMLP, respectively. Signaling molecule activation was examined using Western blot, mRNA expression by real-time RT-PCR, and mediator release by multiplex analysis. CXCL8 and CCL2 were expressed and released in a circadian manner by both hiMC and eosinophils in response to activation. Moreover, phosphorylation of ERK1/2, known to be involved in activation of hiMC and eosinophils, showed circadian rhythms in both cell types. Interestingly, all clock genes hPer1, hPer2, hCry1, hBmal1, and hClock were expressed in a similar circadian pattern in activated and unstimulated cells indicating that the local clock controls hiMC and eosinophils and subsequently allergic reactions but not vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oren Froy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Axel Lorentz
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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26
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Ezeamuzie CI, El-Hashim AZ, Renno WM, Edafiogho IO. Antiallergic and antiasthmatic effects of a novel enhydrazinone ester (CEE-1): inhibition of activation of both mast cells and eosinophils. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 350:444-54. [PMID: 24917545 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.213751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of mast cells and eosinophils is a fundamental process in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. We have previously reported that the novel enhydrazinone ester CEE-1 (ethyl 4-phenylhydrazinocyclohex-3-en-2-oxo-6-phenyl-1-oate) possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. We have now tested whether the compound also possesses antiallergic and antiasthmatic effects in vitro and in vivo. The compound significantly inhibited degranulation and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) release from activated human eosinophils, as well as IgE-dependent degranulation and LTC4 release from passively sensitized rat basophilic leukemia cells and bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells. In human eosinophils, the drug was more potent in inhibiting degranulation than LTC4 release {IC50 = 0.4 μM [confidence interval (CI): 0.1-0.9] versus 3.8 μM (CI: 0.9-8.3)}, whereas in mast cells the reverse was essentially the case. The drug did not affect stimulus-induced calcium transients in eosinophils but significantly inhibited early phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). In vivo, topical application of 4.5-15 mg/kg of the compound significantly inhibited allergen-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice. Similarly, in the mouse asthma model, the intranasal administration of 6.5-12.5 mg/kg of the compound significantly inhibited bronchial inflammation and eosinophil accumulation in bronchial lavage fluid, as well as abolishing airway hyper-responsiveness to methacholine. These results show that CEE-1 inhibits the activation of both mast cells and eosinophils in vitro, probably by blocking MAPK-activation pathways, and that these effects are translated into antiallergic and antiasthmatic effects in vivo. The compound, therefore, has potential application in the treatment of asthma and other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles I Ezeamuzie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (C.I.E.), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.Z.E.-H.), and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (W.M.R.), Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, Connecticut (I.O.E.)
| | - Ahmed Z El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (C.I.E.), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.Z.E.-H.), and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (W.M.R.), Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, Connecticut (I.O.E.)
| | - Waleed M Renno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (C.I.E.), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.Z.E.-H.), and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (W.M.R.), Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, Connecticut (I.O.E.)
| | - Ivan O Edafiogho
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (C.I.E.), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.Z.E.-H.), and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (W.M.R.), Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, Connecticut (I.O.E.)
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
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