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Whitehead B, Sørensen Rossen L, Zippor M, Boysen AT, Indira Chandran V, Skallerup P, Thamsborg SM, Nejsum P. Micro RNA profiles of host extracellular vesicles are modulated by Ascaris suum infection but parasite extracellular vesicle miRNAs are systemically undetectable using in-depth miRNA sequencing. Int J Parasitol 2024:S0020-7519(24)00151-6. [PMID: 39116918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal helminth Ascaris lumbricoides infects over 800 million people. Infections are often chronic and immunity is not sterilizing due to host-immune modulation, therefore reinfection is common after antihelmintic treatment. We have previously demonstrated a role for Ascaris spp. extracellular vesicles (EVs) in host immune modulation but whether EVs are recognized by the adaptive immune system and are present systemically in the host remains unknown. Therefore, we employed a well-established trickle infection model in pigs to mimic natural Ascaris infection in humans. EVs were isolated from adult Ascaris suum followed by immunoblotting of EV and EV-depleted secretory fractions using plasma from infected and uninfected pigs. Next, EVs were isolated from pig plasma at day 56 post first infection and subjected to deep small RNAseq analysis. RNAs were aligned to A. suum and Sus scrofa miRNA complements to detect A. suum EVs and elucidate the host EV micro RNA (miRNA) response to infection, respectively. Infection generates robust antibody responses against A. suum EVs that is distinct from EV-depleted fractions. However, A. suum miRNAs were not detectable in EVs from the peripheral blood. Notably, host plasma-derived EV miRNA profiles showed significant changes between infected and uninfected pigs, indicating that Ascaris infection drives systemic changes in host EV composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Whitehead
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Litten Sørensen Rossen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads Zippor
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders T Boysen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vineesh Indira Chandran
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Stig M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Zheng J, Chen X, Zhan JB, Li CW, Wei X, Jiang HY. CircARF3 Mitigates Allergic Rhinitis through Targeting microRNA-205-5p/Sirtuin 5 Axis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:1056-1070. [PMID: 37343537 DOI: 10.1159/000530351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are essential in the progression of allergic rhinitis (AR). The purpose of this research was to examine the role of circRNA ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (circARF3) in the pathogenesis of AR. METHODS To generate an animal model of AR, mice were treated with house dust mite (HDM), and mice nasal epithelial cells (NEpCs) were treated with IL-4/IL-13 to imitate the inflammatory damage of AR in vitro. Sanger sequencing, qRT-PCR, and RNAse R digestion assays all validated the circularization structure of circARF3. The levels of circARF3, miR-205-5p, and sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) were determined by qRT-PCR or Western blotting. Luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and pull-down experiments were used to investigate the regulatory network. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the rate of cell apoptosis, and Western blotting was used to determine the levels of apoptotic-related proteins (cleaved caspase 3, cleaved polyadenosine-diphosphate-ribose polymerase) and HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess the inflammatory response. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and TUNEL were used to detect the histology of injury and apoptosis of nasal mucosa tissues. RESULTS CircARF3 and SIRT5 levels were reduced in HDM-treated animals and IL-4/IL-13-treated NEpCs, while miR-205-5p expression was increased. CircARF3 was generated by back-splicing exons 3-5 with a stable circular shape. CircARF3 overexpression mitigated IL-4/IL-13-induced apoptosis in NEpCs by inhibiting miR-205-5p. SIRT5 upregulation attenuated IL-4/IL-13-induced inflammatory injury in NEpCs, and SIRT5 knockdown induced opposite effects. miR-205-5p silencing reversed the effects of SIRT5 knockdown on IL-4/IL-13-induced inflammatory injury. Furthermore, circARF3 overexpression alleviated histological abnormalities, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and HMGB1/TLR4 signaling activation in HDM-treated animals. CONCLUSION CircARF3 inhibited cell apoptosis and inflammation via the miR-205-5p/SIRT5 axis in IL-4/IL-13-treated NEpCs and HDM-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Jia-Bin Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Chang-Wu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
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Wang N, Li P, Liu J, Wang Z. MiR-29a-3p promotes nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction via direct targeting of CTNNB1-VCL module in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110325. [PMID: 37262956 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is resulted from immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions to inhaled allergens which elicit mucosal inflammation and impair epithelial barrier integrity. However, whether miR-29a-3p as an epigenetic regulator that can contribute to epithelial barrier dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AR, and its underlying mechanism remians unclear. In this study, we discovered that miR-29a-3p was upregulated in AR patients and preferentially expressed in epithelial and glandular cells of nasal mucosa. VCL and CTNNB1, candidate target genes of miR-29a-3p, were predicted with several databases, including miRDB, miRanda, microT-CDS and TargetScan, and were validated through dual-luciferase reporter assay system. These two proteins were strongly associated with adherens junction (AJ) and tight junction (TJ) of nasal mucosa epithelial cells, in which played vital roles in mucosal integrity and nasal epithelial barrier function stability. Results for HNEpC culture and in vitro treatment experiments showed that expression of VCL and CTNNB1 were inhibited by miR-29a-3p mimic and were enhanced by miR-29a-3p inhibitor. In OVA-induced AR mice model, the expression pattern of miR-29a-3p and its target genes (Vcl and Ctnnb1) were consistent with the aforementioned quantitative results in AR patients, and miR-29a-3p antagomir could partially alleviate the symptom of OVA-induced AR in mice, restoring mucosal integrity and paracellular barrier function. In conclusion, our findings indicate that miR-29a-3p targets CTNNB1 and VCL to regulate nasal epithelial permeability and barrier function integrity, which may serve as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China.
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Areny-Balagueró A, Solé-Porta A, Camprubí-Rimblas M, Campaña-Duel E, Ceccato A, Roig A, Closa D, Artigas A. Bioengineered extracellular vesicles: future of precision medicine for sepsis. Intensive Care Med Exp 2023; 11:11. [PMID: 36894763 PMCID: PMC9998145 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndromic response to infection and is frequently a final common pathway to death from many infectious diseases worldwide. The complexity and high heterogeneity of sepsis hinder the possibility to treat all patients with the same protocol, requiring personalized management. The versatility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their contribution to sepsis progression bring along promises for one-to-one tailoring sepsis treatment and diagnosis. In this article, we critically review the endogenous role of EVs in sepsis progression and how current advancements have improved EVs-based therapies toward their translational future clinical application, with innovative strategies to enhance EVs effect. More complex approaches, including hybrid and fully synthetic nanocarriers that mimic EVs, are also discussed. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies are examined through the review to offer a general outlook of the current and future perspectives of EV-based sepsis diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Areny-Balagueró
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Solé-Porta
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marta Camprubí-Rimblas
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Campaña-Duel
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
| | - Adrián Ceccato
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Daniel Closa
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
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Nie H, Wang F, Zeng X, Bao H, Liu X. Analysis of Communal Molecular Mechanism Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Osteoporosis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:259-271. [PMID: 36937804 PMCID: PMC10017835 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s395492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with osteoporosis (OP) usually experience more frequent exacerbations, worse quality of life, and heavier economic burden, however, few studies have investigated common molecular mechanisms of COPD and OP. Objective To explore the relationship between COPD and OP through bioinformatics analysis. Methods The miRNA microarray data of COPD and OP were retrieved from the Gene Expression Database (GEO), and the differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were screened and the intersection was obtained. The Targetscan, miRDB, and miRWalk databases were used to predict the target genes of DEmiRNA, and the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the R package clusterProfiler, the STRING database was used to analyze the target protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and screens to determine the core modules and core genes. Results Two DEmiRNAs (miR-23a-5p, miR-194-3p) have been found in COPD and OP, which have predicted 76 and 114 target genes, respectively. GO functional annotations of miR-23a-5p were significantly enriched in CD40 signaling pathway, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity, etc; KEGG pathways of miR-23a-5p were significantly enriched in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, folate biosynthesis, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. GO function annotations of miR-194-3p were significantly enriched in T cell activation regulation, ubiquitin protein ligase activity, and DNA transcription factor binding; KEGG pathways of miR-194-3p were significantly enriched in cell adhesion molecules, intercellular tight junctions, and lysosomal pathway. PPI analysis found target coding proteins formed complex regulatory networks. Ten core genes (TP53, SRC, PXN, CHD4, SYK, TNRC6B, PML, KAT5, BRD1 and IGF2) were picked out among them, then we used the MCODE plugin found three core subnetworks. Conclusion Two identical DEmiRNAs (miR-23a-5p, miR-194-3p) exist in the peripheral blood of COPD and OP patients, which are important biomarkers for COPD patients with OP and may represent novel targets for diagnosis and treatment of COPD patients with OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Nie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hairong Bao
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoju Liu
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaoju Liu, Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Albano GD, Gagliardo R, Montalbano AM, Profita M. Non-Coding RNAs in Airway Diseases: A Brief Overview of Recent Data. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010054. [PMID: 36612051 PMCID: PMC9817765 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic, or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants. These stimuli often promote an increase in different inflammatory activities in the airways, manifesting themselves as chronic diseases (e.g., allergic airway diseases, asthma chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or even lung cancer). Non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) are single-stranded RNA molecules of few nucleotides that regulate the gene expression involved in many cellular processes. ncRNA are molecules typically involved in the reduction of translation and stability of the genes of mRNAs s. They regulate many biological aspects such as cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, regulation of cell cycle, aging, apoptosis, metabolism, and neuronal patterning, and influence a wide range of biologic processes essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. The relevance of ncRNAs in the pathogenetic mechanisms of respiratory diseases has been widely established and in the last decade many papers were published. However, once their importance is established in pathogenetic mechanisms, it becomes important to further deepen the research in this direction. In this review we describe several of most recent knowledge concerning ncRNA (overall miRNAs) expression and activities in the lung.
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Zhu Y, Sun X, Tan S, Luo C, Zhou J, Zhang S, Li Z, Lin H, Zhang W. M2 macrophage-related gene signature in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1047930. [PMID: 36466903 PMCID: PMC9712459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1047930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common sinonasal inflammatory disorder with high heterogeneity. Increasing evidence have indicated that the infiltration of macrophages especially M2 macrophages play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. This study sought to identify potential biomarkers related to M2 macrophages in CRSwNP. METHODS The expression datasets of GSE136825 and GSE179265 were download from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and merged. Then, CIBERSORT and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithms were applied to identify M2 macrophage-related gene modules. Thereafter, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to M2 macrophages were selected to perform functional enrichment analyses. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built to identify hub genes and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptions PCR was used to verify the bioinformatics results. RESULTS A total of 92 DEGs associated with M2 macrophages were identified for further analysis. The results of Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses illustrated that M2 macrophage-associated DEGs primarily enriched in immune responses and extracellular matrix structure. PPI network analysis identified 18 hub genes related to M2 macrophages that might be pivotal in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. After verification, AIF1, C1QA, C1QB, C3AR1, CCR1, CD163, CD4, CD53, CD86, CSF1R, CYBB, FCER1G, FCGR3A, IL10RA, ITGB2, LAPTM5, PLEK, TYROBP were identified as potential M2 macrophage-related biomarkers for CRSwNP. CONCLUSION These findings yield new insights into the hub genes and mechanisms related to M2 macrophages in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. Further studies of these hub genes would help better understand the disease progression and identify potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolin Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyu Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayao Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Roles of Exosomes in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911284. [PMID: 36232588 PMCID: PMC9570170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is multifactorial and not entirely clear. The objective of the review was to examine the current state of knowledge concerning the role of exosomes in CRS. For this systematic review, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases for studies published until 7 August 2022. Only original research articles describing studies published in English were included. Reviews, book chapters, case studies, conference papers, and opinions were excluded. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the modified Office and Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk of Bias Rating Tool for Human and Animal Studies. Of 250 records identified, 17 were eligible, all of which had a low to moderate risk of overall bias. Presented findings indicate that exosomal biomarkers, including proteins and microRNA, act as promising biomarkers in the diagnostics and prognosis of CRS patients and, in addition, may contribute to finding novel therapeutic targets. Exosomes reflecting tissue proteomes are excellent, highly available material for studying proteomic alterations noninvasively. The first steps have already been taken, but more advanced research on nasal exosomes is needed, which might open a wider door for individualized medicine in CRS.
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Pan Y, Wu L, He S, Wu J, Wang T, Zang H. Identification of hub genes and immune cell infiltration characteristics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:843580. [PMID: 36060258 PMCID: PMC9431028 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.843580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study is to reveal the hub genes related to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and their association with immune cell infiltration through bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental validation. In this study, through differential gene expression analysis, 1,516 upregulated and 1,307 downregulated DEG were obtained from dataset GSE136825 of the GEO database. We identified 14 co-expressed modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), among which the most significant positive and negative correlations were MEgreen and MEturquoise modules, containing 1,540 and 3,710 genes respectively. After the intersection of the two modules and DEG, two gene sets—DEG-MEgreen and DEG-MEturquoise—were obtained, containing 395 and 1,168 genes respectively. Through GO term analysis, it was found that immune response and signal transduction are the most important biological processes. We found, based on KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, that osteoclast differentiations, cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, and neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions are the most important in the two gene sets. Through PPI network analysis, we listed the top-ten genes for the concentrated connectivity of the two gene sets. Next, a few genes were verified by qPCR experiments, and FPR2, ITGAM, C3AR1, FCER1G, CYBB in DEG-MEgreen and GNG4, NMUR2, and GNG7 in DEG-MEturquoise were confirmed to be related to the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. NP immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a significant difference in the proportion of immune cells between the NP group and control group. Finally, correlation analysis between target hub genes and immune cells indicated that FPR2 and GNG7 had a positive or negative correlation with some specific immune cells. In summary, the discoveries of these new hub genes and their association with immune cell infiltration are of great significance for uncovering the specific pathogenesis of CRSwNP and searching for disease biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangwang Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Civil Aviation General Hospital (Peking University Civil Aviation School of Clinical Medicine), Bejing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yangwang Pan, ; Hongrui Zang,
| | - Linjing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongrui Zang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yangwang Pan, ; Hongrui Zang,
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Yang Y, Sun Q, Guo J, Liu Z, Wang J, Yao Y, Yu P, Cao J, Zhang Y, Song X. Identification of a lncRNA AC011511.5- Mediated Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Involved in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Rhinitis. Front Genet 2022; 13:811679. [PMID: 35711945 PMCID: PMC9194448 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.811679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks are thought to be involved in regulating the development of various inflammatory diseases. Up to now, the mechanism of such a network in allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. In the study, we investigated the differential expression of lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) by performing a microarray analysis of peripheral blood obtained from AR patients and healthy control subjects. StarBase 2.0 was used to predict miRNAs that might interact with various DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs. We constructed a ceRNA network based on potential lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions. The Cluster Profiler R package was used to perform a functional enrichment analysis of the hub-ceRNA, and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) was used for further identification of the hub-ceRNA network. The expression levels of genes contained in the hub-ceRNA network were validated by RT-PCR. In total, 247 DEmRNAs and 18 DelncRNAs were aberrantly expressed in the PBMCs of AR patients. A ceRNA network consisting of 3 lncRNAs, 45 miRNAs, and 75 mRNAs was constructed. A GO analysis showed that negative regulation of immune response, response to interferon-beta, and response to interferon-alpha were important terms. A KEGG pathway analysis showed that 75 mRNAs were significantly enriched in "NOD-like receptor signaling pathway" and "tryptophan metabolism". Ultimately, a hub-ceRNA network was constructed based on 1 lncRNA (AC011511.5), 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-576-5p, hsa-miR-520c-5p, hsa-miR-519b-5p, hsa-miR-519c-5p, and hsa-miR-518d-5p), and 2 mRNAs (ZFP36L1 and SNX27). Following further verification, we found that overexpression of lncRNA AC011511.5 or inhibitor of miR-576-5p upregulated SNX27 expression. The expression of SNX27 in the lncRNA AC011511.5 overexpression & miR-576-5p inhibitor group was not different from that in the miR-576-5p inhibitor group or lncRNA AC011511.5 overexpression group, indicating that overexpression of lncRNA AC011511.5 could not further upregulate the expression of SNX27 in miR-576-5p inhibitor Jurkat cells. This network may provide new insights to search for biomarkers that can be used for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Pengyi Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Jiayu Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, China
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Sedaghat AR, Kuan EC, Scadding GK. Epidemiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Prevalence and Risk Factors. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:1395-1403. [PMID: 35092822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) epidemiology may directly impact patient care: aiding patient identification and establishing accurate diagnosis as well as informing treatment decisions. The objective of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the epidemiology of CRS, with a focus on prevalence and risk factors. Although the presence of either symptoms or objective findings alone have yielded CRS prevalence estimates of over 10%, the presence of both-consistent with guideline-based diagnostic criteria for CRS-has suggested that the true prevalence of CRS is consistently less than 5%, with approximately one-third of patients with CRS having nasal polyps, in epidemiologic studies from around the world. In comparison, the prevalence of CRS endotypes-pathophysiologic subclassification of CRS most commonly as related to type 2 or non-type 2 inflammation-has been found to vary significantly by region. The epidemiology of CRS is modified and ultimately determined by risk factors: genetic/hereditary, demographic, environmental, and imparted by predictive pre-/comorbid disease. The understanding of these epidemiologic relationships may help the provider to optimally identify and understand each individual's CRS disease process, thereby improving both diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R Sedaghat
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Edward C Kuan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, Calif
| | - Glenis K Scadding
- Royal National ENT Hospital, University College Hospitals London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Lai JJ, Chau ZL, Chen S, Hill JJ, Korpany KV, Liang N, Lin L, Lin Y, Liu JK, Liu Y, Lunde R, Shen W. Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103222. [PMID: 35332686 PMCID: PMC9130923 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and are attractive in biotechnology and biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers as well as therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this potential is the ability to manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such as proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for their processing and characterization. Furthermore, there is a lack of well-characterized reference exosome materials to aid in selection of methods for exosome isolation, purification, and analysis. This review informs exosome research and technology development by comparing exosome processing and characterization methods and recommending exosome workflows. This review also provides a detailed introduction to exosomes, including their physical and chemical properties, roles in normal biological processes and in disease progression, and summarizes some of the on-going clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Lai
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Zoe L. Chau
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Sheng‐You Chen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - John J. Hill
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | | | - Nai‐Wen Liang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Li‐Han Lin
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei City10617Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsuan Lin
- Department of Engineering and System ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Joanne K. Liu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Yu‐Chung Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Ruby Lunde
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Wei‐Ting Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental SciencesNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article explores recent findings on the involvement of innate immunity in allergic airways disease, concentrating on allergic rhinitis. RECENT FINDINGS We speculate on the ways in which environmental influences act to initiate inflammation and on how these may have altered in recent decades. Improved understanding of the mechanisms involved may reveal future possibilities for therapy. SUMMARY The complex nature of immunity - both innate and acquired - in airways disease has implications for prevention and for therapy and requires further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenis K Scadding
- Royal National ENT Hospital, University College Hospitals London. Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London
| | - Guy W Scadding
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College, London, UK
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14
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Song L, Wang X, Qu X, Lv C. Transcription Factor Specificity Protein 1 Regulates Inflammation and Fibrin Deposition in Nasal Polyps Via the Regulation of microRNA-125b and the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2022; 45:1118-1132. [PMID: 34988755 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nasal polyps (NPs) are multifactorial soft growths inside the nasal passages and are associated with chronic inflammation that originate from the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosae. This study focused on the role of microRNA (miR)-125b and the molecules associated with NP development. Differentially expressed miRNAs between nasal tissues from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP (CRSwNP) and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) were screened using microarray analysis. A murine model of CRSwNP was established. The expression of miR-125b in murine tissues was examined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Candidate upstream regulators of miR-125b were predicted using bioinformatics tools, and the binding relationship between specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and miR-125b was validated using luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Altered expression of Sp1 and miR-125b was induced to evaluate their relevance to the progression of NPs. miR-125b expression was significantly upregulated in NP tissues from patients with CRSwNP. Sp1 was confirmed as an upstream regulator that promotes miR-125b transcription in NPs. Overexpression of Sp1 reduced levels of d-dimer (an indicator of fibrinogen degradation products) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) but increased eosinophil cationic protein and peroxidase levels, as well as the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-8 in murine NP tissues. However, these trends were reversed after miR-125b downregulation. Sp1 and miR-125b were found to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in NPs. This study demonstrated that Sp1, an upstream transcription factor of miR-125b, accumulates on the miR-125b promoter to activate its transcription, which induces inflammation and fibrin deposition in NP by activating the Wnt/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Laishan District, No. 10087, Keji Avenue, Yantai, 264001, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Xu X, Reitsma S, Wang DY, Fokkens WJ. Highlights in the advances of chronic rhinosinusitis. Allergy 2021; 76:3349-3358. [PMID: 33948955 DOI: 10.1111/all.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex upper airway inflammatory disease with a broad spectrum of clinical variants. As our understanding of the disease pathophysiology evolves, so too does our philosophy towards the approach and management of CRS. Endotyping is gaining favour over phenotype-based classifications, owing to its potential in prognosticating disease severity and delivering precision treatment. Endotyping is especially useful in challenging CRS with nasal polyposis cases, for whom novel treatment options such as biologicals are now available. The latest European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS2020) reflects these changes with updated rhinosinusitis classifications and new integrated care pathways. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, physicians and rhinologists have to balance the responsibility of managing their patients' upper airway while adequately protecting themselves from droplet and aerosol transmission. This review summarises the key updates from EPOS2020, endotype-based classification and biomarkers. The role of biologicals in CRS and the lessons we can draw from their use in severe asthma will be examined. Finally, the principles of CRS management during COVID-19 will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinni Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology ‐ Head & Neck Surgery National University Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - Sietze Reitsma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Wytske J. Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
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