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Ihmoud S, Cordis S. A poetics of living rebellion: Sociocultural anthropology in 2021. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aman.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ihmoud
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology College of the Holy Cross Worcester MA USA
| | - Shanya Cordis
- Department of African American and African Diaspora Studies and Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Race Columbia University New York NY USA
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Winburn AP, Miller Wolf KA, Marten MG. Operationalizing a Structural Vulnerability Profile for forensic anthropology: Skeletal and dental biomarkers of embodied inequity. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2022; 5:100289. [PMID: 36388762 PMCID: PMC9641186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2022.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Human societies create and maintain structures in which individuals and groups experience varying degrees of inequity and suffering that may be skeletally and dentally embodied. It is necessary to foreground these social and structural impacts for forensic anthropologists to eschew biologically deterministic interpretations of human variation and overly individualistic interpretations of health and disease. We thus propose a 'Structural Vulnerability Profile' (SVP), akin to the Structural Vulnerability Assessment Tool of medical anthropology [1], to be considered along with the traditional 'biological' profile estimated by forensic anthropologists. Assembling an SVP would involve examining and assessing skeletal/dental biomarkers indicative of embodied social inequity-the lived experiences of social marginalization that can get 'under the skin' to leave hard-tissue traces. Shifting our emphasis from presumably hereditary variation to focus on embodied social marginalization, the SVP will allow forensic anthropologists to sensitively reconstruct the lived experiences of the people we examine.
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Kroll C, Murphy J, Poston L, You W, Premkumar A. Cultivating the ideal obstetrical patient: How physicians-in-training describe pain associated with childbirth. Soc Sci Med 2022; 312:115365. [PMID: 36155358 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
We explore the work labor pain does in cultivating obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) resident physicians' conceptualization of the "ideal" obstetrical patient - replete with moral, pharmacological, classed, and racialized dimensions. Our data is derived from a single-site, qualitative study conducted at an urban academic OB/GYN residency program in the midwestern U.S. between 2018 and 2019. 36 residents, 9 from each post-graduate year, were randomly selected to complete a semi-structured interview on their perceptions of patient pain surrounding OB/GYN procedures. Grounded theory analysis of the OB/GYN residents' interviews revealed the idealized obstetrical patient is quiet and easily controlled. Residents praised women whom they believed were suppressing their labor pain, a racialized and classed concept that furthers misconceptions about the "obstetric hardiness" of Black women and the hypersensitivity of wealthy White women. Participants' conceptions of "bad" patients included those with less cultural health capital due to low health literacy and socioeconomic status, which impeded the patients' ability to participate in shared decision-making. Despite acknowledging the importance of patient autonomy regarding pain control during labor, the interviewed residents positioned themselves as the ultimate authority. Their subjective assessment of patients' pain inherently invoked their personal biases, such as conflating low socioeconomic status and race. Some participants posited an inverse relationship between hardship and pain, while others questioned whether those with low health literacy exaggerate their pain due to fear of the clinical encounter or to secure medical attention. Both framings have concerning implications for inadequate pain control and the unintentional perpetuation of obstetric violence and obstetric racism within the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Kroll
- Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities at Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St, Suite 628, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Julia Murphy
- Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lindsay Poston
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, 250 E Superior St, Suite 03-2303, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Whitney You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, 250 E Superior St, Suite 03-2303, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ashish Premkumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, 250 E Superior St, Suite 03-2303, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Fleskes RE, Bader AC, Tsosie KS, Wagner JK, Claw KG, Garrison NA. Ethical Guidance in Human Paleogenomics: New and Ongoing Perspectives. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2022; 23:627-652. [PMID: 35537469 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-120621-090239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the study of ancient genomes from Ancestral humans, or human paleogenomic research, has expanded rapidly in both scale and scope. Ethical discourse has subsequently emerged to address issues of social responsibility and scientific robusticity in conducting research. Here, we highlight and contextualize the primary sources of professional ethical guidance aimed at paleogenomic researchers. We describe the tension among existing guidelines, while addressing core issues such as consent, destructive research methods, and data access and management. Currently, there is a dissonance between guidelines that focus on scientific outcomes and those that hold scientists accountable to stakeholder communities, such as descendants. Thus, we provide additional tools to navigate the complexities of ancient DNA research while centering engagement with stakeholder communities in the scientific process. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, Volume 23 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel E Fleskes
- Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA;
| | - Alyssa C Bader
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA; .,Sealaska Heritage Institute, Juneau, Alaska, USA
| | - Krystal S Tsosie
- Native BioData Consortium, Eagle Butte, South Dakota, USA; .,College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jennifer K Wagner
- School of Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Katrina G Claw
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA;
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, Institute for Precision Health, and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA;
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